High Conservation Value (HCV) Public Summary

Transcription

1 PUBLIC SUMMARY Date: January 2018 High Conservation Value (HCV) Public Summary Cahaya Tiga Serangkai (CTS) Cooperative PT Cahaya Nusa Gemilang West Kalimantan, Indonesia PUBLIC SUMMARY January 2018 i

2 Date of report : January 2018 Lead assessor : Sahat Aritonang Assessment team members Aisyah Sileuw, Aji Sartono, Andre Febriant, Gaia Khairina, Hanjoyo, Indrawan Suryadi, Iwan Kurnia Rosyid, Meida Rosani, Muhammad Iqbal, Muhammad Irfan Danu. Lead assessor contact information Daemeter Consulting Jl. Tangkuban Perahu 1, Bogor, West Java 16128, Indonesia T: E: sahat.aritonang@daemeter.org ALS license type : Provisional (ALS16011SA) Organization commissioning HCV assessment Golden Agri-Resources Ltd. (GAR) Vidya Paramita Sustainability Implementation Division Sinar Mas Land Plaza, Tower 2, 30th Floor, Jl. M.H. Thamrin, Jakarta, Indonesia vidia.paramita@sinarmas-agri.com Location of assessment : PT Cahaya Nusa Gemilang Ketapang Sub-District, West Kalimantan Period of assessment : November - December 2016 Size of assessment area (ha) : ha Size of HCV management area (ha) : ha 11 Planned land use for assessment area : Oil palm plantation Certification scheme : RSPO NPP ALS tier ranking : Tier 1 2 Peer Review : Cynthia Chin (28 July 2017) 1 This does not include the total area of HCV 6 that can only be delineated through further participatory mapping with local communities 2 Tier 1 is determined as HCV assessment was conducted by a provisionally licensed assessor and local communities precense around the consession area. PUBLIC SUMMARY January 2018 ii

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS... iii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS... iv LIST OF FIGURES... v LIST OF TABLES... v 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT AREA HCV ASSESSMENT TEAM TIMELINE AND METHODS Secondary Data Collection Primary Data Collection FINDINGS National and Regional Context Landscape Context HCV Outcomes and Justification HCV 1- Species Diversity HCV 2 Landscape-level ecosystems and mosaics HCV 3 Rare, threatened, or endangered ecosystems, habitats, or refugia HCV 4 Ecosystem Services HCV 5 Community Needs HCV 6 Cultural Values Stakeholder Consultation HCV MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING REFERENCES PUBLIC SUMMARY January 2018 iii

4 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS APL BIG CITES CR CNG CTS DEM EN FGD FPIC FSC GIS HCV HCVMA HL IUP IUCN Kopbun RBI RePPProT RTRWP RSPO SOP VU Areal Penggunaan Lain Badan Informasi Geospasial, Geospatial Information Agency Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Critically Endangered (a species category under IUCN Red List) PT Cahaya Nusa Gemilang Cahaya Tiga Serangkai Cooperative Digital Elevation Model Endangered (a species category under IUCN Red List) Focus Group Discussion Free, Prior, and Informed Consent Forest Stewardship Council Geographic Information System High Conservation Value High Conservation Value Management Area Hutan Lindung, Protected Forest Ijin Usaha Perkebunan, Permit for Plantation Business International Union for Conservation of Nature Koperasi Kebun, Plantation Cooperative Rupa Bumi Indonesia, Indonesia Landforms Regional Physical Planning Project for Transmigration Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Provinsi, Provincial Spatial Plan Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil Standard Operating Procedures Vulnerable (a species category under IUCN Red List) PUBLIC SUMMARY January 2018 iv

5 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. The boundaries of PT CNG and Kopbun CTS. HCV assessment was conducted within and surrounding the location permit boundaries... 8 Figure 2. The planned scheme estate and land cover of PT CNG and Kopbun CTS where the HCV assessment was conducted Figure 3. HCV 1 area within the cooperative boundaries Figure 4. HCV 3 area within the cooperative boundaries and with land systems are shown on the bakground. HCV 3 areas are all remaining forests located within the boundaries Figure 5. HCV4 area related to streams, water provision, and flood control services within the cooperative boundaries Figure 6. HCV 4 areas related to areas which are important in erosion and sedimentation control within cooperative boundaries Figure 7. Location of HCVs 5 and 6 within and surrounding the Cooperative boundaries Figure 8. HCV Management Areas which include rivers, riparian buffer zones, and forests within the CTS Cooperative boundaries LIST OF TABLES Table 1. The land uses surrounding the CTS location permit... 9 Table 2. HCV assessment team members according to alphabetical order Table 3. Timeline of the HCV assessment Table 4. Subvillages surveyed for the identifcation of HCVs 5 and 6 within and surrounding PT CNG area Table 5. HCVs identified within the CTS Cooperative boundaries Table 6. Stakeholder consultation during HCV 5 and 6 assessment (6-15 December 2016) Table 7. Important points from the stakeholder consultation of interim findings for PT CNG and PT KGP on 23 March Table 8. HCV area and management area within the CTS cooperative Table 9. Evaluation of threats against HCV within and surrounding the cooperative estate Table 10. HCV management and monitoring recommendations in CTS cooperative estate and its surroundings PUBLIC SUMMARY January 2018 v

