Mechanical Engineering and CFD analysis Department Consultancy jobs descriptions and case studies

Transcription

1 Your engineering partner Mechanical Engineering and CFD analysis Department Consultancy jobs descriptions and case studies April 2017 Ed. FEM structural analysis and seismic qualification of a power transformer Ingeciber, S.A. Av. Monforte de Lemos, Madrid. Spain Phone: C.I.F.:A info@ingeciber.com

2 INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION TO INGECIBER INTRODUCTION TO THE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS CONSULTANCY EDUCATION ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONSULTANCY JOBS DESCRIPTION & PROJECT S REFERENCE THERMAL, STRUCTURAL AND FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF A HEAT EXCHANGER. ASME VIII DIV.2 P STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF A TRUNNION VALVE IN VARIOUS OPERATION CASES SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF A DRY TRANSFORMER SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF GAS ANALYZERS SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF AN AIR VALVE SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF A VALVE ACTUATOR SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF VALVE: DUNKIRK LNG TERMINAL PLANT STATIC STRUCTURAL & LINEAR BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF AN ELEVATOR S STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF A BIG DIMENSION CIRCULAR SUPPORT BEAM VIBRATIONAL ANALYSIS OF A GAS OIL STORAGE COLUMN VIBRATIONAL ANALYSIS CRYOPLANT BUILDING ITER. FUSION FOR ENERGY ANALYSIS OF AN OFF-SHORE PLATAFORM'S BEDPLATE HELICOPTER PLATFORM WITH NONLINEAR CONTACT EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT STRUCTURAL & FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF A CONDENSER ACCORDING TO ASME VIII DIV STRUCTURAL & FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF AN INDUSTRIAL EXCHANGER FOLLOWING ASME VIII DIV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF A BUOY THAT TRANSFORMS WAVE ENERGY INTO ELECTRIC POWER INNOVATIVE NUMERICAL METHODOLOGIES FOR STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION FSI ANALYSIS OF A PROTOTYPE VESSEL FOR WASTE TREATMENT CFD STUDY OF A DRONE AIRCRAFT

3 4.21 CFD STUDY OF EXHAUST GASES IN A POWER TURBINE CFD ANALYSIS USING CFD++ OF A SEPARATOR VESSEL OF HYDROCARBONS CFD VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF A HOWELL-BUNGER VALVE INSTALLED AT A DAM FLOW AND AERATION STUDY IN A WWTP REACTOR WIND ACTION IN A WIND TURBINE FIELD WIND ACTION ON A SOLAR PLANT ANALYSIS OF WIND EFFECT ON AN HELIOSTAT CFD STUDY OF CHANNELING INFRASTRUCTURE CFD STUDY OF A STORAGE AND PUMPING POOL ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF AN EXPLOSION'S EXPANSIVE WAVE

4 1. INTRODUCTION TO INGECIBER INGECIBER S.A. is a pioneering company in the field of calculations using mathematical models, also known as Computer Aided Engineering (CAE). Established in 1986, Ingeciber s main business was the use, distribution, technical support and training of users of the FEM software ANSYS for 25 years. For five years, Ingeciber has performed the same activities with the FEM software PATRAN/ MSC NASTRAN and now Ingeciber distributes a Structural FEM software called CivilFEM. CivilFEM, FEM software developed by Ingeciber, emerged by using ANSYS s own programming for the civil calculations performed in the company a globally unique customization of ANSYS for Civil Engineering analyses. Since 2010, Ingeciber has also been developing a new version of the software called CivilFEM powered by Marc, the first version of which came out on CONSULTANCY CAE Software DISTRIBUTION EDUCATION Software DEVELOPMENT R&D PROJECTS MECHANICAL Engineering MECHANICAL CAE software Int'l UNED-Ingeciber FEA MASTER'S CivilFEM powered by MARC CFD CFD software ICAEEC FEA e-learning platform CivilFEM for ANSYS CIVIL Engineering CIVIL CAE software CAE onsite training Ingeciber business lines INGECIBER S.A, after 30 years of offering CAE services, has a team of more than 30 highlyqualified professionals, of whom 85% of them are engineers, and more than 1,000 companies have hired our services so far. A charter member of Technet-Alliance an association made up of more than 50 CAE companies located in 22 countries, with more than 2,500 CAE engineers-, Ingeciber offers continuous development of new CAE technologies and their practical application in the calculations and projects we perform. 4

