Guidance Book 2017 (1)

Transcription

1 Guidance Book 2017 on the European Directive 2010/75/EU IED Industrial Emissions Directive under the influence of the new European standards Greenhouse Gas Trading Directive 2010/75/EU of 24 th November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (IED) European Standard EN Stationary source emissions - Quality assurance of automated measuring systems European Standard EN Air quality Certification of automated measuring systems GHG Emission Monitoring (European-, UNFCCC-Guidelines) (1) 1

2 Contents The European Directives... 6 New European Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial Emissions (IED)... 6 WID - Directive on the incineration of waste... 7 Waste Incineration Directive requirements...7 Emission limit values for waste incineration plants (continuous measurements, standardised at 11 % O2, mineral waste oil at 3 % O2)...8 Emission limit values acc. to WID up to 40 % thermal co-incineration... 8 C Proc for combustion plants co-incinerating waste...9 Special Cement Plant Regulation LCPD - Directive 2001/80/EC on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants LCPD 2001/80/EC Requirements Emission limit values (mg/nm3) for combustion plants using solid fuels Emission limit values (mg/nm3) for combustion plants using liquid fuels Emission limit values (mg/nm3) for combustion plants using gaseous fuels Emission limit values (mg/nm3) for combustion plants of gas turbines and gas engines EN EN Quality assurance for automatic measuring equipment QAL 1 Testing the suitability of the equipment technology QAL 2 Installation/calibration testing QAL 3 Continuous monitoring AST Annual Surveillance Test EN Emission Data Evaluation and Assessment Validation Validity of the calibration curve Logging and documentation for verification Classification (required by authority in Germany) Minimum requirements CEN TC264 WG9 WI Stationary source emissions Quality assurance of AMS data First Level Data (FLD) Standardised first level data (SFLD) Abveraged first level data (AFLD) Short-Term Average (STA) Standardises short-term average (SSTA) Validated short-term average (VSTA) Validated Long Term Averages (VLTA) QAL3 procedure Calibration range check Standardisation of concentrations and flue gas flow data Block averages Rolling averages

3 System D-EMS 2000 and D-EMS 2000 CS Basic system with the D-MS 500 KE communication unit Price effective compact system D-EMS 2000 CS for small and middle sized plants System with the D-MS 500 FC DIN-rail System for direct bus connection Overall system with all available software modules Applications Smaller-sized plants Medium-sized plants Complex plants Greenhouse Gas Trading The Clean Development Mechanism Monitoring requirements Good monitoring practice and performance characteristics Minimum requirements for electronic evaluation units Example CDM project AM DURAG GROUP Measuring Devices for Emissions D-R 290 Dust concentration monitor D-R 320 Measuring device for dust concentration D-R 808 Dust monitor D-RX 250 Combined probe sensor D-820 F Dust concentration monitor for wet gases F Extractive Dust Concentration Monitor F Ambient Air Dust Concentration Monitor HM-1400 TRX Total Mercury Analyser D-FL 100 Volume Flow Measuring System D-FL 220 Volume Flow Measuring System

4 Contents Glossary AM AMS AST BImSchV CDM CEN CER CUSUM EN EN Approval Methodology Automated Measuring System Annual Surveillance Test Verordnung zur Durchführung des Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetzes, English: Ordinance for the Implementation of the Federal Immission Control Act Clean Development Mechanism Comité Européen de Normalisation English: European Committee for Standardization Certified Emission Reduction Cumulative Sum control card Stationary source emissions Quality assurance of automated measuring systems Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement method by comparison with a stated measurement uncertainty EN Air quality Certification of automated measuring systems, part 1-3 GHG ISO ISO JI LCPD LV QAL SRM TI Air TPCZ TÜV UNFCCC VDI WID IED Greenhouse Gas International Organization for Standardization Stationary source emissions - Automated monitoring of mass concentrations of particles - Performance characteristics, test methods and specifications Joint Implementation Large Combustion Plant Directive 2001/80/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants Limit Value Quality Assurance Level Standard Reference Method Technische Anleitung zur Reinhaltung der Luft TA Luft, English: Technical Instructions on Air Quality Control Temperature in the Post Combustion Zone Technischer Überwachungsverein, English: Technical Inspections Organization United Nations Framework Convention on climate change Verein Deutscher Ingenieure, English: The Association of German Engineers Waste Incineration Directive 2000/76/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of on the incineration of waste Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) 4

5 Downloads 13. BImSchV BImSchV BImSchV BImSchV AM 00xx CDM projects EN EN EN EN EN ISO Kyoto Protocol LCPD 2001/80/EC Minimum Requirements TI Air VDI 2066 VDI 3950 WID 2000/76/EC IED 2010/75/EU Emission-Monitoring.pdf

6 The European Directives European Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial Emissions (IED) Directive 2010/75/EU of 24 th November 2010 on the integrated pollution prevention and control Integrated approach to avoid or minimise polluting emissions in the atmosphere, water and soil, as well as waste from industrial and agricultural installations, with the aim of achieving a high level of environmental and health protection. The new, over 100 pages long IED recasts seven separate existing European Directives related to industrial emissions into a single Directive (including large combustion plants, incineration and co-incineration of waste, old IPPC Directive). The IED came into force on 6 January 2011 and was required to be transposed into national law by 7 th January In Germany, the Ordinance on Large Combustions and Waste Incinerators was updated on 2 nd May The IED replaces the above Directives with effect from 7 th January 2014 and the LCP with effect from 1 st January The emission limit values were significantly reduced in particular for large combustion plants to the part and are structured as follows: Combustion plants using solid fuels (excluding gas turbines and gas engines) Combustion plants using liquid fuels (excluding gas turbines and gas engines) Combustion plants using gaseous fuels (excluding gas turbines and gas engines) Gas turbines and gas engines Industrial installations must use the best available techniques to achieve the highest general level of protection of the environment as a whole, which are developed on a scale which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sector, under economically and technically viable conditions. The European Commission must adopt BAT conclusions containing the emission levels associated with the BAT. These conclusions shall serve as a reference for the drawing up of permit conditions. Please find in the subsequent tables the emission limit values according to the directives 2000/76/EC and 2001/80/EC as well as the 2010/70/EU IED, origin without any liability. 6

7 WID - Directives on the incineration of waste The WID 2000/76/EC covered the incineration of hazardous and non-hazardous waste but excluded exemptions for vegetable waste, radioactive waste and animal carcasses. The Directive applies not only to facilities intended for waste incineration ( dedicated incineration plants ) but also to co-incineration plants (facilities whose main purpose is to produce energy or material products and which use waste as a regular or additional fuel, this waste being thermally treated for the purpose of disposal). The Directive did not cover experimental plants for improving the incineration process and which treat less than 50 tons of waste per year. The Directive entered into force on 29 th December Transposition into national legislation was necessary by 28 th December From this date on new incinerators had to comply with the provisions of the Directive. The Directive 2000/76/EC was replaced by the new Directive on Industrial Emissions IED 2010/75/EU with effect from 4 th January Waste Incineration Directive requirements Emission standards shall be regarded as having been complied with, if within one calendar year All daily averages do not exceed the daily emission limit values set out in the tables below Either all validated half-hourly averages do not exceed the half-hour limit values in column A Or 97 % of the validated half-hourly averages do not exceed the 97% limit values in column B For carbon monoxide (CO): - 97 % of all daily averages of CO do not exceed 50 mg/nm3 - Either 95 % of all CO 10-minutes values do not exceed 150 mg/nm3 - Or all CO half-hourly averages do not exceed 100 mg/nm3, taken in any 24-hour period The 10-minute average value of the temperature in the post combustion zone has to be above 850 C, or above 1100 C if hazardous waste with a high halogen content is burnt The half-hourly average values and the 10-minute averages shall be determined within the effective operating time (excluding the start-up and shut-off periods if no waste is being incinerated) from the measured values after having subtracted the value of the confidence interval. The daily average values shall be determined from those validated average values. 7

8 The European Directives Emission limit values for waste incineration plants (continuous measurements, standardised at 11 % O2, mineral waste oil at 3 % O2), shown in mg/nm3 Specials Daily Avg. WID /2 h Avg. WID 2000 (100 %) <1/2 h-lv A 1/2 h Avg. WID 2000 (97 %) <1/2 h-lv B Daily Avg. IED /2 h AVG. WID 2000 (100 %) <1/2 h-lv A 1/2 h AVG. WID 2000 (97 %) <1/2 h-lv B 200 not included 400 not included 50 (97 %) 100 2) 150 (95 % at Dust TOC HCl HF SO NO2 6 t/d existing plants 1) >6 t/d existing and all new plants CO ) 150 (95 % at 10 min) 2) 10 min) 2) Remarks: 1) Existing plant full requested for authorisation before and put into operation not later than ) Alternatively Emission limit values acc. to WID up to 40% thermal co-incineration Limit value calculation for solid, liquid and biological waste according to the following formula, if no specific limit value has been defined. If waste incineration is the main purpose of a co-incineration plant it shall be treated as a normal incineration plant. If the heat release from the waste incineration is less than 10% of the total heat release it is set to equal 10%. 8

