PROBLEM SPACE MODELING A Dynamic Future For Requirements Analysis

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1 PROBLEM SPACE MODELING A Dynamic Future For Requirements Analysis Jeffrey O. Grady President JOG System Engineering, Inc Charae Street San Diego, CA (858) jgrady@ucsd.edu 1I-A-1

2 Agenda A current reality Program preparation Traditional structured analysis UML The future 1I-A-2

3 How Should the Engineer Approach Unprecedented Problem Space? FUNCTIONAL FACET VISION PROBLEM SPACE OBJECT FACET BEHAVIORAL FACET ANALYST 1I-A-3

4 System Entities FAMILY OF SYSTEMS A AIRCRAFT SATELLITE LAND WEAPONS SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEMS A1 A2 A3 A4 SOFTWARE ENTITIES 1I-A-4

5 System Elements A Single Model Will Not Work Software Content Hardware Content 1I-A-5

6 TOOLS TEMPLATE DOMAINS METHODS Prepare the Enterprise MAP METHODS AND DOMAINS TO TEMPLATE, BUILD DID RAS & DATABASE REQUIRE- MENTS SYSTEM & HW SOFTWARE PUBLISH SPECIFI- CATIONS SPECIFI- CATIONS SDD TEMPLATE PREPARE SDD SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT 1I-A-6

7 Prepare the Enterprise Select standards and corresponding templates Select preferred structured analysis models Tailor templates for alignment with models you choose to use to explore problem space Build data item description (DID) for each specification type/model application System specification/tsa Hardware performance specification/tsa Software performance specification/uml Software performance specification/dodaf Hardware ICD/TSA and software IRS/UML and DoDAF Map organization and models to template Apply SDD as a means to capture models products 1I-A-7

8 Generic Template 3.1 States and modes 3.2 Entity capabilities 3.2.m Entity capability m 3.2.m.n Entity capability m, requirements n 3.3 Interface requirements External interfaces m External interface m m.n External interface m, requirement n Internal interfaces m Internal interface m m.n Internal interface m, requirement n 3.4 Specialty engineering requirements 3.4.m Specialty discipline m 3.4.m.n Specialty discipline m, requirement n 3.5 Environmental requirements 3.6 Precedence and criticality considerations 1I-A-8

9 Do the Analysis Work Using Preferred Models TOOLS TEMPLATE RAS & DATABASE DOMAINS METHODS MAP METHODS AND DOMAINS TO TEMPLATE, BUILD DID REQUIRE- MENTS SYSTEM & HW PUBLISH SPECIFI- CATIONS SPECIFI- CATIONS SOFTWARE SDD TEMPLATE PREPARE SDD SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT 1I-A-9

10 Ultimate Process Diagram ENTERPRISE VISION F CUSTOMER NEEED F 25 ACQUIRE NEW BUSINESS F3 SUPPLIER FUNCTIONS MANAGE CUSTOMER ACTIVITIES F6 F5 NEW PROGRAM NEED ENTERPRISE SCOPE LESSONS LEARNED 2 SUPPLIER CONTROL GRAND GRAND GRAND SYSTEMS SYSTEMS SYSTEMS SYNTHESIS VERIFICATION F41 F42 F SUPPLIER MATERIA L MANAGE PROGRAM F49 ASSURE PRODUCT AND PROCESS QUALITY 9 F46 GRAND SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT OVERLAY 2 GRAND SYSTEMS SUSTAINMENT F48 USE SYSTEM F47 GRAND SYSTEMS EMPLOYMENT OVERLAY SYSTEM/PROGRAM LIFE CYCLE OVERLAY F4 DISPOSED SYSTEM 47 MANAGE ENTERPRISE F1 PROGRAM RESOURCES 35 PROVIDE PROGRAM RESOURCES GRAND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT OVERLAY 1I-A-10 F2 GRAND SYSTEMS UNIVERSE : REFER TO PROGRAM SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT FOR EPANSION F

11 The Process AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION TEMPLATES AND SPCIFICATION DATA ITEM DESCRIPTION MANAGE DATABASE ENTERPRISE ENGINEERING AVAILABLE FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS AVAILABLE APPROVED MODELS SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT TEMPLATE AVAILABLE COMPUTER TOOLS AND MAP MODELS & DEPARTMENTS TO TEMPLATES SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT DID SET UP COPY OF DATABASE FOR PROGRAM GENERIC PREPARATION WORK AND ACCOMPLISH PLANNED MODELING WORK AND ENTER INTO RAS PROGRAM WORK ENTER SDD DATA INTO THE RECORD PUBLISH SPECIFICATION PUBLISH SDD RELEASED SPECIFICATIONS RELEASED SDD 1I-A-11

