Ecosystem Approach to Small Scale Tropical Marine Fisheries (EAFM) Solomon Islands Project updates. Reuben John Sulu

Transcription

1 Ecosystem Approach to Small Scale Tropical Marine Fisheries (EAFM) Solomon Islands Project updates Reuben John Sulu

2 Philippines Tanzania Indonesia Solomon Islands Australia New Zealand

3 EU EAFM Project Objectives Assess existing institutional arrangements and understand how an EAF can overcome barriers to effective integrated small-scale fisheries (SSF) management Develop EAF strategies and actions for SSF management suitable for developing country context Strengthen the capacity of local fishery stakeholders and government agencies and work within an EAF

4 Target groups and final beneficiaries Members of coastal communities including women with broader benefits to regional and national economies of target countries

5 Estimated results I. Increased commitment to implementing EAF for SSF management in focal countries achieved through better understanding of its potential contributions to poverty reduction and environmental sustainability II. Better integration of EAF and existing institutional arrangements in focal sites III. Enhanced understanding of the roles of MPA s in the effective implementation of EAF in developing country context IV. Active participation of final beneficiaries including women in participatory research and collaborative implementation of EAF strategies in focal sites V. Capacity development of target groups achieved through collaborative research and implementation of EAF strategies in project sites VI. Practical guidelines for EAF action programmes and policy recommendations for long-term EAF planning produced and disseminated

6 Time & Community & local stakeholders participation increasing Participatory Diagnosis and Adaptive Management (in the framework of EAFM)

7 Project Site: Langalanga Lagoon, Malaita

8

9 Characteristics of Langalanga Lagoon People live within very thin strip of coastal area/ artificial islands Limited land for crop cultivation Livelihood revolves mostly around the sea for several hundred years soltwata pipol Declining marine resources over the years due to population growth, increasing livelihood demands, market pressures and destructive fishing practices Several ongoing initiatives at the moment to rehabilitate some of the destroyed ecosystems.

10 Main livelihood activities at present Shell money and shell jewelry production and trade Fishing and selling of fish Boat building, inter-island shipping services and stevedoring Small business enterprises Food gardening Remittances From: From:

11 Resource Ownership, Governance and Resource Management Land and sea area owned under customary system by tribes and rights to use are inherited patrilineally, although different types of user rights exist. Traditional resource management mechanism was access control (Taboos) which were usually preceded by traditional rituals involving sacrifices. This however has waned in modern times due to Christianization of the area. Most LLL people do not want their return as they are considered too dangerous. Presently open access seems to be the norm Christian taboos at present are sometimes enacted but are mostly ignored

12 What do we know about small-scale fisheries in LLL? 1. No quantitative data available on fisheries related parameters such as I. Number of boats II. Types of boats III. Fishing methods IV. Species targeted and sizes, V. Catch landings VI. Trophic characteristics over time of landed catches VII. Coral cover and other ecosystem characteristics/indicators VIII.Socio-ecological relationships 2. A few studies on socioeconomics and anthropology do exist which provide back ground understanding of the location and some aspects of livelihoods, resource use & consumption patterns.

13 Time & Community & local stakeholders participation increasing Participatory Diagnosis and Adaptive Management (in the framework of EAFM) 1. Diagnosis A. Review of EAFM in Sol. Is Which was done by a consultant: Gillian Goby

14 Brief over-view of EAFM Policy on the National Level (Gillian Goby report) for CTI Progressed with offshore fisheries, which remained a draft in 2012 and up to now, owing to: i) support from South Pacific Forum Fisheries Agency and ii) economic and national interest and support for tuna fisheries Focus is on offshore fisheries and little attention to developing an EAFM framework for inshore fisheries EAFM concepts however are embodied in some relevant environment related legislations and policies (Fisheries Act, Environment Act, Protected Areas Act etc.) and practices (e.g. SILMMA, CBRM, CTI working group). Again raises the whole question of how different is it from some existing practices. Solomon Islands signatory to the FAO code of conduct for responsible fisheries According to the Permanent Secretary of Ministry of Fisheries, EAFM will be spelled out more clearly in the currently revised Fisheries Act The EAFM policy is not as well advanced in Solomon Islands compared to other implementing countries

15 Time & Community & local stakeholders participation increasing Participatory Diagnosis and Adaptive Management (in the framework of EAFM) 1. Diagnosis A.Review of EAFM in Sol. Is - Consultant B.Inception meeting on 24 th May 2012 Workshop Target species, uses & status Opportunities for mgt Past and ongoing activities which are EAFM in nature Discussion on links, NGO Coordination and synergies Voting of priorities: Thematic and specific

16 Votes Management plans Mangrove habitat awareness & Information Value adding and productivity Mangrove alternatives General thematic groups

17 Votes Specific Issues

18 Time & Community & local stakeholders participation increasing Adaptive Management (in the framework of EAFM) Management constituency Steering Committee selection and meeting to decide on activities

19 Activities subsequent to the inception cum diagnosis meeting: Management constituency Selection of a steering committee 26 th July 2012 EAFM Activities 11 th September 2012

20 Summary of activities to date after inception meeting and steering committee meeting Dynamite awareness December 2012 Mangrove replanting workshop March 2013 Household Socio-economic survey March/April 2013 Policy brief on mangrove May 2013 Construction of Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) and Awareness June 2013 Deployment of FADs and FAD fishing training October 2013 Coral replanting training November 2013 Production of an EAFM newsletter for Langalanga Oct 2013 Shooting for production of a Langalanga Lagoon DVD Oct/Nov Released in Sept 2014

21 Summary of activities to date after inception meeting and steering committee meeting Monitoring of FADs continues from Feb Nov 2014 Processes in establishing a marine managed area is also continuing, major issues are around social issues, marine tenure etc Analysis of Household survey data also continuing from 2013/2014

22 Collaborative Initiatives and Activities with other NGO s Save the Children Mangrove nursery for disaster risk reduction Foundations for the People of the South Pacific International Mangroves replanting/rehabilitation Coral farming

23 increasing Time & Community & local stakeholders participation Participatory Diagnosis and Adaptive Management (in the framework of EAFM) Quite unlikely that the last steps in the framework will be achieved in the life of this project 3. Building an EAFM Plan Desired outcomes Actions needed Indicators to evaluate 4. Testing & Implementation Compatible Livelihood options Sustainable Management systems

24 However.. We hope to have a better understanding of EAFM and where it can or cannot work, particularly in a location where:- There is weak governance Intense pressure and livelihood demands Fragmented land/marine tenure systems The understanding generated from other work on CBRM combined with what we understand about LLL on the EU EAFM project may feed into the national EAFM policy/coral Triangle objectives

25 Teri Makasi