5 2. INTRODUCTION TO THE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS 2.1 CONSULTANCY Ingeciber has two engineering departments, the Mechanical and CFD Engineering department and the Civil Engineering department. The engineering departments have dealt with different projects using FEM and CFD software, such as structural analyses, heat transfer, fluid analysis using CFD software, electromagnetism, rigid/flexible solid mechanics mechanical systems, etc. The industries and sectors related to these analyses have been Petrochemical Industry, Oil & Gas sector, Water Industry and Renewable Energy. Some examples of the work performed by the Mechanical and CFD Engineering department are shown in following sections of this paper. The FEM and CFD software available for the engineering departments to use to perform these analyses are: ANSYS, CivilFEM for ANSYS, CivilFEM powered by Marc, CFD++, XFlow and modefrontier. 2.2 EDUCATION International online FEA Master's program of UNED For over twenty-two years, Ingeciber has collaborated with UNED University on the International Master s in Theoretical and Practical Application of the Finite Element Method and CAE Simulation, and more than 3,600 students have graduated. The Mechanical and Civil Engineering Departments of Ingeciber are in charge of the Specialized Module s application and practical subjects of Dynamic Analysis, Nonlinear Analysis, Heat Transfer Analysis, Advanced Steel Structures Analysis, Composites, Fluid Mechanics, Advanced Concrete Structures Analysis and Geotechnics. The global interest received for this Master s Program motivated us to expand it into English. By partnering with local companies who help support and promote this program within their specific regions, we have made participating and studying this program possible from anywhere in the world. This demonstrates that UNED s Master s FEA program has obtained worldwide acceptance and prestige. Complete information about the Master s is available at 5

6 International online CAE Education CENTER ICAEEC The goal of this online International Education CENTER created by Ingeciber is to develop a new series of online CAE Power courses based on industry standard tools using real world examples that provide students with real experience that they can use in the workplace. Unlike OEM based training courses, which are built around theoretical exercises, ICAEEC Power CAE courses are designed to give students the practical knowledge and skills needed to perform complex engineering analysis at their job. Complete information about ICAEEC is available at 3. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION More information about the different business lines of Ingeciber is available at the websites shown below: Ingeciber website: CivilFEM website: Int l UNED-Ingeciber FEA Master s: Int l online CAE Education CENTER: Ingeciber Linkedin: Ingeciber 6

7 4. CONSULTANCY JOBS DESCRIPTION & PROJECT S REFERENCE Mechanical analysis synopsis Supports & Frameworks Outstanding Structures Machinery's specific components Linear & nonlinear buckling Fatigue - cyclic load analysis Spectrum analysis. Seismic qualifications. Blast furnace component analysis Industrial plant component analysis following regulatory compliance Maximun stress analysis following ASME VIII Div. 2 Structural loads, ratcheting and cyclic loading following ASME VIII Div. 2 Thermal exchangers, aircooler and condenser analysis Pressure Vessels Analysis following regulatory compliance (RCC-MR, EN-13445, etc.) CFD analysis Structural nonlinear analysis Nonlinear materials (plasticity, hyperelasticity, etc.) Structural instabilities (nonlinear buckling) Friction and frictionless contacts between components Geometric nonlinear analysis Composites Bolt analysis Structural Dynamic analysis Thermal analysis CFD analysis Modal analysis Harmonic analysis Lineal and nonlinear transient analysis Spectrum analysis. Seismic qualifications. Free vibration analysis (PSD) Rotordynamic Themal isolation analysis of Pipes Thermal isolation design of train black boxes: Outstanding solutions. Thermal cycle simulations in air cooling systems for automotive industry. Testing storage design for dissipation system and material property characterization. Thermal analysis of valves. Fire fighting door thermal-structural analysis. Thermal analysis of cryogenic systems External aerodynamic CFD analyses: aircrafts, wind turbines, buildings, etc Internal aerodynamic CFD analyses: equipment refrigeration, HVAC, gas distribution in installations, etc Hydrodynamic CFD analyses: ducts, water canals, pipelines, pumps installations, valves, mixing installations, waste-water treatment plants, etc Other CFD analyses: multiphase simulations, moving geometries, FSI 7 simulations, combustion, reactions, supersonic, transonic, etc