12 Traditional Structured Analysis 3.1 SELECT TEMPLATE PROGRESSIVE FEEDBACK NEED PERFORMANCE MISSION STATES AND MODES DEFINE ENTITY CAPABILITY 3.2 SYNTHESIZE ARCHITECTURE DEVELOP DESIGN CONCEPTS INTERFACE SPECIALTY ENGINEERING IDENTIFY INTERFACE IDENTUFY SPECIALTY ENGINERING DOMAINS DEFINE INTERFACE MEDIA TECHNOLOGY MAP DISCIPLINES TO ARCHITECTURE DEFINE INTERFACES DEFINE SPECIALTY ENGINEERING MAINTAIN SHEET (IN A COMPUTER DATABASE) PUBLISH SPECIFICATIONS Specification SPECIFICATIONS IDENTIFY SYSTEM SPACES SELECT PARAMETERS AND TAILOR RANGE Template/ DID PROCSSES DEFINE END ITEM ZONES DEFINE PROCSSES ENVIRONMENT DEFINE ZONE ENVIRONMENTS MAP ARCHITECTURE TO PROCESSES MAP COMPONENTS TO ZONES NOTE Specification template paragraph numbers in red. NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IDENTIFY HOSTILE THREATS DEFINE HOSTILE ENVIRONMENTAL System Definition Document IDENTIFY NON- COOPERATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES IDENTIFY SELF- INDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES DEFINENON- COOPERATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL DEFINESELF- INDICED ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRATE ENVIRONMENTAL 3.5 JOG SYSTEM ENGINEERING I-A-12

13 Functional Decomposition TOP LEVEL USING DECIMAL- DELIMINATED LEVEL NOTATION FIRST LEVEL SECOND LEVEL I-A-13

14 Integrated RAS and N-Square Diagram For Internal and External Interface ETENDED COOPERATIVE SYSTEMS AIS PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT FOR COOPERATIVE SYSTEM ETENDED FAM ETENDED N-SQUARE DIAGRAM QC1 F F4781 A F4783 A11 F4782 FUNCTION AIS I2y A12 I1x A13 TRADITIONAL RAS INTERNAL N-SQUARE DIAGRAM ARCHITECTURE AIS PERFORMANCE FUNCTION- ARCHITECTURE MATRI (FAM) 1I-A-14

15 Identification of Specialty Engineering Constraints ARCHITECTURE C O N S T R A I N T S H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 HA HB A11 A12 A13 A14 A A A SDD APPENDI E CONSTRAINT H7 H7 H7 ARCH A11 A12 A13 HD 6.1 HD ARCHITECTURE-SPECIALTY ENGINEERING MATRI (DESIGN CONSTRAINTS SCOPING MATRI) H7 A25 SPECIALTY ENGINEERING FLOW INTO THE INDICATED SPECIFICATIONS THROUGH THE RAS 1I-A-15

16 Specialty Engineering Allocation Specialty Discipline Q7 Allocated to Architecture A11 INTERNAL INTERFACE MATRI (RED) ARCHITECTURE- SPECIALTY ENGINEERING MATRI (GREEN) Q7 A11 ARCHITECTURE AIS FUNCTION- ARCHITECTURE MATRI (YELLOW) FUNCTION AIS SPECIALTY ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE AIS 1I-A-16

17 Four System Environmental Classes SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT Q COOPERATIVE ENVIRONMENT QC NON- COOPERATIVE ENVIRONMENT Q HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT QH NATURAL ENVIRONMENT QN SELF-INDUCED ENVIRONMENT QI DEVELOPED AS ETERNAL INTERFACES SEE SDD APPENDI D DEVELOPED AS ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES SEE SDD APPENDI B SYSTEM SPACE QN1 SYSTEM TIME QN2 NATURAL STRESSES QN3 1I-A-17

18 Three Environmental Requirements Layers System Identify spaces within which the system will have to function Select standards covering those spaces For each standard, select parameters that apply Tailor the range of selected parameters End item Build three dimensional model of end items, physical processes, and process environments Extract item environments Component Zone end item into spaces of common environmental characteristics Map components to zones Components inherit zone environmental requirements 1I-A-18

