Ecosol Bio Filter Technical Specification. environmentally engineered for a better future. Ecosol WASTEWATER FILTRATION SYSTEMS

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1 Bio Filter Technical Specification environmentally engineered for a better future

2 CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction 1.1 How and Why the Bio Filter Works 2.0 Warranty and Life Expectancy 3.0 Safety Considerations 4.0 Environmental Impact 5.0 Key Features and Benefits 6.0 Key Dimensions 6.1 Key Dimensions Bio Filter Wet Sump Option 6.2 Key Dimensions Bio Filter Dry Sump Option 7.0 Pollutant Removal Efficiencies 8.0 MUSIC Modelling Guidelines 8.1 Product performance 8.2 Creating the node 9.0 Design Guidelines 10.0 Hydraulic Specification 11.0 Cleaning and Maintenance 12.0 Monitoring, Cleaning and Maintenance Service 13.0 Applications and Configurations 14.0 Turnkey Service 15.0 Accreditation 16.0 Supplier Technical Product Contact Details Appendix 1 - GPT Essential Information Form Appendix 2 - References Page 1

3 1.0 Introduction Increasingly stringent environmental best management practice requires planners and developers to apply a fit-for-purpose treatment train approach to stormwater treatment to achieve today s water quality objectives (WQO's). An integral element to any good WSUD is primary treatment or pre-screening of stormwater flows to remove coarse sediment and gross pollutants prior to downstream secondary or tertiary treatment systems such as Bio Filtration systems (also known as Bioretention Systems and Rain Gardens). The Bio Filter is a modern, modular fully self-contained stormwater treatment system that provides effective primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of stormwater flows in one compact device. The system has been designed to provide a robust and durable cost effective aesthetically attractive kerb-side treatment system. The system is filled with porous filter media and planted with vegetation to remove pollutants from stormwater runoff using natural and physical processes. Figure 1 - Typical Rain Garden modular Bio Filter In developing this innovative stormwater treatment system careful consideration has been given to durability, longevity, cost and maintainability. Key commercial technical features include: low visual impact and energy footprint; designed hydraulics with proven perormance and longevity; scalable adaptable design; and cost effective maintenance regime. Figure 2 - Typical Modular Bio Filter with primary treatment chamber for street scale applications. This technical manual describes the operation and performance characteristics of the system. Page 2

4 1.1 How and Why the Bio Filter Works Bio filters are an integral part of a total treatment train approach and are able to be applied at street scale to capture and treat stormwater runoff close to its source. Bio filters also commonly referred to as rain gardens are configured as vegetated filtration systems with a collection pit and are designed to remove fine suspended solids and dissolved pollutants. The system operates by filtering stormwater runoff through densely planted vegetation and then percolating the runoff through a prescribed porous filter media. Extended detention within the system acts to slow incoming stormwater, allowing suspended particles to settle. The stormwater then seeps through the underlying sand, soil or gravel filter media, where physical, chemical and biological processes contribute to pollutant removal. The Bio Filter is a fully self-contained modular system supplied to site ready to install thereby reducing onsite construction lead-times and disruption to the general public. The product is unique in that it provides not only conventional tertiary biofiltration treatment of fine suspended solids and dissolved pollutants conveyed in stormwater flows but it also incorporates a primary treatment chamber to capture and retain the larger gross litter loadings that often impede the performance of the Biofilter. Effectively the Bio Filter is a fully self-contained treatment train system. Bio Filter Dry Sump Figure 3 - Bio Filter Cross Section, Dry Sump configuration Page 3

5 2.0 Warranty and Life Expectancy The Bio Filter has a one-year warranty covering all components and workmanship. will rectify any defects that fall within the warranty period. The warranty does not cover damage caused by vandalism and may be invalidated by inappropriate cleaning procedures or where the unit is not cleaned and maintained within the recommended frequency. The Bio Filter is designed to meet strict engineering guidelines and manufacturers guarantees and is one of the most durable stormwater treatment systems available. The stainless steel components have a life expectancy of 15 years while the precast concrete pit has a life expectancy of 50 years providing appropriate maintenance practices are employed. 3.0 Safety Considerations The simple, yet effective design of the Bio Filter reduces OH&S risks as most of the work is undertaken in a controlled factory environment. The unit arrives to site complete and ready for installation reducing significantly on-site time, an important factor given the costs associated with delays that can be caused by inclement weather. 4.0 Environmental Impact is accredited to ISO 14001:2004 (Environment) and undertakes all manufacturing and construction within the requirements of this Standard. Hence, its carbon impact is limited and as the Bio Filter is housed in a pre-cast pit and is usually located underground it is aesthetically unobtrusive. Further the installation of the system provides a positive outcome for the environment significantly reducing the volume of pollutants conveyed in stormwater runoff from reaching receiving waterways. Page 4