8 4.1 THERMAL, STRUCTURAL AND FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF A HEAT EXCHANGER. ASME VIII DIV.2 P5 Finite Element Analysis of different components of the heat exchanger (tube sheet and salt chamber) according ASME VIII Div.2 Part 5. Different checking were performed according the norm: Plastic collapse, Ratcheting and Cyclic loading 8 different operation cases were studied with different pressure and thermal conditions. A detailed submodel were created to study the union between the shell and the salt chamber. 8

9 4.2 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF A TRUNNION VALVE IN VARIOUS OPERATION CASES The purpose of this study was basically to verify structural parts of a trunnion valve under different operational loads such as internal pressure, bolt preload, opening and closing torque, etc. Different structural loads in the main parts of the valve were analyzed. Nonlinear contacts were used to gather the separation effects caused by the pressure on the flanges. bolted An interesting part of the study was the analysis of the closing ball subjected to the effects of the pressure that is compressing an internal hyperelastic gasket. 9

10 4.3 SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF A DRY TRANSFORMER The purpose of all these studies was to perform seismic qualifications of a dry transformer to check that all its structural parts work properly during a seismic event. All the components of the transformer were analyzed, including the steel frame, the coils, the coil supports (that were modeled with a spring element and an equivalent stiffness to simplify the model), the steel core and the aluminum electrical conductor. 10

11 4.4 SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF GAS ANALYZERS The purpose of all these studies was to perform seismic qualifications of an analyzer in an industrial plant to check that all its structural parts work properly during a seismic event. It was important to analyze the structural parts of the analyzer to avoid loss of functionality during the earthquake. All the components of the analyzer were analyzed, including the bolts. 11

12 4.5 SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF AN AIR VALVE The purpose of all these studies was to perform seismic qualifications of an air valve to check that all its structural parts work properly during a seismic event. In order to validate the components under seismic loads, the seismic classification (A+, A, B or C) as well as the component location (height) has to be taken into account to determine the spectrum that has to be applied to the analyzer in the FEM analysis. As far as we know, the customer can t determine the exact place where the component is going to be installed, so the height is not known either. Therefore, the spectrum structural validation has been performed using the simplifications specified in Annex 9 of G-DK CT-G-0003, which is used for general validation of the components where the installation height is not known 12

13 4.6 SEISMIC QUALIFICATION OF A VALVE ACTUATOR The purpose of all these studies was to perform seismic qualifications of a valve actuator to check that all its structural parts work properly during a seismic event. The valve actuator requires structural supports as shown in the image on the left. The results are shown in the image on the right. 13

14 4.7 SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF VALVE: DUNKIRK LNG TERMINAL PLANT The purpose of all these studies was to perform seismic qualifications of a valve to check that all its structural parts work properly during a seismic event. In order to validate the components under seismic loads, the seismic classification (A+, A, B or C) as well as the component location (height) has to be taken into account to determine the spectrum that has to be applied to the analyzer in the FEM analysis. As far as we know, the customer can t determine the exact place where the component is going to be installed, so the height is not known either. Therefore, the spectrum structural validation has been performed using the simplifications specified in Annex 9 of G-DK CT- G-0003, which is used for general validation of the components where the installation height is not known. FEM Software used: ANSYS Workbench 14

15 4.8 STATIC STRUCTURAL & LINEAR BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF AN ELEVATOR S STRUCTURE The purpose of this analysis was to perform a structural and buckling analysis due to different loading hypothesis in an elevator s structure. The images on the left and on the right represent global and local buckling modes in the elevator s structure respectively. The image below represents the displacement results in a local model of the beam placed at the top of the structure where the elevator s cabin is connected. 15

16 4.9 ANALYSIS OF A BIG DIMENSION CIRCULAR SUPPORT BEAM The project comprises the analysis and sizing of a circular support beam of several pieces of equipment for Talara s refinery in Peru. It was required to validate the circular support beam subjected to different load cases due to the supported equipment, including wind and earthquake loads. Some simplifications were adopted to avoid meshing the all the equipment. The inertial effects of the non modeled region were taken into account through modifying the applied loads. Displacement results due to the combining load cases with all the loads acting at the same time are shown in the image on the right. A detailed submodel, including beam stiffeners ensures the validation of the general FEM model. 16