6 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND As a subsidiary of Sinar Mas Group, Golden Agri-Resources Ltd (GAR) owns the largest oil palm estate by total area in Indonesia. GAR has several subsidiaries which include PT SMART Tbk, business operating in Indonesia; Victory Tropical Oil, distribution business in Europe and the US; PT Dami Mas Sejahtera, certified DxP seed producer and supplier; and various businesses in China. PT Sinar Mas Agri-Resources and Technology (SMART) Tbk is a part of GAR which oversees managing Indonesian oil palm plantations. PT Cahaya Nusa Gemilang (CNG) is a subsidiary of PT SMART Tbk which is located in Marau Subdistrict, Ketapang District, West Kalimantan. PT CNG is working with Cahaya Tiga Serangkai Plantation Cooperative (Kopbun CTS) to open a new scheme (plasma) estate in an area with a location permit of ha. In line with GAR s social and environmental commitments, both PT CNG and the Cooperative wishes to develop a new scheme estate according to the principles of RSPO New Plantings Procedure (NPP). In compliance with these procedures, GAR has commissioned Daemeter Consulting (Daemeter) to conduct High Conservation Value (HCV) assessment within the planned CTS scheme estate and it surroundings, including the villages within and surrounding the location permit. The assessment began in November 2016 with desk study and scoping, followed by field surveys on 6-15 December 2016 and analysis and reporting from December 2016 to September For more information about the commission, Ms. Vidia Paramita of the Sustainability Implementation Division may be contacted by (vidia.paramita@sinarmas-agri.com) or at Sinar Mas Land Plaza, Tower 2, 30 th Floor, Jl. M.H. Thamrin, Jakarta, Indonesia (Phone: ). The HCV concept has been adopted by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) as a cornerstone for its standard for certified sustainable palm oil. RSPO standards require that areas that contain HCVs are identified and appropriate measures are taken to manage and maintain them. RSPO also requires that all new plantations developed after November 2005 avoid conversion of areas required for the management to maintain or enhance HCVs in the plantation area. This report summarizes the results of the HCV which took place in November and December The HCV assessment in this report references the Common Guidance for Identification of High Conservation Values (HCVRN, 2013) with some modifications (if stated) according to the Guidelines for the Identification of High Conservation Values in Indonesia (HCV Toolkit Indonesia)) (Toolkit, Konsorsium Revisi HCV, 2008). PT Cahaya Nusa Gemilang (CNG) and Koperasi Kebun Cahaya Tiga Serangkai (Kopbun CTS) PT CNG was officially established in 2004 and owns Hak Guna Usaha (Right for Cultivation of Land) for 2, ha of nuclear estate. As of 2016, approximately 2, ha or 91% of the nuclear estate had been planted. The CTS Cooperative was legally formalized in 2008 with a membership of 507 household heads. On April 1 st, 2008, PT CNG and Kopbun CTS signed an agreement for the establishment of a scheme estate at a size equivalent to 20% of the planted nuclear estate. However, only ha of the scheme estate has been planted and PUBLIC SUMMARY January

7 another ha is required to meet the 20% agreement. In response, PT CNG and Kopbun CTS have requested and received a location permit for ha of scheme estate in The area belonging to PT CNG and Kopbun CTS is adjacent to the location permit of PT Kencana Graha Permai (PT KGP), which is also an oil palm company under PT Smart Tbk. PT KGP has both nuclear and scheme estates, the latter of which is built in cooperation with Tuah Kencana Permai Plantation Cooperative (Kopbun TKP). PUBLIC SUMMARY January

8 Figure 1. The boundary of Kopbun CTS PUBLIC SUMMARY January

9 DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT AREA PT CNG is located in the Marau Subdictrict, Ketapang District, West Kalimantan (Figure 1). Its geographic coordinates are S dan E. According to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Decree Number 2382 Year 2015, the location permit of PT CNG and the cooperative are located on Areal Penggunaan Lain (APL), an area designated for land uses other than forest or forestry (Other Land Use Area). In this assessment, the area of interest is the ha area planned for of oil palm plantation of the cooperative scheme estate development by PT CNG and Kopbun CTS. The boundaries and land cover within the area are shown on Figure 2. The dominant land covers within the area are oil palm, rubber, and shrubs, in addition to some fragmented forest and a small minority of mixed agriculture and open lands. The estate development will convert these shrubs, open land, rubber, and mixed agriculture covers into oil palm. In terms of topography, the area of interest is quite flat, with pockets of small hills less than 100 masl. The area of interest is surrounded by a Protected Forest (Hutan Lindung), oil palm estates, Permanent Production Forest (HPT), and villages (Table 1). According to 2016 statistics, there are 13,517 persons in the Marau Subdistrict but only 3,509 persons (26%) live in the villages within or surrounding the CTS Cooperative location permit. The sex ratio in these three villages is 110 (there are 110 males for every 100 females). Table 1. The land uses surrounding the CTS location permit Direction Land Use North East South West Permanent Production Forest and Protected Forest Planned scheme estate for PT KGP and Kopbun CTS PT CNG nuclear estate and Teluk Batu Selatan Subvillage Permanent Production Forest and rubber estate PUBLIC SUMMARY January

10 Figure 2. The planned scheme estate and land cover of Kopbun CTS and the wider landscape PUBLIC SUMMARY January

11 HCV ASSESSMENT TEAM The HCV assessment team consisted of eleven people (Table 2). Table 2. HCV assessment team members according to alphabetical order Name Organization Role Expertise Aisyah Sileuw Daemeter Consulting HCV 5 & 6 identification team, provisionally licensed assessor (ALS15031AS) Project management, socioeconomics and culture, participatory mapping Aji Sartono Daemeter Consulting GIS & remote sensing GIS & remote sensing specialist Andre Febriant Daemeter Consulting HCV 5 & 6 identification team Socioeconomics and culture Gaia Khairina Daemeter Consulting HCV 5 & 6 Environmental science identification team Hanjoyo Daemeter Consulting HCV 1-4 identification team; botanist Botany, landscape ecology Indrawan Suryadi Daemeter Consulting GIS & landscape ecology GIS & remote sensing, landscape ecology Iwan Rosyid Daemeter Consulting Social Team Coordinator HCV 5 & 6 identification team Meida Rosani Daemeter Consulting HCV 5 & 6 identification team Muhammad Iqbal Daemeter Consulting HCV 1-4 identification team; ornithologist Muhammad Irfan Daemeter Consulting HCV 5 & 6 Danu identification team Sahat Aritonang Daemeter Consulting Provisionally licensed Lead Assessor (ALS16011SA) Community relations, socioeconomics and culture, participatory mapping Forestry Ornithology, mammals Forestry Biodiversity conservation, landscape ecology, forestry PUBLIC SUMMARY January

