International Journal of Computer Engineering and Applications, Volume XII, Special Issue, March 18, ISSN

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1 International Journal of Computer Engineering and Applications, Volume XII, Special Issue, March 18, ISSN SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT USING RFID TECHNOLOGY Pradnya Kulkarni 1, Digambar Gadekar 2, Akash Chawdhari 3, Gaurav Gadewar 4,Sumit Dengale 5 1 Department of Information Technology MIT College of Engineering, Pune, India ABSTRACT Traffic control is a big problem in the metropolitan area. One of the major challenges in traffic control is to give way to emergency vehicles such as the ambulance or police vehicles. Various approaches are used for smart traffic control include image processing, sensor-based systems, thermal imaging, IOT Base system, etc. In this paper, we propose a smart traffic control system using RFID (radio frequency identification) technology. The basic focus of this proposed system is to control traffic signals on detection of the emergency vehicle. After the acknowledgment done by the proposed system, the particular signal is made Green for some time and after the Emergency Vehicle passes by, it regains its original flow. Thus proposed system warrants the minimal amount of time required for the emergency vehicle to reach its destination increasing the chances of survival of the patient. Thus it acts as a lifesaver project. The idea could be easily extended to include detection of a stolen vehicle. Keywords: RFID, Traffic Control, Metropolitan area, IOT, Emergency Vehicle, Signal. [1] INTRODUCTION Traffic control is a big problem in the metropolitan area. One of the major challenges in traffic control is to give way to emergency vehicles such as the ambulance or police vehicles. Various approaches are used for smart traffic control include image This paper introduces a new kind of traffic management system build using RFID technology, which manages traffic signals based on automatic vehicle detection. An emergency vehicle is a vehicle that is designated and authorized to respond to an emergency in a life-threatening situation. These vehicles are usually Pradnya Kulkarni, Digambar Gadekar,Akash Chawdhari,Gaurav Gadewar,Sumit Dengale. 1

2 SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT USING RFID TECHNOLOGY functioned by nominated agencies, often part of the administration, but also run by charities, non-governmental institute, and some commercial companies. There is a need to provide a smooth flow of these vehicles to reach the destination in time and thereby minimize the delay caused by traffic congestion. The proposed traffic control system will use Microcontroller based RFID (Radio Frequency Identifiers) technology to detect emergency vehicle and control the traffic lights accordingly. This will result in considerable improvement in the time required for an emergency vehicle to reach the destination resulting in saving a life in the critical situation such as an accident or heart attacks. Radio Frequency Identification is a tiny electronic gadget that comprises a small chip and an antenna. The small chip is embedded in an emergency vehicle. The RFID reader located at the traffic signal reads this information from the RFID locator installed at the ambulance. To avoid unnecessary traffic signal changes, we cross-refer the ambulances current location and patient's condition using mobile app registered by the ambulance driver. The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 jots the related work in the area, Section 3 describes the system architecture, Section 4 DFD diagram, Section 5 limitations and future scope, Section 6 Conclusion and Section 7 References. [2] RELATED WORK Automatic traffic control system in big cities is a necessity these days. Various approaches have been tried by researchers around the world to address this particular problem. Each approach has its own pros and cons. An Image processing approach with Ripple algorithm is been explained [1]. In this approach, to detect an Ambulance a visible CMOS image sensor is used. The captured video is processed by DIP (Digital Image Processing) using Mat lab software based on a ripple algorithm. Number of Frames abstracted from input video is processed by Ripple algorithm [12]. Then this frame is compressed one by one. Gray scale image is converted into binary image and after this process thresholding is done. Template Matching is done for image matching with the similarity matrix. The template and corresponding image are identified and maximum correlation is obtained [11]. Hence from the given template the Ambulance can be detected and output is sent through UART to ARM processor where controlling of traffic light is done. If it detects the ambulance the signal goes green and if it is not detected the light goes red, in normal case the signal work in regular routine [10]. However, this approach is time consuming, expensive has low performance. Another approach for automatic traffic control includes thermal imaging [2]. A concurrent Technology in Thermal imaging is used in many applications like power line maintenance, surveillance and intelligent transportation systems. This technique focuses on controlling traffic and surveillance using thermal imaging cameras. By the combination of two powerful technologies- thermal imaging and image processing, a very accurate measure of traffic density can be achieved; effortlessly it can be used in any environmental factors like low visibility due to fog or darkness, or other stray objects like animals or humans [8]. The simulations of the gray scale thermal images captured are performed in Mat lab, using which we get the exact count of vehicles on the road. The limitations of thermal imaging are Detecting Defects, Real Time, Inaccurate Measurements and Price. Signal processing approach using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) has also been used in the past for smart traffic control using sound signals [3].By using two times FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) on detecting; the siren sound could be converted into numerical values. Even under the Doppler Effect the siren sound can be detected. The proposed method could detect the siren sound in which S/N ratio is approximately 0 db [4]. A different approach for controlling the traffic is done by using RFID technology [5].Traffic monitoring which is violated by human interruption over a wider area which is too complicated Pradnya Kulkarni, Digambar Gadekar,Akash Chawdhari,Gaurav Gadewar,Sumit Dengale. 2

