2. Health & Safety Standards of Operation. Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence

Transcription

1 2. Health & Safety s of Operation Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence

2 2. Health & Safety s of Operation Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.1 Introduction Module 1 Commitment & Responsibilities Action Planner - Commitment & Responsibilities Module 2 Health & Safety Culture and Safe Behaviour Introducing SAM Action Planner - Health & Safety Culture and 5 Safe Behaviour Introducing SAM 2.6 Module 3 Training Action Planner - Training Module 4 Consultation & Communication Action Planner - Consultation & Communication Module 5 Risk Assessment & Hazard Management Action Planner - Risk Assessment & Hazard Management Module 6 Operational Safety Action Planner - Operational Safety Module 7 Incident & Emergency Management Action Planner - Incident & Emergency Management Module 8 Injury Management Action Planner - Injury Management OHSAS 18001/ OHSAS 18001/BS BS Action Planner - OHSAS 18001/BS Appendix Unit Health & Safety 20

3 2. Health & Safety s of Operation Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence 2.1 Introduction This handbook is provided to introduce you to the Health & Safety s of Operation with the primary aim of communicating Health and Safety standards. It will assist you to establish a safe, healthy and productive work environment for all employees, contractors, clients and customers at your unit. What is the Health & Safety s of Operation all about? The Health & Safety s of Operation is designed to create a safe work culture. To support the programme this handbook is designed as an aid to achieving the goal of a safe work culture by providing: Strategies or plans. The handbook will provide you with basic safety management strategies that will be implemented at all business units. These safety management strategies focus on creating a safe work culture. Methods to identify hazards. Simple processes are outlined to successfully identify and then eliminate or control hazards within your unit. Methods to eliminate or control hazards. When hazards are present and identified, you must determine how best to modify your work practices and processes with the goal of effectively eliminating or controlling the risk, and ultimately to prevent injury. Assistance to implement an effective Health & Safety s. The Health & Safety s has been designed as a progressive programme to assist you to implement an effective Health & Safety s. The handbook will guide you through following designated levels of implementation. Level No Safety Programme Start Up Description Units do not have a Health & Safety s in place. Employee s health and safety is at risk. No unit can be permitted to remain at this level. Start Up standard for new units, or units with no previous Health & Safety s. Units should only be permitted to remain at this standard for a maximum of 12 months. The is a Best in Class standard for our industry. It is the company standard that all units must achieve. At this standard, a unit complies with legal requirements and company policy. Some units may desire external third party certification of the occupational health and safety programme. The international standard for external certification is ISO ISO is not a Page 1 of 4 Introduction October 2007

4 requirement, however to facilitate ISO certification, an implementation guide is contained at the end of the handbook. How long will this take? The Health & Safety s does not expect that all units will be at the from the commencement of trading, rather, that the is achieved within 12 months of commencement. Safety SAM SAM is the champion and icon of the Health & Safety s. SAM is a communication tool by which all employees participate in the discussion, activity and culture of safety at work. SAM will champion the goal of bringing about a Safe Work Culture and Safe Behaviour by all employees. How can SAM promote a Safe Work Culture? SAM presents in three colours that represent three states of health & safety in the workplace. SAM turns RED - SAM warns us not to work with an unsafe condition. SAM turns YELLOW - SAM is a beacon for caution, and, SAM turns GREEN - SAM indicates that this is a safe activity and a safe place. Green SAM represents a safe place of work. A green SAM means Safe Equipment that is designed for the job. It means a Safe Workplace that is correctly designed for the work undertaken. Green SAM is actively looking to make the workplace a safer place, contributes ideas and helps teammates. A yellow SAM indicates caution. A yellow SAM normally indicates that work requires adherence to a Safe Work Procedure; that supervision is required and that training is required. Wherever a yellow SAM exists the unit should always seek to use great ideas to change yellow SAM s to green SAM s. A red SAM is warning you not to use a piece of equipment, a work practice or a work place. A red SAM indicates there is a hazard that is not adequately controlled. Page 2 of 4 Introduction October 2007

5 SAM appears throughout the handbook as a guide to assist with the implementation of your Health & Safety s. There is more information about SAM throughout the handbook, with suggestions about the use of SAM included in Module 8. How do you use this handbook? You will find 8 modules, each of which contains a key element of your health & safety management programme. It is suggested that a unit approaches implementation by doing one module at a time, beginning with the Start Up level. After discussing the content of a module with your team, undertake the self-assessment to determine how you rate. From there you should complete the implementation table for the Start Up level for the module, setting in place an action plan to achieve the Start Up, if necessary. Once the unit has completed all the modules and the corresponding action plans, the unit should then set about working through each module to complete the implementation items. On completion of the action plans, units should request a compliance audit from their regional manager. Units that require ISO certification will also need to complete the ISO guide at the end of the handbook, once the has been achieved. The following flowchart is a simple illustration of the process. Unit Start Up Unit team meeting to introduce great safety plan implementation of Start Up Level Unit team meeting for a module review Self Assessment Start Up Level Implementation Plan & Action plan for module Repeat for all modules Regional Compliance Check Achieve Start Up Repeat Process for Who is this handbook for? This handbook is principally designed for a unit manager, however, the handbook can be used by: Regional Managers Safety Representatives Employees Anyone wanting to improve unit safety Page 3 of 4 Introduction October 2007

