Pennsylvania Solid Waste Advisory Committee April 27, Rich Hipp, CEO Kuusakoski US Chris Coulter, VP & COO Peoria Disposal Company

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1 Pennsylvania Solid Waste Advisory Committee April 27, 2016 Rich Hipp, CEO Kuusakoski US Chris Coulter, VP & COO

continents Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania, Russia, England, USA, China & Taiwan

2 About Kuusakoski Recycling Family-owned company in operation for 100+ years A Worldwide leader in metals and e-waste recycling USA operations in 2009 Operations currently span 10 countries and 3 continents Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania, Russia, England, USA, China & Taiwan Create, develop and manufacture recycling technologies All USA Operations are e-stewards and ISO certified

Recycling Research and Development Kuusakoski partners with several international Universities to develop new technologies and improve existing processes.

3 Recycling Research and Development Kuusakoski partners with several international Universities to develop new technologies and improve existing processes. Examples: * Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands) * Lulea University of Technology (Sweden) * Leiden University (Germany) * Alexandru Ioan Cuza University (Romania) * AGH University of Science and Technology (Poland) * IPFN Center for Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Physics (Portugal) In the United States, The Mineable Cell solution was developed together with the. PDC (est. 1928) is a veteran environmental service provider with a proven track record. In addition to traditional curbside waste and recyclable collection, they provide technical consulting, laboratory analysis, hazardous waste disposal, and other environmental services.

4 Kuusakoski and PDC USA Locations 4 2 Philadelphia, PA Plainfield, IL Peoria, IL Hopedale, IL

CRT Glass White Paper Kuusakoski Recycling retained Shaw Environmental, Inc. (Shaw), a CB&I Company, to evaluate the CRT glass market in the U.S. An Analysis of the Demand for CRT Glass Processing in the U.

5 CRT Glass White Paper Kuusakoski Recycling retained Shaw Environmental, Inc. (Shaw), a CB&I Company, to evaluate the CRT glass market in the U.S. An Analysis of the Demand for CRT Glass Processing in the U.S. was released to the public in September 2013 and a follow up white paper was completed and released in Octobler 2014 Available to download at:

6 Local Expertise in Recycling CRT s and Treatment of Leaded Glass Video of Process 6

7 Kuusakoski CRT Recycling & Leaded Glass Mineable Cell Process Flow Collection Disassembly Plastic Yokes Wiring Circuit Boards CRT Tube Glass and Metal separation Glass Treatment Mineable Cell

8 Kuusakoski & PDC CRT Glass Treatment Process Feedstock Kuusakoski Glass Recycling Facility Glass Shipment PDC Waste Stabilization Facility Indian Creek Dedicated Storage Cell at Indian Creek - All forms of glass accepted (whole CRT devices & tubes) - 50, ,000 tons per year of capacity - Glass is processed to uniform size - Regulated by IEPA, periodic inspections by IEPA - 3 rd Party Audited by SAI Global. Certified to E-Stewards & ISO Glass shipped and manifested as hazardous waste - USEPA manifest form, readily audited - Glass treated with proprietary chemical reagent - Treatment process used for decades for similar materials - Glass rendered non-hazardous with lead virtually non-leachable - Treated glass must be <0.75 ppm lead, typically tests much lower at <0.02 ppm - 2 nd manifest for treated glass, provides more material tracking - Fully permitted Kuusakoski Glass treatment process operating since Nov 13 - Material originally created Beneficial reuse (Alternative Daily Cover) recognized by many states as diversion - Since July 2015 providing new Service offering supported by IL State Law - Safe storage for future retrieval to recover glass and lead - Approved under E-Stewards Standards

Benefits of the Kuusakoski & PDC CRT Process Permitted / Regulated - All facilities fully permitted, regulated, and inspected by IEPA - Indian Creek Landfill provides Perpetual

process has been operating since November 2013 - The retrievable storage cell is now permitted and fully operational as a result of House Bill 1455 becoming IL State Law on July

9 Benefits of the Kuusakoski & PDC CRT Process Permitted / Regulated - All facilities fully permitted, regulated, and inspected by IEPA - Indian Creek Landfill provides Perpetual Care Fund, in addition to required financial assurance - Lead in glass is treated to extremely low levels, far exceeding minimum requirement Available Proven - Glass Treatment process has been operating since November The retrievable storage cell is now permitted and fully operational as a result of House Bill 1455 becoming IL State Law on July 10, 2015 (Public Act ) - Treatment technology has been used for decades for similar materials - Glass Treatment process has handled millions of pounds of glass in the past year

10 Benefits of the Kuusakoski & PDC CRT Process Accepted - USEPA has affirmed that the process meets regulatory requirements - State of IL evaluated CRT market conditions and allowed the Kuusakoski/PDC process to count toward OEM goals, other States are now reviewing - Kuusakoski/ PDC Mineable Cell process approved by E-Stewards Standard Flexible - Capacity to process 50, ,000 tons of CRT glass per year, providing an additional, needed outlet for glass - Can manage varying volumes of glass and be readily expanded to meet demand - Retrievable storage of treated CRT glass in a dedicated landfill cell maintains option of future lead recovery from glass, when endmarkets for leaded glass are viable Transparent - All glass is tracked and recorded throughout the process using regulatory manifests - Facilities are available for tours and inspection

