ASTM STANDARDS FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF AEROSPACE COMPOSITES. George A. Matzkanin and H. Thomas Yolken Texas Research Institute/Austin

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1 ASTM STANDARDS FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF AEROSPACE COMPOSITES George A. Matzkanin and H. Thomas Yolken Texas Research Institute/Austin 12 th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials Blacksburg, Virginia

2 ASTM STANDARDS FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF AEROSPACE COMPOSITES OUTLINE 1. Statement of Problem 2. History of NEW ASTM Efforts on NDE of Aerospace Composites 3. NDE of Flat Panel Polymer Matrix Composite Document Standards/Background 4. NDE of Flat Panel Polymer Matrix Composite Document Standards/Accomplishments 5. NDE Of Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels (COPVs)/Background 6. NDE of COPVs/Current Activities 7. NDE of COPVs/Technical Approach for Thin Walled Metallic COPV Liners 8. NDE of COPVs/Technical Approach for Composite Overwrap 9. Summary 2

3 HISTRORY OF NEW ASTM EFFORTS ON NDE OF AEROSPACE COMPOSITES ASTM Working Group on NDE of Aerospace Composites Was Founded in 2005 Under ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing, Subcommittee E07.10 on New Methods Effort Recommended and Initially Supported by Edward Generazio/NASA Langley Research Center Effort Supported by William Prosser/NASA Engineering Safety Center for Last Few Years 3

4 HISTORY OF NEW ASTM EFFORTS ON NDE OF AEROSPACE COMPOSITES (CONTINUED) George Matzkanin (Chairman) and Thomas Yolken Initiated New ASTM Effort in 2005 George Matzkanin Continues to serve as Working Group Chairman with Continued Proactive Help From Thomas Yolken Regor Saulsberry, NASA WSTF and Jess Waller, Jacobs Technology/NASA WSTF Have Continued to Provide Proactive Help to Effort Two Meetings/Year With Participation by Industry, Government and Universities 4

5 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Lack of National Consensus Document Standards Containing Procedural Details for NDE of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Flat Panel Composites Composite Components With More Complex Shapes,e.g. Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels Composite Pressure Vessels Sandwich Core Materials Metal and Brittle Matrix Composites Are a Possible subject for Future Effort 5

6 Six Writing Groups Set Up to Write: NDE OF FLAT PANEL POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITE DOCUMENT STANDARDS BACKGROUND Standard Guide for NDT of Polymer Matrix Composites Used in Aerospace Applications Five Standard Practices for: Ultrasonic Testing, Shearography, Infrared Flash Thermography, Radiology, and Acoustic Emission Writing Groups Were Joint Efforts Between Subcommittees of ASTM E07 and the Working Group With Balanced Participation by Industry, Government and Universities Document Standards Were Approved by ASTM Voting Process and Promulgated as National Consensus Standards (Also Adapted by US Air Force) 6

7 ACCOMPLISHMENT SINCE

8 ACCOMPLISHMENTS SINCE 2005 (CONTINUED) 8

9 NDE OF COMPOSITE OVERWRAPPED PRESSURE VESSELS (COPVs) BACKGROUND RESULTS OF NASA ENGINEERING SAFETY CENTER STUDIES NDE Was Not Adequately Implemented during Shuttle and International Space Station COPV Manufacture No provisions for On Going COPV Structural Integrity or Health Checks Stress Rupture Failure of Gas Pressurized COPVs on the Ground or in Flight Presents a catastrophic Hazard 9

10 Gaps in NDE/NDI of COPVs NDE of COMPOSITE OVERWARPPED PRESSURE VESSELS/BACKGROUND (CONTINUED) Need Quantitative rather than qualitative NDE/NDI Need Physical Defect Standards That are Directly Representative of the Structure Being Inspected Need NDE to be Fully Integrated Into the COPV Manufacturing Process COPVs Still Demonstrate a Large Amount of Variability in Burst Pressure and Stress Rupture Progression Rate 10

11 NDE OF COPVs TECHNICAL APPROACH FOR THIN WALLED METALLIC LINERS In some Cases, Method Maturity Needs to be Advanced NASA is currently Working on Physical Standards for Shallow Cracks in Liners Standard Practice Writing Team Has Been Established Major Focus on: Fluorescent Dye Reentrant, Eddy Current, Ultrasound/Phased Array, Lamb Wave, Radiography Focus Also on: AE, Profilimetry, Thermography, Magnetic Particle? 11

12 NDE of COPVs TECHNICAL APPROACH FOR COMPOSITE OVERWRAP POTENTIAL MAJOR FOCUS ON: Acoustic Emission, Radiography, Shearography, Thermography, Ultrasound, Visual, and Eddy Current (Only for Graphite Fiber COPVs) Methods Have Mostly NOT Demonstrated Quantitative Results Focus of Standard Could be on On Line Process Control, After Manufacturing Inspection, In service Inspection, Health Monitoring Standard Practice Writing Team Has Been Established 12

SUMMARY ASTM Effort on NDE of Aerospace Composites Established in 2005 Five ASTM Standard Practice Documents and One Standard Guide Completed and Promulgated For Flat Panel Composites (All Adapted by

13 SUMMARY ASTM Effort on NDE of Aerospace Composites Established in 2005 Five ASTM Standard Practice Documents and One Standard Guide Completed and Promulgated For Flat Panel Composites (All Adapted by US Air Force) Two ASTM Standard Practice Documents Currently Underway for COPV Thin Metallic Liners and Composite Overwrap ASTM Working Group on NDE of Aerospace Composites Is Currently Seeking Input on Additional NDE of Aerospace Composite Document Standards Needs 13

VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK

VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK VIII SEMESTER ME 6019-NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING AND MATERIALS Regulation 2013 Academic