19 RAS-Complete In Table Form MODEL ENTITY REQUIREMENT ENTITY PRODUCT ENTITY DOCUMENT ENTITY MID MODEL ENTITY NAME RID REQUIREMENT PID ITEM NAME PARA TITLE F47 Use System A Product System F471 Deployment Ship Operations A Product System F4711 Store Array Operationally R67 Storage Volume < 10 ISO Vans A1 Sensor Subsystem H Specialty Engineering Disciplines A Product System H11 Reliability EW34 Failure Rate < 10 x 10-6 A1 Sensor Subsystem Reliability H11 Reliability RG31 Failure Rate < 3 x 10-6 A11 Cable Reliability H11 Reliability FYH4 Failure Rate < 5 x 10-6 A12 Sensor Element Reliability H11 Reliability G8R4 Failure Rate < 2 x 10-6 A13 Pressure Vessel Reliability H12 Maintainability 6GHU Mean Time to Repair < 0.2 Hours A1 Sensor Subsystem Maintainability H12 Maintainability U9R4 Mean Time to Repair < 0.4 Hours A11 Cable Maintainability H12 Maintainability J897 Mean Time to Repair < 0.2 Hours A12 Sensor Element Maintainability H12 Maintainability 9D7H Mean Time to Repair < 0.1 Hours A13 Pressure Vessel Maintainability I System Interface A Product System I1 Internal Interface A Product System I11 Sensor Subsystem Innerface A1 I181 Aggregate Signal Feed Source E37H Aggregate Signal Feed Source A1 Sensor Subsystem Impedance Impedance= 52 ohms + 2 ohms I181 Aggregate Signal Feed Load E37I Aggregate Signal Feed Load A4 Analysis and Reporting Impedance Impedance= 52 ohms + 2 ohms Subsystem I2 System External Interface A Product System Q System Environment A Product System QH Hostile Environment A Product System QI Self-Induced Environmental A Product System Stresses QN Natural Environment A Product System QN1 Temperature 6D74-40 degrees F< Temperature A Product System < +140 degrees F Q Non-Cooperative Environmental A Product System Stresses 1I-A-19

20 TOOLS TEMPLATE DOMAINS METHODS Prepare the SDD Capturing the Analytical Work Products MAP METHODS AND DOMAINS TO TEMPLATE, BUILD DID RAS & DATABASE REQUIRE- MENTS SYSTEM & HW PUBLISH SPECIFI- CATIONS SPECIFI- CATIONS SOFTWARE SDD TEMPLATE PREPARE SDD SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT 1I-A-20

21 Structured Analysis Work Product Capture and Configuration Management NEED SYSTEM MISSION AND FUNCTIONAL & ALLOCATION SYSTEM TIME AND SPACE APPENDI A SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT ITEM PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE DEFINITION TIMING DEFINITION SELECTED SPECIFICATION TEMPLATES PROGRAM SPECIFICATION FORMATTING AND PUBLICATION ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE SYNTHESIS INTERFACE SPECIALTY ASSESSMENT PROCESS APPENDI B APPENDI C APPENDI D APPENDI E APPENDI F APPENDI G SPECIFICATION TREE DEVELOPMENT INTERFACE DEFINITION ENVIRONMENTAL DEFINITION SPECIALTY ENGINEERING DEFINITION ITEM CONSTRAINTS RAS MIL-STD-961E SYSTEM MIL-STD-961E ITEM PERF MIL-STD-961E ITEM DETAIL ICD TRADITIONAL STRUCTURED PLANE UNIFIED MODELING LANGUAGE PLANE 1I-A-21

22 TOOLS TEMPLATE DOMAINS METHODS Accomplish the SW Analysis MAP METHODS AND DOMAINS TO TEMPLATE, BUILD DID RAS & DATABASE REQUIRE- MENTS (RAS & DATABASE) SYSTEM & HW SOFTWARE PUBLISH SPECIFI- CATIONS SPECIFI- CATIONS SDD TEMPLATE PREPARE SDD SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT 1I-A-22