6 Summary The handbook demonstrates in a practical way, what health & safety management is, and how management and employees can work together to make their workplace and work practice safe and efficient. This handbook is a minimum standard for all units and business activities in all countries/sectors. Your Safety Health Environment team can assist further with the implementation of the Health & Safety s. In summary, the Health & Safety SAM Handbook is designed to assist you to use the Health & Safety s, under the icon SAM s guidance, to effectively improve your workplace environment and create a safe work culture. We trust that the information provided to you in this manual will assist you to deliver the commitment to a safe work culture. Group Health, Safety and Environment Forum (HSE-Forum) Page 4 of 4 Introduction October 2007

7 2. Health & Safety s of Operation Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence 2.2 Module 1: Commitment & Responsibilities Objective: To communicate the Company s commitment to safety and health to all employees. Our aspiration for health & safety starts with Group PLC and extends to every employee in the company. The company commitment is expressed in the policy issued by the Group PLC Board. COMPASS GROUP PLC HEALTH & SAFETY POLICY STATEMENT Each of us at Group has a moral obligation to safeguard each other, our customers and the environment by aspiring to operate a safe, injury free and healthy workplace serving food that is always safe to eat ant to minimise, our impact on the environment. Our primary concern is the safety of our employees, our customers, our contractors and the wider community by managing our people and our work practices in a safe and responsible way. As the very minimum we will comply with all relevant legislation and approved codes of practice. To ensure best practice we have developed a common minimum operating standard and set of behaviours which will be practiced at every location we operate. These are based on the strictest regulatory requirements and industry best practice and are being introduced into all our operations over the next five years will set the benchmark for our industry. We will strive to continuously improve our performance and we will regularly measure compliance against these standards and implement performance objectives to assure our clients, customers and others who work with us that we are operating the safest environment possible. I have set clear objectives and targets against which we will measure and report on our health and safety performance. Specifically, we will: Seek to prevent injury to any employee, customer or contractor Conduct a full risk assessment as soon as practical in taking on any new contract Consider the safety implications of our procurement decisions Ensure that every employee is properly trained to safely perform their work We will also expect similarly high standards from our suppliers and contractors. It is my responsibility as Chief Executive to ensure that the appropriate resources, including human and financial ones, are committed towards implementing this policy across all our operations and communicating our policies and standards to all our employees. Our health and safety performance will be considered at every management meeting in Group and the Board will review this policy annually to ensure that it continues to reflect the aims and aspirations of the company. We will report annually in November on the introduction of and Page 1 of 5 Module 1 - Commitment & Responsibility October 2007

8 compliance with these standards, on the number of our units that meet the requirements of our Health & Safety Audit and loss time injuries. Richard Cousins Group Chief Executive Our Commitment? Our Company believes that commitment to safety requires a balanced approach from both management and employees. As part of this approach, our Company expects that management at all levels will: Ensure compliance with the health & safety standards; Provide and maintain a safe working environment at all times; Develop, promote and implement Company health and safety systems and practices; Effectively use Company resources to meet our health and safety standards and objectives; Train all employees to enable them to work in a safe and efficient manner. In addition to the above, our Company expects all employees to: Display a duty of care for themselves and other employees in providing a safe working environment; Report any unsafe acts or conditions to their supervisor or manager promptly; Actively contribute great! ideas in order to make the workplace safer and more productive; Never walk away from an unsafe act or a hazard e.g.: If an employee observes someone else performing an unsafe act, they should explain to that person why it is unsafe and ask that they stop. If they refuse, it is the employee s responsibility to report this to management and it is management s responsibility to act; Not come to work under the influence of non-prescribed drugs or alcohol; Always wear the correct personal protective equipment; and Follow safe work procedures at all times. What Is Duty Of Care? A GREEN SAM understands that duty of care is required to provide a safe working environment. Both management and employees have a duty of care to provide for a safe working environment. Duty of care requires each person to take reasonable care to prevent injury to themselves and others. A number of factors will assist in determining the duty of care. These include: What is reasonable in the circumstances? What is the magnitude of the risk? What is the chance of an incident occurring? Is there an approved safe work method of an equivalent or higher standard? Have changes in technology, work methods, processes, equipment etc been considered? Is there a safer method that will prevent an incident occurring? Page 2 of 5 Module 1 - Commitment & Responsibility October 2007