3 International Journal of Computer Engineering and Applications, Volume XII, Special Issue, March 18, ISSN because of the day by day rising population. The main motive behind this idea is to reduce these careless accidents for which a system that governs and controls the speed of the vehicle without any direct inconvenience to the driver [8]. Some time there are instances where the speed of the automobile is beyond the expected speed limit or the driver does not obey the traffic signals [11]. The vehicle has its RFID reader which senses the RFID tag linked with a red traffic light or senses the vehicle speed limit on the tag attached to the speed limit signboard. If the speed is beyond certain limit the control unit tag information is compared with the real time speed of the automobile [12]. [3] SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE: Fig 3.1: System Architecture Fig 3.1 shows the architecture of our proposed smart traffic control system. The main blocks of architecture are described below. RFID READER: A radio frequency identification reader (RFID reader) is a device used to collect data from an RFID tag, which is used to track different objects. Radio waves are used to transmission of data from the tag to a reader. Device Driver: A device driver is a specific form of software application that is designed to enable communication with hardware devices. Without the required device driver, the corresponding hardware device is unsuccessful to work. Micro Controller: A microcontroller is a computer present in a single integrated circuit which is dedicated to achieve one task and execute one explicit application. Server: A server is a computer, a device or a program that is dedicated to handling network resources. Servers are often mentioned as dedicated because they carry out hardly any other tasks apart from their server tasks. Database: A database (DB), in the most common sense, is an organized collection of data. More explicitly, a database is an electronic system that allows data to be easily retrieved, handled and updated. Pradnya Kulkarni, Digambar Gadekar,Akash Chawdhari,Gaurav Gadewar,Sumit Dengale. 3

4 SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT USING RFID TECHNOLOGY 3.1 PLATFORM/TECHNOLOGY: Net Beans 7.1: Net Beans is an open-source integrated development environment (IDE) for developing with Java, PHP, C++, and other programming languages. Net Beans is also referred to as a platform of modular components used for developing Java desktop applications. SQL: Structured Query Language (SQL) is a standard computer language for relational database organization and data operation. SQL is used to query, insert, update and modify data. Java: Java is a programming language that is used to create software for multiple platforms. When a programmer writes a Java application, the compiled code (known as byte code) runs on most operating systems (OS), including Windows, Linux and Mac OS. Glassfish: Glassfish is a Java application server development created by Sun Microsystems that permits many developers to create enterprise technologies that are suitable and scalable, as well as additional services that can be installed based on preference. 3.2 Working Model The working of this system consist of two modules. Ambulance Clearance: In this model we have used RFID reader, RFID tag, Microcontroller, Bluetooth Controller system for automatically controlling the traffic signal when the emergency vehicle is detected. Initially the traffic signal works normally. When an emergency vehicle crosses the path, the RFID tag is positioned inside Vehicle. The RFID reader detects the vehicle s ID and transmits the information through wireless communication using Bluetooth controller. On receiving the information at the receiver system, the Microcontroller controls the traffic light. This way the traffic light turns green in order to give way to the ambulance. After the ambulance passes the traffic junction, the signal will operate normally. Thus the time required for the ambulance to reach its destination is drastically reduced improving the survival chances of patients. Stolen Vehicle Detection: In this part for detecting the stolen vehicle we have used RFID reader, RFID tag, Bluetooth. When the stolen vehicle passes a traffic signal, the information captured through the RFID tag on the vehicle can be used for intimating the Police/ Control authority. Thus the stolen vehicle can be easily tracked and identified for further investigation. [4] DFD DIAGRAM 4.1 DFD level 0 Fig 4.1 DFD level 0 Pradnya Kulkarni, Digambar Gadekar,Akash Chawdhari,Gaurav Gadewar,Sumit Dengale. 4