12 TIMELINE AND METHODS Tabel 1. Tier Ranking ALS Indicators Description SCALE Scale of project: the overall area (ha) affected by production activities. Will the operation cover or affect more than 50,000 ha? NO. The AOI is ha that less than the 50,000 ha threshold. INTENSITY Conversion of natural ecosystem or habitat: Is conversion of more than 500 ha of natural ecosystem or habitat planned? Note: if more than one area is to be converted in the same region, consider the total area. NO. Landcover map indicates most development area are oil palm plantation and other ecosystems within AOI is less than 500 ha. RISK Experience level of HCV assessor: Does the lead HCV assessor hold a provisional licence? Threats to biodiversity: Does the project area contain, border or overlap with any priority biodiversity areas? Local and indigenous people: Are there local or indigenous peoples living in or using the area that have claims to land, water and or natural resources in the project area? Is the HCV assessment taking place outside of a recognised certification scheme? YES. The lead assessor holds a provisional license. NO. The project area does not contain, border or overlap with any priority biodiversity areas. YES. There are two affected dusun which highly possibly dependent on rivers at this site. NO. This assessment is being done as part of RSPO NPP requirement. The HCV assessment took place from November 2016 to August 2017 (Table 3). Table 3. Timeline of the HCV assessment Step Description Date 1 Compilation of available secondary and available primary data, including preliminary stakeholder consultation during a short scoping visit to PT CNG November November 2016 (scoping) 2 Rating of assessment as Tier 1 or Tier 2 and reporting this assessment to HCVRN November Team formation and briefing on project scope November-December 2016 PUBLIC SUMMARY January

13 4 HCV pre-assessment (scoping study) based on available data November Planning for fieldwork and agreement on field methods for primary data collection 6 Fieldwork and primary data collection, including direct stakeholder consultation December December 2016 (HCV 5 & 6); 7-11 December 2016 (HCV 1-4) 7 Data analysis and interpretation December February Preparation of draft report, including maps of HCVMA and recommendations on management and monitoring January-February Public consultation to report draft HCV findings and refine threat assessment. March Amend the draft report based on feedback from public April-June 2017 consultation and company 11 External peer review of draft report June Finalizing report based on feedback from peer review June Sign-off by peer reviewer August 2017 Finalizing and submitting the final HCV report to PT CNG September 2017 PUBLIC SUMMARY January

14 1.1 Secondary Data Collection Land Cover For the assessments of HCVs 1-4, Sentinel 2 imageries from the year 2016 were analyzed and confirmed using images from previous years. The satellite imagery was categorized into different land cover types using onscreen digitization. The results of land cover mapping indicated areas that need to be surveyed during on-field HCV assessment. For stream mapping, hydrography data from Rupa Bumi Indonesia (RBI) created by the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) was used. Digitization was conducted at a scale of 1:50,000. Topography Data Digital Elevation Model (DEM) created by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) was used to define the topography and slope within the entire area of PT CNG and CTS. HCV 4 utilizes this secondary data set to define major components of erosion potential. This data has been gap-filled by the USGS-NASA at a horizontal resolution of 30 m (1 arc second). Ecosystem Mapping For the identification of HCV 3, the assessment used the revised RePPProT version in the Indonesian Toolkit appendix. Using the precautionary approach, the assessment team used a lookup table which identifies rare or threatened RePPProT land classes in West Kalimantan. Maps of RePPProT land systems were corrected and overlaid with forest cover to identify remaining forest areas within rare or threatened RePPProT land systems. Species Data Secondary data regarding HCV 1species which are potentially present within the assessment area were obtained from field guides and commonly used sources such as The Ecology of Kalimantan (MacKinnon, Hatta, & Mangalik, 1996) and the IUCN Red List (IUCN, 2015). Social and Cultural Data Secondary data for HCV 5 and 6 identifications were obtained from the social profile reports of the Batu Payung Dua Village and Randai Village published by an internal team of PT Smart Tbk in Primary Data Collection Primary data collection was carried out using the rapid assessment method, where remaining forest cover and riparian areas were rapidly observed in 64 different spots over ten days to assess biodiversity. Biodiversity surveys were supplemented by interviews of communities and local hunters, although most villagers no longer hunt or only hunt infrequently. Social survey was conducted using the Focus Group Discussion method in three villages. Field verification of land covers and rivers Field observations were conducted to compare the accuracy of land cover conditions created from secondary data with actual field conditions. Observations showed that the land PUBLIC SUMMARY January