9 Is the cost of preventing an incident out of all proportion to the degree and probability of the risk occurring? General Duties of Employers As a company with great! people, we have a duty of care to ensure all of the following: Provision of A Safe Workplace The workplace itself must also be kept in a condition that is safe. This could include such things as placing equipment in appropriate storage areas, cleanliness and removal of spilled substances to prevent slips, trips and falls, preventing obstructions at fire doors etc. The responsibility to provide a safe workplace rests equally with our Clients, where they provide the buildings and equipment that we work in and with. Safe Plant & Substances We must make arrangements to ensure that any plant and substance is properly used, handled, stored and transported. We must make available adequate information about substances and any conditions necessary to ensure that the substance is safe and without risk. This could include information about the dangers of the substances, how to use them safely and what to do if there is an accidental spillage. Safe Systems of Work Safe systems of work consider how and when each task is done, the steps involved, the equipment required, the skills and knowledge of employees and the specific safety issues. Unsafe work practices should be prevented by establishing systems of work and work targets that are safe and by providing safety equipment where necessary. Safe systems of work must be enforced through appropriate supervision. Provision of Information, Instruction, Training & Supervision Our employees must be adequately instructed and trained in safe systems of work to ensure that they use: Safe methods for carrying out tasks; Safe methods with equipment and substances; Health and safety control measures; Personal protective equipment; and, Reporting and emergency procedures. Our employees must receive the necessary supervision to ensure health and safety. A range of factors will determine what is meant by necessary. These may include complexity of the tasks, associated hazards and level of risk, skills, knowledge and experience of the employee, the workplace and environment and the system of work. Working Environment & Facilities The working environment should ensure that the workplace takes into account welfare and may include employee amenities (toilets, washrooms, meal rooms), sufficient floor space, appropriate lighting and temperature control, suitable work targets and work organization. The Company s Duty to Others We are responsible for the health and safety of people other than employees, who may be present at the workplace. Others at the workplace could include: Customers or clients visiting the workplace; Visitors on inspections; School students on work experience; Independent contractors and our sub-contractors who carry out work on the premises, e.g. installing, maintaining or repairing equipment; Employees of other employers who are present at the workplace; Customers or contractors who use plant, equipment or substances supplied provided by us; and, Delivery drivers who access, parking and load or unload goods and equipment. Page 3 of 5 Module 1 - Commitment & Responsibility October 2007

10 Everyone who works in our units as a client employee, contractor or delivery driver; or is in our workplace for any reason, relies in good faith on the standards of health and safety that we maintain. It is very important that units ensure that the health & safety standards takes into account all of the activities, and occupants of the unit. Responsibilities of our Employees Our employees have the right to work in a safe and healthy workplace and in return, an employee also has responsibilities. In general an employee at work must: Take reasonable care for the health and safety of other people at the workplace that may be affected by the employee s actions; and Cooperate with the company in anything that the company does or requires, in order to ensure safety. Our employees must make sure that their actions do not put other people at risk. They must work safely, use and maintain plant and equipment properly and ensure that their work area is free of hazards. Cooperating with the company may include: Notifying supervisors of actual and potential hazards; Wearing or using prescribed safety equipment e.g. Personal Protective Equipment, machine guarding; Carrying out work in a safe manner; Following health and safety instructions; Taking notice of signs; Adhering to speed limits e.g. whilst operating a forklift; and Participating in safety training. Our employees must not, intentionally or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interests of health and safety and welfare under occupational health and safety legislation. This may include: Moving or defacing signs; Tampering with warning alarms; Removing machine guards; Skylarking; Playing jokes; and Behaving in a way that results in risk to others. Characteristics of a Health & Safety Culture GREEN SAM says that if our health & safety standards are implemented correctly, it will instill all of the following characteristics within our operations (for both management and employees). Management concern and control company management has ultimate responsibility for health and safety. Management must demonstrate an appropriate duty of care and concern itself with all aspects of workplace health and safety. The company safety policy is to be displayed publicly and there must be adequate training and supervision. Employee due care and cooperation if the unit management is seriously attempting to meet the right of their team members to work in a safe and healthy workplace, the employee generally will demonstrate a good safety awareness and will be happy to cooperate with unit management and not inhibit them in carrying out their responsibility. Consultation employees can only cooperate effectively if there is appropriate consultation with management. These two concepts are mutually reinforcing effective consultation leads to improved employer ability to ensure health and safety through employee cooperation, which in turn helps to develop a safety culture in the workplace. This is covered in Module 4. Page 4 of 5 Module 1 - Commitment & Responsibility October 2007

