DRAFT MALAYSIAN STANDARD. OFFICER/SUPPORT STAFF: (NI / zt) Descriptors: dry dust collectors, air pollution control, specification

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1 DRAFT MALAYSIAN STANDARD 15Z004R1 STAGE : PUBLIC COMMENT (40.20) DATE : 01/05/ /06/2016 Performance evaluation of air pollution control and treatment systems - Dry dust collectors - Specification (First revision) OFFICER/SUPPORT STAFF: (NI / zt) ICS: Descriptors: dry dust collectors, air pollution control, specification Copyright 2016 DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA

2 Contents Page Committee representation...ii Foreword...iii 1 Scope Normative references Safety aspects Terms and definitions Principle Summary of methods Required personnel Apparatus Preparatory work before sampling Testing procedure Method of calculation Accuracy Reporting Annex A Sample calculation and interpretation Annex B Schematic diagram of sampling equipment STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved i

3 Committee representation The Industry Standards Committee on Environmental Management (ISC Z) under whose authority this Malaysian Standard was adopted, comprises representatives from the following organisations: Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia Association of Environmental Consultants and Companies of Malaysia Centre for Environment Technology and Development Malaysia Department of Environment, Malaysia Department of Standards Malaysia Environmental Management and Research Association of Malaysia Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology Malaysian Institute of Chemistry Malaysian International Chamber of Commerce and Industry Malaysian Palm Oil Council Malaysian Plastics Manufacturers Association Malaysian Rubber Board Malaysian Rubber Glove Manufacturer's Association Malaysian Textile Manufacturers Association Ministry of Domestic Trade, Co-operatives and Consumerism Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation SIRIM Berhad SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) The Electrical and Electronics Association of Malaysia The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Universiti Malaya Universiti Putra Malaysia The Technical Committee on Air Quality which supervised the development of this Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: Alam Sekitar Malaysia Sdn Bhd Association of Environmental Consultants and Companies of Malaysia Department of Chemistry, Malaysia Department of Environment, Malaysia Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia Malaysian Industrial Hygiene Association Malaysian Meteorological Department Ministry of Health Malaysia (Engineering Services Division) SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia The Working Group on Stationary Source Emissions which developed this Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: Alam Sekitar Malaysia Sdn Bhd Association of Environmental Consultants and Companies of Malaysia Department of Chemistry, Malaysia Department of Environment, Malaysia Environmental Science (M) Sdn Bhd Excel Air Engineering Sdn Bhd Lembaga Getah Malaysia Ministry of Health Malaysia (Engineering Services Division) SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) Spectrum Laboratories Sdn Bhd The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Universiti Malaya ii STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

4 Foreword This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Working Group on Stationary Source Emissions under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee on Environmental Management. Major modifications in this revision are as follows: a) The title had been changed to reflect a wider coverage for dry filter aside from mechanical dust collectors; b) Addition of new terminology under clause 4; and c) Insertion of new requirements in the standard to cater for Method II, Collected dust measurement. This Malaysian Standard cancels and replaces MS 1723:2003, Performance evaluation of air pollution control and treatment systems: Mechanical dust collectors. Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved iii

5 Performance evaluation of air pollution control and treatment systems - Dry dust collectors - Specification 1 Scope This Malaysian Standard prescribes the requirements of performance evaluation of dry dust collectors by measuring simultaneously the inlet and outlet dust loads at isokinetic conditions. This standard does not describe the measurement itself, which is covered by a separate Malaysian Standard as stated below. 2 Normative references The following normative references are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative references (including any amendments) applies. MS 1596:2003, Determination of concentration and mass flow of particulate matter in flue gas for stationary source emissions ISO , Particle size analysis - Laser diffraction methods - Part 1: General principles 3 Safety aspects Special care should be taken to accommodate for the complexity of this measurement, specifically in the minimum amount of personnel to conduct the test, secured access platforms and securely fastened sampling probes. See Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 4.1 access port A hole in the duct at the extremity of a sampling line, through which the sampling probe is inserted [see Figure 1 and sampling line (4.22)]. 4.2 actual conditions Temperature and pressure at the sampling points. 4.3 collection bag The bag shall be minimum one cubic meter in storage volume and the material shall be able to withstand high temperature, where applicable. 1 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

