IBCs, Animal Care and Use, and Vivarium issues

Transcription

1 IBCs, Animal Care and Use, and Vivarium issues Timothy D. Mandrell, DVM, Dipl. ACLAM Professor and Chair Department of Comparative Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center

2 The Problem IBC IACUC Animal Care

3 The Problem IBC Animal IACU Care C

4 IBC Recombinant molecules Biological hazards Select Agents Toxins Containment procedures Animal containment expert (DVM) Protecting environment, personnel, and institution

5 IACUC Experimental procedures involving animals Husbandry and care Humane endpoints Animal Care Program Animal Facilities IBO serves as non-voting member Protecting animals, personnel, and institution

6 Animal Care Provides daily care and observation Veterinary care and oversight Husbandry, sanitation, food and water Follows SOPs for hazards as outlined by IBC and IACUC

7 Parallel Review Identify the gatekeeper! At UTHSC, the IACUC has final approval IBC approval Required training Gatekeeper for facility access

8 Sometimes there is a disconnect SO has working knowledge of biosafety practices and procedures May not have animal experience or knowledge of acceptable animal biosafety procedures Must be able to work with ACS on containment procedures and training

9 Human cells injected into vitreous of rabbits Per BMBL human cells in animals is ABSL2 Feedback from BSO Use microisolator cage Autoclave soiled cages Tyvec, face shield, etc.

10 Viral Vectors Used to deliver genetic material into cells Viruses have molecular mechanisms to transport their genome inside the cells they infect Replication incompetent Recombination events or contamination from wildtype virus can result in replication competent virus (RCV)

11 Viral Vectors Adenovirus Adeno associated virus Retrovirus Epetein-Barr Virus Herpesvirus Pox virus

12 Viral Vectors Review and risk assessment by IBC Assignment of biosafety level Testing for replication competent virus (RCV) Special handling of animals, cages, bedding

13 Can animals treated with viral vectors be removed from containment? Depends on Viral Vector type Testing and risk for RCV Risk assessment

14 Can animals treated with viral vectors be removed from containment? Commonly used replication-deficient viral vectors pose minimal exposure risk by 72 h after inoculation * *Reuter et al, Comp Med Oct;62(5): Third-generation lentivirus Recombinant adeno-associated virus E1-deleted adenovirus

15 Can animals treated with viral vectors be removed from containment? ABSL2 practices and procedures in containment Cage labeling with date of inoculation and date when safe Write, review, implement SOP for transfer of viral vector treated animals from containment to noncontainment housing

16 Can animals treated with viral vectors be removed from containment? After 72 hours Transfer animals into clean cages Use BSC Microisolation technique Decontaminate outside of clean cage per cage handling SOP Transfer cage out of containment Apply new cage cards

17 What is contaminated bedding? Rodents are housed in microisolation cages Cage contains Contact bedding Nesting material Enrichment Food Water

18 What is contaminated bedding? Everything INSIDE the cage is contaminated Direct contact with animal Animal inoculated with hazardous agent or material Microisolation cage keeps hazard within the cage Outside of cage can be decontaminated Approved disinfectant or sterilant

19 How to treat contaminated bedding Autoclave the soiled cage with bedding, food, water, nesting material, enrichment Empty cages in BSC and collect soiled bedding Autoclave soiled bedding Autoclave or disinfect cages Disposable cages Bag and autoclave

20 Chemical hazards Risk assessment Is there a risk for a dilution error? SOP for handling animals and cages when any hazard is used Always label cages with known hazard and follow SOP

21 Chemical Hazards How does one know if a dilution is below hazardous levels? Is an LD50 enough?

22 Chemical Hazards LD50 Toxnet Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Risk Assessment

23 Communicating Risks How do we best communicate risks associated with animal research to animal workers?

24 Communicating Risks With Animal Research Personnel Investigator Laboratory Staff Animal Care Veterinary Care

25 Communicating Risks with Animal Research Personnel Simple, clear SOPs with visuals Training on each SOP In specific facility with all required equipment Hands on walk through Start up meeting PI and Staff Animal Care Staff and Supervisor Veterinary Staff

26 Training What about training? One size training does not fit all, there are various demographics in vivaria.

27 Training Investigator and laboratory staff Animal Care Veterinary Care Safety specialists

28 Training and Selection of Staff Simple, straightforward SOPs written to HS education Involve users in SOP preparation and review Multilingual SOP if appropriate for staff Visuals Identify elements by job function Research personnel Animal Care Hands on review

29 Occupational Health Does everyone who works with animals need an allergy risk assessment or medical prophylaxis? Are the requirements the same for both animal husbandry personnel as well as researchers?

30 Occupational Health Risk Assessment for Allergy Species, extent and nature of contact, engineering controls Medical prophylaxis Species, hazards, extent and nature of contact, defined by OHSP Animal Care vs. Research Staff

31 Animal Care Wet Areas What to consider in choosing a disinfectant/cleaner for cleaning and disinfection of kennels and large animal areas? Is there a concern with generation of aerosols and inhalation exposure? How are these mitigated? What PPE is required for ACS who clean and disinfect kennels and large animal areas?

32 Animal Care Wet Areas Washdown of kennels, runs, animal holding rooms Generation of aerosol from spray Chemical exposure Respiratory exposure Skin and mucous membrane exposure

33 Washdown Safety Cleaning must precede disinfection Cleaners may be caustic or irritating Hot water or steam High pressure sprayer Wet and uncomfortable environment Generation of aerosol

34 Washdown Safety Require PPE Protect skin and mucous membranes Protect clothing from getting wet Respiratory protection Safety training Chemicals Equipment Steam hose Pressure washer

35 PPE for Washdown

36 PPE for Washdown Goggles and respirator PAPR

37 PPE for Washdown Waterproof clothing Barrier apron or gown Waterproof boots Waterproof gloves

38 Washdown Procedure Evaluate practices and procedures Choose products based on risk assessment and desired outcomes

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40 Questions?

41 The Stella Lab