11 Characteristics of an Unsafe Work Culture In order to develop a health & safety culture within our operations, it is essential that we are able to identify the characteristics of an unsafe work culture. RED SAM says that the characteristics of an unsafe work culture are as follows. Lack of concern or control managers and supervisors may be unconcerned or attach low priority to health and safety. This may lead to a lack of due care and minimal control over safety issues, which in turn, affects unit attitudes and actions. Blame managers and supervisors may consider health and safety problems in terms of the employee being uncooperative or at fault. There can be a tendency to blame people for health and safety problems. This will result in people hiding safety issues. Unsafe systems unsafe systems force employees to adapt to unacceptable health and safety practices. Employees may resolve the initial conflict between our safety expectations by gradually adapting and accepting unsafe workplace practices. Poor teamwork/leadership an unsafe workplace may be the result of poor relations between managers and their unit team members. Implementation Guidance Detailed procedures are contained in the company health & safety manual. Review the reference material to obtain material to assist in the implementation of the module. Reference Materials Group Safety & Health Policy Roles and Responsibilities Procedure Page 5 of 5 Module 1 - Commitment & Responsibility October 2007

12 2.3 Action Planner - Commitment & Responsibilities Current Status Action Required Who Due Great Safety Level No elements of the Commitment and Responsibility Module commenced. Not Started Provide each employee with a copy of the Health & Safety Handbook Partially Start up Ensure that the Health & Safety Policy is on display at your unit in a prominent location. Partially Start up Ensure all unit team members are aware of the location of the policy. Partially Start up Ensure all unit team members understand its content. Partially Start up A health & safety coordinator is appointed to coordinate the health & safety standards and implementation for the unit. Partially Start up All unit team members have a responsibility to thoroughly read the contents of the employee safety handbook and complete the Message Received component as a record of understanding. Partially The signed Message Received component for all unit team members is to be filed with the employee s personnel records. Partially The commitment to safety is communicated to unit team members by all managers, regularly. Partially As part of your Training Plan (refer to Module 3 Training) undertake training with employees, defining their responsibilities and required commitment to safety. Partially Page 1 of 1 Module 1 - Commitment & Responsibility October 2007

13 2. Health & Safety s of Operation Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence 2.4 Module 2: Health & Safety Culture and Safety Behaviour - SAM Objective: To ensure both management and employees subscribe to our health & safety culture and practice safe behaviour our health & safety culture requires safety to be a part of every decision and action made by every employee and manager that affects the way we work. What Is a Safe Work Culture? A Safe Work Culture is one in which the right to a safe and healthy working environment is respected at all levels in our company. It is one where managers, supervisors and employees actively participate in securing a safe and healthy working environment through a system of defined rights, responsibilities and duties, and where the principle of prevention is accorded the highest priority. Building and maintaining a preventative safety and health culture requires us to make use of all available means to increase general awareness, knowledge and understanding of the concepts of hazards and risks and how they may be prevented or controlled. The health & safety standards provide a basic safety management strategy that will engender both a Safe Work Culture and safety behaviour practices across all business units. The safety management strategies in this handbook focus on culture and the simple processes that are required to successfully identify and control hazards within our work places. This process is the core of the culture we are seeking to achieve. Within this handbook and our health & safety standards we have created the three health & safety standard levels for our units, together with the SAM communication tool. This is the fundamental structure on which a unit builds a safe work culture. The implementation of all the elements of the health & safety standards are required to complete the safety culture we are seeking to achieve in our business. It is very important that we do not adopt a Blame Culture in our health & safety standards. The culture and behaviour we are seeking to practice will not prevail if there is persecution for poor safety performance. Failures allow us to learn and improve. If failure is disguised and hidden, it will continue to occur. An open culture recognizes that failures are an opportunity to continuously improve our health & safety standard. Our culture will have failed if it does not promote open problem solving, and encourage our people to be perform better and be more successful. In saying this, the health & safety culture is not designed to accept deliberate and reckless non-compliance with safe work practices. These should be treated in the same way that other operational non-compliances are managed in the business. Whilst saying this, we must remember that it is often easier to blame an injured team member for an incident, than to critically examine why the incident occurred, and identify a way to prevent it from re-occurring. What Is a Safety Behaviour? Safety behaviour is an individual commitment to the health & safety culture. It requires a commitment to the health & safety standards and the practice of safe behaviour in all aspects of our work. Safe behaviour applies to all levels within the company, and is not a concept that is limited to unit employees performing the physical work in our business. Safe behaviour equally applies to: a managing director making decisions about the resources of a business; the unit manager making decisions about the way work will be performed in a unit; or a purchasing manager making decisions about the type of equipment provided to a unit or the weight of drum of oil that will be delivered to a unit. Safe behaviour must be part of the decision making process used by every employee, supervisor and manager in the conduct of our business. Page 1 of 3 Module 2 - Safety Culture & Safety Behaviour October 2007