17 4.10 VIBRATIONAL ANALYSIS OF A GAS OIL STORAGE COLUMN The purpose of this study was to recreate the vibration response of a column whose vibrations were measured onsite. The goal was to attenuate the amplitude of the response, modifying the design by adding stiffeners. The acceleration response at the right represents the results of a frequency response analysis due to the harmonic load when the Steam Hammer is not acting The acceleration response shown below represents the results of a transient response analysis due to a steam hammer impulsive load. As a final verification, the effects of the impulse load on the column were checked through local submodels shown in the images on the right and below. 17

18 4.11 VIBRATIONAL ANALYSIS CRYOPLANT BUILDING ITER. FUSION FOR ENERGY The project consists in the vibration analysis in an ITER s plant building produced by a set of rotative machines (compressors) for the final customer Fusion For Energy. The objective was to verify that the maximum amplitude of vibration in a range of frequencies was not over an allowable value for all the structural parts of the building. As shown in the image at the left the stratum composed by rock (pink), soil (blue) and compacted fill (red) was modeled. The amplitude of displacements, accelerations and velocities in critical measure points of the building where checked along the working frequency range of the rotative machines. 18

19 4.12 ANALYSIS OF AN OFF-SHORE PLATAFORM'S BEDPLATE The goal of this work is to perform a self-weight, normal modes and pressure pulse analyses of a bedplate installed on an off-shore platform Self-weight analysis: Structural Static analysis considering gravity to study the efects of the motor and the motor s pump on the bedplate. It has been performed an Eurocode 3 checking. Modal analysis: A modal analysis has been performed to determine the bedplate s vibration characteristics: Natural frequencies, Mode shapes and Mode participation factors. These frequencies has been compared with the frequency of rotation of the motor to see if the resonance phenome occurs. Pressure pulse: Four different transient analysis has been performed following the customer specification. Figs 1 and 2: Bedplate FE model and 3 rd natural frequency Figs 3 and 4: Pressure pulse and Results for Y direction 19

20 4.13 HELICOPTER PLATFORM WITH NONLINEAR CONTACT This equipment is part of a project of design and installation of a removable loading platform in helicopters AS350 & AS355. A nonlinear model with contact definition between the platform and the helicopter s floor was analyzed, applying different cases of inertial loads in the three orthogonal directions. The image below shows the displacement results due to lateral acceleration in Y direction. 20

21 4.14 EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT The purpose of this study was to study the response of several pieces of industrial equipment under the elastic response spectrums O.B.E. and S.S.E. 21

22 4.15 STRUCTURAL & FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF A CONDENSER ACCORDING TO ASME VIII DIV.2 The purpose of this study was to validate a condenser following the ASME VIII Div.2 including the load cases: Self-weight empty Self-weight full Internal pressure Vacuum pressure Loads in nozzles Earthquake condenser empty Earthquake condenser full Fatigue analysis Some detail of the bolted unions and the results are shown in the images below. 22

23 4.16 STRUCTURAL & FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF AN INDUSTRIAL EXCHANGER FOLLOWING ASME VIII DIV.2 The purpose of this study was to validate an industrial exchanger following the ASME VIII Div.2 including a fatigue analysis. The cyclic transition between operational loads with different pressure and temperature loads can cause a fatigue crack in the material. 23

24 4.17 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF A BUOY THAT TRANSFORMS WAVE ENERGY INTO ELECTRIC POWER The purpose of this analysis was to verify the structural integrity of an energy converter buoy that uses the energy of sea waves to generate electric energy. The images below show the structural FEM model of the buoy as well as the results of a transient analysis at the instant seconds. Buoy A diagram with different wave theories is shown in the image on the left. A linear wave theory must be applied as a load in a first approximation. Nonlinear theories must be applied in regions close to 24 the coast while a linear theory can be applied in high seas.