Committed to a Safe Workplace, Exceeding Compliance,

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): * Coveralls *

Gloves * Safety Glasses * Steel Toed Boots * Safety

Constant Wet Sweeper * 2 Foaming Stations * 5

11 Committed to a Safe Workplace, Exceeding Compliance, and Customer Expectations Our workers always wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): * Coveralls * N95 Respirator Masks * Kevlar Sleeves * Kevlar Gloves * Safety Glasses * Steel Toed Boots * Safety Vests Our Dust Suppression System includes: * Constant Wet Sweeper * 2 Foaming Stations * 5 Different Air Collection Systems * 50 Air Filter Points before air is released

Registered by: SAI Global Certification Services Pty Ltd, 286 Sussex Street, Sydney NSW 2000 Australia with QMI-SAI Canada Limited, 20 Carlson Court, Suite 200, Toronto, Ontario M9W 7K6 Canada (SAI

12 Registered by: SAI Global Certification Services Pty Ltd, 286 Sussex Street, Sydney NSW 2000 Australia with QMI-SAI Canada Limited, 20 Carlson Court, Suite 200, Toronto, Ontario M9W 7K6 Canada (SAI GLOBAL). This registration is subject to the SAI Global Terms and Conditions for Certification. While all due care and skill was exercised in carrying out this assessment, SAI Global accepts responsibility only for proven negligence. This certificate remains the property of SAI Global and must be returned to them upon request. To verify that this certificate is current, please refer to the SAI Global On-Line Certification Register: Registered by: SAI Global Certification Services Pty Ltd, 680 George St, Level 37-38, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia with QMI-SAI Canada Limited, 20 Carlson Court, Suite 200, Toronto, Ontario M9W 7K6 Canada (SAI GLOBAL). This registration is subject to the SAI Global Terms and Conditions for Certification. While all due care and skill was exercised in carrying out this assessment, SAI Global accepts responsibility only for proven negligence. This certificate remains the property of SAI Global and must be returned to them upon request. To verify that this certificate is current, please refer to the SAI Global On-Line Certification Register: Employee Engagement thru Safety Training & Personal Development All Kuusakoski Glass Operation Associates have been medically monitored to ensure their safety and reduce customer risk. Each team member is on boarded, prior to working in the facility through a detailed training program which includes: complete OSHA training, fire safety, lock out/ tag out, forklift certification, and working with potential hazardous materials Each associate has documented personal development goals and a on-going training schedule This is to certify that Kuusakoski Glass Recycling 2022 W. Townline Road, Peoria, Illinois USA operates an Environmental, Health and Safety Management System which complies with the requirements of e-stewards Standard for Responsible Recycling and Reuse of Electronic Equipment :2013 for the following scope of registration CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION Receiving, weighing, sorting, dismantling, crushing, baling, trading, tolling & shipping of electronic equipment TV's, Monitor, and crt glass. Certificate No.: CERT Original Certification Date: April 6, 2016 File No.: Current Certification Date: April 6, 2016 Issue Date: April 6, 2016 Certificate Expiry Date: April 5, 2019 Heather Mahon Acting Head of Policy, Risk and Certification Kuusakoski Glass Facility has gone 400 days without a recordable incident (as of April 6, 2016), and has 0 (Zero) lost time incidents since start-up of the operation in November Kuusakoski Glass is currently the only E-Stewards & ISO certified facility in the world that is dedicated to CRT glass processing Team Members at Kuusakoski Glass have the highest improved engagement measured through a Qtrly. company-wide people survey! (March 2016) E-STEWARDS This is to certify that Kuusakoski Glass Recycling 2022 W. Townline Road, Peoria, Illinois USA operates an Environmental Management System which complies with the requirements of ISO 14001:2004 for the following scope of registration CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION Receiving, weighing, sorting, dismantling, crushing, baling, trading, tolling & shipping of electronic equipment TV's, Monitor, and crt glass. Certificate No.: CERT Original Certification Date: April 6, 2016 File No.: Current Certification Date: April 6, 2016 Issue Date: April 6, 2016 Certificate Expiry Date: September 14, 2018 Heather Mahon Acting Head of Policy, Risk and Certification ISO 14001

13 Kuusakoski & (PDC) Partnership Our facilities are always open for tours and audits Q&A Session

14 APPENDIX Attached are technical Appendix Slides which can be discussed during the Q&A Session

Mineable Cell Recycling Solution Kuusakoski and PDC have developed a comprehensive solution for CRT glass Options analysis began in April 2012 Contract finalized in May 2013 Fully

15 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution Kuusakoski and PDC have developed a comprehensive solution for CRT glass Options analysis began in April 2012 Contract finalized in May 2013 Fully operational in November 2013 Kuusakoski generates crushed CRT glass at its Peoria Glass Recycling Facility from: Dismantling of whole CRT devices Bare CRTs from e-waste processors