14 Implementing a Safety Culture and Safe Behaviour Safety SAM The key to our health & safety culture is consultation and communication. Consultation with our people can occur at any time, and will encourage a sense of involvement and participation in health and safety issues. It is well known that people who have been involved in the decision-making process about change are more inclined to accept the change. Consultation results in our people being better informed and more motivated to participate. Good communication encourages feedback to determine if the information has been understood and accepted, or if clarification is needed. Good communication assists in gaining agreement to develop a positive, productive and safe work environment. Employees who are fully informed and involved in decisions about their work processes are likely to be more motivated to undertake work activities safely and efficiently, and therefore practice safe behaviour. To promote a safe work culture we have introduced our health & safety lexicon, and its icon SAM (Stop, Action, Monitor). SAM is our safety champion, the icon of our safety programme, and the means by which we engage all employees in the discussion, activity and culture of safety at work, and therefore safe behaviour. SAM has three colours to represent the different states or conditions of safety in the workplace. When SAM turns RED, SAM warns us not to work with an unsafe condition. When SAM is YELLOW, he is a beacon for caution, and when he is GREEN, SAM indicates that this is a safe activity and a safe place. Green SAM represents a safe place of work. A green SAM means Safe Equipment that is designed for the job. It means a Safe Workplace that is correctly designed for the work undertaken. Green SAM is actively looking to make the workplace a safer place, contributes ideas and helps team-mates. A yellow SAM indicates caution. A yellow SAM normally indicates that work requires adherence to a Safe Work Procedure; that supervision is required and that training is required. Wherever a yellow SAM exists the unit should always seek to use great ideas to change yellow SAM s to green SAM s. A red SAM is warning you not to use a piece of equipment, a work practice or a work place. A red SAM indicates there is a hazard that is not adequately controlled. SAM appears throughout this handbook as a guide to assist with the implementation of our health & safety standards. To introduce SAM to your unit, we have provided SAM resources as part of the health & safety standards. One of these resources is a SAM training kit that can be used to introduce SAM to your unit. The Page 2 of 3 Module 2 - Safety Culture & Safety Behaviour October 2007

15 training kit guides you through the introduction of SAM and the safety culture behind SAM. The process works as follows: As a team, walk around the kitchen and place the HEALTH & SAFETY SAM equipment stickers on or near the equipment provided. Read the safety comments as you do it and discuss the hazards with your team. Post the Health & Safety Sam Posters in a prominent location on your notice board. Give your team SAM comment stickers and encourage them to place them around the site and write observations on them. This process will introduce SAM and health & safety to your unit, and begin the journey from good to health & safety. Implementation Guidance Detailed procedures are contained in the company health & safety manual. Review the reference material to obtain material to assist in the implementation of the module. Page 3 of 3 Module 2 - Safety Culture & Safety Behaviour October 2007

16 2.5 Action Planner Safety Culture and Safety Behaviour Current Status Action Required Who Due Great Safety Level No elements of the Health & Safety Culture and Safety Behaviour Module commenced. Not Started Conduct a SAM training session with team members to introduce SAM to your unit. Partially Start up SAM Posters displayed for unit staff. Partially Start up SAM Safe Operating Procedure stickers located on unit equipment. Partially Site management communicating and supporting the safe culture and safe behaviour. Partially Employees use the Stop, Action, Monitor process in their daily activities. Partially No Blame Culture implemented for incident reporting. Partially Active use of SAM comment stickers to communicate safety messages in the unit. Partially Regular safety communication from regional management. Partially Site management communicating and supporting the safe culture and safe behaviour. Partially Unit team members actively support and encourage a health & safety culture. Partially Page 1 of 1 Module 2 - Safety Culture & Safety Behaviour October 2007

17 2. Health & Safety s of Operation Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence 2.6 Module 3: Training Objective: To ensure all employees have the competencies and skills to be able to work in a safe and responsible manner. Effective health and safety training supports company objectives and plays an important role in health & safety management. The health & safety standards build a health & safety culture that reinforces safe and healthy work practices, while training helps provide the knowledge, skills and practice necessary to sustain this culture and behavior. The objectives of our health & safety standards cannot be achieved without systematic training. Training assists the unit manger to identify, assess and control hazards and encourages the unit to maintain health & safety as a priority when planning and undertaking any work activity. The health & safety standards will not function unless our people are appropriately trained and skilled to perform their required duties in a safe and efficient manner. In almost all circumstances, training is a specific requirement and should include the following: Site orientation induction training in the use of equipment, substances, work practices and other safety matters; Information relating to work processes and substances, such as warning labels on chemical containers and chemical safety information; Instruction in how to carry out tasks in a safe and healthy manner; and Supervision to ensure that instructions are understood and that the responsible employee is capable of carrying out the task. Some training can be on the job, for example, developing safe work procedures by conducting a job safety analysis in consultation with the employee. A systematic approach to training allows participants to gain the required knowledge, skills and experience in dealing with situations they face on a daily basis. Good safety training cannot be achieved by an unplanned approach. Training should be thoroughly planned, implemented and evaluated. For the outcomes of the training to be maintained and effective, there must be a programme to continuously improve the training programme. Advantages of Safety Training Green SAM say s that there are many advantages to a systematic approach to training. The benefits of an effective health & safety training programme include: Our employees being better equipped to deal with the unexpected, therefore minimising disruption to production; Reduced incidents, injury and absenteeism due to not knowing how to do a task safely; Page 1 of 3 Module 3 - Training October 2007