9 C Proc for combustion plants co-incinerating waste Pollutant Plant specification EC Directive 2000/76 Waste incineration Dust SO2 Fuel Continued on next page Thermal input [MW] C Proc as daily Avg. [mg/m³] EC Directive 2010/75 Industrial Emissions C Proc as daily Avg. [mg/m³] transitional ruling 1) C Proc as daily Avg. [mg/m³] existing plants as of ) C Proc as daily Avg. [mg/m³] new plants as of ) Solid fuels with < the exception of biomass 50 to (O2 content 6 %) 100 to (peat: 20) 20 > (peat: 20) Biomass < (O2 content 6 %) 50 to to > Liquid fuels < (O2 content 3 %) 50 to to > Solid fuels with the exception of biomass (O2 content 6 %) < 50 not included not included not included not included 50 to (SAG (peat: 300) 400 (peat: 300) 90 %) 4) 100 to to 200 (linear decrease) (SAG 92%) 4) > (SAG 95%) 4) (peat: 300, peat with fluidised bed 250) (fluidised bed partial 200) Biomass < 50 not included not included not included not included (O2 content 6 %) 50 to to > Liquid fuels < 50 not included not included not included not included (O2 content 3 %) 50 to to to 200 (linear) 400 to 200 (linear) >

10 The European Directives Pollutant Plant specification EC Directive 2000/76 Waste incineration EC Directive 2010/75 Industrial Emissions Fuel Thermal input [MW] C Proc as daily Avg. [mg/m³] C Proc as daily Avg. [mg/m³] transitional ruling 1) C Proc as daily Avg. [mg/m³] existing plants as of C Proc as daily Avg. [mg/m³] new plants as of ) ) NO2 Solid fuels with < 50 not included not included not included not included the exception of biomass 50 to (lignite: (O2 content 6 %) 400) 300 (peat: 250) 100 to > (pulv. lignite: 200) Biomass < 50 not included not included not included not included (O2 content 6 %) 50 to to > Liquid fuels < 50 not included not included not included not included (O2 content 3 %) 50 to to > Remarks: 1) For existing plants before and new plants before (New/ existing plant definition see IED Article 30, paragraph 2 and 3) 2) For existing plants as of (New/ existing plant definition see IED Article 30, paragraph 2 and 3) 3) For new plants as of (New/ existing plant definition see IED Article 30, paragraph 2 and 3) 4) With indigenous fuels alternatively minimum rates of desulphurisation (=SAG) Special Cement Plant Regulation Pollutant Daily Limit Value Dust 30 NOx existing plants 800 NOx new plants 500 HCl 10 HF 1 TOC 10 SO 2 50 CO to be defined locally All values are in mg/nm3 at 10 % O2 10

11 LCPD - Directive 2001/80/EC on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants The LCPD covered all combustion installations with a rated thermal output exceeding 50 MW irrespective the type of fuel used with the exception of waste. The Directive shall apply only to combustion plants designed for production of energy with the exception of those which make direct use of the products of combustion in manufacturing processes. existing plants : licensed before 1 st July 1987 will have to comply with the emission limit values in annex A of the Directive latest 1 st January 2008 (exception: no more than 20,000 operational hours after 1 st January 2008 ending no later than 31 st December 2015). new plants : licensed after 1 st July 1987 but before 27 th November 2002, in operation 27 th November 2003 latest will have to comply with the emission limit values in annex A of the Directive. new new plants : licensed after 27 th November 2002 or in operation later than 27 th November 2003 will have to comply with the limit values of part B of the Directive. National, more stringent time and emission limit values possible. LCPD 2001/80/EC Requirements Emission standards shall be regarded as having been complied with, if within one calendar year Existing plants, starting 1 st January 2008, new plants until 2002/ 2003: None of the calendar monthly mean value exceeds the emission value A 97% of all 48 hourly SO2 and dust mean values do not exceed 110% of emission limit values A 95% of all 48 hourly NOX mean values do not exceed 110% of emission values A New plants, later than 2002/ 2003: No validated daily average value exceeds the relevant limit values B 95% of all the validated hourly averages values do not exceed 200% of the relevant limit values B Continuous measurement for SO2, NOX and dust required for plants >100 MW. IED 2010/75/EU Requirements for Combustion Plants The Directive on Industrial Emissions IED 2010/75/EC has replaced the LCPD 2001/80/EC with effect from 1 st January existing plants : permitted before 7 th January 2013 and put into operation not later than 7 th January new plants : permitted after 7 th January 2013 or in operation later than 7 th January Emission standards shall be regarded as having been complied with if the evaluation of the measurement results indicates, for operating hours within a calendar year, that all of the following conditions have been met no validated monthly average value exceeds the relevant emission limit values set out in the tables below no validated daily average value exceeds 110 % of the relevant emission limit values set out in the tables below 95 % of all the validated hourly average values over the year do not exceed 200 % of the relevant emission limit values set out in the tables below 11

12 The European Directives Emission limit values (mg/nm3) for combustion plants using solid fuels with the exception of gas turbines and gas engines, standardised at 6% O2 Thermal input and fuel LCPD 2001 Limit values LCPD 2001 existing plants 1) Limit values LCPD 2001 new plants 2 ) Thermal input and fuel IED 2010 Limit values IED existing plants 3) SO2 < 50 MW not included MW in preparation in general in general MW Biomass MW Biomass Peat MW 2000 to in general linear decrease MW Biomass Peat > 500 MW > 300 MW in general Fluidised bed NO2 < 50 MW not included MW in preparation MW in general MW Lignite Biomass, peat in general in general MW Biomass 300 MW Biomass, MW peat > 500 MW before > 300 MW in general after Lignite Dust < 50 MW not included MW in preparation MW MW MW in general MW Biomass, 20 peat > 500 MW > 300 MW in general Biomass, peat Limit values IED new plants 4) Remarks: 1) New and existing plants acc. to LCPD, article 4 paragraph 1 or 3 2) New plants acc. to LCPD, article 4 paragraph 2 3) Existing plants acc. to IED, article 30 paragraph 2: Permitted before and put into operation not later than (derogations up to 2016) 4) New plants acc. to IED, article 30 paragraph 3: All plants except paragraph 2 12

13 Emission limit values (mg/nm3) for combustion plants using liquid fuels with the exception of gas turbines and gas engines, standardised at 3% O2 Thermal input and fuel Limit values Limit values Thermal input and fuel Limit Limit LCPD 2001 LCPD 2001 existing plants 1) LCPD 2001 new plants 2) IED 2010 values IED existing plants 3) values IED new plants 4) SO2 < 50 MW not included MW in preparation MW MW MW to 200 linear decrease MW MW 1700 to 400 linear decrease 200 > 500 MW > 300 MW < 50 MW not included MW in preparation NO MW MW in general in general MW Biomass 300 MW Refineries Sonstige MW MW Refineries 450 > 500 MW > 500 MW < 50 MW not included MW in preparation Dust MW in general MW Refineries MW in general MW Refineries 50 > 500 MW > 300 MW in general Refineries 50 Remarks: 1) New and existing plants acc. to LCPD, article 4 paragraph 1 or 3 2) New plants acc. to LCPD, article 4 paragraph 2 3) Existing plants acc. to IED, article 30 paragraph 2: Permitted before and put into operation not later than (derogations up to 2016) 4) New plants acc. to IED, article 30 paragraph 3: All plants except paragraph 2 13

14 The European Directives Emission limit values (mg/nm3) for combustion plants using gaseous fuels with the exception of gas turbines and gas engines, standardised at 3 % O2 Thermal input and fuel Limit values Limit values Thermal input and fuel Limit Limit LCPD 2001 LCPD 2001 existing plants 1) LCPD 2001 new plants 2) IED 2010 values IED existing plants 3) values IED new plants 4) SO2 < 50 MW not included MW in preparation > 50 MW in general 35 > 50 MW in general 35 Liquefied gas 5 Liquefied gas 5 coke oven gas blast furnace gas aus Raffinerie-rückständen erzeugte Gase coke oven gas blast furnace gas 800 < 50 MW not included MW in preparation NO Natural gas not specified Natural gas MW MW in general Steel industry 200 gas Refineries MW MW Natural gas not specified MW in general Steel industry gas Natural gas not specified 150 in general Remarks: 1) New and existing plants acc. to LCPD, article 4 paragraph 1 or 3 2) New plants acc. to LCPD, article 4 paragraph 2 3) Existing plants acc. to IED, article 30 paragraph 2: Permitted before and put into operation not later than (derogations up to 2016) 4) New plants acc. to IED, article 30 paragraph 3: All plants except paragraph Natural gas Refineries 200 > 500 MW Natural gas not specified 100 > 300 MW Natural gas in general Steel industry 200 gas Refineries 200 < 50 MW not included MW in preparation Dust > 50 MW in general 5 5 > 50 MW in general 5 CO blast furnace gas Steel industry gas blast furnace gas Steel industry gas > 50 MW no defaults > 50 MW Natural gas

15 Emission limit values (mg/nm3) for combustion plants of gas turbines and gas engines standardised at 15 % O2 Thermal input and fuel Limit values Limit values Thermal input and fuel Limit Limit values LCPD 2001 LCPD 2001 existing plants 1) LCPD 2001 new plants 2) IED 2010 values IED existing plants 3) IED new plants 4) SO2 < 50 MW not included MW in preparation MW not included MW not included NO2 < 50 MW not included MW in preparation > 50 MW Gas turbines, 120 > 50 MW Liquid fuels liquid fuels (light and medium distillate) (light and medium distillate) Gas turbines, natural gas 50 Natural gas Gas turbines, other gaseous fuels 120 Other gaseous fuels Gas engine Dust < 50 MW not included MW in preparation > 50 MW not included MW CO > 50 MW no defaults > 50 MW Gas turbines, 100 liquid fuels (light and medium distillate) Gas turbines, 100 natural gas Gas engine 100 Remarks: 1) New and existing plants acc. to LCPD, article 4 paragraph 1 or 3 2) New plants acc. to LCPD, article 4 paragraph 2 3) Existing plants acc. to IED, article 30 paragraph 2: Permitted before and put into operation not later than (derogations up to 2016) 4) New plants acc. to IED, article 30 paragraph 3: All plants except paragraph 2 15

