Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd PRODUCT APPRAISAL REPORT No 1213 Issue 2

Transcription

1 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 1 Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd PRODUCT APPRAISAL REPORT No 1213 Issue Products - Detectable and Non-detectable Marker Tapes AS/NZS :1995 Underground marking tape - Nondetectable tape Publication Date: 6 April 2017

2 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 2 Document History The following information indicates the changes made to this document. Date Version File Location 23/08/2013 Client Review 6/11/2013 Peer Review 6/12/2013 Publication Version 6/4/2017 Issue 2 Published E:\Rainwater haversting\pa Rain Havestering Non-detable and decteable marker tape docx U:\PP1 Industry Performance and Regulation\PP1-012 Product Appraisals\Civil Asset Infrastructure\2012\PA 1213 Rain Water Harvesting Pty Ltd - Marker Tape\Final\PA Rain Havestering Non-detable and decteable marker tape Final.docx U:\PP1 Industry Performance and Regulation\PP1-012 Product Appraisals\Civil Asset Infrastructure\2012\New folder (2)\PA 1213 Issue 2 Rain Havestering Non-detable and decteable marker tape docx Peer Reviewers Name/Title Organisation Date Mohamed Yoosuf, Senior Engineer, Standards Standards & Design, Engineering Dept Dayong Li, Senior Engineer Standards Integrated Planning and Standards, Operations - Planning City West Water 28/11/2013 QUU 29/11/2013 Adam Glasson Goulburn Valley Water 29/11/2013 Carl Radford, Product Appraisal Manager WSAA 7/11/2013 Peter Pittard, WSAA Contractor WSAA 31/3/2017 Carl Radford, Product Appraisal Manager WSAA 6/04/2017 Approvals Name/Title Signature Date Carl Radford, Product Appraisal Manager Carl Radford 6/12/2013 Carl Radford, Product Appraisal Manager Carl Radford 6/4/2017

3 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 3 Overview of WSAA The Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA) is the peak industry body representing the urban water industry. Our members provide water and sewerage services to over 20 million customers in Australia and New Zealand and many of Australia's largest industrial and commercial enterprises. Based around our vision of 'customer driven, enriching life', WSAA facilitates collaboration, knowledge sharing, networking and cooperation within the urban water industry. We are proud of the collegiate attitude of our members which has led to industry-wide approaches to national water issues. WSAA can demonstrate success in the standardisation of industry performance monitoring and benchmarking, as well as many research outcomes of national significance. The WSAA Executive retains strong links with policy makers and legislative bodies and their influencers, to monitor emerging issues of importance to the urban water industry. WSAA was formed in 1995 as a non-profit organisation to foster the exchange of information between industry, government and the community, and to promote sustainable water resource management. The urban water industry is committed to anchoring its services to customers' values, and to enrich communities where water services have broad economic, environmental and social values. In line with this our main activities focus on four areas: 1. influencing national and state policies on the provision of urban water services and sustainable water resource management 2. promoting debate on environmentally sustainable development and management of water resources and the community health requirements of public water supplies 3. improving industry performance and establishing benchmarks and industry leading practices for water service processes; and 4. fostering the exchange of information on education, training, research, water and wastewater management and treatment and other matters of common interest. Copyright This document is copyrighted. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of the Water Services Association of Australia Limited. Copyright 2017 by WATER SERVICES ASSOCIATION of Australia Limited All rights reserved.

4 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 4 CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Recommendation THE APPLICANT/SUPPLIER Supply Agent The Manufacturer THE PRODUCT Detectable Underground Tapes Non-Detectable Underground Tapes SCOPE OF THE APPRAISAL APPRAISAL CRITERIA Quality Assurance Requirements Performance Requirements COMPLIANCE WITH APPRAISAL CRITERIA Compliance with Quality Assurance Requirements Distributor Compliance with Performance Requirements Laboratory Performance Tests Tape Elongation at Breakage Tear resistance Impact resistance Chemical resistance Chemical resistance - Background discolouration Chemical resistance Adhesion of print Tape Elongation before Tracer Wire Breakage Detectability Tests Compliance with other requirements Tape Width Tape Colour Warning Message Tape and Tracer Wire Material FITTING INSTRUCTIONS, TRAINING AND INSTALLATION PRODUCT MARKING PACKAGING AND DELIVERY PRODUCT WARRANTY WATER AGENCY EXPERIENCE WITH THE PRODUCT OR FIELD TESTING REPORT DISCUSSION SUMMARY FUTURE WORKS DISCLAIMER Issue of Report Limits on Reliance on Information and Recommendations Disclaimer of liability Need for independent assessment No Updating No Warranty... 21

5 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 5 APPENDIX A - TECHNICAL MANUALS BROCHURES APPENDIX B - QUALITY CERTIFICATIONS APPENDIX C - PRODUCT SPECIFICATION APPENDIX D PRODUCT SCHEDULE APPENDIX E - SUPPLIER CONTACTS APPENDIX F NATA LABORATORY TEST RESULTS APPENDIX G UNDERGROUND SERVICE IDENTIFICATION COLOUR... 36