18 Reduced recruitment costs by training current employees in better, improved ways of doing things; Enhanced company image, and therefore enhance of our company as a preferred employer; and Reinforcement of the company s commitment to employee health and safety. Training Programme As part of our health & safety standards we need to identify the skills required to undertake a particular job, and then arrange to have those skills available when they are required. This could mean training existing employees or engaging temporary staff, casual employees or contractors that possess the necessary skills, knowledge and qualifications. Identifying the skills for a particular job is often a simple task. For example, a kitchen hand should be trained in the correct use and maintenance of a slicing machine. The review of a safe work procedure might highlight skills that are required, or, the results of an incident investigation might have training implications for a current or future task. Once the need for a particular skill has been identified, the role of a manager or supervisor is to document that requirement and act upon it. Training should also cover administrative tasks related to planning for health and safety on the job, such as safety plans, emergency evacuation plans, purchasing procedures and safe operating procedures. A well rounded training programme is comprised of the following elements: Company induction; Workplace induction; Safe work procedure training; and Regular safety awareness training. Induction Training Induction training for all new employees is an important component of the health & safety standards. Induction training is the initial training that all employees must undertake before starting in their position. As a minimum, the induction programme should include training in two components; (1) the company induction course and (2) a detailed unit induction. Company Induction The company induction should introduce the new employee to our safe work culture as well as our health & safety standards. The Company Health & Safety induction as a minimum, should include training in the following areas: Company commitment to safety and health; Employee duties for health and safety; Hazard identification and reporting requirements; Incident reporting requirements; and Health & Safety and Safety SAM. Workplace Induction The workplace induction should provide more specific training to familiarize the new employee with the new working environment and to ensure that they can work in a safe and efficient manner. It is important in the unit induction to ensure that our employees are familiar with and competent with the safe work procedures for the unit and the equipment in the unit. The employee must also be familiar with the emergency procedures in the unit. Induction training provides an ideal opportunity to train new staff in accordance with the policies and procedures within our health & safety standards. All training needs to consider cultural differences in perception of risks and the needs of employees with non-native speaking background or other special needs. Safety Awareness Training A well rounded unit training programme will include regular topical health & safety awareness training. This type of training is focussed on a single topic, such as knife handling, or correct use of cleaning chemicals. Topics for these sessions are normally provided by company health & safety management. Page 2 of 3 Module 3 - Training October 2007

19 Implementation Guidance Detailed training procedures are contained in the company health & safety manual. Review the reference material to obtain material to assist in the implementation of your unit training programme. Reference Materials Safety Training Procedure First Aid Procedure Emergency Procedure Employee Health, Safety & Environment Handbook Country/Sector References Other Documents Preferred Employer Procedures Page 3 of 3 Module 3 - Training October 2007

20 2.7 Action Planner - Training Current Status Action Required Who Due Great Safety Level No elements of the Training Module commenced. Not Sarted Ensure all employees have completed the Company induction. Partially Start up Formulate a training plan by identifying what training is needed (eg: Induction, Manual Handling, Hazard Identification, First Aid). Partially Start up Each employee is issued with a company employee safety handbook. Partially Start up Identify who will conduct the training (eg: internal training versus external training). Partially Identify what needs to be included in the training (eg: general health and safety skills and knowledge, specific workplace issues, safe work procedures, legislative requirements, responsibilities). Partially Determine what method of training should be used (eg: interactive sessions, informal, formal, computer based). Partially Document training on employee training records. Partially Ensure all employees have completed a site-specific induction. Partially A trained first aider is easily accessible to the unit at all times. Partially Page 1 of 1 Module 3 - Training October 2007

