PROPERTIES OF BAL SEAL PTFE SEAL MATERIALS

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1 PROPERTIES OF BAL SEAL PTFE SEAL MATERIALS Technical Report TR-8A ( ) Rev. P pauling Foothill Ranch, CA Tel (949) Fax (949) sales@balseal.com Spinozastraat HD Amsterdam The Netherlands Tel Fax sales@balseal.nl

2 Page 2 of 12 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES DEFINITIONS PROPERTIES OF BAL SEAL MATERIALS -- OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, TENSILE STRENGTH, ELONGATION... 4 CHART PROPERTIES OF BAL SEAL MATERIALS -- COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION... 6 CHART PROPERTIESOF BAL SEAL MATERIALS COEFFICIENT OF LINEAR EXPANSION, EXTRUSION/CREEP FACTOR, HARDNESS, CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY, AND WATER ABSORPTION... 7 CHART PROPERTIES OF PTFE BAL SEAL MATERIALS - PV LIMIT IN AIR, WATER, AND OIL... 8 CHART PROPERTIES OF BAL SEAL MATERIALS WEAR FACTORS "K" FOR PTFE BAL SEAL MATERIALS IN AIR, WATER AND OIL CHART WEAR FACTOR K FOR VARIOUS PTFE BAL SEAL MATERIALS IN AIR, WATER AND OIL CHART 6 - WEAR RATE AT 50,000 P.V. SPEED (75 FPM) PRESSURE (667 PSI) CHART 7 - WEAR RATE AT 100,000 P.V. SPEED (100 FPM) PRESSURE (1,000 PSI) CHART 8 - WEAR RATE AT 100,000 P.V. SPEED (1,000 FPM) PRESSURE (100 PSI) It is essential that the customer run evaluation testing under actual service conditions with a sufficient safety factor to determine if the proposed, supplied, or purchased, Bal Seal Engineering products are suitable for the intended purpose and to confirm expected results. Bal Seal Engineering makes no warranty, express or implied, regarding Bal Seal Engineering products or of the information contained herein, including but not limited to, warranties of merchantability, performance, and fitness for a particular use or purpose. Bal Seal Engineering shall not be liable for any loss or damage of any kind or nature that may result from the use of, reference to, or reliance on, the information contained herein, including, but not limited to, consequential, special (including loss of profits) direct, indirect, incidental, or similar damages, even if Bal Seal Engineering has been advised of the possibility of such damages. (LE Rev.Ø)

3 Page 3 of PHYSICAL PROPERTIES DEFINITIONS Chemical Compatibility The capacity of the material to contact substances without incurring significant chemical change or significant physical deformation. Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion. The linear rate of dimensional change due to a change in temperature. The thermal expansion values shown for PTFE and TA have been referenced from our sources of supply of the virgin material. Note: The values indicated for PTFE based materials will increase with temperature. Creep Factor A value used to compare the time-dependent cold flow of the material under a constant stress and temperature with that of virgin PTFE. Dynamic Coefficient of Friction The ratio of the force required to maintain the material in motion against its mating counter surface to the total force with which the two surfaces press together. The dynamic coefficient of friction of PTFE and PTFE compositions at very low velocities and high loads is approximately As the velocity increases to 55 ft/min (16.7 m/min) and lighter loads, the coefficient of friction increases to the values shown on page 6. Elongation at Break The maximum percent elongation that a material sample sustains under load just before it ruptures during a tensile test. FDA Compatible - FDA compatible is defined by Bal Seal as: compositions where the majority (95% or more) of the ingredients have received an FDA safe for use in food contact and contain no ingredient listed in the California Code of Regulations Hazardous Substance List FDA Compliant - Bal Seal defines FDA compliant as: materials that have been found by the FDA to be safe for use in food contact or acceptable for use in food contact. Hardness (of a material) Indicated by the depth of penetration of an indenter by a specified force. The Shore D scale is generally used for PTFE and PTFE compositions. Operating Temperature Range The suggested minimum and maximum limits at which using the material would operate effectively. PV The product of unit contact pressure and surface speed (lb/in2 x ft/min or kg/cm2 x m/min). PV Limit The maximum tested value obtainable, which is the product of the stress acting on the material test specimen times the surface velocity of the test specimen independent of wear. The PV limit or limiting PV is reached when an additional increase in the force acting on the specimen under dynamic conditions causes the material to creep continuously. See BAL Seal specification MT-18 and RMS-32. (34-19) Tensile Strength at Break The maximum stress level that the material being stretched can withstand without tearing. Water Absorption The increase of the material s weight due to water absorption over a specified time. Wear Factor K A value used to compare the amount of wear that occurs under specific conditions. Wear factor K is a value used to compare the amount of wear that occurs on a plastic surface. A low wear factor indicates low material loss. Factors such as speed, force per unit area (stress), media, finish, temperature and time will generally affect material wear.