6 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Issue 2 is to include test results relating to a change in manufacturing methods for the 421 Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape. The revised manufacturing method involves an alternative technique to weave an S shaped stainless-steel tracer wire into the tape using a plastic laminate adhesive. This Issue also updates quality assurance and supporting documentation and closes out Future Work items contained in the original report. The scope of this appraisal applies to the Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd 421 Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape, Underground Non-Detectable Tape, Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape and Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable Tape. Non-detectable underground tapes are manufactured to comply with Australian Standard AS/NZS :2005 Underground marking tape - Non-detectable, including additional requirements specified in WSAA Product Specification WSA PS 319. Marking Tape, Non- Detectable. AS/NZS :2005 currently only covers non-detectable marker tapes. In order to evaluate and appraise the 421 Tracer Wire Underground tape WSAA has adopted the Product Specification WSA PS 318. Marking Tape, Detectable as a basis for its assessment criteria. 421 was established in 1997 and acquired by Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd in March Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd is an Australian owned business involved in the design, fabrication and wholesale of plastic accessories for rain water tanks and water systems, including, plumbing accessories, filters, valves, gauges and guttermesh. The 421 Products range includes: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Standard and Custom Printed Pipemarkers. Detectable, Non-Detectable Underground and Barricade Tapes. Tube Sleeving. Rain and Recycled Water Products & Associated Signage. Full range of Mandatory, Warning, Prohibition, Safety, Danger and Customised Signs designed and printed to your requirements IN-HOUSE. The 421 Product marker tapes are manufactured in China through a Supply Agent. The performance properties required of 421 underground detectable warning tape are: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) Plastic tape elongation ability. Plastic tape tear resistance. Plastic tape impact resistance. Chemical resistance of the plastic tape s elongation properties, colour and message print. Corrosion resistance of the tracer wire. Detectability of tracer wire in the tape. (vii) Tracer wire elongation ability. The first three properties define the tape durability, required to resist disturbance/pulling by excavation equipment or soil probing. The next two properties are for resistance to aggressive ground conditions. The tracer wire limits the elongation ability of detectable tape. Performance tests for the plastic tape properties listed above are given in AS/NZS Recommendation It is recommended that WSAA members accept or authorise 421 Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape, Underground Non-Detectable Tape, Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape and Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable Tape as detailed in this

7 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 7 report, for use in water supply and sewer mains installation, provided installation is in accordance with relevant WSAA Codes and the manufacturer s requirements. 2 THE APPLICANT/SUPPLIER Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd is an Australian owned business established in Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd holds an ISO 9001:2008 quality management system, Certificate No QEC30051, issued by SAI Global. The scope of their certification covers design, fabrication and wholesale of plastic accessories for rain water tanks and water systems, including, plumbing accessories, filters, valves, gauges and guttermesh. In March 2010, Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd acquired 421. The 421 Products range includes: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Standard and Custom Printed Pipemarkers. Detectable, Non-Detectable Underground and Barricade Tapes. Tube Sleeving. Rain and Recycled Water Products & Associated Signage. Full range of Mandatory, Warning, Prohibition, Safety, Danger and Customised Signs designed and printed to your requirements IN-HOUSE. 421 offers four underground tape variants with different tape colours and warning messages available. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape. Underground Non-Detectable Tape. Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape. Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable Tape. The 421 underground marker tapes are manufactured in China through a Supply Agent. 2.2 Supply Agent The Supply Agent has a supply agreement with Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd for the supply of the 421 range of underground warning tapes. 2.3 The Manufacturer Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd imports its range of underground warning tape systems through its supply agent in China. All underground warning tape systems, produced by the Supply Agent sub-contractor are manufactured to Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd specifications, in accordance with AS/NZS All measurements, testing, assessment, finishing and inspections are carried out in accordance with the supply agreement. WSAA requested that the supply agreement be amended to include prior notification and agreement from Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd before changing the manufacturer of 421 underground warning tape systems, covered by this appraisal. 3 THE PRODUCT Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd supplies the following detectable and non-detectable underground warning tapes. Refer to Table 1.

8 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 8 TABLE UNDERGROUND WARNING TAPE RANGE Figure Model No Product Description 1 (UT3012) Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape 2 (UT081) Underground Non-Detectable Tape 3 (UT0007) Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape 4 (UT088) Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable Tape FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 TRACER WIRE UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND NON-DETECTABLE DETECTABLE TAPE (UT3012) TAPE (UT081) FIGURE 3 FIGURE 4 CAUTION MESH UNDERGROUND CAUTION MESH UNDERGROUND DETECTABLE TAPE (UT0007) NON-DETECTABLE TAPE (UT088)

9 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue Detectable Underground Tapes A detectable underground warning tape enables the route of a non-metallic pipeline to be established by means of detecting equipment, operated from the surface above the pipe, without excavation. When the tape is uncovered, identification of the type of pipeline is achieved by way of the tape colour and tape message. The detectable underground tracer wire tape or caution mesh is laid along the pipe embedment and attached to metal surface fittings to provide connection points for locating devices. Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd 421 offers two types of detectable underground warning tapes: (a) (b) Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape Tracer Wire adjacent lengths need a secure connection. This can be achieved through crimping or soldering together. If these methods are not available, an alternate method is to secure a knot between the adjacent lengths of wire. Rain Harvesting claims that 421 can be accurately depth tested and traced using locating instruments. The warning message marked on the top layer of polyethylene tape is set at intervals of 600mm (depending on word length) with 85 mm spacing between repeats. An example of a message for a water main is DANGER BURIED WATER MAIN BELOW. The message is in black lettering, 40 mm high for 100 mm wide tape and 65 mm high for 150 mm wide tape. 421 Tracer Wire Underground Tape, manufactured from Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE), is 100 mm wide and between µm thick. The manufacturing method involves a technique to weave an S shaped 0.7mm diameter Grade 316 stainless-steel tracer wire into the tape using a plastic laminate. The Tracer Wire Underground Detectable tape is supplied in rolls of 250 metres. The Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape is a 200 mm wide grid mesh manufactured from LLDPE with a 100 mm wide detectable tape, detailing the danger message, framed in the plastic mesh. The detectable tape is woven with a 0.7 mm diameter Grade 316 stainless steel tracer wire. The Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape is supplied in rolls of 100 metres. 3.2 Non-Detectable Underground Tapes The purpose of the non-detectable tape is to provide a visual warning to the excavator operators and/or their spotters of the presence of a service line buried further below in the ground. The Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable tape is manufactured in the same way as the Caution Mesh Detectable tape, without the stainless-steel tracer wire. (Refer to Figure 2). The Non-Detectable Underground Tape, consists of a plastic tape manufactured using Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE). The tape width is 100 mm or 150 mm wide, it comes in a roll (100m or 250m standard length) and is between µm thick. The warning message marked on the top layer of polyethylene tape is set at intervals of 600 mm with 90 mm between repeats. An example of the warning message marked tape is shown below: An example of a message for a water main is DANGER BURIED WATER MAIN BELOW. The message is in black lettering of minimum 40 mm height.