15 cover maps created from secondary data reflected actual field conditions well. For stream mapping, each river in the area of interest was tracked and mapped using a GPS device. Plant Survey Based on the results of satellite imagery analysis, there is limited forest cover remaining in the area of interest. Semi-structured plant observations were made of trees, secondary regrowth, and remnant forests identified from the desktop study of satellite images. Species identification for particular taxa were carried out in the field and supplemented with digital photography. Higher priority was given to survey for species of concern under HCV 1. Bird Survey The bird survey aimed to identify features of the bird community which are relevant to HCV 1. The survey methods included interviews with local hunters and opportunistic observations during trekking in forest and plantation areas as well as car trips. The combination of these methods resulted in a holistic bird inventory and increased the likelihood of detecting key species which require conservation interventions. Mammal Survey Survey of mammals and other vertebrates of concern under HCV 1 species was conducted using rapid assessment techniques, combining (i) un/structured interviews with local hunters (ii) assessment of habitat quality (in combination with the botany team), (iii) direct (visual) and indirect (footprints, sounds, or scat) sightings during habitat assessments. Community interviews and habitat assessments were conducted at the village level. Data obtained from interviews, habitat surveys, and observations resulted in a temporary species list that indicated which species are present or potentially present within the area of interest. This data was combined secondary data to (1) assess the likelihood of presence for each species, (2) assess the likely population viability for a number of species, and (3) create recommendations for HCV 1 species management. Social and Cultural Survey to Identify HCVs 5 and 6 Fifty-two people (5%) from eight subvillages in three villages were surveyed for the assessment of HCVs 5 and 6. Open meetings were held at one or two subvillages at a time. In each meeting, the villagers were interviewed using the Focus Group Discussion method. The discussion questions were based on the Common Guide and Indonesian Toolkit and aimed to identify the communities dependence on natural ecosystems in meeting basic needs (HCV 5) and to identify important cultural sites (HCV 6). Following the discussion, villagers were asked to sketch a map of their subvillage and show the locations of HCV 5, HCV 6, and other important sites on the map. Table 4 shows the villages and subvillages within or surrounding PT CNG and CTS Cooperative. Selingsing Kuning and Bayu Payung Subvillages are located within the cooperative estate boundaries, while Teluk Batu Utara and Teluk Batu Selatan Subvillages are located around or outside the southwest boundaries of the cooperative estate, whereas the rest of the subvillages are outside of the cooperative estate boundaries. PUBLIC SUMMARY January

16 Table 4. Subvillages surveyed for the identifcation of HCVs 5 and 6 within and surrounding PT CNG area No. Subvillage Village Subdistrict 1 Tanjung Batu 2 Batu Payung Batu Payung Dua 3 Selingsing Kuning 4 Teluk Batu Utara 5 Teluk Batu Selatan 6 Bakung 7 Rangkung 8 Sungai Keranji Randai Rangkung Marau PUBLIC SUMMARY January

17 FINDINGS 1.3 National and Regional Context The area of interest falls under the category of Borneo lowland rainforests under the World Wildlife (WWF) Ecoregion (Olson, et al., 2001). Despite Borneo lowland rainforests having one of the richest biodiversity in the world, WWF considers this ecoregion as a conservation priority due to ongoing and extensive deforestation linked to timber, forest fires, conversions, and hunting within the last few decades. According to Hansen forest cover data (2013), forest cover in West Kalimantan has been decreasing within the last 13-year period, including the forests surrounding the area of PT CNG and CTS. However, the area of interest is not located within or in proximity to any unique biodiversity spots. According to forest cover and orangutan distribution data (Orangutan Foundation, 2004), the area of interest is located at least 8 km away from important orangutan distribution spots. The area of interest also does not fall into any important wetland sites listed in Kalimantan under Ramsar, the Sentarum Lake National Park and Tanjung Puting National Park, which are more than 200 km away from PT CNG and CTS (Ramsar, 2015). The southwestern part of Kalimantan does not have a high level of endemism compared to other regions such as the mountains and karst regions in East Kalimantan and Malaysia (MacKinnon, Hatta, & Mangalik, 1996). This region was previously dominated by large forest expanses which had since been exploited by logging, mining, and oil palm development. The forest types of this region, including heath forests and dryland Dipterocarpaceae, are similar to forest types across the southern parts of West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan (Rijksen & Meijaard, 1999). Intact examples of these ecosystems can still be found in the Tanjung Puting National Park in Central Kalimantan and Gunung Palung National Park in West Kalimantan (Langhammer, et al., 2007). Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve is known as Key Biodiversity area which located far in the south of AOI according to World Database of Key Biodiversity Areas ( 1.4 Landscape Context The indicative boundary under the wider landscape context is within radius 1 km from outer boundary. This is based on consultation with community and desktop study shows that impacted community area approximately within radius 1 km from the boundary and the fact that there is no administrative boundary that available as references. Land Use According to the Ministerial Decree Number 2382 Year 2015 by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, the area of interest falls under the Areal Penggunaan Lain designation, which is an area where oil palm estates can be legally developed. Land System Physiographic regions are made of land systems which are classified based on general similarities and geographical locations. The Regional Physical Planning Project for PUBLIC SUMMARY January