5 International Journal of Computer Engineering and Applications, Volume XII, Special Issue, March 18, ISSN DFD level 1 Fig 3.2 DFD level 1 [5] LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE In order for the proposed system to work, each vehicle needs an RFID Tag installed on it. If at all more than one emergency vehicle approaches the intersection from different direction it will cause confusion. Thus the proposed system can be further improved by setting priority to the ambulances. For example, in 4 roads or 3 roads junction if more than one ambulance arrives at the junction from different sides then first priority can be given to the ambulance which is present in the road with less congestion and so on. Otherwise the ambulance which is reaching the junction first can be given first priority. The major limitation for proposed system is that it may become necessary to prevent unauthorized persons from reading or writing data stored on or transmitted from tags. To this end, encryption must be ensured at all interfaces where data could be intercepted or transmitted. The proposed system can be extended for stolen vehicle detection by addition of Global Positioning System. [6]CONCLUSION By using Smart traffic light system using RFID technology we can achieve the uninterrupted service of the traffic control system by implementing the alternate methods for signal change to allow flow control. The accuracy of the RFID is more than Camera s so our proposed paper also improves the performance of traffic light Violation Detection System. This system is cost effective, multiple usage and deployed using trending IOT, which is more efficient This system will reduce accidents which often happen at the traffic signal intersections because other vehicles have to huddle to give way to the Emergency services. This life saver project must be implemented in the traffic forums to aid the public in good manner. Pradnya Kulkarni, Digambar Gadekar,Akash Chawdhari,Gaurav Gadewar,Sumit Dengale. 5

6 SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT USING RFID TECHNOLOGY REFERENCES [1]. F.Andronicus, Maheswaran P. G. Scholar, Intelligent Ambulance Detection System.In International Journal of Science, Engineering and Reseach,pp ,2015. [2]. Akash Kannegulla, A. Salivahana Reddy, K V R Sai Sudhir, Sakshi Singh Thermal Imaging system for Precise Traffic Control and Surveillance. In International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, pp ,2013. [3]. Dr. A. Balamurugan, G. Navin Siva Kumar, S. Raj Thilak, P. Selvakumar,"Automated Emergency System in Ambulance to Control Traffic Signals using IoT ".In International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science, pp ,2015 [4]. Pratyush Parida, Sudeep Kumar Dhurua, P. Santhi Priya,"An Intelligent Ambulance with Some Advance features of Telecommunication.In International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering,pp.90-93,2014. [5]. Mr.S.Iyyappan,Mr.V.Nandagopal,"Automatic accident detection and ambulance rescue with intelligent traffic light system".in International Journal Of Advance Research in Electrical Engineering,2013. [6]. Sensor node and RFID information via Traffic light control and coordination. Sensor_node [7]. T.Sridevi,Kuruva Harinath, P.Swapna, Automatic Generation Of Traffic Signal Based On Traffic Volume.In the IEEE 7 th International Advance Computing Conference,2017. [8]. Chunyu Yang, Yong Cao, Zaiqing Nie, Jie Zhou, Ji-Rong Wen, Design Of Intelligent Traffic Light Controller Using Embedded System.In IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, [9]. Ateeth Kumar Thirukkovulur, Harikrishna Nandagopal, Vigneesh Parivallal, Sri Sairam, RFID Technology for Smart Vehicle Control using Traffic Signal and Speed Limit Tag Communication.In International Journal Of Computer Applications,2012. [10]. Niketa Chellani, Chirag Tahilyani, Traffic Congestion Detection and Control Using RFID Technology.In International Journal Of Engineering Research and Technology, [11]. Victor O. Matthews, Adebayo O. Ajala, Segun I. Popoola, and Aderemi A. Atayero, Smart Vehicular Traffic Management System using RFID Technology.In World Conference Engineering,2017. [12]. Paul Jasmine Rani. L, Khoushik Kumar. M, Naresh. K. S, Vignesh. S Dynamic Traffic Management System Using Infrared (IR) And Internet Of Things (IoT).In International Journal of Information and Computer Technology,2017. Pradnya Kulkarni, Digambar Gadekar,Akash Chawdhari,Gaurav Gadewar,Sumit Dengale. 6