6 5.0 Key Features and Benefits The flexible modular design (linear, tree pits, planter boxes, wet and dry sump Bio Filters) allows the system to fit into many different locations. In addition the specially selected soil filter media provides good removal of sediment and heavy metals and with careful selection of the vegetation improved nutrient removal rates is achievable. Further they require less space than other infiltration systems due to their higher infiltration rate and will improve water quality and reduce erosion and scouring. Key Features Hydraulics Pollutant Capture and Reten on Design and Construc on Cleaning and Maintenance Environmental Impact Tried and Tested Benefits Designed and managed hydraulics optimizes performance. Designed ponding increases infiltration capactiy. Treats 100% of the designed treatable flow rate. High Capture efficiency of TSS, TP and TN. Unique primary treatment chamber reduces inlet velocities. whilst capturing gross pollutants and improving the operational life of the tertiary treatment chamber. Meets best practice stormwater management strategies. Modular System with all internal plumbing factory fitted reducing on site installation time and cost. Durable pre-cast concrete tank with a design life of 50 years. Simple, compact trafficable design. Cost effective system to maintain. System has an operational life of 20 to 30 years. Systems can aesthtically enhance street scape designs. Primary, and tertiary treatment solution within one compact system. Widely recognised treatment measure. Table 1 - Bio Filter Key Features and Benefits Page 5

7 m³ 6.0 Key Dimensions The Bio Filter is a multi-chamber engineered precast concrete system consisting of an inlet chamber with a removable primary filtration basket into which stormwater enters from a typical kerb inlet. Gross Pollutants (>200 micron) are captured and retained in this basket helping protect the engineered infiltration media and vegetation from premature blocking. The unique design of the inlet chamber (also known as a fore-bay chamber) also enables free-floating oils and hydrocarbons, such as cooking and motor oils that do not emulsify in aqueous solution, to be captured and retained, again helping protect the infiltration media and plant life. The stormwater runoff then continues into the tertiary treatment chamber at designed inlet flow velocities where extended detention allows stormwater to pond to a depth up to 300mm above the filter (known as the detention/ponding zone). The stormwater runoff then slowly filters through the vegetated filter media where physical and biological processes remove pollutants. Treated water then flows through the transition and drainage layer into the underdrain pipes and then back to the drainage system. The system is also designed with an overflow bypass weir. The table below highlights the key dimensions for the range of Bio Filters Product Code Length (m) Approximate External Product Dimensions Width (m) Depth below finished surface level (m) Wet System Dry System Designed Loading Class Heaviest Li Wet System Tonnes Dry System Maximum Designed Treatable Flow Rate ml/s Maximum Deten on (ponding) Depth (mm) Bio Filter D Bio Filter D , Bio Filter D , Bio Filter D , Table 2 - Bio Filter Key Dimensions The Bio Filter is available in either dry or wet sump configurations. Tables 3 to 7 confirm the media type, depths and volume as supplied with each system. Designed infiltration rates may vary with different media suppliers. Page 6

8 m³ m³ 6.1 Key Dimensions Bio Filter Wet Sump Option Bio-retention systems can be configured in a range of ways and can include a saturated zone (also known as a submerged zone) for improved nutrient removal and plant survival during dry periods or in marginal rainfall climates. The below data provides information on the Bio Filter wet sump configuration. The general configuration for the modular wet sump bio filter consists of a total filter depth of 1250mm from the outlet baffle invert allowing for a 450mm deep submerged zone. Therefore a minimum drop through the system of 800mm is required. Product Code Infiltra on Bed Dimensions Surface Area (mm) (m²) Bio Filter x Bio Filter x Bio Filter x Bio Filter x Figure 4 - Bio Filter Cross Section, Wet Sump configuration Table 3 - Bio Filter Infiltration bed key dimensions Filter Media Details Product Code Deten on Zone Infiltra on Zone Transi on Layer Volume Ponding Depth Volume of Material Material Layer Depth Volume of Material Material Layer Depth (mm) Bio Filter 600 1,125L 300mm 1.50m³ 400mm 0.375m³ 150 Bio Filter 750 1,782L 300mm 2.38m³ 400mm 0.594m³ 150 Bio Filter 900 2,646L 300mm 3.53m³ 400mm 0.882m³ 150 Bio Filter ,320L 300mm 5.80m³ 400mm 1.440m³ 150 Table 4 Key Filter Media details Page 7