18 Transmigration (RePPProT, 1990) has classified physiographic regions in Indonesia. The physiographic regions in this report follows RePPProT with some changes and corrections as contained within the Digital Appendix of the Indonesian HCV Toolkit. The area of interest is part of the Other foothills physiographic region. Specifically, the area of interest contains two RePPProT land systems: Pakalunai (PKL) and Rangankau (RGK). The PKL land system is found on slightly steep lands made of non-sedimentary rocks, whereas the RGK land system is slightly flat with rolling terrains but also formed on non-sedimentary rocks. Elevation and Topography Most of the area of interest is quite flat, with some rolling variation in elevations below 50 m. There is a small part in the southwest of the area which is slightly hilly, with the highest elevation still below 100 m. Overall, the elevation across the area of interest ranges from masl. The elevation and topography of the area of interest are suitable for oil palm development. River According to HCV Identification report of PT CNG (IPB, 2011), the area of interest is part of the Kendawangan Watershed. The area has a wet tropical climate without any real dry months, with an average rainfall of mm and average rainy days of 183 days in a year (IPB, 2011). Some locals within and surrounding the company area still use or even rely on the rivers for water or fishing. Land Cover and Vegetation The land covers of the area of interest and its surroundings are shown on Figure 2. The area is dominated by partly planted oil palm plantations and unmaintained mixed rubber agroforestry. The remaining forests are fragmented secondary regrowth growing on poor soils or previously burnt lands, indicated by species such as penaga (Schima wallichii). Nonforested lands are dominated by full sun (open canopy)-loving species such as the members of Euphorbiaceaea and Rubiaceaea families. 1.5 HCV Outcomes and Justification HCV 1- Species Diversity The area of interest has: 1. Remaining secondary forests that can support the survival of HCV 1 species, which will be explained in the following paragraph. In addition, there is a Protected Forest designated under MoEF decree No Year 2015 located beyond the northeast boundary of the area of interest. The Protected Forest does not share a boundary with the area of interest; however, the Protected Forest can still provide important shelter for species and environmental services such as water catchment. Therefore, the Protected Forest is identified as HCV 1 despite its location outside the area of interest. 2. The presence of species which have biodiversity significance at the national and global levels, such as Endangered, Vulnerable, limited distribution, or protected PUBLIC SUMMARY January

19 species: one tree species, nine bird species, and thirty mammal species. In addition, one Critically Endangered species is present: the Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica). 3. The remaining forest and riparian buffers can support the above species which have biodiversity significance. 4. Migrant birds are potentially present although sporadic and in small numbers. HCV 1 is Present for protected areas, riparian buffer, remaining forest and Potential for migrant birds (Figure 3) HCV 2 Landscape-level ecosystems and mosaics The cooperative is not part of or connected to Intact Forest Landscapes or sufficiently large ecosystems (for example, >50,000 ha or in Indonesian context >20,000 ha) that are relatively far from human settlement, roads, or other access, smaller areas that can function as protected area buffer zones or corridors linking high quality habitats, or large areas which are more natural and intact than most other such areas. The closest protected area to the cooperative is the protected Forest designated under MoEF decree No Year 2015 located beyond the northeast boundary of the cooperative. However, the area between the cooperative estate and protected forest has been highly degraded and can only offer minimum functions to support the protected forest. Therefore, HCV 2 is Absent HCV 3 Rare, threatened, or endangered ecosystems, habitats, or refugia Based on RePPProT classification and the land cover maps, the Cooperative estate falls into two land system classification: Rangankau (RGK) and Pakalunai (PLN) (Figure 4), which consist of flat or slightly steep lands built on non-sedimentary rocks. Specifically, the estate is located on tertiary volcanic rocks (IPB, 2011). According to the Indonesian Toolkit (Toolkit, Konsorsium Revisi HCV, 2008), which looks at the historical extent of forests across different RePPProT land classes, mixed or hill dipterocarp forest on volcanic rocks found on RGK and PLN classes are considered as rare and endangered. Moreover, the lowland dipterocarp forests in this region have also decreased substantially due to conversions to oil palm and mixed forests, and fires, which means the forests in the region of the cooperative are also threatened by current human activities. Thus, the remaining forest vegetation within the Cooperative boundaries is identified as HCV HCV 4 Ecosystem Services Many subvillages within and around the Cooperative boundaries still use or even depend on the river as sources of water and fish (Figure 5). Some riparian forests within the boundaries have been converted or degraded, but they can still be considered as HCV 4 if the forests are restored to their original functions. There are many small areas scattered throughout the Cooperative boundaries which slopes are vulnerable to erosion if they are not managed well (Figure 6). Within the cooperative boundaries, there are river and riparian buffer zones which provide water and control floods, as well as areas which important in preventing erosion and sedimentation. Therefore, HCV 4 is Present. PUBLIC SUMMARY January

20 1.5.5 HCV 5 Community Needs HCV 5 refers to sites and resources that are fundamental for satisfying the basic necessities of local communities, necessities such as food, water, and building materials, which cannot be easily replaced by alternative sources. The survey shows that most communities (80%) in the subvillages around the company fulfill their basic necessities by growing garden plants, raising animals, or by purchasing staples and clothing from traveling merchants, warung, or markets at the subdistrict capital. However, some communities fulfill part of their fish, fruit, and wood supplies from natural ecosystems such as rivers, protected forest, and the subvillage pedahasan (old, uninhabited settlements). There are five subvillages which depend on the rivers to fulfill 50-80% of their need for fish protein from the rivers: Batu Payung, Selingsing Kuning, Bakung, Rangkung, and Sungai Keranji Subvillage; and three subvillages supply % of their water needs from the rivers: Tanjung Batu, Batu Payung, and Selingsing Kuning Subvillages. The rivers identified as HCV 5 for providing fish within the Cooperative boundaries are: Sadukan, Siansahan, and Sengkabak/Pendadaian Rivers (Figure 7). In terms of water supply, only Sandukan and Sengakabak/Pendadaian Rivers are identified as having HCV 5 and located within the company boundaries. HCV 5 is Present HCV 6 Cultural Values No HCV 6 sites found which recognised as having high cultural value within national policy and legislation, with official designation by national government and/or an international agency like UNESCO, with recognised and important historical or cultural values, even if they remain unprotected by legislation, and with Plant or animal resources with totemic values or used in traditional ceremonies. However, the communities in the subvillages within and surrounding the company are largely comprised of the local tribe of Dayak Kendawangan, with a small number of other ethnicities such as Malay, Javanese, Chinese, NTT, and others. Most of the communities have converted into Christianity, a few are Muslims, and some still practice Confucianism or Kaharingan. They no longer use forested areas for religious rituals, customs, or cultural ceremonies. However, a small part of the communities still ritually visits forests and certain sites to give offerings and still protect ancestral sites. Of all the sites that are still used and protected by the local communities, only Belian Betunas, Haur Kuning, and Durian Keramat are found within the boundaries of the Cooperative and the company (Figure 7). HCV 6 is Present. Table 5. HCVs identified within the CTS Cooperative boundaries HCV Description Present Potentially Present Absent 1 2 Concentrations of biological diversity, including endemic species, and rare, threatened or endangered species that are significant at global, regional, or national levels. Intact Forest Landscape or large landscape-level ecosystem that are significant at global, regional, or national levels, and that contain viable populations of PUBLIC SUMMARY January