16 EN The stated European Directives stipulate in the annexes on measurement technology that sampling and analysis of all pollutants is to be carried out in accordance with CEN standards. The associated CEN standard was compiled by the technical committee CEN/TC 264 Air Quality. The EN14181 was approved by CEN on 3 rd November 2003 and officially released in July 2004; it has been updated by 30 th November Appendix K of EN 14181:2014 describes the main technical changes between the first and second edition of the standard. EN defines three quality assurance levels (QAL) and an annual surveillance test (AST) for automated measuring systems (AMS): QAL 1: Requirement for use of automatic measuring equipment that has had its suitability tested (the test complies with EN ISO 14956) QAL 2: Installation of automatic measuring equipment (AMS), calibration of AMS using the standard reference measuring method (SRM), determination of measuring uncertainty / variability of AMS and check for observance of preset measuring uncertainties QAL 3: Continuous quality assurance by the operator (drift and precision of the AMS, verification on control card) AST: Annual surveillance test including SRM measurements to check the uncertainty of the AMS values. EN AMS functional test functional test functional test functional test Q A L 1 Q A L 2 installation EN Q A L 3 periodically periodically periodically Q Q Q Q Q A A A A A A A S S L L L L L 3 T 3 3 T year 3 5 years major plant change Q A L 2 EN prescribes which characteristics automated measuring systems AMS must possess, and how they must be calibrated and maintained. In addition to the calibration function, the measuring uncertainty - which plays a decisive role in the validation of the measured values obtained during continuous monitoring - is also determined from the data of the calibration experiment. In addition, the requirements for the uncertainty of the measured values obtained with the measuring equipment, which are defined in the EU directives relating to fossil power plants, waste incineration plants and waste co-incineration plants, are checked using a method described in the standard. All new installed automated measuring system AMS must be certified against the standards EN and must at least allow a lowest certified measuring range of 1.5 times the emission limit value ELV for waste (co-)incinerators or 2.5 times the ELV for large combustion plants. The validated average value is defined as the value calculated from the standardised and referenced average value by subtracting the standard deviation (standard uncertainty) at the daily limit value of the standardised values determined by calibration in accordance with EN

17 EN Quality assurance for automatic measuring equipment Influenced by: - VDI 2066/ ISO North American (RATA) requirements Prerequisites: - Suitable measuring instruments - Comparable measuring instruments - Error-free installation - Permanent quality assurance during plant operation. QAL 1 Testing the suitability of the equipment technology QAL 1 specifies the suitability of a measuring instrument by calculating the total measuring uncertainty in accordance with EN ISO prior to installation - Standard deviation - Linearity deviation - Reproducibility - Drift - Temperature dependence - Operating voltage effects TÜV suitability test - Cross sensitivities - Response behaviour - Response times - Measuring instrument type QAL 1 values of selected DURAG GROUP devices: Device QAL 1 Total Expanded Uncertainty Uc=uc.1.96 QAL 2 Total Allowed Uncertainty Percentage of Daily Limit Value Availability Requirement >95 % D-R mg/m % D-R mg/m % D-R mg/m % D-R 820F 1.23 mg/m % D-RX mg/m % F mg/m % HM-1400 TRX 2.53 µg/m % 17

18 EN QAL 2 Installation/calibration testing Selection of the measuring location (measuring site report) Correct installation of the measuring instrument Correct selection of the measuring range Calibration of the device using a standard reference method, min.15 measuring points distributed over 8-10 hours on 3 days Determination of the calibration curve or curves under different operating conditions (fuels, load, etc.) without manipulation of the furnace or filter systems (adjusting the burner, slitting the filter hoses or reducing the capacity of the electrostatic precipitator) Calibration curve either as linear regression or straight line from the zero point to the centre of a point cluster Calculation of the fluctuation range as s at the 95% confidence interval Test repeated at least every 5 years and more frequently if so required by legislation or authority (e.g. 3 years for the WID). QAL 3 Continuous monitoring Permanent quality assurance during plant operation through the operating personnel Assurance of reliable and correct operation of the measuring instrument (maintenance records) Regular checks, at least once per maintenance interval - Zero point, measuring range, drift - Determination of drift and accuracy using CUSUM cards or with an Excel chart - Identification / definition of when manufacturer s maintenance is necessary for the measuring instrument. AST Annual Surveillance Test Annual confirmation of the QAL 2 calibration curve Verification of the validity of the calibration curve - Function test - Small calibration using 5 parallel measurements - QAL 2 is to be repeated if AST fails Resetting of the exceedance counter for the invalid calibration range. EN An automated measuring system AMS to be used at installations shall have been proven suitable for its measuring task in accordance with EN Using this standard, it shall be proven that the total uncertainty of the results obtained from the AMS meet the specification for uncertainty stated in the applicable regulations. The standard EN is divided into Part 1: General principles Part 2: Initial and yearly repeated assessment of the manufacturer s quality system for design and manufacturing Part 3: Performance criteria and test procedures The standard defines a modified implementation of the approval test, such as contacting the test institute, clarification of the range of applications and the announcement of the test at the LAI (German federal immission protection working party). After successfully carrying out an extensive laboratory and a three months field test, the test report will be evaluated in the context of a technical examination moderated by the German EPA. With positive assessment, the certificate is issued by the German EPA for a period of five years and published in addition to the Federal Gazette on the website as suitable instrument. The quality management system and the production of the manufacturer have to undergo an initial and yearly repeated audit in addition to the standard EN ISO 9001 audit. 18

19 During the annual audits, inevitably necessary changes of the hardware and/or software of the measuring systems are reviewed and confirmed by further research, if necessary. The manufacturer has to record all performed modifications in a technical logbook. The modifications are divided into the following categories: Type 0: No measurable influence on the measuring system Type 1: No significant influence Type 2: Significant influence, a partial or total review by the test institute may be necessary. See below the minimum requirements for continuously measuring systems from the lab (L) or field test (F): Performance characteristic Performance criteria specific to AMS Tests Dust Hg Volume Flow Laboratory Field test Response time 200 s 200 s 60 s L + F Repeatability standard deviation at zero 2,0 % a 2,0 % a 2,0 % a L point Repeatability standard deviation at span 5,0 % b 2,0 % a L point Lack-of-fit 3,0 % a 2,0 % a 3,0 % a,c L + F Influence of ambient temperature change 5,0 % a 5,0 % a 5,0 % a L from nominal value at 20 C within specified range at zero point Influence of ambient temperature change 5,0 % a 5,0 % a 5,0 % a L from nominal value at 20 C within specified range at span point Influence of sample gas pressure at span 2,0 % a L point, for a pressure change Δp of 3 kpa Influence of sample gas flow on extractive 2,0 % a L AMS for a given specification by the manufacturer Influence of voltage, at 15 % below and at 2,0 % a 2,0 % a 2,0 % a L +10 % above nominal supply voltage Influence of vibration 2,0 % a L Cross-sensitivity 4,0 % a L Excursion of the measurement beam of 2,0 % a L in-situ AMS Determination coefficient of calibration 0,90 d 0,90 0,90 F function, R² Minimum maintenance interval 8 days 8 days 8 days F Zero drift within maintenance interval 3,0 % a 3,0 % a 2,0 % a F Span drift within maintenance interval 3,0 % a 3,0 % a 4,0 % a F Availability 95,0 % 95,0 % 95,0 % F Reproducibility, R field 2,0 % a (>20mg/m³) 3,3 % a ( 20mg/m³) 3,3 % a 3,3 % a F a Percentage value as percentage of the upper limit of the certification range. b Percentage value as percentage of the emission limit value. c only for laboratory tests d currently under verification 19

20 Emission Data Evaluation and Assessment The evaluation of the continuously acquired emission values must comply with the relevant legal requirements, fulfil the requirements of the competent authority and provide the operator with the possibility of having the historical, current and predicted emission values for reporting, conducting evaluations and controlling the operational process of the plant. Essential evaluation criteria include: Continuous acquisition of the parameters and reference values to be measured Generation of standardised, oxygen referenced integral values (10 min, 30 min, 60 min) Validation of the integral values (absolute, percentage) Generation of daily average values (48 h average values, monthly average values) from the validated integral values Monitoring of the equipment failure (maintenance/fault) and logging in the daily and annual statistics Monitoring of the valid calibration ranges and evaluation/logging in accordance with EN Monitoring of drift and precision of the continuously operating analysers (control charts) in accordance with EN Validation The (half-) hourly average value is validated at the end of the integration interval from the integral values of the raw measurement data by subtracting the measurement uncertainty as a constant value, derived from the calibration (at 95% confidence interval) after the appropriate standardisation (temperature, pressure) and oxygen reference value calculation, from the measurement value. Negatively validated average values will be set to zero. The daily average values are formed as the arithmetic mean of the validated (half-) hourly average values. 20