9 m³ 6.1 Key Dimensions Bio Filter - Wet Sump Option continued Features Detention Zone The Bio Filter is designed to have a maximum detention zone of 300mm indepth. Infiltration Zone This is the top layer of filter media (in the unsaturated zone). This should be well graded material consisting of a Bio Retention Filter Media. It should have particle size ranges present from to the 4.75mm sieve (as defined by AS ) and should be certified to the FAWB and Healthy Waterways guidelines. The recommended depth of the infiltration zone for the Bio Filter is 400mm. Product Code Bio Filter 600 Bio Filter 750 Volume 1.125m³ 1.782m³ Filter Media Details con nued Submerged Filter Media Zone Material Layer Depth 300mm 300mm Volume of Material 0.562m³ 0.891m³ Drainage Layer Material Layer Depth 150mm 150mm Bio Filter m³ 300mm 1.323m³ 150mm Bio Filter m³ 300mm 2.160m³ 150mm Table 5 Key Filter Media details continued Transition Layer The transition layer shall consist of clean well graded sand material containing <2% fines. The transition layer depth is typically 100mm consisting of a Bio coarse sand. Submerged Filter Media Zone (optional to wet sump systems only) The filter media (in the submerged zone) should be well graded consisting of sand and carbon source. It should have particle size ranges present from to the 4.75mm sieve (as defined by AS ) and should be at a typical depth of 300mm above the underdrain collection pipes. Drainage layer The drainage layer consists of clean washed, fine gravel such as 2 5mm washed screenings and is designed to avoid migration of the filter media layer material into the drainage layer. The drainage layer collects the treated stormwater and conveys it to the submerged filter zone. It should have an approximated depth of 150mm. Underdrain Collection Pipes The Under Drain Collection Pipes consists of 100mm diameter class 400 slotted or perforated collection pipes. This has been specifically designed and modelled to ensure that water is able to freely drain away from the filtration media thereby not adversely affecting its performance. In addition they are protected with a drain coil filter sock. Page 8

10 m³ m³ 6.2 Key Dimensions Bio Filter Dry Sump Option Dry sump Bio-retention systems are often preferred over wet sump systems consisting of a saturated zone. Often plant selection and rainfall play an important role in deciding the best option for your application. The general configuration for the modular dry sump bio filter consists of a total filter depth of 950mm from outlet baffle invert. Therefore a minimum drop through the system of 950mm is required. Product Code Infiltra on Bed Dimensions Surface Area (mm) (m²) Bio Filter x Bio Filter x Bio Filter x Bio Filter x Figure 5 - Bio Filter Cross Section, Dry Sump configuration Table 6 - Infiltration bed key dimensions Filter Media Details Product Code Deten on Zone Infiltra on Zone Transi on Layer Drainage Layer Volume Ponding Depth Volume of Material Material Layer Depth Volume of Material Material Layer Depth Volume of Material Material Layer Depth Bio Filter 600 1,125L 300mm 1.50m³ 400mm 0.375m³ m³ 150mm Bio Filter 750 1,782L 300mm 2.38m³ 400mm 0.594m³ m³ 150mm Bio Filter 900 2,646L 300mm 3.53m³ 400mm 0.882m³ m³ 150mm Bio Filter ,320L 300mm 5.80m³ 400mm 1.440m³ m³ 150mm Table 7 Key Filter Media details Page 9