10 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 10 The film surface that is being printed on has been corona treated for good adhesion of print. 4 SCOPE OF THE APPRAIS AL The scope of this appraisal applies to the Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd 421 Underground Non- Detectable Tape, Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape, Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape and Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable Tape 421 non-detectable underground tapes are manufactured to comply with Australian Standard AS/NZS :2005 and WSAA Product Specification WSA PS Underground Detectable tapes are manufactured to comply with WSAA Product Specification WSA PS APPRAISAL CRITERIA 5.1 Quality Assurance Requirements The WSAA Product Appraisal Network accepts detectable and non-detectable underground warning tapes manufactured in compliance with AS/NZS :1995 and duly certified by means of an ISO Type 5 product certification scheme undertaken by a JAS-ANZ accredited Conformity Assessment Body (CAB) or by an international accreditation system recognised by JAS-ANZ. The manufacturer is generally expected to have a production management and control system that has been duly accredited in accordance with AS/NZS ISO 9001 as a prerequisite to undergoing a product certification audit 5.2 Performance Requirements The 421 range of detectable and non-detectable underground marking tapes has been appraised for compliance with: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) AS/NZS :1995 Underground marking tape, Part 1: Non-detectable tape. WSAA Product Specifications WSA PS-318 and WSA PS-319. Compliance to material, warning message and tape colour requirements not covered in AS/NZS or WSAA Codes, but covered in Water Agencies specifications. Tape elongation before tracer wire breakage. Proof of detectability of the tape as determined by field testing. Australian Standard AS/NZS applies to non-detectable tape only. Requirements applicable to detectable tape are based WSAA Product Specification WSA PS-318, and the Construction Parts of WSA and WSA Appraisal criteria are also determined by the WSAA Infrastructure Products and Materials Network and regularly reviewed to ensure that the criteria reflect the requirements of WSAA members. Copies of the above Product Specifications can be found in Appendix C or downloaded from the WSAA website. 6 COMPLIANCE WITH APPRAISAL CRITERIA 6.1 Compliance with Quality Assurance Requirements Distributor Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd is a Quality Endorsed Company and holds ISO 9001:2008 Certificate of Registration No. QEC for the design, fabrication and wholesale of plastic accessories for rain water tanks and water systems, including, plumbing accessories, filters, valves, gauges and guttermesh.

11 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 11 The Supply Agent subcontracts the manufacturing process to an unspecified manufacturing plant in China. WSAA has been advised that the particulars of the manufacturing plant producing the 421 range of underground warning tapes remains commercial- in confidence. The Australian standard for underground warning tapes, AS/NZS 2648:1995 currently consists of only one part for non-detectable tape. 421 underground warning tapes do not have product certification to AS/NZS 2648:1995. For the production of 421, Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd was required to provide documented evidence to demonstrate compliance with Type 1 ISO product certification that requires type tests of a sample product to verify the critical performance attributes specified in the Standard. The Type 1 product certification is the simplest and most limited form of independent certification of product compliance. Manufacturing quality control is not considered and re-testing is only required when there is a design change, material change or change in manufacturing. The objective is to demonstrate that the manufacturer can demonstrate compliance with the performance requirements specified in Section Compliance with Performance Requirements Laboratory Performance Tests The preface to AS/NZS states, In order for this system to be successful, the tape when struck by digging equipment, does not tear easily and remains in the ground unnoticed; instead it is able to be stretched and be brought to the surface. The tape, tracer wire and any colouring/lettering need to be durable and resist various ground conditions causing degradation and corrosion. In terms of testing requirements considerable importance is placed on the properties of (a) (b) (c) (d) elongation at break; tear resistance; impact resistance; and chemical resistance to background discolouration, adhesion of print and deterioration of elongation properties. The performance specifications of underground warning tape are specified in AS/NZS SGS-CSTC Standards Technical Services Co., Ltd located in Shanghai China and Australian National Testing Laboratories (ANTL) in Rocklea Queensland Australia, undertook laboratory testing of various samples of the 421 underground warning tapes. All 421 products covered by the scope of this appraisal satisfy all the requirements of the laboratory tests specified in AS/NZS Tape Elongation at Breakage Clause 9.1 of AS/NZS :1995 and AS/NZS : Method 1 Elongation at Break AS/NZS : Method 1 Elongation at Break sets out a method for determining the elongation at break of underground marker tape. The standard requires ten test specimens from each sample of marking tape; five in the longitudinal direction and five in the transverse direction to be tested in accordance with AS/NZS : Method 1 Elongation at Break. Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd has provided test results from the following samples of the Detectable and Non-Detectable Underground Tape. A summary of the test results taken from ANTL Test Report No and No is summarised in Appendix F Table F1. In addition Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd has also provided test results from two samples of the Non-Detectable Underground Tape. A summary of the test results taken from SGS Test Report, No SHMR is summarised in Appendix F Table F2.