21 2. Health & Safety s of Operation Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence 2.8 Module 4: Consultation and Communication Objective: To ensure all employees are consulted on all matters pertaining to health and safety and there are effective and open channels of communication for safety. What Is Consultation? Meaningful and effective consultation involves drawing on the knowledge, experience and ideas of our people and encouraging their active participation to improve our health & safety standards and practices. Consultation to improve health & safety standards and practices requires: The sharing of relevant information about health and safety and welfare with our employees; That our employees are given the opportunity to express their views and to contribute in a timely fashion to the resolution of health and safety and welfare issues at their place of work. When Is Consultation Required? Consultation with our people can occur at any time, and it should encourage a sense of involvement and participation in health and safety issues. It is well known that people who have been involved in the decision-making process about change are more inclined to accept the change. Consultation results in our people being better informed and more motivated to participate. Consultation should occur: When discussing and implementing the Company health & safety standards; When developing and implementing safe work procedures; When introducing a new piece of equipment or modifying existing facilities; When conducting Health & Safety Team meetings; Following an incident to identify corrective actions; Following the identification of a hazard to identify how to eliminate or minimize the risk. The Importance of Consultation The way we work is documented in our procedures. For the procedures to be effective, our people who work with these procedures should be consulted. The process should establish the responsibilities of those involved and outline the recognized resolution process for health and safety issues. Effective consultation cannot be a one-way process. Whilst management has the responsibility and authority to make decisions, our people have the right and must be given the opportunity to have an input into those decisions. In some locations there will be a health & safety team. These teams are a joint consultative mechanism that comprises both employee and management representatives who meet on a regular basis to discuss and exchange views on health and safety. These teams can be a very effective way conduct consultation and ensure good communication is in place. Health & safety teams are not the only consultative mechanism that can be used in the workplace. The choice of consultative mechanism will be determined by a number of factors including size and complexity of the organisation, location and geographic spread, management style and participation level of employees. Page 1 of 3 Module 4 - Consultation and Communication October 2007

22 What Are The Benefits Of Effective Consultation? Green SAM says that through consultation, we can become more aware of hazards and health and safety issues experienced by our people. Our people can provide great ideas about how to solve health and safety problems. Effective consultation can result in: Improved management decisions through gathering a wider source of ideas about health and safety. Greater employee commitment to health and safety through a better understanding of health and safety decisions and employee ownership of the outcome of the consultation. Greater openness, respect and trust between management and their team through developing an understanding of each other s points of view. Higher employee morale and job satisfaction through the employer demonstrating that employee views are valued and taken into account. Healthier working environments and increased productivity. Opportunities for learning through sharing of information, concepts and ideas. Reduced injury and disease with consequent savings to the employer, employees; the general community and the environment. What Is Effective Communication? Effective communication requires supervisors and managers to communicate any information concerning health and safety to all or their employees to ensure that any health and safety matter raised by an employee is investigated and the necessary actions taken. Effective health and safety communication skills become very important when individuals are required to liaise with management and/or employees. Effective communication occurs when there is a change in understanding and behavior. Communication is more likely to be effective when the message is clear, concise and contains appropriate and sufficient information. Effective communication can be achieved by knowing what is the appropriate medium to use in the situation and the efficient use of this medium (e.g. Face-to-face, , telephone, group meetings). Effective communication is used by management to: Gather and provide information; Develop safe work methods; Ensure feedback on performance and results; State objectives, deadlines and priorities; Gain agreement and consensus on issues; and Encourage positive attitudes and morale. Feedback is essential to good communication. It allows us to determine if the information has been understood and accepted, or if clarification is needed. Good communication assists in gaining agreement to develop a positive, productive and safe work environment. Employees who are fully informed and involved in decisions about their work processes are likely to be more motivated to undertake work activities safely and efficiently. Page 2 of 3 Module 4 - Consultation and Communication October 2007

23 What Is Poor Communication? Poor communication may be associated with: Lack of awareness of policy or procedure; Inaccurate information; Unsafe work practices; Accidents and injuries; Lower productivity; Stress and staff dissatisfaction; High staff turnover; Employee morale problems, resentment; Untrained employees; Inability to implement change; Barriers SAM as a Communication Tool SAM is a communication tool in the health & safety standards. Units should introduce SAM in the training programme, and use SAM as a way of identifying different safety issues and practices. Included in the great safety toolkit is a range of support tools that can be used to communicate the SAM concept to the unit team members. The material includes posters, stickers and safe work procedures for unit equipment. Implementation Guidance Detailed procedures are contained in the company health & safety manual. Review the reference material to obtain material to assist in the implementation of the module. Reference Materials Consultation and Communication Procedure Safety & Environment Team Procedure Opportunity for Improvement Procedure SAM Promotion Kit Page 3 of 3 Module 4 - Consultation and Communication October 2007

24 2.9 Action Planner Consultation & Communication Current Status Action Required Who Due Great Safety Level No elements of the Consultation and Communication Module commenced. Not Started A process for unit employees to contribute great ideas is established. Partially Start up A copy of the company safety policy is displayed for unit team members. Partially Start up Regular (monthly) team meetings are conducted with staff to discuss matters pertaining to health and safety. Issues to be discussed include: hazard identification, safe work procedures, great ideas, incident reports and training. The meetings need to be structured and operate to an agenda with minutes recorded. Partially Provide a health & safety notice board in a prominent location. Copies of hazard alerts, safety solutions, and team meeting minutes are placed on the notice board to enhance the communication process. Partially There is good two-way communication in the unit on health & safety matters. Partially SAM has been introduced to the unit; Sam posters in place, SAM stickers used, and SAM safe work procedures posted around unit equipment. Partially Page 1 of 1 Module 4 - Consultation and Communication October 2007