11 6.2 Key Dimensions Bio Filter Dry Sump Option continued Key Features Detention Zone The Bio Filter is designed to have a maximum detention zone of 300mm indepth. Infiltration Zone This is the top layer of filter media (in the unsaturated zone). This should be well graded material consisting of a Bio Retention Filter Media. It should have particle size ranges present from to the 4.75mm sieve (as defined by AS ) and should be certified to the FAWB and Healthy Waterways guidelines. The recommended depth of the infiltration zone for the Bio Filter is 400mm. Transition Layer The transition layer shall consist of clean well graded sand material containing <2% fines. The transition layer depth is typically 100mm consisting of a Bio coarse sand. Drainage Layer The drainage layer consists of clean washed, fine gravel such as 2 5mm washed screenings and is designed to avoid migration of the filter media layer material into the drainage layer. The drainage layer collects the treated stormwater and conveys it to the underdrain pipes and has a typical depth of 150mm (above the underdrain collection pipes) for a dry sump system. Underdrain Collection Pipes The Under Drain Collection Pipes consists of 100mm diameter class 400 slotted or perforated collection pipes. This has been specifically designed and modelled to ensure that water is able to freely drain away from the filtration media thereby not adversely affecting its performance. In addition they are protected with a drain coil filter sock. The products engineered media for the range of Bio Filters is supplied and installed separately. Installation and operation of the Bio Filter is recommended once site conditions have stabilised. The under drain collection pipes, geo-fabric, inlet primary filtration basket and Ductile Iron access covers are supplied factory fitted with the Bio Filter. For optimal performance a temporary ponding depth of 300mm above the infiltration layer is recommended. Careful selection of the most appropriate vegetation is necessary to ensure optimal performance of your Biofilter. can supply the system complete with appropriate plants ready for installation. Alternatively you can select your own, however we recommend you consult with your local council to determined preferred species or refer to the "Adoption Guidelines for Stormwater Biofiltration Systems Table 15, List of known species released July 2015 as part of the CRC for Water Sensitive Cities. Page 10

12 7.0 Pollutant Removal Efficiencies In recent years modern Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) objectives and principles now applied to most urban development s require more onerous water quality objectives (WQO,s) specifically targeting the removal of suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals. The Bio Filter is designed to carry out multiple treatment processes of stormwater within the one compact modular system. Its design complies with Water Sensitive Urban Design, and best stormwater management practice which typically predicts that an appropriately sized system will achieve the following removal efficiencies: Expected Pollutant Removal Efficiencies Pollutants Gross Pollutants (>2000μm) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) ( μm) Total Phosphorous (TP) Total Nitrogen (TN) Heavy Metals Total Petroleum/Hydrocarbon Capture Efficiency (Up to) 99% 95% 65% 50% 90% 70% Table 8: Estimated pollutant removal efficiency s for the Bio Filter Quoted removal efficiencies are based on 100%surface run-off from the catchment being treated by the Bio Filter up to its maximum designed infiltration flow rate without by-pass and with an extended detention depth of 300mm. The system provides a high level of treatment in a relatively small surface footprint. It can also be configured to include a saturated zone for improved nutrient removal and plant survival during dry periods.. Page 11

13 m³ 7.0 Pollutant Removal Efficiencies continued Primary Treatment Pollutant Holding Capacities The Bio Filter is a multi-chamber engineered pre-cast concrete system consisting of an inlet chamber with a removable primary filtration basket into which stormwater enters from a typical kerb inlet. Gross Pollutants (>200 micron) are captured and retained in this basket helping protect the engineered infiltration media and vegetation from premature blocking. The unique design of the inlet chamber also enables free floating oils and hydrocarbons, such as cooking and motor oils that do not emulsify in aqueous solution, to be captured and retained. This main benefit of this primary treatment inlet chamber is that it provides protection for the tertiary treatment chamber and extends its operational life. Primary treatment chamber pollutant holding capaci es Volume Gross Pollutants Descrip on Anthropogenic material including trash, li er and organic ma er such as vegeta on (generally >5mm in diameter) Holding Capacity 0.045m³ (0.54Kg) Silts and Sediment Coarse to medium silts and sedimenta on 0.072m³ (0.86Kg) Hydrocarbons Free Floa ng oils and hydrocarbons such as cooking and motor oils that do not emulsify in aqueous solu on 67L Table 9 - Bio Filter Primary Filtration Treatment Chamber Details Primary treatment inlet chamber to the Bio Filter. Page 12