12 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 12 ANTL Test Reports No , No and SGS Test Report No SHMR all conclude that the samples when tested in accordance with AS/NZS : Method 1 Elongation at Break, exceeded the following values for mean elongation at break as specified in AS/NZS (a) Longitudinal direction 300% (b) Transverse direction 350% Tear resistance Clause 9.2 of AS/NZS :1995 and AS/NZS : Method 2 Tear Resistance AS/NZS : Method 2 Tear Resistance sets out a method for determining the tear resistance of underground marker tape. Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd has provided 5 test results from one sample of the Detectable Caution Mesh. A summary of the test results taken from ANTL Test Report, No is summarised in Appendix F Table F3. In addition, Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd has also provided test results from two samples of the Non-Detectable Underground Tape compiled by SGS-CSTC Standards Technical Services Co. A summary of the test results taken from The SGS Test Report, No SHMR is summarised in Appendix F Table F4. ANTL Test Reports No # , No # and SGS Test Report, No SHMR all conclude that the samples when tested in accordance with AS/NZS exceed the following values for tear resistance of the tape as specified in AS/NZS (a) Longitudinal direction 3.0 N. (b) Transverse direction 3.5 N Impact resistance Clause 9.3 of AS/NZS :1995 and AS/NZS :1995 Methods of testing underground marking tape Impact resistance Australian Standard AS/NZS :1995 sets out a test method for determining impact resistance of underground marker tape. When tested in accordance with AS/NZS the tape shall withstand penetration by means of a falling dart (hemispherical head of radius) of mass ,-0 g from a height on 600 mm. The Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape was tested for impact resistance in accordance with AS/NZS by ANTL. ANTL Test Report, No claims the Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape withstands penetration, when subjected to this impact resistance test. The Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape was also tested by ANTL. Test Report No confirms compliance with AS/NZS Refer to Table Appendix F Table F5 for results. The impact resistance test was not conducted on the non-detectable tapes as they are the same as the detectable tapes in terms of impact resistance Chemical resistance Clause 9.4 of AS/NZS :1995 and AS/NZS : Method 4 Chemical Resistance AS/NZS : Method 4 Chemical resistance sets out a method for determining the chemical resistance of underground marker tape.

13 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 13 Test specimens from 421 underground warning tapes were immersed in reagents listed in Table 2. Each test specimen was immersed in different reagents for a specified period and tested in accordance with Clause 9.4 of AS/NZS : Method 4 Chemical Resistance. The test specimens included the following 421 product range: (a) (b) (c) (d) Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape. Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable Tape. Non-Detectable Underground Tape. Tracer Wire Underground Tape. TABLE 2 REAGENTS Group Group 1 Reagents Diesel Oil Group 2 Sulphuric Acid (dilute solution adjusted to ph 1) Group 3 Hydrochloric Acid (dilute solution adjusted to ph 1) Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Ammonia hydroxide (ph-11) Saturated solution of sodium nitrate Hydrogen sulphide gas (undiluted) Following immersion, each test specimen was inspected and allocated a discolouration scale, printing removal was observed and recorded (Refer to Sections and ). The test specimens were then tested to determine the mean elongation at break (longitudinal) and mean elongation at break (transverse). Refer to Tables 3 and 4 for deterioration of elongation properties at break test. The deterioration of elongation properties are considerably less than values specified in Clause 9.4 AS/NZS Chemical resistance - Background discolouration Clause 9.4 of AS/NZS :1995 and AS/NZS : Methods of testing underground marking tape Background discolouration ANTL Test Reports No and No detected no change in background colour, following immersion of the tape specimens in reagents listed in Table 2. A rating of 5 was given to each test specimen listed in Table 2 because there was no perceived difference between the tested specimen and the original tape. ANTL Test Report, No and No detected no change in background colour following immersion in test reagents listed in Table Chemical resistance Adhesion of print. Clause 9.4 of AS/NZS :1995 and AS/NZS : Methods of testing underground marking tape Adhesion of print When determined in accordance with AS/NZS , no more than 10% of the area of the printing shall be removed. Following immersion of the tape specimens in reagents listed in Table 2, each tape specimen was tested for adhesion of print in accordance with AS/NZS ANTL Test Report No and No indicated no loss of printing.

14 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 14 TABLE 3 AS/NZS :1995 METHOD 1: ELONGATION AT BREAK Product Description / Test Specimen Deterioration of Elongation Properties at break (Mean) % ANTL Test Report, No and Longitudinal Reagents Transverse Reagents Caution Mesh Underground Detectable (UT00007) Caution Mesh Underground Non Detectable Tape (UT088) Non Detectable Underground Tape (UT081) Tracer Wire Underground Tape (UT3012) Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group NOTES: 1 The minimum requirement of not less than 240% for Longitudinal and not less than 280% for Transverse. 2 Refer to Table 6 for List of Reagents corresponding to Test Specimen