21 the great majority of the naturally occurring species in natural patterns of distribution and abundance Rare, threatened, or endangered ecosystems, habitats or refugia Basic ecosystem services in critical situations including protection of water catchments and control of erosion of vulnerable soils and slopes. Sites and resources fundamental for satisfying the basic necessities of local communities or indigenous peoples identified through engagement with these communities or indigenous peoples. Sites, resources, habitats, and landscapes of global or national cultural, archaeological or historical significance and/or of critical cultural, ecological, economic or religious/sacred importance for the traditional cultures of local communities or indigenous peoples, identified through engagement with these local communities or indigenous peoples. 1.6 Stakeholder Consultation Stakeholder consultations were conducted during the preassessment scoping in November 2016, during the Focus Group Discussions for HCV 5 and 6 in the subvillages and in the company longhouse between 6-15 December 2016, and during the presentation of draft findings to local stakeholders in Marau Town, Ketapang District, on 23 March During the pre-assessment, the assessment team identified which village and sub-villages are involved in the development and potentially impacted by the development of CTS. Daemeter also visited the local governmental offices and/or local representatives to explain the HCV process and invite communities as part of consultation process during field assessment. The stakeholders consulted during this assessment were public figures (community figures, local villagers), local government officials (head and secretary of the village etc.), traditional cultural chiefs (tumenggung adat), and PT CNG staff, among others. A number of villagers believed that the new cooperative estate will have positive impacts such as local economic growth, improvements in accessibility through road construction, and an increase in number of local jobs, but many were also concerned about potential water pollution and decrease in available lands, among other issues (Table 6). During the public consultation of draft findings on 23 March 2017, the villagers expressed their concern that company operations would pollute the rivers and their hope that the company is committed to maintain HCVs, especially HCVs 5 and 6. Local villagers also added and corrected the names and locations of several rivers and sacred sites. Their inputs were also considered during map and final report preparation. A summary of the public consultation is shown on Table 7. PUBLIC SUMMARY January

22 Table 6. Stakeholder consultation during HCV 5 and 6 assessment (6-15 December 2016) Name Position/Role Village/ Subvillage Markus Galap Village heada Batu Payung Dua Perception on the effects of the planned estate development Positive increase in local economy and employment, but potential decline in water quality and quantity due to pollution from estates Alian Village Secretary Batu Payung Dua Positive increase in local economy and employment, local business opportunities, and accessibility, but also decrease in forested land and size of available land Tuang Traditional chief (Tumenggung) Tanjung Batu Positive increase in local economy and employment, local business opportunities, and accessibility, but also decrease in forested land, size of available land, and game animals (animals for hunting targets). Lorensius Merium Village secretary Randai Positive increase in local economy and employment, local business opportunities, and accessibility, but also decrease in forested land, size of available land, and water quality and quantity Lukasirun Public figure Randai Positive increase in local economy and employment, local business opportunities, and accessibility, but also decrease in forested land, size of available land, and water quality and quantity, and influx of newcomers from outside the region C. Sunandar Chief of village construction/ development Rangkung Positive increase in local economy and employment, local business opportunities, and accessibility, but also decrease in forested land, size of available land, and water quality and quantity PUBLIC SUMMARY January

23 Table 7. Important points from the stakeholder consultation of interim findings for PT CNG and PT KGP on 23 March 2017 Name Position/Role Organization Main Topic & Recommendation Response from Team Assessment Markus Galap Village Head Batu Payung II Village If a river is identified as HCV and upstream it is located under a different company, should it still be managed and how? The river must still be managed by PT CNG/PT KGP and if possible the company and the community coordinate the river management with upstream companies under joint management, to maintain or increase the river s function and conservation value. Efendi BPD Randai Village Recommended the company to build canals that are not too deep so that animals can still pass through If the company does not perform on its commitment to manage HCV or damages the environment, where should the communities complain? Communities can complain to the environmental division of the company. If they get no response, they can report to the Subdistrict chief, and if no response they can report to the BLH (Environmental Agency) Lukas Village Secretary Randai Village Stressed that the public consultation is for locations slated for scheme estate and not the nuclear estate Bujit Subvillage Head Batu Payung Subvillage Anggra Subvillage Head Rangkung Subvillage Correction: Pimpin River is actually Pingpin River Add Lansat River to Rangkung Subvillage PUBLIC SUMMARY January