14 8.0 MUSIC Modelling Guidelines These guidelines provide instruction to the creation and application of a treatment node for the Bio Filter for the Model for Urban Stormwater Improvement Conceptualisation (MUSIC). The Bio Filter can be modelled in MUSIC using the Bio Retention node to represent the results derived from independent testing summarised in the Adoption Guidelines for Stormwater Biofiltration Systems released July 2015 as part of the CRC for Water Sensitive Cities. The guidelines apply to the creation of the treatment node within MUSIC v Product performance Extensive independent laboratory, and field testing of Biofiltration systems has been completed by the CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, this testing is publically available and comprehensibly tests the efficiency and best design for Biofiltration systems in Australian conditions. uses the design recommendations set out in their guidelines to ensure our systems operate effectively and efficiently removing high levels of target pollutants and reducing ongoing costs compared to devices which rely solely on a media for removal of pollutants. 8.2 Creating the Node Two methods exist within the MUSIC model for creating an appropriate node for the Bio Filter. The first (Option 1) consists of selecting the Bio Retention node for the Bio Filter and then the inlet fore-bay of the Bio Filter needs to be modelled using a Generic node removing TSS and GP. Option 2 requires the establishment of a Generic treatment node. Option 1 Step 1 Insert a Bio Filter treatment node into your model by selecting Bio Retention under the treatment nodes menu. When the node is created the node properties dialog is displayed. There are several changes that need to be made in this dialog. Adjust the text in the Location box to read Bio Filter plus any other relevant information (600 or 3.75m2 etc). Adjust the low flow bypass to reflect any flow (m3/sec) diverted away from the unit before treatment (usually zero). Adjust the high flow bypass to reflect the treatable flow rate (m3/sec) any higher flows will bypass treatment. NOTES: Can be used to describe assumptions or location of reduction values for authority approvals. Page 13

15 8.2 Creating the Node continued As there are also a number of standard values consistent for all Bio Filter models (some of these values can be adjusted if required) the below table provides values for the detention details and the filter media details for the Bio Filter. Table 11 provides values for the weir width and surface and filter media areas for the Bio Filter. Standard Value Extended Deten on Depth Filter Media Depth TN Content Orthophosphate Content Hydrualic Conduc vity 0.3m 0.4m 500mg/kg 40mg/kg 224mm/hr Table 10 - Bio Filter, detention and filter media values Bio Filter Model Surface Area (m²) Filter Area (m²) Weir Width (m) Bio Filter Bio Filter 750 Bio Filter Bio Filter 1050 Heavy Metals n/a 2.4 n/a Table 11 - Bio Filter, weir width, surface and filter values Page 14

16 8.2 Creating the Node continued Option 1 Step 2 In conjunction with the use of the Bio Retention node for the Bio Filter, the inlet fore-bay of the Bio Filter needs to be modelled using a Generic node removing TSS and GP. Insert a Generic treatment node into your model by selecting Generic under the treatment nodes menu. When the node is created the node properties dialog is displayed. There are several changes that need to be made in this dialog. Adjust the text in the Location box to read Bio Filter plus any other relevant information (600, 750 etc). Adjust the low flow bypass to reflect any flow (m3/sec) diverted away from the unit before treatment (usually zero). Adjust the high flow bypass to reflect the treatable flow rate (TFR values are detailed in table 14) (m3/sec) any higher flows will bypass treatment. NOTES: Can be used to describe assumptions or location of reduction values for authority approvals. Adjust the transfer function for each pollutant, selecting the pollutant and editing (right click on the function point) the input and output values on the graph below to reflect the capture efficiencies (CE) of the treatment device. Table 13 provides the input and output values for the Bio Filter. It is important to select the appropriate Treatable Flow Rate relevant to the Bio Filter configuration selected (Table 14). An representative can assist you in selecting the most appropriately sized unit for your next project Pollutant Removal Rate (% Up to) Entered Input Value Entered Output Value Total Suspended Solids ( μm) Total Phosphorus n/a n/a Total Nitrogen 0 Gross Pollutants (>3000μm) Total Petroleum/ Hydrocarbon Table 12 - Bio Filter Inlet Basket and Fore-bay Once the transfer functions and bypass flow rates have been defined for each of the parameters the node has been fully defined. When completed the properties window can be closed by clicking the Finish button Page 15