25 2. Health & Safety s of Operation Our Management System for Assured Compliance and Excellence 2.10 Module 5: Risk Assessment & Hazard Management Objective: To explain the process of assessing risk and managing hazards In health and safety terms, risk management is the process of recognising situations which have the potential to cause harm to people or property, and doing something to prevent the hazardous situation occurring or the person being harmed. Hazard is defined as "a potential source of harm." Risk is the "chance of a hazard causing injury or harm." There are hazards in every workplace. In a kitchen, for example, a knife is a hazard because it is sharp. A cutting board is a hazard because it can harbour bacteria. In a kitchen, when a knife is properly used, for the purpose for which it has been designed, by someone who knows how to use it, there is very little chance of injury. The risk is assessed as low. On the other hand, if an untrained person carelessly or improperly uses the knife, the risk of injury is assessed as high. If a cutting board is kept clean and in good condition, the risk of infection from salmonella and other bacteria is low. If kitchen hygiene is poor, the risk of cross infection is assessed as high. The level of risk depends on the systems of work employed to prevent the hazard causing harm. As a company that produces products and services consumed and used by our clients and the general public, it is important that we must know both the hazards and risks in our business. Risk arises out of uncertainty and has two elements: Probability or likelihood of something happening; and, Consequence or impact resulting from the event should the event occur. The risk management process consists of well defined steps, which can be likened to the problem solving process; that when taken in sequence lead to informed decisions about how best to avoid or control the impact of these risks. Just like the problem solving process, risk management involves a series of steps: Step 1 - Identify the problem - hazard identification. Step 2 - Determine how serious a problem is - risk assessment. Step 3 - Decide what needs to be done to solve the problem - risk control. Page 1 of 6 Module 5 - Risk Assessment/Hazard Management October 2007

26 Step 1 Hazard Identification We must ensure that our workplaces are free from hazards that could cause injury or disease to our employees or to other persons in the workplace such as customers or visitors. The purpose of hazard identification is to find all the hazards by asking yourself questions that begin with What if.? Identifying the hazard is only the first part of the step. It is essential that you observe or predict what could go wrong while the task is being performed. Therefore, the hazard identification process must look at the whole system of work and requires you to: 1. Take a look back into the past at what accidents have already happened. 2. Talk to the staff doing the work to find out what they consider are safety issues. 3. Take a walk around the work area to see and hear what is happening now. 4. Review any information you may have on a particular piece of equipment (manufacturers manual) or safety information to see what they say about safety precautions. 5. Think creatively into the future about what could happen if something went wrong. Most incidents occur when something does go wrong. Walking around the workplace, talking with the employees and observing how things are actually done will help you predict what could or might go wrong. Observe how people actually work; how plant and equipment is used; what chemicals are around and what they are used for; what safe or unsafe work practices exist; as well as, the state of the general housekeeping. The core principal of risk assessment is that there has to be sufficient energy in a hazard to cause injury and damage, and that the damaging energy has to come in contact with a person, the environment or property. The types of things that cause incidents and injury are: Falls (slip, trip, fall); Pressure release the energy contained in pipes and pressure vessels; Moving Objects an object in motion; e.g. a car, truck or forklift; Mechanical Devices the energy in a machine, e.g. a conveyor belt; Noise and Vibration Loud noise; Electricity Electricity; Radiation energy from radiation; Heat and Cold extremes of heat and cold; Chemicals the energy contained in chemicals such acids and toxic materials; Disease organisms that cause disease or damage; and Lifting and Manual Handling the weight or awkward nature of physical work. Our company procedures have tools that have been developed to assist you with the hazard identification process. These tools will be required to identify and control hazards. In addition to the above, examining health and safety records such as accident records, near miss records, workplace inspection reports or employee s workers compensation records will also give you clues as to what hazards exist. The describe what happened section of such reports will help lead you to the problem. If someone has been hurt doing a particular task then a hazard exists, which could hurt somebody else. Step 2 Risk Assessment Once a hazard has been identified, we must consult with our employees, to determine how likely it is that someone could be harmed by the hazard and how serious the injury or illness could be. This is done by reviewing any available information about the hazard. The type of information that you will need to examine will vary with the type of hazard but will generally include some or all of the following: Hazard information that is required to be supplied to you with the product or equipment such as chemical safety information. Page 2 of 6 Module 5 - Risk Assessment/Hazard Management October 2007