4 Page 4 of PROPERTIES OF BAL SEAL MATERIALS -- OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, TENSILE STRENGTH, ELONGATION CHART 1 BAL SEAL MATERIAL T VIRGIN PTFE General purpose material where low friction and chemical compatibility are important. Usually limited to light duty service and can be used in vacuum and inert gases. Material is subject to cold flow and exhibits high wear in water/aqueous media. It is compatible with most fluids and gases except molten sodium, etc. Excellent at low temperatures. FDA compliant Color: white. OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE TENSILE STRENGTH AT BREAK a 70 F (21 C) ELONGATION AT BREAK a. (molded direction) 70 F (21 C) F ( C) lb/in 2 (kg/cm 2 ) Percent -450 TO 450 (-268 TO 232) 4000 (281) 327 TA PTFE - Low Permeability Superior mechanical properties with good surface finishes, good sealing ability in gases and vacuum. Suitable for semiconductor applications. FDA compliant Color: White G GRAPHITE PTFE General purpose application where more extrusion/creep-resistance and less wear than virgin PTFE are desired. G material is compatible with most fluids and gases except strong oxidizers and certain concentrated acids. Not for general use in vacuum or dry gases. Not FDA compliant. Color: black GC GRAPHITE-CARBON PTFE General purpose application where extrusion/creep resistance is important. Resists deformation at high temperatures. Not for general use in vacuum or inert gases. Not FDA compliant. Color: black -450 TO 450 (-268 TO 232) 4,500 (316) In test -450 TO 450 (-268 TO 232) 3200 (225) TO 475 (-268 TO 246) 2500 (170) 345 GFP GRAPHITE FIBER-REINFORCED PTFE Moderate to extreme service conditions of high pressure, high temperature at moderate speed. Good for applications in liquids and humid condiitons. Not for general use in vacuum or inert gases. Dynamic surfaces in contact with seal should be Rc 40 or higher. Not FDA compliant. Color: Black -320 TO +550 (-196 TO +228) 2000 (141) 216 GFP HT 1 GRAPHITE FIBER-REINFORCED PTFE Similar to GFP. Provides stability at higher temperature. Not FDA compliant. Color: Black (141) -320 TO +550 (-196 TO +228) 2000 (141) 216 GFPM MOLYDISULFIDE-REINFORCED PTFE Severe dry and liquid service.excellent wear and extrusion resistance in liquids, inert gases, and vacuum. Suitable for high pressure and low speed rotary applications.dynamic surfaces in contact with seal should be Rc 40 or higher TO +550 (-196 TO +260) 2000 ( GL-20 GLASS FIBER PTFE Dry/vacuum service. Excellent wear and extrusion resistance and low outgassing, but highly abrasive. Metal surfaces in contact with seal should be Rc-50 c or higher. Not FDA compliant. Color: white -450 TO 400 (-270 TO 200) 4050 (285) 378 GLMO-4 MOLYDISULFIDE PTFE Good wear resistance in vacuum and inert gases. Moderate wear resistance with low friction. Not FDA compliant. Color: black -320 TO 500 (-196 TO 260) 2200 (155) 313 SP-45 POLYMER-FILLED PTFE Low abrasion to mating parts. General purpose material for use in contact with shaft/housing made from 300 series stainless steel, aluminum and other soft metallic or plastic materials. Suitable for sealing most liquid media including moisture, air at high speed-low pressure with very high PV values. FDA compatible. Color: green -320 TO 475 (-196 TO 246) 2100 (148) 366 a Per ASTM D638 b HT = High Temperature. The material is stress relieved to reduce stresses when used at elevated operating temperatures c Rc = Rockwell Hardness, C scale