17 8.2 Creating the Node continued Option 2 Insert a Generic Treatment node into your model by selecting Generic under the treatment nodes menu. When the node is created the node properties dialog is displayed. There are several changes that need to be made in this dialog. Adjust the text in the Location box to read Bio Filter plus any other relevant information (600, 750 etc.) Adjust the low flow bypass to reflect any flow (m3/sec) diverted away from the unit before treatment (usually zero) Adjust the high flow bypass to reflect the treatable flow rate (TFR values are detailed in table 14) (m3/sec) any higher flows will bypass treatment. NOTES: Can be used to describe assumptions or location of reduction values for authority approvals. Adjust the transfer function for each pollutant, selecting the pollutant and editing (right click on the function point) the input and output values on the graph below to reflect the capture efficiencies (CE) of the treatment device. Table 13 provides the input and output values for the Bio Filter. It is important to select the appropriate Treatable Flow Rate relevant to the Bio Filter configuration selected (Table 14). An representative can assist you in selecting the most appropriately sized unit for your next project. Once the transfer functions and bypass flow rates have been defined for each of the parameters the node has been fully defined. When completed the properties window can be closed by clicking the Finish button. Pollutant Removal Rate (% Greater than) Entered Input Value Entered Output Value Total Suspended Solids ( μm) Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen Gross Pollutants (>2000μm) 95¹ 65² 50³ Heavy Metals 90 n/a n/a Total Petroleum/ Hydrocarbon 70 n/a n/a Pathgens 1 Log reduc on⁴ n/a n/a Table 13 - Bio Filter input and output values 1(Blecken et al., 2007, Hatt et al., 2007) 2(Davis et al., 2006, Hsieh et al., 2007, Glaister et al., 2014) 3(Fletcher et al., 2007, Henderson et al., 2007, Zinger et al., 2007, Payne et al., 2014) 4(Zhang et al., 2011, Zinger & Deletic, 2012, Chandrasena et al, 2012, Chandrasena et al, 2014) Page 16

18 8.2 Creating the node continued Bio Filter Unit Configura on Standard drop Surface to outlet invert (mm) Dimensions Length x Width (mm) Treatable Flow Rate (L/s) Bio Filter 600 1,375 4,500 x 1, Bio Filter 750 1,375 5,600 x Bio Filter 900 1,375 6,500 x Bio Filter 1050 Heavy Metals 1, ,450 x 2950 n/a n/a Table 14 - Bio Filter High Flow Bypass Once the transfer functions and bypass flow rates have been defined for each of the parameters the node has been fully defined. When completed the properties window can be closed by clicking the Finish button.. Page 17

19 9.0 Design Guidelines To ensure your system is appropriately designed for its intended application and meets local water quality objectives it is essential that the following minimum information is provided. Confirm the required treatable flow rate this is the minimum stormwater run-off volume that must be treated. Typically this is the 1 in 3 month to 1 in 1 year ARI. Confirm the maximum design flow capacity from the catchment. This is important as it allows us to appropriately design and model the system to cater for these peak flows at minimal headloss. Confirm the total impervious catchment area and connecting outlet pipe location dimensions and depths Confirm local water quality objectives - Recent state governmental planning policies have established clear stormwater quality bench mark objectives for local and regional councils. Accordingly local and regional council water sensitive urban design objectives have been amended to meet these stormwater pollution reduction targets. It is important we are provided this information specific to your site and local council regulations so that we can clearly advise you of the products removal efficiency relevant to these WQO s. For further assistance in sizing or specifying a system for your next project please complete the form in Appendix 1 and forward to your local representative. s engineering team is able to provide a comprehensive design proposal for almost any project where the Bio Filter is proposed either individually or in conjunction with any other filtration systems working together in a treatment-train approach. Services offered include preliminary hydraulic, structural, and total concept designs, as well as consideration to access and hardstand designs for cleaning and maintenance. This includes MUSIC (Model for Urban Stormwater Improvement Conceptualisation) modelling, ACAD drawings and product specifications together with maintenance schedules and associated costs. Further, can also undertake all civil and structural installation works, and our complete turnkey service also includes full maintenance of the proposed stormwater treatment systems and reporting. Page 18

20 m³ 10.0 Hydraulic Specification Treatable Flow Rate (TFR) is defined as the maximum flow rate (also known as the infiltration flow rate) through the Bio Filter before the flow overtops the designed by-pass overflow weir within the system. TFR is constrained by the infiltration capacity (Hydraulic Conductivity) of the engineered filter media and vegetation. Extensive testing was undertaken at actual designed media depths to avoid any possible error in interpolating TFR data. Product Code Maximum Designed Treatable Flow Rate Maximum Deten on (ponding) Depth Maximum Internal By-pass Flow Capacity L/s (mm) L/s Bio Filter Bio Filter Bio Filter Bio Filter Table 15 - Bio Filter Hydraulic Information The overflow chamber within the Bio Filter consists of an Drop Trap to ensure at an absolute minimum primary treatment of by-passing flows and also to provide temporary storage of treated stormwater flows. When the water levels and flows in the Bio Filter exceed the extended detention depth in the tertiary treatment chamber, stormwater is then conveyed to the overflow chamber and then into the downstream drainage system. However unlike other designs the Bio Filter unit will always capture and retain gross pollutants within its primary treatment chambers. The over flow (by-pass) chamber has been designed to discharge a flow capacity exceeding flows conveyed to the unit. Page 19