6 4.4 computer aided sampling equipment General description of equipment that uses computer software to calculate various gas conditions while measuring to quicken response time and increase the measuring accuracy. 4.5 cumulative sampling The collection of a single composite sample obtained by sampling for the required period at each sampling point in turn. 4.6 dual sampling set Isokinetic equipment with a centralised control unit and two sampling sets, used to measure inlet and outlet dust loads at the same time. 4.7 real time sampling Measuring process conditions like temperatures and velocities at the point and time of sample extraction from the flue gas. 4.8 duct; flue; chimney; stack An enclosed structure through which gases travel. 4.9 effective pressure The difference between the pressure at the sampling point and the pressure of the ambient air at equal altitude gas A mixture of gaseous components of element which may carry particulate matter flowing in a duct grade efficiency The average efficiency (on mass basis) over a particle size interval grade efficiency curve Graphical expression of the grade efficiency of a dust collector (definition 4.10 above) hydraulic diameter The characteristic dimension of a duct cross-section is defined by 4 area of sampling plane d H perimeter of sampling plane STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 2

7 4.14 incremental sampling The collection and removal of individual samples from each sampling point [compare to cumulative sampling (4.4)] isokinetic sampling Sampling at a rate such that the velocity and direction of the gas entering the sampling nozzle is the same as that of the gas in the duct at the sampling point normal conditions Standard conditions (see 4.27) particulate concentration Mass of particulate matter per unit volume of duct gas at defined gas temperature and pressure particulate flow rate Mass of particulate matter contained in a duct gas flow per unit time particulates; particulate matter Solid particles, of any shape, structure or density, dispersed in the continuous gas phase representative gas sample A gas sample having the same mean particulate concentration as prevails in the sampling plane during sampling performance of a dust collector The separation efficiency (mass basis) versus particle size sampling plane The plane normal to the centre line of the duct at the sampling position (see Figure 1) inlet sampling plane Plane that is situated, in terms of the flow direction, before the dust collector outlet sampling plane Plane that is situated, in terms of the flow direction, after the dust collector sampling line The line in the sampling plane along which the sampling points are located (see Figure 1), bounded by the inner duct wall. 3 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

8 4.24 sampling point Specific location on a sampling line at which a sample is extracted sampling port hole See access port (4.1) site Works or plant where sampling is to be carried out specific grade efficiency The grade efficiency as measured for the operating conditions that prevailed during the testing period standard conditions Standard temperature and pressure of the gas, i.e. 273 K (0 C) and kpa. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 4

9 Figure 1. Illustration of definitions in relation to a circular duct (Method I, Inlet measurement) 5 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

10 5 Principle Figure 2. Illustration of definitions in relation to a circular duct (Method II, Collected dust measurement) Dust concentration measurements and particle samples are taken before and after a dust collector at the same time. This is valid only for a confined flow system (e.g. boiler outlet - dust collector-stack) where no leakage exists along the duct, any dust discharge valves or any other component of the flow system. The assumption will then be true that what goes in shall go out for temperatures above the dew point of any of the gases present and a continuous outflow of dust from the system. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 6

11 The particle samples are analysed for their respective particle size distributions by means of laser diffraction as specified in this standard. These data are then used to derive average efficiencies for each particle size interval. When the particle size intervals are very small, the curve approaches the actual efficiency for a specific particle size. 6 Summary of methods 6.1 Method I, Inlet measurement Dust concentrations are measured before and after the dust collector (the equipment to be evaluated) at the same time according to MS A sufficient sample of dust shall be collected in order to perform a particle size analysis of each sample. 6.2 Method II, Collected dust measurement This method involves measuring the outlet dust emission by isokinetic stack sampling and collecting the dust separated from the flue gas by the dust collector. The total collected dust over the span of the isokinetic outlet emission measurement is accurately measured using a collection bag and scale. Using the average velocity (thus volume flow) as prevailed during the isokinetic test is used to calculate a collected dust concentration. The collected concentration plus the outlet concentration is equal to the inlet concentration, (refer Annex B.2). The particle samples of either method I or method II are then expressed relative to each other. For each particle size interval the average efficiency is calculated. Due to the inaccuracies associated with dust concentration measurements, the minimum number of tests required is three conclusive tests (see Annex A). 7 Required personnel The team performing this measurement shall consist of a suitably qualified coordinator with two qualified isokinetic sampling teams (one at each sampling plane). The coordinator is required to log all plant conditions that may be relevant to the measurements during the test. The coordinator shall also be qualified to choose the best sampling planes before and after the dust collector to be performance tested. This coordinator, however, should not be required to assist with the isokinetic tests, being undertaken by the isokinetic sampling teams. When a dual sampling set (see 4.5) is used, only one isokinetic team is required. 8 Apparatus 8.1 Isokinetic sampling equipment Two sets of isokinetic sampling equipment as specified in MS These sets should be of the same capacity (extraction volume) and basic operation. Both sets shall use the same method (Method I, inlet measurement or Method II, collected dust measurement in MS 1596) of measuring the extraction volume. An integrated dual sampling real-time unit (see Annex B) is recommended as it makes counterchecking fast and uncomplicated. For any equipment selected, the specifications on accuracy and calibration requirements as given in MS 1596 shall strictly be adhered to. 7 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