15 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 15 TABLE 4 AS/NZS :1995 METHOD 1: ELONGATION AT BREAK Product Description / Test Specimen Deterioration of Elongation Properties at break (Mean) % Longitudinal Transverse Group 4 Reagents Note 3 Group 4 Reagent Note 3 Non Detectable Underground Tape. (UT081) Non Detectable Underground Tape. (UT081) NOTES: 1 The minimum requirement of not less than 240% for Longitudinal and not less than 280% for Transverse. 2 Group 4 Reagent Refer to ⁰C, 168h Immerse in Ammonia hydroxide (ph-11) 3 The above results were taken from SGS Test Report, No SHMR Tape Elongation before Tracer Wire Breakage WSA PS-318 Clause (d) The tracer wire will undergo some strain elongation before breakage. Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd claims a 33% elongation of the plastic tape before the breakage of the tracer wire Detectability Tests The detectable tracer wire tape and caution mesh tape were found to be detectable. A metal detector was used during the test and confirmed the tapes detection properties. 6.3 Compliance with other requirements Tape Width Clause 5 AS/NZS Tape Width, WSA PS-318 Clause (b) and WSA PS 319 Clause (b) AS/NZS specifies a minimum nominal width of 75 mm with a preferred nominal width of 100 mm and 150 mm. WSAA Product Specifications WSA PS-318 and WSA PS-319 specify the tape width shall be 100 mm minimum. 421 Products comply with that requirement. Refer to Table 5. TABLE MARKER TAPE WIDTHS Figure Product Description With 1 Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape 2 Caution Mesh Underground Non Detectable Tape (mm) Minimum width in AS/NZS (mm) 75 Results Complie s 75 Complies 3 Non Detectable Underground Tape 100 or Complies 4 Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape 100 or Complies Tape Colour Clause 5 AS/NZS Tape Colour, WSA PS-318 Clause and WSA PS-319 Clause 319.4

16 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 16 The background colour of tape used in marking buried water utility network infrastructure is shown in Table 6. The tape colours specified and available in Table 6 reflect the agreed position adopted by all utilities that attended the Infrastructure Products and Materials Workshop in Adelaide on the 6-7 December TABLE 6 MARKING TAPE COLOUR Application 421 Tape Colour WSAA Codes (detectable and nondetectable) AS/NZS (non-detectable) Tape colour Preferred colour Tape colour AS 2700 Sewerage Cream Cream Cream Cream Y34 Drinking Water (Potable Water) Non-Drinking Water (e.g. Recycled Water) Blue Blue Green Jade G21 Purple Purple Purple Violet P13 Fire fighting main Red Not specified Red Signal Red R13 A summary of WSAA colour identification measures for reticulation water mains and sewers is given in Appendix G Tables G1 and G2. In the context of pipeline colours and identification there are a number of Product Standards referenced. Product Standards in some cases nominate colours or colour options. WSAA has a suite of Product Specifications that nominate these relevant Australian and international standards or different pipe systems. WSAA Codes also address pipeline identification by requiring such pipes to be identified by other means when installed e.g. marking tape, sleeving etc. Refer to Appendix G. SEQ Water Service Providers, Melbourne Retail Water Agencies and Sydney Water requirements follow WSAA Product Specifications, Codes and Australian Standards in terms of pipe colours and identification. Generally they are: (a) (b) (c) (d) blue for drinking water; grey/light grey for gravity sewers; purple for non-drinking water; cream for pressure sewers. Additionally, where restrained jointing systems are used for pipelines, an additional tape of pink coloured polyethylene shall be affixed to the pipe sections concerned at not less than 3 m centres. The tape is to be 100 mm wide with the inscription WARNING RESTRAINED PIPELINE USE RESTRAINED FITTINGS ONLY For the purposes of this appraisal the colours specified by WSAA in the first instance, and AS/NZS in the second instance will be taken as the colour to comply with Warning Message Clause 10 AS/NZS Marking, WSA PS-318 and WSA PS-319 AS/NZS specifies that the warning message shall be vertical block, full stroke, black lettering with the message being repeated at 1 m intervals. AS/NZS also specifies a minimum height of 25 mm for message lettering. WSAA Product Specifications WSA PS-318 and WSA PS-319 specify the height of the message letters shall be 40 mm. The warning message on 421 complies with all these requirements. AS/NZS does not specify exact wording but requires the service be identified and a warning provided.

17 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 17 WSAA Purchase Specifications WSA PS-319 and WSA PS-318 specify that the message for detectable tape be CAUTION.. BURIED BELOW where.. is either SEWER MAIN, WATER MAIN or RECYCLED WATER MAIN. Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd chose danger instead of caution because of its more alarming meaning. Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd put buried before... main instead of after which does not alter any meaning of the message. Messages on 421 tapes for all uses are given in Appendix A. 421 tape messages, although not conforming exactly to WSAA specifications are considered acceptable Tape and Tracer Wire Material AS/NZS , WSAA Product Specifications WSA PS-319, WSA PS-318 and the WSAA Codes do not specify the tape material. The 421 tape supplied by Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd is linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). The chemical composition of the stainless steel grade 316 used as the tracer wire in the above products complies with the material grade nominated in WSA PS-318. Refer to Table 7. TABLE 7 - CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE STAINLESS STEEL GRADE 316 Grade C% Mn% Si% P% S% Cr% Ni% Mo% N% Result Requirement An Inspection Certificate and Letters of Compliance (LOC s) for material grade of Stainless Steel have been supplied. Refer to Appendix F. The principal requirements of buried detectable tape materials are corrosion resistance in aggressive ground and toughness. Polyethylene has excellent chemical resistance, being resistant to strong acids, bases and salts. Inorganic acids such as nitric and sulphuric will attack polyethylene when concentrated. Linear low density PE provides higher flexibility, elongation capacity and impact strength than medium and high density PEs. The LLDPE tape s chemical resistance and toughness has been proven to the requirements for underground tape in AS/NZS Grade 316 stainless steel is specified in other buried applications where a metal having exceptional corrosion resistance is required, e.g. pipe sleeves, valve components. 421 materials are deemed to comply with the requirements for materials specifications in the above standards. Tracer wire elongation capacity was tested. The results are included in Appendix F Table F1. 7 FITTING INSTRUCTIONS, TRAINING AND INSTALLATION WSA Clause provides guidelines for installation of detectable tape in sewer installations. WSA Clause provides guidelines for installation of detectable tape in water main installations. Rain Harvesting has provided installation instructions. Refer Appendix A. 421 does not provide operation instructions and training relating to the operation of detection devices and any equipment applying a signal to the wire. The manufacturers of this equipment should provide these instructions.