16 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution Why does CRT funnel glass have to be managed differently as compared to other e-waste materials? CRT funnel glass typically exhibits toxicity for lead (D008) Toxicity characteristics are found in 40 CFR , Table 1 Lead-bearing CRT funnel glass is prohibited from being disposed in a Subtitle D (i.e. nonhazardous) landfill because of its toxicity characteristics (i.e. > 5 ppm TCLP lead)

17 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution 40 CFR Table 1

18 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution How can PDC store CRT funnel glass in a Subtitle D Landfill? 40 CFR Part 268 subpart D establishes Treatment Standards for hazardous waste A prohibited waste identified in the table may be land disposed only if it meets the requirements found in the table Compliance with treatment standards is measured by an analysis of grab samples, unless otherwise noted

19 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution Treatment Standards Table 40 CFR Universal Treatment Standards (UTS) Metals Regulated Constituent common name CAS Number Concentration in mg/l Concentration in mg/kg unless noted as "mg/l TCLP" Antimony mg/l TCLP Arsenic mg/l TCLP Barium mg/l TCLP Beryllium mg/l TCLP Cadmium mg/l TCLP Chormium (Total) mg/l TCLP Lead mg/l TCLP Mercury - All Others mg/l TCLP Nickel mg/l TCLP Selenium mg/l TCLP Silver mg/l TCLP Thallium mg/l TCLP Vanadium mg/l TCLP Zinc mg/l TCLP Note: PDC must also meet 40 CFR standards for Underlying Hazardous Constituents (UHCs) as well. Vanadium and Zinc are not UHCs.

20 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution What is PDC s treatment process for CRT glass? Hazardous stabilization process whereby the CRT funnel glass is physically and chemically changed so that the leachability of the lead content in the glass is virtually immobilized PDC accepted crushed CRT glass from Zenith s manufacturing facility in Melrose Park, IL for treatment and disposal from 1989 to 1998 PDC is now using the same treatment technology it has developed for the delisting of K061 Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) dusts generated by steel mills, the largest hazardous waste stream generated by volume in the U.S. today, on crushed CRT funnel glass generated by e-waste collectors/processors

21 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution The treatment process was approved for the delisting of K061 EAF dust by the Illinois Pollution Control Board (IPCB) in January 2009 The K061 delisting order issued by the IPCB requires PDC to meet the UTS standards for antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, total chromium, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, vanadium and zinc Since PDC is using the same treatment technology for CRT glass as it is using for K061 EAF dust, this means that PDC is voluntarily analyzing for many more metals, not just lead PDC typically achieves treatment results for CRT funnel glass at or below laboratory instrumentation detection levels for lead (i.e. <0.02 ppm)

22 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution Important Note: Based on the EPA regulations, CRT panel glass (i.e. non Focus Material) can be stored in a monofill retrievable cell at a lead concentration level of 4.99 ppm or less CRT funnel glass (i.e. Focus Material) can only be stored post-treatment at a lead concentration level meeting UTS of 0.75 ppm or less Based on PDC s experience, the treated CRT glass is being stored at Indian Creek at lead concentrations well below the UTS, i.e ppm

Mineable Cell Recycling Solution PDC transports crushed glass to its Waste Stabilization Facility (WSF) PDC is a licensed

environmental violation since 1991; during this time, over 500 unannounced inspections have been performed by IEPA Crushed CRT

further crushes it to <2 Proprietary chemical treatment reagent blend, and water, is added in mixing unit Samples of treated

23 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution PDC transports crushed glass to its Waste Stabilization Facility (WSF) PDC is a licensed hazardous waste hauler; leaded CRT glass is managed as a hazardous waste prior to treatment WSF has not received an environmental violation since 1991; during this time, over 500 unannounced inspections have been performed by IEPA Crushed CRT Glass Crushed glass is treated, rendering it non-hazardous and the lead relatively non-leachable Delivered glass is <6 ; PDC further crushes it to <2 Proprietary chemical treatment reagent blend, and water, is added in mixing unit Samples of treated CRT glass are collected for TCLP analyses to verify compliance with EPA Universal Treatment Standards Waste Stabilization Facility Treated CRT Glass

24 Mineable Cell Recycling Solution PDC transports treated CRT glass to Indian Creek to be stored in dedicated retrievable cells. All treated CRT glass is stored at Indian Creek, and is tracked and recorded accordingly Indian Creek has 30 or more years of disposal capacity, with room to expand Since opening in July 2004, Indian Creek has not received a single environmental violation from IEPA or the Tazewell County Health Dept. Indian Creek Treated Glass Placed in Mineable Cell

Professional Recyclers of Pennsylvania 2017 Annual Recycling & Organics Conference July 28, Rich Hipp, President & CEO Kuusakoski US

Professional Recyclers of Pennsylvania 2017 Annual Recycling & Organics Conference July 28, 2017 Rich Hipp, President & CEO Kuusakoski US About Kuusakoski Recycling Family-owned, Finnish company in recycling