21 Dust O 2 Temperature Flow Integration 60 min Integration 60 min Integration 60 min 10 mg/m 3 18 mg/nm 3 Validation 5 Vol-% 437 K K= ,000 m 3 /h 21-O2R Half Hourly Averages -10% 16.2 mg/nm 3 1 n 24:00 Integration 60 min M = 100,000 x 10 6 x 18 O 2R = 3 vol% The integral values will be validated by subtraction of the 18 kg/h confidence interval at 95%. The daily averages will be calculated from the validated integral values. n Kval 1 Protocols -Concentration:. Minute Values. Integral Values (e.g. 60 ). 24-h Average Value. 48-h Average Value. Weekly Average Values. Monthly Average Values. Yearly Average Values -Mass flow (Totals/ Averages):. Minute Values. Integral Values (e.g. 60 ). 24-h Value. 48-h Value. Weekly Values. Monthly Values. Yearly Values -Statistic:. Limit Values (Percentile). Time of Operation. Time out of Operation. System Availability (Analysers, Evaluation System) Reference Values NH3 HCL NOx SO2 CO TOC DUST O2 H2O Flow Limit: Time mg/nm3 mg/nm3 mg/nm3 mg/nm3 mg/nm3 mg/nm3 mg/nm3 Vol% % Nm3/h 00: : : : : : : : : : : : : As requirements, LCPD 2001/80/EU, Annex VIII-A6 and WID 2000/76/EU, Annex III, stipulate maximum values of measurement uncertainty for continuous measuring equipment and the validation of the measurement results. Until now, confidence and tolerance ranges of at least 5 or 10 % were defined for measurement uncertainty. These confidence and tolerance ranges are now inapplicable. The validated (half-) hourly and daily average values are determined on the basis of measured (half-) hourly average values after subtraction of the confidence interval determined by calibration (measurement uncertainty/ variability). The value of the 95 % confidence interval for an individual measurement result must not exceed the following percentages of this emission limit stipulated for the daily average value: carbon monoxide 10 % total organic carbon 30 % sulphur dioxide 20 % mercury 40 % nitrogenoxide 20 % hydrogen chloride 40 % total dust 30 % hydrogen fluoride 40 % 21

22 Emission Data Evaluation and Assessment Validity of the calibration curve Determination of the calibration curve for the measuring instrument using a standard reference method under different operating conditions (fuels, load, etc.) without manipulation of the furnace or filter systems (adjusting the burner, slitting the filter hoses or reducing the capacity of the electrostatic precipitator). Calibration of the measuring instrument using a minimum of 15 measuring points distributed over 8-10 hours on 3 days. The long period should take all possible aspects of proper operation of the plant into account. The validity range for the calibration is specified in the calibration report. Validated average values outside the valid calibration range (No. 6.5 EN 14181) are to be stored with the associated time and with their status and are to be logged at the end of the day and year. In the short period class, the percentage exceedance of the valid calibration range in the current week (Mo. Su.) are registered and the number of weeks with excessive percentages is registered in the long period class. mg/m ,1 * Ŷs, max Ŷs, max 0,2 * TGW valid calibration range ma Calibration function only valid within the calibration range valid calibration range between 0 and Ŷ s,max plus an extension of 10 % of Ŷ s,max or to 20 % of ELV, whichever is greater New calibration QAL2 necessary within six months if >5 % of all values per week lie above the valid calibration range for more than 5 weeks or >40 % of all values lie above the valid calibration range for at least one week Extrapolation of higher values permitted. 22

23 Logging and documentation for verification Daily reports with all integral values incl. status information Monthly reports with all daily average values (48 h average values) incl. status information. Annual reports with all monthly average values incl. status information Statistics reports with information on limit value exceedances, availability of the AMS, failure of waste gas cleaning equipment and the emitted emission quantity Documentation of failure of AMS for the operator s information CUSUM, Shewhart or EMWA card to verify drift and precision of the AMS at the zero point and reference point Complete documentation of the AMS by the operator in accordance with Point 9 Annex C of EN Correct and legally conformant evaluation/ reporting of continuous measurement and calculation data is no longer possible manually. Modern computer-based evaluation systems are indispensable for fulfilling the specific requirements. These systems are pre-programmed according to the plant type; they acquire, calculate and report all emission-relevant data according to the legal requirements as well as the specifications of the local authorities. A special form of evaluation is prescribed in Germany and can also be activated to expand the EU standard evaluation. Classification (required by authority in Germany) Although all integral values are stored along with the plant and channel status, the principle of classification is still maintained. Classification documents the class frequency distribution for the whole year on a single page in a clearly identifiable way. Limit value exceedances with reference to pollutants are identifiable at a glance. Classification must be referenced to a time starting at 00:00. As an alternative to issuing classification tables, the integral values determined can also be issued as daily, monthly and annual tables. The daily average values are to be determined for the interval from 00:00 to 24:00 if there are at least 12 valid half-hourly average values are available. Every day is declared invalid, in which more than 5 half-hourly average values (WID) or 3 hourly average values (LCPD) are unavailable due to faults or maintenance of the continuous measurement system. If more than 10 days a year are declared invalid for such reasons, the competent authority must oblige the operator to introduce suitable measures to improve the reliability of the continuous monitoring system. Minimum requirements CEN TC264 WG9 WI Stationary source emissions Quality assurance of AMS data Draft of March 2014: European Minimum Requirements for Data Acquisition and Handling Systems (DAHS) This European Standard specifies requirements for the handling of data produced by an AMS. The main items covered by the standard are given by, but not limited to raw data acquisition, raw data validation, data correction, data averaging, data security, data alarms, data archiving, data display, data access, program validation, data reporting and program integrity. It specifies the minimum requirements for the handling of AMS data, supporting the requirements of EN and legislation e.g. EU Directives such as IED. The standard does not preclude the use of additional features and functions provided the minimum requirements of this standard are met and that these features do not adversely affect data quality, clarity or access. The scope of this standard begins at the final data output terminals of the AMS and covers the entire process leading to and including the presentation of data to the competent authority. Raw data received in analogue format (4 20 ma) or as digital communication (e.g. Modbus, Profibus, OPC) from any AMS or PEMS output shall be continuously sampled at a rate fast enough to ensure no loss in information. 23

24 Minimum Requirements CEN TC264 WG9 WI The sampling can, never be slower than 1 sample per 10 seconds from each individual source (each individual AMS, typically 1 second sampling rate). FLD - First Level Data, raw data including status signals or average values calculated from the raw data including status signals. Sampling rate not slower than 1 per 10 seconds. Storage in DAHS for at least 5 year in an auditable manner. SFLD - Standardised first level data. First level emission data calibrated and normalised using first level peripheral data (these values are not for reporting, but for information of the operator) AFLD - Averaged first level data, calculated for the STA averaging time from all valid FLD values STA - Short Term Averages (typically 10, 30, 60 minutes) are calculated from first level data if 2/3 or more FLD-values are available. Verification, that STA is within the calibration range (EN14181 QAL 2). Storage in DAHS at least 5 years in an auditable manner. SSTA- Standardised short-term average. Short-term average of emission data calibrated and converted to standard conditions using short-term average peripheral data VSTA- Validated short-term average. Standardised short-term average with the relevant confidence interval subtracted to comply with EU Directive reporting requirements VLTA Validated Long Term Average (typically daily, 48-hourly, weekly, monthly, yearly). The averages are calculated from validated short-term averages. Valid if ¼ or more VSTA-values are available, storage in DAHS at least 5 years in a auditable manner. Depending on the regulations, averages can be calculated as block averages and / or rolling averages First Level Data (FLD) The FLD values are the first set of data to be stored in permanent storage. Data in the FLD-storage can be identical to the raw data, i.e. unprocessed as they are received from the AMS or PEMS, or they can be scaled to units representing concentration or process parameters. Standardised first level data (SFLD) The SFLD is determined by applying the calibration function and the conversion to standard conditions directly to the FLD. This provides a short time period data set, which can be used by the operator for process/abatement control or optimisation. The DAHS shall make it clear that averaging these SFLD over the STA period could give a different answer to the SSTA, and shall not be used for compliance assessment. Averaged first level data (AFLD) The average first level data shall be calculated for the STA averaging time from all valid FLD values. Negative FLD values shall be included in the calculation of the averaged FLD. If the FLD value is an average of raw data the FLD average has to be calculated from the FLD values weighted by the time coverage of each FLD value. Short-Term Average (STA) Short-term averages are the shortest period of averages the plant shall report to the authorities. According to variations in different EU Directives this can be 10 minutes, 30 minutes or 1 hour, depending on the type and application of the plant. The calibration function determined in QAL2 according to EN shall be used to calculate the short-term averages (STA) on the basis of the averaged FLD. 24

25 The STA shall be evaluated if valid FLD is available for at least two-thirds of the STA averaging time. The DAHS shall automatically log and report monthly the amount of time where exceedance of the measurement range has taken place, and the total time where data has been capped may not exceed 2 % of the total operation time in each individual calendar month. Standardises short term averages (SSTA) The SSTA is calculated by normalising the STA emission values with STA peripheral values, such like oxygen, temperature, pressure and moisture. Validated short-term average (VSTA) The validated STA (VSTA) shall be calculated by subtracting the uncertainty from the standardised STA in accordance with the procedure laid down in the national legislation. NOTE: The EU Directives prescribe that, before reporting the concentration of any pollutant to the authorities, the measurement uncertainties in the form of 95 % confidence intervals shall be subtracted from the measurement value, for compliance reporting only. Different countries have different interpretation of this, and consequently different procedures of doing it. The method of subtracting and the value of the uncertainty shall be stated in the report and stored in the event log. Validated Long Term Averages (VLTA) Long-term averages are any longer periods of averages the plant shall report to the authorities. According to variations in different EU Directives the averaging period can be 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 1 quarter or 1 year, depending on the type and application of the plant. The long-term average is calculated as the arithmetic mean of sufficient numbers of validated shortterm averages (VSTA), to make up the period of the long-term average. If the plant operator shall report according to legal local time (LLT), the daily average shall be calculated as follows: for the day switching from LST to DST, where one hour is lost, the daily average shall be calculated from the STA values within the 23 h time period; for the day switching from DST to LST, where one hour is gained (duplicated), the daily average shall be calculated from the STA values within the 25 h time period. QAL3 procedure The QAL3 procedure should be performed in the DAHS, the necessary input data (measurement at zero and span point) shall either be automatically or manually entered into the DAHS. The DAHS reporting shall include all data related to the entire QAL3 process. Calibration range check Verification that the STA-measurement is within the calibration range as specified during the last valid QAL2 according to EN