23 Need AND OR Build Context Diagram Unified Modeling Language Implementation Approach LP Build Use Cases For Each Terminator LP Build Scenarios For Each Use Case LP LP Structural Classifier Analysis Allocation Translate Scenarios Into Activity Diagrams Assign Swim Lanes To Activity Diagrams Assign/Adjust Classifiers Integrate Activity Diagrams Dynamic Analysis Communication Analysis Requirements Analysis and Specification Publication Design Software Format and Publish Specification Specification Template IOR Sequence Diagram Analysis IOR Packaging Analysis This Level OR Write Code Formally Verify Code State Analysis Class, Object Component, Node, Subsystem Start Spiral N+1 Simulate AND 1I-A-23

24 Structural Classifier Analysis Use Cases Scenarios Activities Context Diagram Final Activity View Activity Integration Swim Lanes Not Illustrated 1I-A-24

25 Swim Lanes for Allocation COMPONENT A31 COMPONENT A32 COMPONENT A33 NY1 NY2 NY3 NY4 NY5 NY6 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR NODE A3 1I-A-25

26 Progressive Identification of Product Entities SYSTEM A SOFTWARE ENTITY A NODE NODE NODE A1 A2 A3 COMPONENT A33 COMPONENT A31 COMPONENT A32 CLASS A311 1I-A-26 OBJECT A3111

27 Dynamic Diagrams to Explore Product Entity Capabilities COMPONENT A31 COMPONENT A32 LZ1 LZ2 COMPONENT A31 COMPONENT A33 LZ3 COMPONENT A32 LZ4 Sequence Diagram State Diagram Communication Diagram 1I-A-27

28 The Entity Capabilities Flow Into the Specification Through the RAS MODELING ENTITY REQUIREMENT ENTITY PRODUCT ENTITY MID TITLE RID TITLE PID TITLE U452 Use Case D4T A5412 Software Component BU7Y Activity Diagram L456 State Diagram R4367 Sequence Diagram C5RT Communication Diag. O44324 Object/Class Diagram C4432 Component Diagram Z443 Deployment Diagram Specification 1I-A-28

29 A Particular Implementation Today ENHANCED FFBD IN CORE MODERN STRUCTURED USING STP RAS IN DOORS VERTICAL TRACEABILIY MANUALLY ACCOMPLISHED ENVIRONMENTAL MANUALLY ACCOMPLISHED N-SQUARE PUBLISH SPECIFICATION UML ACCOMPLISHED WITH RATIONAL PRODUCTS 1I-A-29

30 TOOLS TEMPLATE DOMAINS METHODS MAP METHODS AND DOMAINS TO TEMPLATE, BUILD DID Publish the Results RAS & DATABASE REQUIRE- MENTS SYSTEM & HW SOFTWARE PUBLISH SPECIFI- CATIONS SPECIFI- CATIONS SDD TEMPLATE PREPARE SDD SYSTEM DEFINITION DOCUMENT 1I-A-30

31 Specification Review and Approval Process QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 1I-A-31

32 Toward Process Simplicity FLOW CHARTING MODERN STRUCTURED EARLY OOA SOFTWARE PATH UML USE OF EECUTABLE MODELS UTOPIA! TIME AFs 1950s SYSTEMS AND HARDWARE PATH TRADITIONAL STRUCTURED SYS ML 2010s 1I-A-32

33 Evidence of an Approach Path UML and TSA UNIFIED MODELING LANGUAGE (UML) STATIC REPRESENTATION DYNAMIC REPRESENTATION DEPLOY- MENT DIAGRAM COMPONENT DIAGRAM OBJECT & CLASS DIAGRAMS STATE CHART USE CASE DIAGRAM INTERACTION DIAGRAMS COLLABOR- ATION DIAGRAM SEQUENCE DIAGRAM ACTIVITY DIAGRAM ARCHITECTURE BLOCK DIAGRAM STATE DIAGRAM SCHEMATIC BLOCK DIAGRAM TIMELINE DIAGRAM FUNCTIONAL FLOW DIAGRAM PHYSICAL FACET BEHAVIORAL FACET FUNCTION- AL FACET TRADITIONAL STRUCTURED (TSA) 1I-A-33

34 We Still Have to Push These Together Some More UML VERSION 2.0 SysML VERSION 1.0 1I-A-34

35 Movement to Model-Driven Development NOW RISE IN THE USE OF STRUCTURED MODEL DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT DATABASE DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT DOCUMENT DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT I-A-35 DATES ARE NOTIONAL

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