18 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue PRODUCT MARKING Other than the tape message there are no markings on the tape. A barcode with description is applied to the inside core of the tape roll. Refer to Figure 6. AS/NZS does not specify any quality assurance markings; it only specifies the tape message requirements. 9 PACKAGING AND DELIVERY The tape is wound around a recycled plastic reel (internal dimension 70 mm) which has outer cardboard flanges attached to protect the roll of tape from damage. The end of the tape roll is secured by tying the end of the tape through a hole on the cardboard flange. Rolls are packaged individually in a cardboard box. Rolls of tape up to 500 m continuous length can be provided. FIGURE 6 PACKAGING FOR DETECTABLE UNDERGROUND TAPE 10 PRODUCT WARRANTY The products are covered by the normal commercial and legal requirements of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth), which covers manufacture to the relevant standard, and details of Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd warranty is included in their terms and conditions of sale. Additional warranties may be negotiated on a project specific basis. 11 WATER AGENCY EXPERIENCE WITH THE PRODUCT OR FIELD TESTING REPORT Underground marker tapes are generally supplied to installation contractors via the reseller network. Rain Harvesting has been unable to obtain a willingness for Water Agencies to conduct field testing. Rain Harvesting has advised that consistent sales have been encountered since the publication of this original appraisal report. 12 DISCUSSION The principal means of identification for water supply and sewer mains includes one or more of the following: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Pipes of specific colours. Identification printed on pipes and/or sleeving. Use of marking tapes Marking of surface fittings Identification markers and marker posts.

19 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 19 The WSAA Codes require the Designer to specify on the Project Drawings the type of marker tape to be installed for all new water mains and sewers including property services. The Design Drawings and Specifications shall include a typical section view of where it is to be laid and how it is to be fixed at chambers, pits, surface fittings and the like. The Design Drawings and Specifications shall also detail how the marking tape is to be joined. 13 SUMMARY The following summarises the findings of this appraisal: WSAA members need to be aware that (a) (b) Crimps and crimping tools are not supplied by Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd. Rain Harvesting Pty Ltd does not provide any instructions how to join tracer wire ends of successive tape lengths. Detectable tapes may not be able to be detected due to one or more of the following conditions: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) ground type lack of moisture in the ground/water table below the tape the depth the tape is laid the detection equipment used for detection the method of detection intended to be used (induction, induction clamp or direct connection methods) the skill of the detection equipment operator The quality assurance requirements of the WSAA product appraisal network applicable to detectable and non-detectable warning tape were satisfied. The performance requirements of AS/NZS 2648 were satisfied. The requirements in AS/NZS were found to be equally applicable to the nondetectable components of detectable tape. However, the AS/NZS specified tape elongation of 300% minimum is overridden by the requirement of the tracer wire elongation of minimum 25% specified in WSA PS 318. Although greater than 25% elongation of the tracer wire is advantageous in avoiding breakage, it is not known whether this will be sufficient to prevent breakage of the tape in circumstances where an excavator bucket snags and pulls up the tape. It will obviously depend on how far the tape is pulled up, the length of tape the overlying soil is removed from and the ability of the tracer wire to stretch where soil still partially or fully covers the tape on either side of where it is pulled up. Given that AS/NZS requires 300% elongation capacity for non-detectable tapes, 421 detectable tapes have a relatively substantial disadvantage over non-detectable tapes, due to the limitation of the tracer wire elongation capacity. The requirements of WSAA Purchase Specifications WSA PS-318, WSA-319 and WSAA Water Supply and Sewerage Codes have been satisfied. 421 messages printed on the polyethylene tape uses the word DANGER instead of CAUTION, however danger is considered acceptable. 14 FUTURE WORKS No future works are required

20 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue DISCLAIMER This Product Appraisal Report (Report) is issued by the Water Services Association of Australia Limited on the understanding that: This Report applies to the product(s) as submitted. Any changes to the product(s) either minor or major shall void this Report. To maintain the recommendations of this Report any such changes shall be detailed and notified to the Product Appraisal Manager for consideration and review of the Report and appropriate action. Appraisals and their recommendations will be the subject of continuous review dependent upon the satisfactory performance of products. WSAA reserves the right to undertake random audits of product manufacture and installation. Where products fail to maintain appraised performance requirements the appraisal and its recommendations may be modified and reissued. Appraisal reports will be reviewed and reissued at regular intervals not exceeding five (5) years. The following information explains a number of very important limits on your ability to rely on the information in this Report. Please read it carefully and take it into account when considering the contents of this Report. Any enquiries regarding this report should be directed to the Program Manager, Carl Radford, Phone: carl.radford@wsaa.asn.au Issue of Report This Report has been published and/or prepared by the Water Services Association of Australia Limited and nominated Project Manager and peer group of technical specialists (the Publishers). The Report has been prepared for use within Australia only by technical specialists that have expertise in the function of products such as those appraised in the Report (the Recipients). By accepting this Report, the Recipient acknowledges and represents to the Publisher(s) and each person involved in the preparation of the Report that the Recipient has understood and accepted the terms of this Disclaimer Limits on Reliance on Information and Recommendations Disclaimer of liability Neither the Publisher(s) nor any person involved in the preparation of the Report accept(s) any liability for any loss or damage suffered by any person however caused (including negligence or the omission by any person to do anything) relating in any way to the Report or the product appraisal criteria underlying it. This includes (without limitation) any lia bility for any recommendation or information in the Report or any errors or omissions Intellectual Property and other rights The Water Services Association of Australia Limited does not undertake any assessment of whether the importation, manufacture, sale or use of the Product the subject of this Report infringes the intellectual property rights or proprietary rights of any person. Recipients of the report should undertake their own assessment of whether (as relevant) the importation, manufacture, sale or use of the relevant Products infringe the intellectual property rights or other proprietary rights of any person. If the Product infringes intellectual property rights or other proprietary rights there is potential for the supply of the Products to be interrupted. From time to time the Water Services Association of Australia Limited and the other Publishers may receive notice of allegations that the importation, manufacture, sale or use of the Product infringes intellectual property rights or other proprietary rights. The Water Services Association of Australia Limited's policy is to not refer to such allegations in its reports or take any other steps to put Recipients on notice of such allegations, unless and