26 Minimum Requirements CEN TC264 WG9 WI Standardisation of concentrations and flue gas flow data Measured concentrations shall be standardised only as SSTA-values (typically 10, 30, 60 minutes) since SSTA values are the only values validated by a calibration according to QAL2 procedure from EN Standardisation can include: Correction to reference oxygen levels Correction for temperature Correction for pressure Correction for water vapour The SSTA-value of the pollutant mass flow shall be calculated from SSTA-values of the concentration and the flue gas flow at same conditions. The annual emission is calculated by summation of the SSTA-values of the pollutant mass flow. Flue gas flows are for instance used for the calculation of the pollutant mass flow for reporting to the authority or calculation of the emission limit value in cases that two or more combustion plants are connected to one stack. Block averages Where averages are block type averages, periods will commence as detailed below Averaging period Starting time Calculation basis (unless otherwise specified by local legislation or permit) 1 min for FLD Minute averages start at the first second of the minute. Averages Raw data less than 1 min start at the first second of the minute and subsequent intervals, e.g. for a 5 s period at 0 s, 5 s, 10 s, 15 s etc. 1 h for STA Hourly averages start at the first minute of the hour. Averages FLD less than 1 h start at the first minute of the hour and subsequent intervals, e.g. for a 10 min period at 0 min, 10 min, 20 min etc. 1-day Daily averages start at 00:00:00 LLT of the day. VSTA 48 h 48-h-averages start at 00:00:00 LLT on the first day of the VSTA calendar year and then every second day. 1 month Monthly averages start at 00:00:00 LLT on the first day of the VSTA calendar month. 1 year Annual averages start at 00:00:00 LLT on the first day of the calendar year VSTA Rolling averages Where averages are rolling averages, the average commences N periods prior to the actual moment in time that the period ends and has a resolution indicated in the table below. For example, for 10 min rolling averages, a value is recorded every minute that represents the average of the previous ten 1-min-averages. Averaging period Multiples of periods less than 1 h, i.e. 10 min Calculation frequency (unless otherwise specified by local legislation or permit) every FLD period 1 h every FLD period FLD 1 day every STA period VSTA 48 h every STA period VSTA 1 month daily VSTA 1 year monthly VSTA Calculation basis (unless otherwise specified by local legislation or permit) FLD 26

27 6 Years Radio clock System D-EMS 2000 and D-EMS 2000 CS A modular system applicable for plants of any size Suitability tested by TÜV Rheinland and certified acc. to EN MCERTS certified Software available in 19 languages Emission evaluation in accordance with German requirements (TI Air, 1., 2., 13., 17., 27., 30. and 31. BImSchV) as well as the European Directive 2010/75/EU, considering EN and European Minimum Requirements TC 264 WI (E) draft The D-EMS 2000 system can be freely configured according to the needs of the plant and the requirements of the operator. The system is modular structured, fulfils the current requirements, is prepared for future guidelines and can be expanded after installation by further software as well as hardware components. The heart of the D-EMS 2000 is the Server as a PC in an industrial 19 design. It uses 2 server hard disks in a Raid 1 configuration to ensure a high level of reliability and together with the D-MS 500 KE data communication unit, facilitates compliance with the legally prescribed availability of 99 %. The system can be composed of: the D-MS 500 KE communication units the D-MS 500 FC DIN rails a bus connection directly to the PC or via the D-MS 500 KE D-EMS 2000 CS as closed network compatible emission evaluator or data acquisition unit both with value visualisation at site. or a combination of the above options If the D-MS 500 KE is used, there is intermediate data storage for up to 96 days. If the connection to the PC or the PC itself is faulty, after re-establishing communication all data are automatically calculated, stored in the system in the correct chronological order, the official reports created and remote emission monitoring transmission automatically executed without downtime. Ring Memory D-EMS 2000 CS 4-20 ma Modbus PROFIBUS OPC UA Elan Ring Memory >32 days TCP/IP 4-20 ma Modbus PROFIBUS OPC Ring Memory >32 days Person in Charge (Authority) D-MS 500 KE D-EMS 2000 Client www D-EMS 2000 Client Ring Memory >5 years D-EMS 2000 Client Elan TCP/IP System Raid 1 D-EMS 2000 SERVER Backup on ext. HD/SSD 27

28 System D-EMS 2000 and D-EMS 2000 CS Basic system with the D-MS 500 KE communication unit boiler FGC dust, SO 2, CO, O 2,T 4-20 ma binary Modbus PROFIBUS Elan D-MS 500 KE Data Communication Unit Serial TCP/IP TCP/IP OPC UA control room ring memory minimal 96 days second values Environmental dept. Management RAID 1 D-EMS 2000 Server Harddisk Harddisk ring memory 5 years protocols, minute values and integral values raw values resolution 1 s ring memory 5 years protocols, minute values and integral values raw values resolution 1 s data network graphics printer DCF77 GPS official protocols daily logs monthly logs yearly logs yearly emission statistic logs line diagrams current/ forecast values correlation diagrams additional logs post calculations custom masks D-EMS 2000 RED External Redundant Data Storage System D-MS 500 KE data communication unit with ring memory 19 /3HU housing or desktop design 3x serial (RS-232 or RS-485) 1 service interface RS-232 for PC (laptop), hyper terminal 1 Ethernet TCP/IP interface Internal ring memory 32 days (optional 64/96 days) Operating voltage 115/230 VAC / 50/60 Hz / 100 VA. 28

29 Price effective compact system D-EMS 2000 CS for small and middle sized plants boiler FGC dust, SO 2, CO, O 2,T 4-20 ma binary Modbus PROFIBUS Elan D-EMS 2000 CS TCP/IP OPC UA graphics printer DCF77 GPS official protocols daily logs monthly logs yearly logs yearly emission statistic logs line diagrams current/ forecast values correlation diagrams additional logs post calculations custom masks D-EMS 2000 RED External Redundant Data Storage System D-EMS 2000 CS Compact system, no additional evaluation PC required 19 /3HU housing Windows 7 & 8 operating system 3x serial (RS-232 or RS-485) 1 Ethernet interface 2 USB Interfaces Radio/GPS controlled clock Modern flash memory technology instead of hard disks 29

30 System D-EMS 2000 and D-EMS 2000 CS System with the D-MS 500 FC DIN-rail boiler FGC dust, SO 2, CO, O 2,T 4-20 ma binary TCP/IP RS-485 TCP/IP DIN-rail modules control room NO memory function Environmental dept. Management RAID 1 D-EMS 2000 Server Harddisk Harddisk ring memory 5 years protocols, minute values and integral values raw values resolution 1 s ring memory 5 years protocols, minute values and integral values raw values resolution 1 s data network graphics printer DCF77 GPS official protocols daily logs monthly logs yearly logs yearly emission statistic logs line diagrams current/ forecast values correlation diagrams additional logs post calculations custom masks D-EMS 2000 RED External Redundant Data Storage System D-MS 500 FC data communication without ring memory DIN rail modules 4-20 ma interfaces, binary (for process) RS-485(up to 1000 m) or TCP/IP connection to the system workstation Operating voltage 24 VDC No option for storing raw data and status information outside of the PC. 30

31 System for direct bus connection FGC boiler PROFIBUS dust, SO 2, CO, O 2,T Modbus Elan TCP/IP OPC UA control room NO memory function Environmental dept. Management RAID 1 D-EMS 2000 Server Harddisk Harddisk ring memory 5 years protocols, minute values and integral values raw values resolution 1 s ring memory 5 years protocols, minute values and integral values raw values resolution 1 s data network graphics printer DCF77 GPS official protocols daily logs monthly logs yearly logs yearly emission statistic logs line diagrams current/ forecast values correlation diagrams additional logs post calculations custom masks D-EMS 2000 RED External Redundant Data Storage System Direct bus connection Modbus RTU / TCP, PROFIBUS, Elan, OPC UA, etc. No option for storing raw data and status information outside of the PC Additional module for official computer testing (bus link) available. 31

32 System D-EMS 2000 and D-EMS 2000 CS Overall system with all available software modules 4-20 ma, digital, Modbus, Elan, PROFIBUS, OPC UA TCP/IP 4-20 ma digital ring memory D-MS 500 KE D-MS 500 FC TCP/IP Modbus PROFIBUS Elan NO memory function max. 320/640 A/D-channels / 16 facilities SMS-service authority D-EVA Submaster Long Term Data Storage D-ER 500 Emission Evaluator HD DVD D-EFÜ.WWW D-PM.WWW Office Internet Intranet D-EFÜ Remote Data Transmission D-PM Data Representation WIN-DEVA Data Visualisation QAL EN D-EMS 2000 Server D-RWS Raw Value Storage CDM/JI Greenhouse Gas Projects D-RED 32