5 Page 5 of 12 CHART 1 Cont d BAL SEAL MATERIAL OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE TENSILE STRENGTH AT BREAK a 70 F (21 C) ELONGATION AT BREAK a (molded direction) 70 F (21 C) F ( C) lb/in 2 (kg/cm 2 ) Percent SP-50 POLYMER-FILLED PTFE Low abrasion to mating parts. General purpose material for use in vacuum, air, and inert gases in contact with soft materials like 300 series stainless steel, aluminum, and other soft metallic and plastic materials. Ideally suited for high speed-low pressure at very high PV value. FDA compatible. Color: grayish brown TO 475 (-196 TO 246) 2100 (148) 268 FC-10 REINFORCED PTFE Made from materials accepted by FDA. Used in dry applications. Exhibits high wear in water and aqueous solutions. FDA compatible. Color: white -70 TO 450 (-57 TO 232) 2100 (148) 562 UPC-10 UHMW POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION (HT b ) Aqueous service. Commercial grade for general purpose applications. Good wear resistance in water and aqueous solutions. High extrusion resistance but high friction. Limited to temperatures to 180 F (82 C). Suitable for low-speed rotary service. FDA compliant. Color: white, translucent TO 180 (-268 TO 82) 7500 ( 510) 446 UPC-16 UHMW POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION (HT) Aqueous service. A medical grade material manufactured in a clean room environment for purity. Superior wear resistance in water, aqueous solutions, and analytical applications. High extrusion resistance but high friction. Limited to temperatures to 180 F (82 C). Suitable for low-speed rotary service. FDA compliant. Color: white, translucent TO 180 (-268 TO 82) 8100 ( 569) 567 UP-30 UHMW POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION (HT) Aqueous service. Good wear resistance in water and aqueous solutions. High extrusion resistance but high friction. Limited to temperatures to 180 F (82 C). Suitable for low-speed rotary service. FDA compatible. Color: gold TO 180 (-268 TO 82) 5000 ( 352) 378 UP-40 UHMW POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION (HT) Aqueous service. Excellent wear resistance in water and aqueous solutions. High extrusion resistance with high friction. Limited to temperatures to 180 F (82 C). Suitable primarily for very high pressures-low speeds, reciprocating, especially in HPLC applications. FDA compatible. Color: gold -450 TO 180 (-268 TO 82) 5400 ( 380) 364 P-41 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER (HT) Suitable for sealing at elevated temperatures - viscous, abrasive materials where scraping action is required. Very low surface speed. FDA compliant. Color: beige. -70 TO 600 (-57 TO 316) 14,500 (1.000) 113 P-43 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER (HT) Superior tensile strength and chemical compatibility. Suitable for sealing viscous and abrasive material in scraping-action applications at high temperature. FDA compliant. Color: Beige -70 TO 600 (-57 TO 316) 13,000 (914) In test P-66 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER CARBON FIBER-REINFORCED Designed for applications that require tolerance for high temperature, high pressure, and chemical compatibility. Ability to flex at low and high pressures, and elevated temperatures. Not FDA compliant. Color: Black -70 TO 600 (-57 TO 316) 15,000 (1054) 28 P-69 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER WITH CARBON FIBER AND PTFE Used for bearing seals and backup ring applications. Tolerance for high temperatures and pressure; excellent chemical compatibility. Not FDA compliant. Color: Black -70 TO 600 (-57 TO 316) 19,000 (1336) In test a Per ASTM D638 b HT = High Temperature. The material is stress relieved to reduce stresses when used at elevated operating temperatures

6 Page 6 of PROPERTIES OF BAL SEAL MATERIALS -- COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION CHART 2 COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION AT 55 FPM (17 M/MIN) 55 PSI (3.9 KG/CM2) THRUST WASHER TEST METHOD BAL SEAL MATERIAL IN AIR 70 F (21 C) IN WATER 70 F (21 C) DIMENSIONLESS DIMENSIONLESS T VIRGIN PTFE TA PTFE Low Permeability G GRAPHITE-FILLED PTFE GC GRAPHITE-CARBON PTFE GFP GRAPHITE FIBER-REINFORCED PTFE GFP HT GRAPHITE FIBER-REINFORCED PTFE GFPM MOLYDISULFIDE-REINFORCED PTFE GL-20 GLASS FIBER FILLED PTFE GLMO-4 MOLYDISULFIDE PTFE SP-45 POLYMER-FILLED PTFE SP-50 POLYMER-FILLED PTFE 0.22 FC-10 REINFORCED PTFE 0.24 Not Recommended Not Recommended UPC-10 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION UPC-16 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION UP-30 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION UP-40 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION P-40 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER P-41 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER P-43 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER P-66 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER CARBON FIBER-REINFORCED P-69 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER WITH CARBON FIBER AND PTFE