25 4.18 INNOVATIVE NUMERICAL METHODOLOGIES FOR STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION This project is aimed at providing two numerical methods that define the optimized configuration of civil steel frame structures through semi-automatic processes. To increase structural performances, satisfy code checking and obtain the reduction of the overall production costs, the topology optimization method is exploited to define the conceptual configuration of the structures, later parametrically optimized through a multi-objectives analysis. FEM Software used: CivilFEM powered by Marc and ANSYS Optimization software: modefrontier Initial structure s design Final design after performing the optimization process 25

26 4.19 FSI ANALYSIS OF A PROTOTYPE VESSEL FOR WASTE TREATMENT The purpose of this CFD analysis was to study the behavior of a solid waste mixture, modeled as a high density fluid, due to the pressure and temperature increasing process carried out in a rotative extrusion machine. The software used was XFlow. The study of the pressure in the pressure chamber of the conic reduction region is one of the main points. The calculation of the stream tracers is useful for checking particle behaviour. Finally, a study of the return of the mixture to previous chambers was performed, showing undesirable flow-back of the fluid in some regions (see image below). 26

27 4.20 CFD STUDY OF A DRONE AIRCRAFT The purpose of this study was to perform a CFD analysis to optimize the aircraft, obtaining the optimal stabilizer angle that determines the maximum velocity of the drone as well as the drag, lift and pitch coefficients. The software used was XFlow. Force coefficients and moment coefficients were obtained as function of the velocity and the drone angle, as is shown in the images below. The Velocity field focusing on the wings showed the reason for the stall when the critical angle of attack is exceeded. In the image below two main airflow separations can be observed after the stall angle. 27

28 4.21 CFD STUDY OF EXHAUST GASES IN A POWER TURBINE The purpose of this CFD analysis was to study the behavior of the fluid in a region between a turbine exhaust (green) and a boiler (red) that are part of the co-generation projects of Altamira and Bajío for which three different phases were studied. The software used was CFD++, developed by the company Metacomp Technologies. Phase I was the study of the prototype designs provided by the customer, analyzing the gas flux from the turbine. Phase II concerned the study of the designed geometry modifications provided by the customer for both installations, analyzing the fresh air flux from the fresh air inlet (the blue section from the first image on the left). In Phase III, the analysis was performed in the modified installations with gas flux from the turbine to check that the flux behavior had not deteriorated with the modifications implemented in Phase II. 28

29 4.22 CFD ANALYSIS USING CFD++ OF A SEPARATOR VESSEL OF HYDROCARBONS The client is developing a separator vessel of hydrocarbons to commercialize it in the Oil & Gas industry. They have experience in this projects, so they want to check the behavior of some design elements which were included in this vessel. Oil distribution on the vessel This EDP simulation checks that the oil behavior is totally affected by the corrugated plates introduction. The oil tends to stand in the top part because of the density difference, the plates additional resistance and the oil accumulation in the plates walls. Oil distribution on the vessel 29

30 4.23 CFD VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF A HOWELL-BUNGER VALVE INSTALLED AT A DAM The goal of this study is to analyze using CFD techniques the hydraulic working of the Howell- Bunger valve placed at the Aguilar de Campoo (Palencia) Dam, which is subjected to unusual vibrations. Pipe schema. The valve is placed at the outflow Guides installed in the pipe Three phases: Phase 1: Study of the actual configuration of the pipe and the valve Phase 2: Study of the pipe with some correcting measures (guides) Phase 3: Optimization of the installation place of the guides Turbulences on the pipe 30

31 4.24 FLOW AND AERATION STUDY IN A WWTP REACTOR The design of a reactor of a Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) has to focus towards a uniform movement of sludge to prevent formation of prone to sedimentation and proper aeration dead zones to encourage aerobic digestion of organic wastes. A design raised in carousel reactor with an aeration system consisting of surface aerators, is expected that the surface agitation of the sludge allow enter enough air into the device. Phases: Generation of three-dimensional geometric model of the WWTP reactor with flowing accelerators and surface shakers. Fluid domain extraction, establish boundary conditions and fluids provided for installation devices. As a result the flow characteristics established and dragging the oxygen introduced by surface shakers shown. Aeration is very localized and insufficient, because below the surface there are shakers much of the flow is not aerated. Following this study finding alternative was approved for a more effective aeration. 31

32 4.25 WIND ACTION IN A WIND TURBINE FIELD The aerodynamic behavior of a wind turbine field is conditioned by the adjacent terrain. The register of the wind in the zone is limited and the wind tunnel studies do not capture the orography characteristics with the presence of moving wind turbines. To obtain more accurate and realistic results, tackling the study with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques was proposed. The conventional software with their traditional approach, based on the finite volumes method, are not sufficient to accurately study such a big domain with the presence of wind turbines in movement. The software used was XFlow, with the assistance and knowledge of the Mechanical Engineering and CFD Department. The topographic surface of the area was introduced in the software and the 28 wind turbines which form the wind turbine field were placed accurately. The extension of the terrain studied was 432 km 2. The rotation degree of freedom of the blades was allowed and the wind was defined with a real wind profile of the area. The adaptive refinement of the lattice allowed the capture of the movement of the blades and their influence on the wind distribution. 32