21 11.0 Cleaning and Maintenance When designing the Bio Filter careful consideration was given to ensure it was able to be maintained easily. Multiple access points over each chamber have been incorporated into the design providing safe access. As with all filtration systems the Bio Filter should be regularly maintained. The maintenance frequency and cost depends heavily on the catchment type and runoff quality and quantity. One of the key advantages of the Bio Filter is that the primary filtration basket can be manually cleaned. As this is most likely to need regular maintenance, having the ability to clean it manually significantly reduces ongoing third party maintenance costs. The wet sump chamber containing captured coarse sediment and hydrocarbons will need to be cleaned at recommended intervals with a small vacuum truck removing all retained contaminants with each clean. Regular inspection and maintenance is necessary to maintain the performance of your Bio Filter. The below table provides a guide of key activities for maintenance of your system. Item Inlet primary treatment chamber Ter ary treatment chamber (Bio Filtra on) Outlet (overflow) chamber Structural Components Activity Remove by either manual or vaccum method all captured and retained gross pollutants from within the pre-screening inlet litter basket. Remove by vaccum method all captured and retained hydrocarbons and settled coarse sediment from within the inlet primary treatment chamber. Regularly check for agal biofirms that may develop on the surface of the filter media leading to clogging. Monitor ponding levels and infiltration rates following a rain event. Remove any sediment build-up and scarify the filter media surface when necessary. Check for evidence of preferrential flow paths or scouring and replace filter media and place rock protection to eroded areas as required. Check mulch and ensure even distribution and that it is clear of plant stems and replace as necessary. Inspect plant health and cover. Remove any weeds and water plants if necessary. Remove by either manual or vaccum method all captured and retained gross pollutants from within the overflow litter basket. Remove from the overflow chamber by vacuum method any build-up of debris or sediment. Inspect all structural elements to ensure structural integrity. Ensure all inlets, outlets and overflows from the system are free from debris. Reccomended Frequency Every 3 months or immediately after a rain event. Every 3 months or immediately after a rain event. Every 3 months or immediately after a rain event. Every 3 months or immediately after a rain event. Every 3 months. Every 3 months. Every 3 months. Every 3 months. Every 3 months or immediately after a rain event. Every 3 months or immediately after a rain event. Annually. Annually. Table 16 - Bio Filter Functions of each Chamber and Cleaning Frequency Page 20

22 12.0 Monitoring, Cleaning, and Maintenance Service An essential element of any good stormwater management program includes regular inspections, cleaning, and maintenance of installed Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices (SQIDS) to ensure that they continue to capture and retain pollutants to their designed specifications without premature by-pass and without any adverse impact on the drainage capacity of the stormwater conduit that it is installed on. Cleaning frequencies, methodologies and even they equipment used to maintain these systems will vary depending on the type of device installed the catchment type, size and rainfall patterns. At we offer: a competitive cleaning and maintenance service; a long-standing record in safe work practices, supported by Quality Assured processes; in-depth knowledge and experience with all popular types and brands of Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices (SQIDS); a complete understanding of pollution removal and disposal regulations and processes that ensures your unit is cleaned effectively and efficiently without risk of damage; and useful, easy-to-read reports, allowing you to track performance and pollution loading. Page 21

23 13.0 Applications and Configurations continued The versatile Bio Filter design is ideally suited for use in new urban green-field developments or can be easily retrofitted into existing kerbside urban drainage networks. As a modular precast concrete unit, it is supplied to site with all internal components pre-factory fitted ensuring simple on site installation of the unit. In addition can also supply seperately the internal filter medias along with plants if requested by the client. It has a range of applications including: Industrial and commercial sites such as car parks and shopping centres; High density residential housing developments. The Bio Filter can be installed typically within the parking lane or verge of the road. Depending on the number of units installed the sysem can treat runoff from single lots up to entire streets. Typical commercial car park installation of the Bio Filter unit.. Typical residential kerb-side installation Page 22

24 14.0 Turnkey Services s design and estimating staff provide a dedicated management approach towards your project. In addition all staff are capable of liaising with the client, the consulting engineer, the contractor, and all other interested third parties to achieve a successful outcome Accreditation is accredited to AS/NZS ISO (Environment) and AS/NZS 9001:2008 (Quality). Our commitment to continuously improving our products and services is demonstrated by our ongoing accreditation for Quality and Environmental Management. is also committed to a safe environment for its employees. We are fully third-party accredited to AS/NZS 4801: Suppiler and Technical Product Contact Details For any maintenance or technical product enquiries please contact: Pty Ltd Tel: Fax: info@ecosol.com.au Page 23