33 D-ER 500 Emission computer for licensed plants D-EVA WIN-DEVA D-EMS 2000 EFÜ D-EMS 2000 PM D-EMS 2000 RWS D-EMS 2000 RED D-EMS 2000 CDM / JI D-EMS 2000 QAL D-EMS 2000 MMI Submaster central service to control data storage, data provision, network connection and internal communication Program to visualise data and reports in the system for convenient graphic representation and evaluation Module for emission data transmission to the authority in accordance with the German national interface definition and using the Internet (EFÜ.www) Module for representation of the measured and calculated data on HTML-sites on the internet/ intranet and/ or in MS Excel. Module for continuous raw data storage (resolution 1 second). In combination with a redundant data storage system the raw data recorder is not required External, physically separated, redundant data storage on an external data storage medium. Required if the raw data recorder and daily report printouts are not used Module to fulfil the UNFCCC requirements concerning data acquisition evaluation and long term storage as well as complete statistics acc. to approved methodologies Module for complete documentation of the AMS, acquisition and evaluation of drift/ precision (QAL3) in accordance with EN Manual data input module for any pre-set values D-EMS 2000 AMS Control D-EMS 2000 CO2 D-EMS 2000 Cloud D-EMS 2000 Water D-EMS 2000 calc D-EMS 2000 KDB Free configuration tool of flow controls (Autocalibration, back purging, etc) Software module for calculating the CO2 mass emission acc. to the guidelines for greenhouse gas emissions pursuant to directive 2003/87/EC and the decision dated July 18 th, SSL secured access to measured and calculated data and reports on the internet from everywhere. Software module for acquisition, evaluation and long term storage of water, waste water and/ or rain water for quality control and calculation of quantities (also for verification of authority) with calculation of water loads incl. daily, monthly and yearly protocols. Engineering tool for recalculation of results after changes/ adaptions of evaluation regulations and/ or measured values (requires module D-EMS 2000 KDB*). Redundant data base with correction function, allows modifying of implausible or addition of unavailable values incl. commentary functionality for reasons of changes 33

34 Applications Applications The modular construction of the D-EMS 2000 system allows both very small and very large plants to be designed in accordance with the requirements with very little effort. Even requirements encompassing different locations (company group structure) may be optimally satisfied. Smaller-sized plants D-EMS 2000 CS D-EMS D-MS 500 FC Convenient and cost-effective modern emission data acquisition and evaluation system for small plants such as: Heating plants Combustion plants Small power stations Biomass plants 4-20 ma binary Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA Analyzers DCS Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA 4-20 ma binary Medium-sized plants D-EMS 2000 TCP/IP or RS-485 D-MS 500 FC D-MS 500 KE D-EMS 2000 CS Analyzers DCS Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA 4-20 ma binary 4-20 ma binary Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA 4-20 ma binary Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA Convenient and cost-effective modern emission data acquisition and evaluation system for mediumsized and large plants such as: Heating stations Combined heat and power stations Power stations Biomass plants Refinery plants Cement plants. 34

35 Complex plants D-EMS 2000 Data Network D-EMS 2000 D-EMS 2000 D-EMS 2000 Server Server Server Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant 3 TCP/IP / RS-485 D-MS 500 FC D-EMS 2000 CS D-MS 500 KE D-EMS 2000 CS D-MS 500 KE Analyzers DCS Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA 4-20 ma binary 4-20 ma binary Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA 4-20 ma binary Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA 4-20 ma binary Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA 4-20 ma binary Modbus, PROFIBUS, Elan, TCP/IP, OPC UA Modular structured and modern emission data acquisition and evaluation system for large and complex plants such as: Large power stations Large refineries Steel industry Chemical industry Municipal utilities Cement plants. 35

36 Greenhouse Gas Trading CO2 Reduction The Kyoto Protocol contains a market-based approach to combat climate change in the form of the flexible mechanism emissions trading and generation of tradable emission reduction credits through projects. While many developed countries in the Kyoto Protocol accepted a cap of their total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, developing countries negotiated that their emissions will still be allowed to grow, as more economic growth is needed. In order to facilitate technology transfer to help developing countries in their sustainable development and at the same time assist the investing (developed) countries with a cap to fulfil their commitment projects resulting in emission reductions might be undertaken in developing countries. Such emission reductions are verified by a third party and can be used in a country with a cap on emissions to comply with their emission target. In order to generate emission reductions a project has to prove that its implementation leads to emissions lower than what would have happened in the absence of the project. Examples of such projects are Catalytic N 2 O destruction in the tail gas of Nitric Acid or Caprolactam Production Plants or methane capture in landfills. The generation of those emission reductions is under very strict supervision of the UN as every emission reduction generated in a developing country that qualifies under the market approach can be used to offset emissions in a developed country. Hence the use of emission reductions generated in third countries by a country with a cap increases the total amount of emissions possible in that country. As a consequence only projects that have a sound environmental basis, generating clearly additional emission reductions qualify for this market mechanism. 36

37 The Clean Development Mechanism United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Kyoto Protocol Article 12 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Executive Board (EB, Supervisor of CDM) Approval Methodology (AM) Certified Emission Reduction (CER) Approval Methodology AM0021 "Decomposition of N2O from existing adipic acid production plants" Approval Methodology AM0028 "Catalytic N2O destruction in the tail gas of nitric acid or caprolactam production plants" Approval Methodology AM0034 "Catalytic reduction of N2O inside the ammonia burner of nitric acid plants" Approval Methodology AM0001 "Reduction of CH 4 in landfill gas projects" Approval Methodology ACM 0019 "N 2 O abatement from nitric acid production" The Kyoto Protocol introduced two project-based mechanisms: the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI). These instruments were designed to lower the overall cost of participating countries in meeting their domestic emission reduction targets and to help developing countries and countries in transition in their sustainable development by encouraging technology transfer. This will focus on the CDM as laid out in Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol. The CDM grants Annex I parties the right to generate or purchase emissions reduction credits from projects undertaken within non-annex I countries. In exchange, developing country parties will have access to resources and technology to assist in the development of their economies in a sustainable manner. The rules governing the CDM were finalized in 2003 and are contained in the Modalities and procedures for a clean development mechanism in the Marrakech Accords, the decisions of the CDM Executive Board and subsequent decisions of the Conference of the Parties (COP). The where consequently adopted during the first Meeting of the Parties in Montreal 2005.The rules governing the CDM state that projects must meet certain requirements in order to qualify as CDM. These requirements include compliance with the normal project approval process and sustainability development criteria, the project validation and registration process (incl. additional requirements), the monitoring requirements, the verification and certification requirements, and the rules governing the issuance of CERs. The CDM is supervised by the CDM Executive Board (EB) and the emission reduction credits earned through CDM projects are known as Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs). CDM projects are externally verified and certified by Designated Operational Entities (DOE). A DOE is an entity designated by the COP/MOP, based on the recommendations of the Executive Board, as qualified to validate proposed CDM project activities as well as verify and certify emission reductions. 37

38 Greenhouse Gas Trading Monitoring requirements D-FL 220 N2O Extractive Analyzer N2O In-situ Analyzer Volume Flow D-MS 500 KE Data Communication Unit: with ring memory for redundancy of 32 days Internet D-FL 100 In-situ Analyzer Volume Flow Temp In-situ Analyzer Temperature P abs In-situ Analyzer Absolute Pressure D-EMS QAL Electronic Evaluation Unit: minimum requirements EN QAL Good monitoring practice and performance characteristics Accuracy of the emissions monitoring results is to be ensured by installing a monitoring system that has been certified to meet or exceed the requirements of the prevailing best industry practice or monitoring standards in terms of operation, maintenance and calibration. The latest applicable European standards (EN 14181) or equivalent standards, which prescribe the features needed for Automated Measuring Systems (AMS) and how they are to be calibrated and maintained, shall be used as the basis for selecting and operating the monitoring system. The following guidance documents are recommended as references for the Quality Assurance and Control procedures: a) European Standard, Technical Committee Air Quality: Working Document, Air quality Certification of automated measuring systems (AMS). Part 3: Performance specifications and test procedures for AMS for monitoring emissions from stationery sources, pren , CEN/TC 264:2005/1. 38

39 b) European Standard EN 14181: Quality assurance of automated measuring systems, 2004; The European Standard EN stipulates three levels (see page 10 et seqq) of quality assurance tests and one annual functional test for AMS which are recommended to be used as guidance regarding the selection, installation and operation of the AMS under the monitoring methodology. The AMS must have performance certificate (e.g. TUV; MCERTS), with calculation of uncertainty before. c) Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit (BMU), German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety: Bundeseinheitliche Praxis bei der Überwachung der Emissionen. RdSchr. d. BMU v IG /5. Minimum requirements for electronic evaluation units: a. Evaluation unit needs to take into account registration, mean average determination, validation, and evaluation; b. The system and concept of emission data processing needs to be described; c. Protocols and printouts are required. Equipment with performance certificate to fulfil the requirements: Extractive Analyser Volume flow meter - differential pressure D-FL 100 performance certificate by TÜV Germany - ultra-sonic techniques D-FL 220 performance certificate by TÜV Germany - temperature and pressure in the stack Evaluation unit D-EMS 2000 performance certificate by TÜV Germany. Example CDM project AM0028 Destruction facility installed in tail gas stream of nitric acid or caprolactam production plant Process liquid for NO/NO 2 gas absorption Heat exchanger Destruction Facility Air Ammonia gas PI Tail gas AI N2O, NOx Analyser house To atmosphere Ammonia oxidation reactor FI TI Absorption tower Ammonia oxidation catalyst Cooling water DeNO catalyst x N2O CO2 NOx (CH 4) Tail gas turbine Boiler Process gas with N2O and NOX Cooling water DeNO x / DeN2O catalyst Ammonia FI Hydrocarbon FI Heat exchanger FI Product for NO/NO 2 gas absorption Project boundary FI AI N2O, NO x (CH 4) Clean tail gas Extractive analyzer for inlet and outlet of N O 2 Measurement systems for volume flow, temperature and pressure D-EMS QAL 39