21 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 21 until it is aware that the allegations have been admitted or proved in Court. As such, Recipients acknowledge, agree and accept that the Water Services Association of Australia Limited may have information in its possession about intellectual property rights infringement allegations or other infringement allegations in relation to the Product which are not referred to or disclosed in this Report and which are not otherwise communicated to Recipients Need for independent assessment The information and any recommendation contained (expressly or by implication) in this Report are provided in good faith (subject to the limitations noted in this Report). However, you should treat the information as indicative only. You should not rely on that information or any such recommendation except to the extent that you reach an agreement to the contrary with the Publisher(s). This Report does not contain all information that a person might require for the purposes of assessing any product discussed or appraised within it (Product). The product appraisal criteria used in preparing this Report may not address all relevant aspects of the Product. Recipients should seek independent evidence of any matter which is material to their decisions in connection with an assessment of the Product and consult their own advisers for any technical information required. Any decision to use the Product should take into account the reliability of that independent evidence obtained by the Recipient regarding the Product. Recipients should also independently verify and assess the appropriateness of any recommendation in the Report, especially given that any recommendation will not take into account a Recipient s particular needs or circumstances. WSAA has not evaluated the extent of the product liability and professional indemnify insurance that the provider of the product maintains. Recipients should ensure that they evaluate the allocation of liability for product defects and any professional advice obtained in relation to the product or its specification including the requirements for product liability and professional indemnity insurance No Updating Neither the Publisher(s) nor any person involved in the preparation of this Report [has] [have] any obligation to notify you of any change in the information contained in this Report or of any new information concerning the Publisher(s) or the Product or any other matter No Warranty The Publisher(s) do[es] not, in any way, warrant that steps have been taken to verify or audit the accuracy or completeness of the information in this Report, or the accuracy, completeness or reasonableness of any recommendation in this Report.

22 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 22 APPENDIX A - TECHNICAL MANUALS BROCHURES Copies of the following technical manuals are available for downloading from the WSAA Members Website or the Supplier website. Tracer Wire Underground Tape Non-detectable Underground Tape Caution Mesh Underground Tape Installation Instructions

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27 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 27 APPENDIX B - QUALITY CERTIFICATIONS Copies of the following Quality Certification Certificates are available for downloading from the WSAA Members Website. TABLE B1 RAIN HARVESTING PTY LTD MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Applicant s Business Reginald Street, Rocklea, Brisbane QLD 4106, Australia 91 Sandgate Road Albion QLD 4010, Australia Quality Systems Standard ISO 9001 Certification licence no. Certifying agency QEC30051 SAI Global First date of certification 4 March 2013 Current date of certification* 21 January 2016 Expiry date of certification** 14 September 2018

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29 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 29 APPENDIX C - PRODUCT SPECIFICATION

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31 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 31 APPENDIX D PRODUCT SCHEDULE TABLE D1 421 PRODUCT SCHEDULE Product Description Tracer Wire Underground Detectable Tape Underground Non-Detectable Tape Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable Tape

32 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 32 APPENDIX E - SUPPLIER CONTACTS 421 Products Factory Location: Reginald Street, Rocklea, Brisbane QLD 4106, Australia Postal Address: PO Box 3200, Newstead QLD 4006, Australia Tel: (TOLL FREE ) Fax:

33 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 33 APPENDIX F NATA LABORATORY TEST RESULTS TABLE F1 ELONGATION AT BREAK Test Specimen ANTL Test Report Nos and Result % Pass/Fail Caution Mesh Underground Non Detectable Tape (UT088) Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape (UT0007) Non-Detectable Underground Tape. (UT081) Tracer Wire Underground Tape (UT3012) Longitudinal Pass Transverse Pass Longitudinal Pass Transverse Pass Tracer Wire Pass Longitudinal Pass Transverse Pass Longitudinal Pass Transverse Pass Tracer Wire Pass TABLE F2 ELONGATION AT BREAK Test Specimen SGS Test Report, No SHMR Result % Pass/Fail Non-Detectable Underground Tape (UT081) Non-Detectable Underground Tape (UT081) Longitudinal 864% Pass Transverse 989% Pass Longitudinal 636% Pass Transverse 832% Pass TABLE F3 TEAR RESISTANCE Test Specimen ANTL Test Report Nos and Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape (UT00007) Specimen Average Thickness: 2.63 mm (260µm) No of Specimens: 5 Minimum value of 5 Average Tear-propagation determinations 7.3 N Minimum value of 5 Average Tear-propagation determinations 8.15 N Caution Mesh Underground Non-Detectable Tape (UT088) Pass/Fail Pass Not Tested