25 Appendix 1 Bio Filter Essential Information Form To ensure your system is appropriately designed for its intended application and meets local water quality objectives it is essential that the following minimum information is provided: Contact Person: Company Name: Phone: Fax: Customer Details Project and Site Information Project Name: Project Address: Type of Development/Catchment Type: Pollutant Removal Targets (%): Gross Pollutants (>2000μm) Site Water Quality Objectives (WQO s) Total Suspended Solids ( μm) Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen Heavy Metals Total Petroleum/ Hydrocarbon Other Local Authority: Device Location: Total Catchment Area & percentage of impervious area Designed Discharge (Peak ARI Flow Rate) L/s: Treatable Flow Rate (L/s): Outlet Pipe Diameter/Size Depth to Outlet pipe invert level Preferred access cover type and loading (Grated or solid top) (Class A, B or D) Other essential design or site relevant information: Please forward the above information for your next project to your local representative. On receipt will model and design the most appropriately sized system to suit your application to assist you achieve the project Water Sensitive Urban Design objectives. - info@ecosol.com.au or Fax: Page 24

26 Appendix 2 References Blecken, G. T., Zinger. Y., Muthanna, T. M., Deletic, A., Fletcher, T. D. & Viklander, M The influence of temperature on nutrient treatment efficiency in stormwater biofilter systems. Water Science & Technology. 56, Chandrasena, G. I., Deletic, A., Ellerton, J. & McCarthy, D Evaluating Escherichia Coli removal performances in stormwater biofilters: A laboratory scale study. Water Science & Technology, 66, Chandrasena, G. I., Pham, T., Payne, E. G., Deletic, A. & McCarthy, D Escherichia Coli removal in laboratory scale stormwater biofilters: Influence of vegetation and submerged zone. Journal of Hydrology, 519, Part A, Davis, A. P., Shokouhian, M., Sharma, H. & Minami, C Water Quality Improvement through Bioretention Media: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal. Water Environment Research, 78, 284. Deletic et al. (2014). Biofilters and wetlands for stormwater treatment and harvesting, Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Monash University, October Fletcher, T. D., Zinger. Y., Deletic, A. & Bratieres, K Treatment efficiency of biofilters: results of a large scale biofilter column study. Proceedings of the 13th International Rainwater Catchment Systems Conference and 5th International Water Sensitive Urban Design Conference, August Sydney, Australia. Glasister, B., Cook, P., Fletcher, T. & Hatt, B Long term phosphorus accumulation in stormwater biofiltration systems at the field scale Proceedings of the 8th International Water Sensitive Urban Design Conference, November 2013, Gold Coast, Queensland. Engineers Australia. Page 25

27 Appendix 2 continued References Hatt, B. E., & Fletcher, T. D Stormwater reuse: Designing biofiltration systems for reliable treatment. Water Science & Technology, 55(4), Henderson, C., Greenway, M. & Phillips, I Removal of dissolved nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon from stormwater by biofiltration mesocosms Water Science &Technology, 55, Hsieh, C., Davis, A. P. & Needelman, B. A Bioretention Column Studies of Phosphorus Removal from Urban Stormwater Runoff. Water Environment Research, 79, 177. Payne, E. G., Fletcher, T. D., Cook, P. L., Deletic, A. & Hatt, B. E Processes and drivers of nitrogen removal in stormwater biofiltration. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 44, Payne, E. G., Hatt, B. E., Deletic, A., Dobbie, M. F., McCarthy, T. D. & Chandrasena, G. I Adoption Guidelines for Stormwater Biofiltration Systems, Melbourne, Australia: Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities. Zhang, L., Seagren, E. A., Davis, A. P. & Karns, J. S Long-Term Sustainablilty of Escherichia Coli Removal in Conventional Bioretention Media. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 137, Zinger. Y. & Deletic, A Kfar-Sava Biofilter: The first milestone towards creating water sensitive cities in Israel. Monash Water for liveability, Monash University, Jewish National Fund of Australia Inc., CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, December Zinger. Y., Fletcher, T. D., Deletic, A., Blecken, G. T., & Viklander, M Optimisation of the nitrogen capacity of stormwater biofiltration systems. Proceedings of Novatech The 6th international conference on sustainable techniques and strategies in urban water management, June 2007, Lyon, France. Page 26

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