40 DURAG GROUP Measuring Devices for Emissions D-R Dust concentration monitor Standard system for small to medium dust concentrations, e.g. 20 mg/m 3 at 5 m measuring path length Approved and certified acc. to EN Contactless measurement Extremely powerful and stable super-wide band diode (SWBD) light source Automatic zero and reference point check Automatic contamination control and correction Easy adjustment without additional equipment Extremely low maintenance Remote access possible Measuring principle The device operates using the double-pass method according to the auto-collimation prin ciple. The light beam traverses the measuring distance twice. The attenuation of the light beam by the dust content in the measuring section is measured and evaluated. As light source a super-wide band diode (SWBD) is used which provides more stable measurements in comparison to conventional LEDs. measurements dust concentration, opacity power supply 24 VDC, 0.5 A measuring ranges opacity: % extinction: dust: mg/m mg/m 3 1) measuring principle flue gas temperature dimensions (h x w x d) transmission weight 17 kg above dew point up to 250 C, optional up to 1000 C, depending on application hpa remarks measuring head 363 x 185 x 398 mm 1) with reference to one meter of path length after gravimetric calibration flue gas pressure duct diameter m purge air supply ambient C purge air quantity approx. 80 m 3 /h temperature protection IP65, Ex optional power supply 115/ 230 VAC, 50/ 60 Hz, 0.37/ 0.43 kw measuring outputs 0/ ma/ 400 Ohm, Modbus RTU bi-directional dimensions (h x w x d) 350 x 550 x 500 mm digital outputs 2 relay outputs permissible load 60 VDC/ 30 VAC/ 0.5 A weight protection 12 kg IP55 40

41 D-R 320 Dust concentration monitor Scattered light dust monitor for low to medium dust concentrations Approved and certified acc. to EN One-sided installation on standard flange, installation on standard flange No alignment needed Automatic background compensation without light trap Automatic zero and reference point check Automatic contamination control and compensation Integrated purge air monitoring and purge air control Minimum maintenance, maintenance interval six months Remote access possible Measuring principle The D-R 320 is based on the back-scattered light principle. Thereby the light of a red laser diode illuminates the dust particles in the measuring volume of the flue gas duct. The light scattered backward by these particles is detected and evaluated. A unique feature of the D-R 320 is the automatic background light compensation with means of a patented optical system with dual detector. This allows for an easy and quick installation without any adjustment. A light trap is not required. measurements dust concentration digital outputs 2 relay outputs, permissible load 60 VDC/ 30 VAC/ 0.5 A power supply 24 VDC, 0.5 A dimensions 200 x 190 x 260/ 410 mm (h x w x d) weight 15 kg back scattering remarks 1) after gravimetric calibration measuring ranges min: mg/m 3, max: mg/m 3 1) measuring principle flue gas temperature above dew point up to 600 C supply unit flue gas pressure hpa purge air supply integrated blower duct diameter > 0.7 m purge air quantity 15 m 3 /h ambient C power supply VAC, Hz temperature protection IP65 dimensions 480 x 450 x 320 mm (h x w x d) measuring 0/ ma/ 400 Ohm, weight 12 kg outputs Modbus RTU bi-directional protection IP65 41

42 DURAG GROUP Measuring Devices for Emissions D-R 808 Dust monitor Scattered light dust monitor for low to medium dust concentrations Approved and certified acc. to EN One-sided installation No alignment needed Automatic zero and reference point check Automatic contamination control and correction Integrated purge air monitoring Low maintenance Remote access possible Measuring principle The D-R 808 works according to the principle of forward scattering. The concentrated and modulated light of a laser diode penetrates the measuring volume. The forward-scattered light largely reflected from dust particles is measured and assessed. measurements dust concentration power supply 24 VDC, 0.5 A measuring ranges 0 5 mg/m mg/m 3 1) dimensions 160 x 160 x 600/ 1000 mm (h x w x d) measuring forward scattering weight 3/ 7 kg principle flue gas above dew point up to 350 C supply unit temperature flue gas pressure hpa purge air supply integrated blower duct diameter > 0.3 m purge air quantity 5 m 3 /h ambient C power supply VAC, Hz temperature protection IP65 protection IP65 measuring outputs 0/ ma/ 400 Ohm, dimensions 410 x 400 x 200 mm Modbus RTU bi-directional (h x w x d) weight 10 kg digital outputs 2 relay outputs, programmable, permissible load 48 V/ 0.5 A remarks 1) after gravimetric calibration 42

43 D-RX 250 Combined probe sensor Single rod measurement probe for simultaneous measurement of - Dust concentration [mg/nm³] - Volume flow [Nm³/h] - Temperature [ C] - Absolute pressure [hpa] Only one probe/ installation opening in the exhaust gas channel Compact design No moving parts Automatic zero and reference point check Measuring principle The dust concentration is measured according to the tribo electric measuring principle. The tribo probe measures the electric charge of the incident particles. The measurement of the volume flow is based on the mechanical action principle. The probe has two separate chambers, between which a flue gas flow causes differential pressure. The absolute pressure in the flue gas is measured by a pressure transmitter in one chamber of the probe. The temperature is measured directly in the centre of the flue gas flow in a separate chamber within the probe with a temperature sensor. measurements measuring ranges measuring principle flue gas temperature dust concentration, volume flow, absolute pressure, temperature mg/nm³ ,999,999 Nm³/h 1) C, optional C ,300 hpa dust: tribo electric volume flow: differential pressure above dew point up to 200 C, optional up to 350 C, flue gas humidity <80 % hpa digital outputs digital inputs power supply dimensions (h x w x d) probe length 7 relay outputs, permissible load 48 V/ 0.5 A 6 potential free inputs 115/ 230 VAC, 50/ 60 Hz, 50 VA probes: 180 x 180 x (340 + probe length) mm 250, 400, 700, 1000 mm flue gas pressure duct diameter m weight probe 9.5 kg, electronics 22 kg ambient temperature protection C purge air supply not required. Probe back purging option requires bar IP65 instrument air measuring outputs 4x 0/ ma / 500 Ohm, Modbus RTU (RS485) remarks 1) flue gas velocity >5 m/s concentration after gravimetric calibration 43

44 DURAG GROUP Measuring Devices for Emissions D-R 820 F Dust concentration monitor for wet gases Sensitive system for continuous extractive dust concentration measurement in accordance with the scattered light principle Approved and certified acc. to EN Compact design Very low maintenance requirement High sensitivity Automatic zero and reference point check Automatic contamination control and correction Measuring principle A defined partial current is withdrawn from the exhaust gas current and is continuously heated and diluted with clean, heated air directly in the sampling probe. This immediately lowers the relative moisture and aerosols get evaporated in the heated probe. The partial current is optically measured in the measuring chamber. The signal is corrected by the measured dilution ratio and is thus a measure of the dust content of the exhaust gas. Measuring range Rack frame with control unit dust in operation (max. 100) mg/m³ dimensions 1750 x 600 x 550 mm (h x w x d) exhaust gas moisture >100 % relative humidity, space 1750 x 1100 x 1100 mm limit value max. 30 g/m3 H2O as aerosol requirements (h x w x d) Probe unit weight approx. 90 kg dimensions (h x w x d) 1050 x 600 x 1500 mm, including probe length 1000 mm protection class weight approx. 40 kg ambient C temperature probe material stainless steel, Hastelloy as option power supply 230/ 400 V, 50 Hz, 3x16 A, 3 L, N, PE others optional protection class IP65 Connections on control unit ambient temperature measuring gas temperature measuring air flow rate flange C analogue outputs max. 280 C IP55 4 x ma/ 1 kohm m³/h digital outputs 6 x max. 35 V, 0.4 A DN 80 PN 6 special version tube Ø100 mm digital input optional via switching contact to external ly change between measuring/purging 44

45 F Extractive Dust Concentration Monitor Dust monitor especially for wet flues and for the monitoring of blast furnace gas Automatic zero correction Pre-calibrated, unaffected by particle size, colour or moisture Isokinetic sampling Measurement of very low dust concentrations Measuring principle Exhaust gas laden with particles is extracted from the duct and diluted. The sampling gas passes a filter. A 1⁴C source irradiates the particle laden filter spot. The absorption by the dust is measured and compared with the empty filter spot. measurements dust concentration measuring outputs 2 x 0/ ma/ 500 Ohm measuring ranges mg/nm 3 digital outputs 11 relay outputs, measuring beta ray absorption permissible load 24 V/ 25 VA principle flue gas C, optional up to 500 C digital inputs 2 potential free inputs temperature flue gas pressure hpa power supply 115 / 230 VAC 50 / 60 Hz duct diameter >0.5 m dimensions 1600 x 800 x 800 mm (h x w x d) ambient C weight 250 kg temperature protection IP43 (with filter blower) purge air supply pressurized air bar 45