33 4.26 WIND ACTION ON A SOLAR PLANT Solar panels that make up a solar plant are exposed to weather actions, among which are the strong winds that occur occasionally. This was the case of the solar garden in Vejer de la Frontera, which in April 2011 suffered damage due to the wind. The case of study is the wind around the solar array so that checkpoints where anemometers are placed get the same values than those observed in both speed and wind direction. In this situation, the wind speed on the exact location of the solar plant and solar panels affected is analyzed. The results show that the surrounding orography alters the behavior of the wind and when the conditions observed in April 2011 are reproduce, the solar farm area is swept by winds of over 115 km / h, which exceeds the design strength panels. Phases: Generation of three-dimensional geometric model of the terrain in the area of solar plant. Imposition of boundary conditions that define the observed wind and verification by sensors placed on the position of the reference anemometers. 33

34 4.27 ANALYSIS OF WIND EFFECT ON AN HELIOSTAT The design and dimensioning of equipment exposed to wind actions requires a thorough aerodynamic analysis. In the case of a heliostat, the large size of the mirror determines its wind resistance. To address this analysis in time and reasonable price, the best option is the three-dimensional simulation using CFD programs. Two situations were simulated: the mirror in a vertical position subjected to a wind of 100 km/h, and the mirror in the safety position under a wind of 150 km/h. Data of the drag, the tilting in the column base, and lift force and torque turning of the upper joint is obtained. These latest actions come from the deflection of the air flow when the mirror is folded. Phases: Adequacy of generating three-dimensional geometry and fluid surrounding the heliostat domain. Meshing of the fluid domain with special caution in the details of geometry and elements of the boundary layer. The final calculation mesh consists of 22 million elements. Definition of wind action conditions. Resolution of the simulation and monitoring of the resultant forces. Analysis of results and conclusions 34

35 4.28 CFD STUDY OF CHANNELING INFRASTRUCTURE Your Engineering Partner The predicted works for the channeling of the water in Argamasilla ravine included different secondary streams. The aim of the channeling is to alleviate the constant floods that regularly affect the city of Écija (Sevilla). The 2D simulation didn t allow us to tackle the complete channeling analysis. Furthermore, it was necessary to analyze the transient evolution of the incoming flood and not assume a steady state flow. For this reason, a tridimensional study of the incoming flood was modeled with ANSYS-CFX, taking into account the elevated water level in the Genil River, which is where the simulated channeling flows into. The simulation shows the behavior of the flood in a transient regime, with a return period of 50 years in the last section of the Argamasilla ravine channeling. The results showed that the initially projected solution did not take into account the behavior of the flood at the initial moment. When the flood finds its outlet blocked by the Genil River, the water impacts against the upper wall and emerges through the upper ventilation grids, creating a water jump which returns back through the internal part of the duct. This study and its results were used for the correct installation redesign. 35

36 4.29 CFD STUDY OF A STORAGE AND PUMPING POOL Your Engineering Partner A deflector wall was placed at the entrance of a sea water storage and pumping pool. To homogenize the flux, two apertures were created in the sides of the inflow catchment area. The operation of the pool revealed a problem in the bottom covering just in front of the lateral apertures. The objective of the simulation was to determine the causes of the failure and to determine the optimum operation level to avoid the lateral flux damaging the covering. A sequence of CFD simulations with different operation modes was proposed, varying only the water level on the pool. The water level determines the mass of water in the inflow catchment area. Its interaction with the incoming flux disturbs the proportion of water which is alleviated through the lateral apertures and the velocity of this flux. This study, which was performed with ANSYS-CFX allowed us to understand the origin of the problem detected and to define the optimum water level to guarantee the correct hydraulic behavior of the pool. 36

37 4.30 ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF AN EXPLOSION'S EXPANSIVE WAVE The structural design of a building in an oil & gas plant has to take into account the dynamic behavior of the building due to an expansive wave produced by a near explosion. The analysts have to measure the building to satisfy the codes. The critic point is to know the time evolution of the over pressure pulses and the places of the building more exposed. 37