12 8.2 Collection bag (Method II, Collected dust measurement) The collection bag shall be large enough for collection of the ash during the test. Multiple bags may be used if adequate sealing can be achieved in-between changing of bags. All ash should be kept until after the test for weighing and particle sample collection. 8.3 Measurement scale for dust collected in the bag (Method II, Collected dust measurement) The measurement scale shall be accurate to four significant numbers. 8.4 Particle size analyser A laser diffraction meter capable of measuring at least 64 intervals of particle sizes ranging from 0.1 μm to 200 μm is recommended. Though many different kinds of laser diffraction meters are available, with different abilities, the size range measured shall always be corresponding to the sizes present in the flue gas. Bigger particles (above 200 m) shall be sieved out if it cannot be analysed in the equipment itself, weighed and documented on the particle size distribution measurement report. These fractions shall be taken into account during the calculations of the performance characteristic of the dust collector. 9 Preparatory work before sampling 9.1 Sampling locations Identify suitable sampling locations for both the inlet and outlet sampling planes. Identify a suitable centre point where the coordinator will be stationed. This centre point shall be visible to both the inlet and outlet isokinetic teams. If a centre point that is visible to both teams cannot be found, the teams should communicate with two-way radios. Two-way radio is compulsory for any test where audio and visual communication are hampered by distance or external sounds. 9.2 Dust collection area The dust collection area shall be clear and inspected to ensure the collection point is the only dust discharge point of the dust collector. This collection point shall exclude any other sources of dust not associated with the dust collector to be measured. For example, a screw conveyor discharge with a chute and sealed off drop into the collection bag. 9.3 Auxiliary data Identify the locations of any meters, indicators and reporting equipment/personnel of all data that may directly or indirectly influence the volume flow, temperatures, pressures, dust concentration and the particulate s physical and/or chemical properties. Increase the number of technicians to ensure that all the data can be recorded in 5 min intervals. 9.4 Safety Ensure that all electrical connections are properly earthed. All cable, electrical connections and apparatus shall be waterproof when working outside buildings or in wet areas. Consult the plant engineer prior to and after the equipment has been set up. All probes and tubes should be securely locked into place. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 8