24 Name Position/Role Organization Main Topic & Recommendation Response from Team Assessment Alian Village Secretary Batu Payung II Village -Recommendation: change Hutan Ria Sebungsu into Riam Sebunsuk -Sengakbak is another name for Pendadaian River -If there are HCVs within the scheme estate, then the area of the estate will decrease and therefore the lands for community partnership will decrease, so where will the company find lands to have enough area for scheme estate target? Daemeter has only been commissioned to identify HCV areas within the company; questions regarding scheme estate distribution should perhaps be asked to the company at another time Supardi Member Traditional Dayak Council of Marau Subdistrict -Expressed hope that the company has high commitments for HCV management -Company needs to consider clean water potential from Gunung Raya forest to distribute to the local communities -Company should conduct early identification of problems within the communities -Expressed hope that the company can involve traditional figures in managing HCV 6 areas Andi Village Head Rangkung Village If the company does not implement HCV management, who will check? HCV management is evaluated during audit process by auditors; if the company does not manage HCVs, it will impact audit results Lakur Subvillage Head Bakung Subvillage Recommendation: Change Daeng Mukti cemetery into Daeng Utik cemetery PUBLIC SUMMARY January

25 Figure 3. HCV 1 area within the cooperative boundaries. PUBLIC SUMMARY January

26 Figure 4. HCV 3 area within the cooperative boundaries and with land systems shown on the background. HCV 3 areas are all remaining forests located within the boundaries. PUBLIC SUMMARY January

27 Figure 5. HCV4 area related to streams, water provision, and flood control services within the cooperative boundaries. PUBLIC SUMMARY January

28 Figure 6. HCV 4 areas related to areas which are important in erosion and sedimentation control within cooperative boundaries. PUBLIC SUMMARY January

29 Figure 7. Location of HCVs 5 and 6 within and surrounding the Cooperative boundaries PUBLIC SUMMARY January

30 HCV MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING Based on the results of the HCV assessment, the CTS Cooperative is identified to have ha of HCV Area. After the public consultation, it has been agreed that the final HCV Management Area is ha, which is approximately 41% of the total area of the cooperative (Table 8). The HCVMA locations are shown on Figure 8. HCV management and monitoring recommendations were made based on threat analysis of each HCV. These threats are identified on Table 9 and the recommendations of appropriate management and monitoring activities based on threat analysis are explained on Table 10. Table 8. HCV area and management area within the CTS cooperative HCV Area(ha) HCV 1 a HCV HCV HCV HCV 6 c Total HCV Area (HCVA) (including overlap) Total HCV Area (HCVA) (without overlap) Total HCVA between outer boundary and wider landscape Can be measured through participatory mapping with communities Total HCV Management Area (HCVMA) Total HCVMA between outer boundary and wider landscape PUBLIC SUMMARY January

31 Table 9. Evaluation of threats against HCV within and surrounding the cooperative estate HCV Brief description of HCV present Main Threats Impacts 3 1 Species diversity There is a protected forest close to the northeast border of the cooperative Riparian buffer zones and forest fragments can support species diversity Critically endangered species: Sunda pangolin or trenggiling (Manis javanica) Threatened or protected species: nine bird species protected under regulations or CITES; 31 mammalian species; kayu ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) Potential migrant birds 3 Rare or threatened ecosystem Natural forest within the cooperative has been cleared intensively or degraded and is under threatened state Forest is considered rare or threatened based on the RePPProT land classes they are in Current Conversion of forest into oil palm, especially riparian forests 6 High level of sedimentation caused by lack of riparian buffers 6 Timber extraction 3 Community wildlife exploitation (including hunting) 5 Potential Increased hunting pressure within the cooperative and the surrounding area 5 Decrease in river water quality due to nutrient leaching/fertilizer and pesticide run off to the 5 river, exacerbated by lack of riparian buffers Pollution by domestic and household waste (e.g., plastic) 3 Current 4 Critical ecosystem services Current There are rivers within the cooperative boundary which should have buffer zones Conversion of forest into oil palm, especially riparian forests 6 Continued degradation and fragmentation in the remaining forests due to company operations and edge effects Loss of riparian buffer zones 6 Water pollution due to agrochemical application Threat method based on the IUCN Threat Classification Scheme Threat Coding: High Medium Low PUBLIC SUMMARY January

32 HCV Brief description of HCV present Main Threats Impacts 3 Tanjung Batu Subvillage supply 100% of water from the river; Selingsing Kuning and Batu Payung depend on the river for 50% of fish needs and 80% of water needs. There are many small but slightly steep areas scattered within the cooperative boundaries that are vulnerable to erosion 5 Basic community needs Tanjung Batu Subvillage supply 100% of water from the river Selingsing Kuning and Batu Payung Subvillages depend on the river for 50% of fish needs and 80% of water needs. 6 Cultural values Belian Betunas, Haur Kuning, and Durian Keramat are sites of cultural value to local communities and are located within the Cooperative Boundaries Loss or contamination of water sources on upstream subvillages 4 Deterioration of hydrological function, specifically river straightening, re-engineering of 5 hydrological flows, scarification of riparian buffer areas Operational activities, leading to silting of rivers, reduction of surface water discharge, 4 increased erosion rates, damage to infrastructure (Roads) due to use of equipment and heavy vehicles Decline in water quality and quantity as forests become degraded and ecosystem service 4 provision (flood and erosion control) decreases Poor construction of roads, bridges, and drains, which may traverse drainage depressions and 3 not designed to minimize sediment runoff, making flooding likely to occur within impacted areas Potential Lack of understanding among company staff regarding erosion potential and steps to be taken 5 to mitigate erosion Soil erosion through operation activities and poor infrastructure 5 Current Companies operations (e.g., land clearing, and clearance of riparian strips and riverbank) 6 within AOI affecting rivers as the sources of fish and water Hunting carried out by community and company staff 1 Potential Timber extraction/clearance which may occur in riparian forests 3 Current Disturbance of/damage to HCV 6 sites by the company s operations 4 Potential Disturbance of HCV 6 sites through existing plantation operations 2 PUBLIC SUMMARY January