46 DURAG GROUP Measuring Devices for Emissions F Ambient Air Dust Concentration Monitor Continuous measurement of smallest concentrations of particles in ambient air (fine dust) EN certified PM2.5 or PM10 measurement Cost efficient due to low filter tape consumption Extended serial interface, Bayern-Hessen protocol Pre-calibrated, no site-specific calibration required Easy integration into existing air quality monitoring networks Collected particles available for heavy metal analysis Cost savings through low maintenance requirements and remote access Measuring principle The measuring principle of the F ambient dust monitor is based on the absorption of the beta rays (electrons) emitted by a C-14 emitter through particles collected from an ambient air flow. In the F the pulse rate of the unloaded filter tape is measured before each collecting cycle, then dust is collected on this precise filter spot over a pre-defined period, and finally the pulse rate of the loaded filter tape is measured. The difference between the two pulse rates is evaluated in the device and displayed as dust concentration in µg/m 3. measurements dust concentration in ambient digital interface RS232 air PM2.5, PM10, TSP measuring ranges ug/m 3 power supply 230 V, 50/ 60 Hz, 2.9 A measuring principle beta-ray absorption 115 V, 50/ 60 Hz, 5.8 A ambient temperature device: C sample inlet: C dimensions (h x w x d) 320 x 450 x 500 mm, 19 -rack mount or desk unit filter tape glass fiber, up to 1.5 years per roll weight 31 kg measuring outputs 2 x 0 / ma/ 500 Ohm probe tube length standard 2 m m possible digital outputs 8 relay outputs, data storage integrated, up to 9 months permissible load 24 V, 12 VA digital inputs 3 potential free inputs sample inlets PM 2.5 according to EN 14907/12341/US EPA 40CFR50 PM 10 according to EN 12341/US EPA 40CFR50 total dust according to VDI

47 HM-1400 TRX Total Mercury Analyser Measuring device for fully-automatic and continuous mercury analysis in smoke gas Approved and certified acc. to EN High operational safety Easy maintenance Low cross sensitivities Speciation module for separate measurement of elemental and ionic Hg as option Integrated gas generator for reference point check Measuring principle In the HM-1400 TRX total mercury analyser the extracted and conditioned sample gas is analysed with a dual beam UV photometer (CVAAS). For the measurement of the total mercury concentration ionic mercury is converted to elemental mercury in a thermocatalytic reactor. The concentration is calculated and displayed as dry flue gas. measurements total mercury measuring 2 x 0/ ma/ 500 Ohm outputs measuring ranges µg/nm³ digital outputs 9 relay outputs, permissible load 250 V, 100 VA measuring UV-absorption digital inputs 8 status inputs principle flue gas C power supply 230/ 400 VAC, 50 Hz, 3x L, N, PE temperature flue gas pressure hpa duct diameter > 0.5 m dimensions (h x w x d) ambient temperature C at sample probe location, C at installation place of the analyser weight cabinet 1700 x 800 x 500 mm 220 kg protection IP54 purge air supply bar (for sample gas generator) 47

48 DURAG GROUP Measuring Devices for Emissions D-FL 100 Volume Flow Measuring System Measuring system to measure flow rate in dry emissions with a probe using the differential pressure principle Reliable measurement of the gas velocity even at high temperatures Calculation of volume flow at standard conditions Automatic probe back purging option Versions with or without counter-suport and for point measurement Maintenance interval 6 months Measuring principle The D-FL 100 measuring system operates according to the differential pressure principle. The probe has two separate chambers, between which the flow builds up a differential pressure. The evaluation unit determines the gas velocity and the volume flow (standard conditions or norm conditions) from the differential pressure, taking into account gas temperature and gas pressure. measurements flue gas velocity, volume flow digital outputs 2 relay outputs, permissible load 48 V/ 0.5 A measuring ranges measuring 0 3,000,000 m 3 /h / m/s differential pressure measuring outputs principle flue gas above dew point, C, power supply temperature optional up to +850 C flue gas pressure hpa duct diameter m dimensions (h x w x d) ambient temperature 0/ ma/ 500 Ohm Modbus RTU, RS485 sensor power supply 24 VDC ±10 %, 0.5 A, VAC, Hz (option) probe: 380 x 160 x (300 + probe length) mm C weight 32 kg kg/m probe length protection IP65, Ex optional purge air supply not required. Probe back purging option requires bar instrument air 48

49 D-FL 220 Volume Flow Measuring System Measuring system for ultra-sonic measuring of velocity and volume flow, especially for wet and aggressive smoke emissions Non-contact measurement method Measurement possible below dew point and for high dust concentrations Automatic zero point and reference point control Maintenance interval 6 months Measuring principle The D-FL 220 measuring system operates according to the acoustic transit time method. Two identical transducers mutually send and receive short ultrasonic impulses. The system calculates the precise gas velocity from the direction-dependent transit time difference. The flow rate is calculated taking into account the cross section. The gas temperature and absolute pressure is used to calculate the flow rate under standard conditions. measurements gas velocity and direction, volume power supply 24 VDC, 0.5 A flow in norm conditions or operational conditions measuring ranges 0-3,000,000 m 3 /h / m/s dimensions measuring head housing: measuring acoustic propagation delay (h x w x d) 113 x 84 x 188 mm principle flue gas C weight 17 kg temperature flue gas pressure hpa purge air supply duct diameter m, temperature dependent purge air quantity 40 m3/h (50 hpa)/ 60 m3/h (25 hpa) ambient temperature C measuring head C power supply protection IP65 dimensions (h x w x d) measuring outputs 2 x 0/ ma/ 400 Ohm, weight Modbus RTU bi-directional digital outputs 2 relay outputs, protection permissible load 48 V/ 0.5 A 115/ 230 V, 50/ 60 Hz, 0.37/ 0.43 kw 350 x 550 x 500 mm 12 kg IP65 49

50 Branch offices Sales and Service DURAG Sales + Service GmbH & Co. KG Kollaustraße Hamburg, Germany Tel Fax info@durag.de DURAG Branch East Halsbrücker Straße Freiberg, Germany Tel Fax durag-ost@durag.de DURAG Branch North Kollaustraße Hamburg, Germany Tel Fax durag-nord@durag.de DURAG Branch South Weidenweg Bad Boll, Germany Tel Fax durag-sued@durag.de DURAG Branch West An der Pönt 53a Ratingen, Germany Tel Fax durag-west@durag.de DURAG Brazil DURAG Siena do Brasil Ltda Rua Vinte e Dois de Agosto, 66 Diadema - SP Brazil Tel r.28 Fax info@duragsiena.com.br DURAG France S. a. r. l. 147 avenue Paul Doumer Rueil Malmaison, France Tel Fax info@durag-france.fr DURAG Inc Mendota Heights Road Suite 200 Mendota Heights MN 55120, USA Tel Fax Toll Fee: durag@durag.com DURAG Inc. (Houston Branch) 440 Cobia Drive Suite 1104 (building #11) Katy, TX Tel Fax Toll Fee: durag@durag.com DURAG India Instrumentation Private Limited #27/30, 2nd Main Road Industrial Town, Rajajinagar Bengaluru , India Tel , Fax info@duragindia.com DURAG Instrumentation (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Room 706, Dibao Plaza, No Hongxin Rd., Minhang District Shanghai, PR China Tel Fax info@durag-cn.com DURAG Italia S. r. l. Via Carlo Panseri, 118 CIM uffici, P. secondo Novara, Italy Tel Fax info@durag.it DURAG Japan Office c/o TMS Planning Inc Umena, Mishima-shi Shizuoka-ken Japan Tel Fax info@durag.jp DURAG Korea Office RM #1131, Manhattan Building, 36-2, Yeouido-Dong, Yeongdeungpo-Gu, Seoul, Korea Tel Fax info@durag-group.co.kr DURAG Middle East (Branch) Dubai Airport Free Zone 5 West Wing, Office 124 Dubai, UAE P.O. Box Tel dme@durag.de DURAG RUSS OOO Andropova avenue 18/6 Office Moscow, Russia Tel Fax info@durag-group.ru DURAG UK GmbH Bretby Business Park, Ashby Road Burton-on-Trent, Staffordshire DE15 0YZ, Great Britain Tel Fax durag.uk@durag.de 50

51 DURAG GmbH Kollaustraße Hamburg, Germany Tel Fax VEREWA A brand of DURAG GmbH Kollaustraße Hamburg, Germany Tel Fax verewa@durag.de DURAG process & systems technology A brand of DURAG GmbH Kollaustraße Hamburg, Germany Tel Fax info@durag-process.de DURAG data systems GmbH Kollaustraße Hamburg, Germany Tel Fax info@durag-data.com SMITSVONK Holland B.V. P.O. Box 180, 2700 AD Zoetermeer Goudstraat 6, 2718 RC Zoetermeer Netherlands Tel Fax sales@smitsvonk.nl UTAS DR. LASINGER A brand of DURAG data systems GmbH Branch Office Austria Lastenstraße 36, City Tower Linz, Austria Tel Fax office@utas.at DURAG Siena do Brasil Ltda Rua Vinte e Dois de Agosto, 66 Diadema - SP Brazil Tel r.28 Fax info@duragsiena.com.br Hegwein GmbH Am Boschwerk Stuttgart, Germany Tel Fax info@hegwein.de GRIMM Aerosol Technik GmbH & Co. KG Dorfstraße Ainring, Germany Tel Fax info@grimm-aerosol.com DURAG GROUP 08/2017 Subject to change without notice 51

52 Guidance Book 2017 DURAG GROUP 08/2017 Subject to change without notice (1) 52