13 All personnel will be fitted with the full range of safety wear as prescribed by the plant s safety officer, but in the case of no requirements, a minimum requirement will be safety shoes, cotton overalls, cotton cloves (for low temperature processes) and heat resistant cloves (for high temperature processes) and safety helmets. All personnel working on structures higher than 3 m shall wear safety belts. For all high temperature measurements personnel operating the probe shall wear safety glasses. On all positive pressure lines personnel operating the probe shall wear dust masks in addition to safety glasses. Hoisting of equipment to platforms in high temperature processes shall be done by either using cranes, hoisting cables or, when only manual hoisting options are available, use natural fiber rope. Nylon ropes will only be used for low temperature applications. 9.5 Preliminary survey of velocities, temperatures and pressures Follow procedures as described in MS 1596 for measuring the velocity and temperature profiles at the inlet and outlet planes. 9.6 Mass balance and test for secondary air The measured mass of extracted gas should be the same for the inlet and outlet. However, due to low velocities sometimes prevalent (especially on the boiler outlet transition) and turbulent flows, the two measurements may vary. This variation (due to measuring inaccuracies) may be as high as 6 %. It is therefore required to inspect the duct works, dust collector and discharge valves for any leakages. Should leakages exist the test cannot be done until the leakages have been repaired. The latter applies to both Method I, inlet measurement and Method II, collected dust measurement. 10 Testing procedure 10.1 Method I, Inlet measurement Follow MS 1596 for the sampling procedure for each sampling plane with the exception that the sampling times are controlled by the coordinator, ensuring sampling on the inlet and outlet planes are done at the same time. Whenever sampling on one of the planes is interrupted, the sampling at the opposite plane is stopped until the test can continue for both planes. The process conditions are taken as mentioned in 9.2 at an interval of at least one reading per sampling position or at least one reading in 5 min. Should the sampling time at each sampling position be more than 5 min, two readings at approximately equal intervals shall be done at each sampling position. The incremental sampling method described in MS 1596 is not recommended by this standard, but if for special reasons this method is used, it should be documented accordingly and clearly stated how the calculations (as indicated in Clause 11) were done. The test shall be repeated a minimum of two times (three in total) to ensure reasonable accuracies and make it possible to compare results. Annex A shows a case study that is used as an example. 9 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

14 10.2 Method II, Collected dust measurement Follow MS 1596 for sampling the outlet of the dust collector (this will typically be the stack emission). Outlet sampling needs to be done with a combination probe in order to accurately measure the average volume flow and temperature over the entire sampling period. Even for stable flows (para 2 clause 10.2, MS 1596:2003), the option of a velocity profile is not allowed for this method. Ensure that there is no interference between the dust collector outlet and sampling plane in the outlet duct or stack. From a centralised collection point, collect all the dust from the dust collector hoppers during the time of the emission test. The minimum time of the emission test is 1 hr. The maximum allowed time difference between start and end processes of bag collection, and isokinetic stack measurement is 1 min. The timing accuracy for the bag collection process duration needs to be accurate to the nearest second by using a stop watch. The collected dust load is now calculated using the average volume flow as measured in the stack. The total of collected dust load and the outlet dust load, is the inlet dust load. Ensure always that only dust loads at the same gas conditions are added Particle size analysis Method I, Inlet measurement The particle size analysis shall be done according to the manufacturers guidelines, which shall conform to ISO Care shall be taken in choosing the medium (for wet analysis) when the dust is compounded (e.g. soot and fly-ash). Particles above the range of the sizer shall be sieved out, weighed and documented on the particle size distribution measurement report. These fractions shall be taken into account during the calculations of the performance characteristic of the dust collector Method II, Collected dust measurement In addition to the instructions given for Method 1 under , a sample of the collected dust will be taken from the collected dust bag as follows. Use an extended stainless soup ladle (or similar device) as in Figure 3. Push it into the dust bag. Stir the dust around in the bag with circular movements and moving the spoon up and down a few times. Lift the spoon out and immediately cover it with a sealable plastic bag. Empty the contents of the spoon into the plastic bag and take the spoon out, being careful not to spill any fugitive dust. Use a similar method, but a small spatula, to take out the dust from the sealed plastic bag in order to do the particle size analysis. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 10

15 11 Method of calculation Figure 3. Illustration of soup ladle From the normative references, the following parameters should be available for both the inlet and outlet: a) particle concentration (expressed for normal conditions: wet or dry); and b) particle size analysis. 11 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

16 11.1 Efficiency of the dust collector The efficiency of the dust collector is given by the equation: cin c η out cin (1) where, c in c out is dust concentration before dust collector; and is dust concentration after dust collector. which is only valid for a system where no secondary air is injected or extracted between the inlet and outlet planes and no condensation of any of the gas has taken place along the way Relative outlet particle size distribution All particle size distributions shall be normalised to 100 by using the following formula: where, m i,given N 100 m i,normal m i,given N m i,given 1 is the measured value in mass or volume per particle size interval; and is the total number of particle size intervals. The relative outlet particle size distribution in terms of the inlet particle size distribution is given by: c m out i, out m i,out cin From Equation (1) in 11.1 it follows that Equation (3) can be rewritten as: m i, out (1 η) m i,out where m i,out is mass per particle size interval after dust collector The grade efficiency The grade efficiency is the efficiency per particle size interval and is given by: (2) (3) (4) ( m i,in m i,out ) η i m i,in (5) where m i,in is the normalised mass per particle size interval before dust collector. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 12