33 Table 10. HCV management and monitoring recommendations in CTS cooperative estate and its surroundings HCV Threats Management Recommendations Monitoring Recommendations 1 High level of sedimentation caused by lack of riparian buffers Timber and wildlife exploitation (including hunting) by local communities Conversion of forest into oil palm, especially riparian forests Continued degradation and fragmentation in the remaining forests due to company operations and edge effects 3 Conversion of forest into oil palm, especially riparian forests Continued degradation and fragmentation in the remaining forests due to company operations and edge effects 4 Loss of riparian buffer zones Water pollution due to agrochemical application Loss or contamination of water sources on upstream subvillages Deterioration of hydrological function, specifically river straightening, re-engineering of hydrological flows, scarification of riparian buffer areas Restoration and rehabilitation of riparian zones and where riparian buffers are present, they need to be maintained Riparian buffers, ladang, and enclaves with potential to be wildlife habitat or corridor should be conserved or even rehabilitated Internal and external HCV socialization on HCV species, HCV habitat and areas, and law enforcement on HCV species, including strong warning against hunting protected, rare, or threatened species Further identification, observation, or survey on (1) potential presence of herpetofauna, especially threatened herpetofauna, (2) potential migrant birds, especially in riparian buffers and migration seasons; (3) potential wildlife corridor for species with large home range (e.g., bears and wild cats) for determination of buffer zone for management and monitoring. Erection of HCV signboards at strategic access points Protection of remaining forests from conversion, and if possible, restoration and rehabilitation of remaining forests to create good, well-maintained habitats Collaborate with local wildlife agency (BKSDA) to increase awareness of the importance of forests among staff, workers, and communities Areas important for the regulation of hydrological processes are managed to maintain normal hydrological functions, and where feasible, to restore them where they have been degraded or eliminated. This includes riparian buffer restoration based on recommended widths listed on GOI Regulation 38 Year 2011 (50 m buffer for small rivers and 100 m buffer for larger rivers on both sides of the river). Erection of signboards demarcating buffer zone boundaries at strategic locations. Monitoring HCV 1 species populations in the HCVMA, especially in the remaining forests, riparian buffer zones, and the zone between the estate border and protected forest Community surveys to monitor trends in hunting Periodic patrols along river banks to preserve river areas and evaluate effectiveness of management Create vegetation monitoring plots to monitor growth of rehabilitation vegetation and ensure rehabilitation has positive impacts Community surveys to monitor trends in timber extraction Regular monitoring on land use change and forest regrowth on riparian areas dan riparian forest regeneration River and stream water quality and quantity regular monitoring, ideally with before-after and control-impact method, and the results should be made readily available to communities or monitoring done in conjunction with communities Monitoring of erosion-prone areas to ensure they are not converted into oil palm PUBLIC SUMMARY January

34 HCV Threats Management Recommendations Monitoring Recommendations Operational activities, leading to silting of rivers, reduction of surface water discharge, increased erosion rates, damage to infrastructure (Roads) due to use of equipment and heavy vehicles Decline in water quality and quantity as forests become degraded and ecosystem service provision (flood and erosion control) decreases Poor construction of roads, bridges, and drains, which may traverse drainage depressions and not designed to minimize sediment runoff, making flooding likely to occur within impacted areas 5 Companies operations (e.g., land clearing, and clearance of riparian strips and riverbank) within AOI affecting rivers as the sources of fish and water Hunting carried out by community and company staff 6 Disturbance of/damage to HCV 6 sites by the company s operations Maintenance of plantation in the HCV riparian zones using mechanical treatment, avoiding pesticide usage and replanting procedure in the future Ensure all roads, drains, bridges, and other earthworks are properly constructed and maintained, include reporting of damage and subsequent repair of earthworks Avoid planting oil palm in areas vulnerable to erosion, at the very least in erosion-prone areas that are large enough to be demarcated from the rest of the plantation Use best practice management to prevent or minimalize erosion in areas where oil palm planting cannot be avoided Develop and implement SOPs based on best management practices in oil palm plantations, including road development and maintenance to prevent erosion and water quality maintenance. Operations follow the above recommendations for HCVs 1, 3, and 4 Internal and external socialization on rare, threatened, or protected species Erection of signboard for environmentally friendly fishing e.g., no poisoning or electrocution Current riparian buffer zone should follow the recommendationon GOI Regulation No. 38 Year 2011; in the future, the buffer zone can follow the recommendation of local communities based on participative mapping Where allowed by the community, demarcate HCV 6 areas in the field with marks, signboards, or fences, to ensure disruption to the site does not occur Develop SOPs for the protection and maintenance of HCV 6 areas, starting from building field staff awareness. SOP should also include inputs from local communities, including from participative mapping Use of adaptive management to evaluate and adjust management and monitoring activities as necessary Regular survey on community perception on water quality and quantity Protection of watershed areas and riparian zones through clear demarcation between plantation and those areas Periodic patrols in watershed areas Have a regular program, at least twice a year, of inspection and reporting to ensure HCV 6 sites are not disturbed and as evidence that the company is protecting the sites Identify impact of the companies operations in identified areas PUBLIC SUMMARY January

35 HCV Threats Management Recommendations Monitoring Recommendations Company needs to document and create buffer zone around HCV 6 areas, such as by marking HCV 6 areas on the field, in all company maps, and in GIS database. Participative mapping with local communities can help determine the size of the buffer zone. The company must obtain written consent and ratification by the community involved if operational activities have potential effects on HCV 6 areas PUBLIC SUMMARY January

36 Figure 8. HCV Management Areas which include rivers, riparian buffer zones, and forests within the CTS Cooperative boundaries PUBLIC SUMMARY January