34 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 34 Non-Detectable Underground Tape (UT081) Specimen Average Thickness: mm (125µm) No of Specimens: 5 Minimum value of 5 Average Tear-propagation determinations 6.5 N Minimum value of 5 Average Tear-propagation determinations 7.6 N Tracer Wire Underground Tape (UT3012) Specimen Average Thickness: 0.12 mm (120µm) No of Specimens: 5 Minimum value of 5 Average Tear-propagation determinations N Minimum value of 5 Maximum Tear-propagation determinations N Pass Pass TABLE F4 TEAR RESISTANCE Test Specimen SGS Test Report, No SHMR Non-Detectable Underground Tape (UT081) Specimen Average Thickness: 0.075mm (75µm) No of Specimens: 1 Tear-propagation determinations (length) 8.79 N Tear-propagation determinations (width) 8.84 N Non-Detectable Underground Tape (UT081) Specimen Average Thickness: mm (75µm) No of Specimens: 1 Tear-propagation determinations (length) 7.15 N Tear-propagation determinations (width) 9.92 N Pass/Fail Pass Pass TABLE F5 IMPACT RESISTANCE Test Specimen ANTL Test Report No and Caution Mesh Underground Detectable Tape (UT00007) Non-Detectable Caution Mesh Tape (UT088) Non-Detectable Underground Tape (UT081) Tracer Wire Underground Tape (UT3012) Pass/Fail Pass Not Tested Not Tested Pass

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36 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 36 APPENDIX G UNDERGROUND SERVICE IDENTIFICATION COLOUR TABLE G1 COLOUR IDENTIFICATION OF COMPONENTS IN RETICULATION SEWERAGE SYSTEMS COMPONENT GRAVITY SEWERS PRESSURISED SEWERS 1 RETICULATION SEWERS DN 300 Pipe Ductile Iron Grey PE sleeving OR grey coating Cream PE sleeving OR cream coating 2 PE Plain grey OR black Plain cream PP Plain grey OR black Plain cream PVC Plain grey Plain cream VC Natural brown N/A GRP Fitting e.g. bend, junction Colour not required 3 Colour not required 3 Valve (spindle cap, handle) N/A Plain cream or cream coating Valve (body) N/A Colour not required 3 Scours (outlets) N/A Cream coating Marking tapes Plain grey Plain cream Surface fittings and surrounds Signage (marker posts, plates etc.) Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Pipe Fitting e.g. connectors, elbows PROPERTY CONNECTION SEWERS 5 PE Plain grey OR black Plain cream PP Plain grey OR black Plain cream PVC Plain grey Plain cream Colour not required 3,4 Colour not required 3,4 Valve (spindle cap, handle) N/A Plain cream or cream coating Valve (body) N/A Colour not required 3,4 Surface boxes N/A Colour not required Surface boxes (lids) N/A Note 4 NOTES: 4 Includes pressure and vacuum sewers and pressure (rising) mains. 5 Factory applied coating where permitted by the Product Specification. 6 Some Water Agencies may require colour differentiation to be provided. 7 To be coloured in accordance with Water Agency requirements. 8 Includes pressure laterals and property discharge lines.

37 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 37 TABLE G2 COLOUR DIFFERENTIATION OF DRINKING WATER AND NON-DRINKING WATER COMPONENTS IN DUAL WATER RETICULATION SYSTEMS Pipe COMPONENT DRINKING WATER SYSTEM NON-DRINKING WATER SYSTEM RETICULATION MAINS PVC Plain blue Plain purple PE Plain blue OR black + blue stripes1 Plain purple OR black + purple stripes1 Ductile Iron Blue PE sleeving OR blue coating Purple PE sleeving OR purple coating2 Fitting e.g. bend, coupling Colour not required 3,4 Colour not required 3,4 Valve (spindle cap) Blue coating Purple coating Valve (body) Colour not required 3,4 Colour not required 3,4 Hydrant (claw) Blue coating OR blue shroud Purple coating OR purple shroud Hydrant (body) Colour not required 3,4 Colour not required 3,4 Standpipe hydrants Blue coating Purple coating Scours (outlets) Blue coating Purple coating Marking tapes Blue Purple Surface fittings and surrounds Signage (marker posts, plates etc.) PROPERTY SERVICES PE Pipe Note 5 Note 5 Note 5 Note 5 Plain blue OR black + blue stripes1 Pre-tapped connector (plug) Blue coating Purple coating Plain purple OR black + purple stripes1 Pre-tapped connector (body) Colour not required 3,4 Colour not required 3,4 Tapping band or saddle Blue band or saddle Plain purple plastics (plastics moulding) or purple coating (metallic) Fittings e.g. ball valve Blue handle Plain purple handle (plastics moulding) or purple coating (metallic) Meters Blue or blue coating Plain purple plastics (plastics moulding) or purple coating (metallic) Meter risers Copper Copper pre-coated with polyethylene coloured purple Meter boxes (lids) Note 5 Note 5 NOTES: 1 It is recommended that a combination of plain and striped pipes be used in dual water reticulation systems rather than all plain or all striped pipes. 2 Factory applied coating where permitted by the Product Specification. 3 Some Water Agencies may require colour differentiation to be provided. 4 For any system, do not apply purple sleeve over a pipe, fitting, valve or other appurtenance that is coloured blue and vice versa. 5 To be coloured in accordance with Water Agency requirements.

38 WSAA Product Appraisal Report No 1213 Issue 2 38 Melbourne Office Suite 8.02 Level 8, 401 Docklands Drive Docklands VIC 3008 Phone: +61 (0) Fax: +61 (0) Sydney Office Level 11, 39 Martin Place, Sydney, NSW, 2000 GPO Box 915 Sydney NSW 2001 Phone: +61 (0) Fax +61 (0)