17 12 Accuracy The accuracy of this method is limited by the accuracy of MS 1596, specifying the possible inaccuracy for each isokinetic dust concentration test to be as high as 10 %. To increase the accuracy of the test result, at least three acceptable isokinetic dust concentration measurements (see 10.1) shall be completed according to this standard, resulting in at least two conclusive tests. Tests shall be considered conclusive if the highest difference between the efficiency per particle size interval is less than 20 %, and the average difference is less than 10 % subject to the following condition: a) Efficiencies measured may be exempted from complying for particle size intervals representing less than 2 % of the total mass on the inlet on either side of the particle size spectrum for the case of method I, inlet measurement. b) Efficiencies measured may be exempted from complying for a particle size representing less than 10% of the upper mass for method II, collected dust measurement. The difference between the efficiency per particle size interval shall be calculated by using the following formula: where, η i,1 η i,2 δ δ η i ave i,1 Z 1 η is measured efficiency per particle size interval for first conclusive test; and is measured efficiency per particle size interval for second conclusive test. The average difference shall be calculated by using the formula: where Z is the total number of particle size intervals used for efficiency calculations. η i,2 i,1 Z η i,2 In cases where higher accuracies than mentioned above are required, the number of tests should be increased. (6) (7) 13 Reporting 13.1 Method I, Inlet measurement In addition to the reporting requirements in MS 1596, the following items shall be shown in the test report: a) original particle size analysis reports; b) results showing the overall efficiency for each test; 13 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

18 c) results showing the grade efficiency for each test; d) the grade efficiency curve for each test; and e) the average grade efficiency and grade efficiency curve (average of all the accepted tests, minimum of two) Method II, Collected dust measurement In addition to the reporting requirements in MS 1596, the following items shall be shown in the test report: a) material and size of the collection bag used; b) schematic of centralised dust collection point; c) amount of dust collected; d) duration of dust collection; e) original particle size analysis reports; f) results showing the overall efficiency for each test; g) results showing the grade efficiency for each test; h) the grade efficiency curve for each test; and i) the average grade efficiency and grade efficiency curve (average of all the accepted tests, minimum of two). STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 14

19 Annex A (informative) Sample calculation and interpretation A.1 Method I, Inlet measurement The following example illustrates the performance test on a specific centrifugal dust collector. Three tests were done, but from the results the tests are not conclusive, due to the different performance tested during Test 1. A.1.1 Results from isokinetic sampling and particle size analysis Table A1 shows the results from three isokinetic inlet/outlet tests that was done according to this standard. Dust concentration (mg/nm 3 ) Table A.1. Results from isokinetic sampling and particle size analysis Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Particle size distribution Size under (µm) Mass in band (%) to STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

20 Table A.1. Results from isokinetic sampling and particle size analysis (continued) Size under (µm) Particle size distribution Mass in band (%) STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 16

21 Table A.1. Results from isokinetic sampling and particle size analysis (concluded) A.1.2 A Size under (µm) Particle size distribution Mass in band (%) Total Sample calculation Total efficiency calculation The total efficiency for each of the three tests is calculated by using Equation (1), as in Dust concentration (mg/nm 3 ) Efficiency (mass basis) Table A.2. Calculated overall efficiencies Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet A The relative outlet particle size The relative outlet particle size is calculated by using Equation (3), as in 11.2 on each of the particle size intervals. The resultant particle size distribution is shown in Table A.3. A The grade efficiency The grade efficiency is calculated by using Equation (5), as in The results are shown in Table A STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

22 cout cin Size under (µm) Table A.3. Relative outlet particle size distributions and grade efficiencies Inlet Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Efficiency per particle size Outlet Outlet Outlet Inlet Inlet relative relative relative Particle size distribution Mass in band (%) Test 1 Test 2 Test STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 18

23 Table A.3. Relative outlet particle size distributions and grade efficiencies (continued) Size under (µm) Mass in band (%) Test 1 Test 2 Test STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

24 Table A.3. Relative outlet particle size distributions and grade efficiencies (concluded) Size under (µm) Mass in band (%) Test 1 Test 2 Test Total A.1.3 Interpretation of results Figure A.1 shows a graphical presentation of the efficiencies. The line represents the measured efficiency over a particle size interval as a function of the highest particle size of that interval. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 20

25 Figure A.1. Graph of efficiency per particle size interval using the higher value of the particle size interval Tests 2 and 3 show similar curves, with only mild differences in the ranges from 10 μm to 50 μm and above 300 μm. Test 1, however, shows a clear difference in the performance of the dust collector. It may indicated some difference in the condition of the dust collector between this and the other two tests. A third test is therefore necessary to conform to the required three representative tests (Clause 12). A.2 Method II, Collected dust measurement The following example illustrates the performance test on a specific dry dust collector. Three tests were done, but from the results the one test is not conclusive, based on the accuracy requirement of clause 12. Three isokinetic stack emission tests were performed on a boiler fitted with a dry dust collector. The dust collector has a centralised conveyor discharge point from which the collected ash was channeled into a large bag. 21 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

26 The results are shown below: Table A.4. Performance evaluation using Method II, Collected dust measurement Dust Weights Unit Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Remark Begin kg Bag empty weight End kg Bag end weight Nett (m) kg Collected Dust Weight Time (t) s By stop-watch, during Stack Sampling Average Volume Flow (Qstack, a) Moisture Content (w) Average Temperature (Tstack) Average static pressure (Pstack) Average dry, normal volume flow (Qdry, N) Collected Dust Load (c) Dust Load in Stack Dust Load after Boiler Collection Efficiency wet, m 3 /s From stack Sampling, combination probe % Using Ice Submerged Condenser / silica gel C In Stack kpa Nm 3 /s, dry g/nm 3, dry g/nm 3, dry g/nm 3, dry % 42% 32% 40% STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 22

27 Calculate the dry, normalised volume flow, we use the average stack volume flow (for the full duration of the Isokinetic test): 273 Q, = Q, (273 + T ) P w ( ) c = m 1000 t 1 Q, where; Q is the volume flow rate in m 3 /s P is the static pressure in kpa, absolute T is the temperature in C C is the dust concentration in g/nm 3, dry m is the collected dust in kg t is the time in s w is the moisture in % subscripts: dry indicates that the moisture is removed at 0 C or with silica gel N indicates normal conditions at 0 C, kpa a indicates actual conditions 23 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

28 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 22 Use the inlet and outlet dust loads similarly to Method I to calculate the grade efficiency curve for each tests. Test 1 Table A.5. Particle size analysis and grade efficiencies Inlet Collected Outlet Grade Efficiency Size (um) (Calculated) (Measured) Relative (Measured) Relative Band Cum Band Cum Band cum Band Cum Band Cum % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass Z004R1

29 25 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved Size (um) Test 1 Table A.5. Particle size analysis and grade efficiencies (continued) Inlet Collected Outlet Grade (Calculated) (Measured) Relative (Measured) Relative Efficiency Band Cum Band Cum Band cum Band Cum Band Cum % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass Z004R1

30 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 24 Size (um) Test 1 Table A.5. Particle size analysis and grade efficiencies (continued) Inlet Collected Outlet Grade (Calculated) (Measured) Relative (Measured) Relative Efficiency Band Cum Band Cum Band cum Band Cum Band Cum % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass Z004R1

31 27 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved Size (um) Table A.5. Particle size analysis and grade efficiencies (continued) Test 1 Inlet Collected Outlet Grade (Calculated) (Measured) Relative (Measured) Relative Efficiency Band Cum Band Cum Band cum Band Cum Band Cum % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass % mass (end of test 1) 15Z004R1

32 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 24 Size [um] Particle Size Analysis and Grade Efficiencies Table A.5. Particle size analysis and grade efficiencies (continued) Test 2 Inlet Collected Outlet Grade Measured Relative Measured Relative Efficiency Band Cum Band Cum Band Cum Band Cum Band Cum [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] Z004R1

33 29 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved Size [um] Particle Size Analysis and Grade Efficiencies Test 2 Table A.5. Particle size analysis and grade efficiencies (continued) Inlet Collected Outlet Grade Measured Relative Measured Relative Efficiency Band Cum Band Cum Band Cum Band Cum Band Cum [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] [% mass] Z004R1