7 Page 7 of PROPERTIESOF BAL SEAL MATERIALS COEFFICIENT OF LINEAR EXPANSION, EXTRUSION/CREEP FACTOR, HARDNESS, CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY, AND WATER ABSORPTION CHART 3 COEFFICIENT OF EXTRUSION / CREEP CHEMICAL WATER LINEAR THERMAL COEFFICIENT HARDNESS 70 F 310 F COMPATIBILITY ABSORPTION EXPANSION OF LINEAR (20 C) (154 C) -22 o F TO 86 o F mm/mm C COMPARISON COMPARISON SHORE D SUBJECTIVE PERCENT VALUE VALUE T VIRGIN PTFE 8.3 x x D57 EXCELLENT TA PTFE Low Permeability 8.3 x x D57 EXCELLENT G GRAPHITE-FILLED PTFE 8.3 x x D55 VERY GOOD GC GRAPHITE-CARBON PTFE 8.3 x x D62 GOOD GFP GRAPHITE FIBER REINFORCED PTFE 7.7 x x D66 EXCELLENT GFP-HT GRAPHITE FIBER REINFORCED PTFE 7.7 x x D66 EXCELLENT GFPM MOLYDISULFIDE REINFORCED PTFE 7.7 x x D66 EXCELLENT GL-20 GLASS FIBER FILLED PTFE 8.3 x X D61 EXCELLENT GLMO-4 MOLYDISULFIDE PTFE 7.7 x x NA GOOD SP-45 POLYMER-FILLED PTFE 8.3 x x D55 GOOD SP-50 POLYMER-FILLED PTFE 8.3 x x D55 GOOD FC-10 REINFORCED PTFE 8.3 x Not Not 15 x 10 Available Available D62 GOOD UPC-10 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION 7.2 x x 10-5 Not Suitable for These 0.38 Conditions D61 VERY GOOD UPC-16 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION 7.2 x x 10-5 Not Suitable for 0.38 These Conditions D61 VERY GOOD UP-30 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION 7.2 x x 10-5 Not Suitable for 0.38 These Conditions D64 GOOD UP-40 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION 7.2 x x 10-5 Not Suitable for 0.3 These Conditions D64 GOOD P-41 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER 8.0 x x D83 GOOD 0.5 P-43 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER 8.0 x x D83 GOOD 0.5 P-66 CARBON FILBER REINFORCED POLYMER 6.7 x x D89 GOOD 0.7 P-69 CARBON FIBER REINFORCED AND PTFE POLYMER 6.7 x x D89 GOOD 0.7

8 Page 8 of PROPERTIES OF PTFE BAL SEAL MATERIALS - PV LIMIT IN AIR, WATER, AND OIL CHART 4 T VIRGIN PTFE TA PTFE Low Permeability APPLICATION G GRAPHITE-FILLED PTFE GC GRAPHITE-CARBON PTFE GL-20 GLASS FIBER FILLED PTFE GLMO-4 MOLYDISULFIDE PTFE SP-45 POLYMER-FILLED PTFE SP-50 POLYMER-FILLED PTFE FC-10 REINFORCED PTFE UPC-10 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION UPC-16 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION UP-30 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION UP-40 POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION P-41 HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMER 170 FPM (52 M/MIN) LB/IN² FPM (kg/cm² m/min) 9,000 (193) 9,000 (193) 18,000 (386) 18,000 (386) 23,000 (494) 16,000 (343) 26,000 (558) 35,000 (751) 23,000 (494) 3,000 (65) 3,000 (65) 3,000 (65) 3,500 (75) 10,000 (215) IN AIR* 900 FPM (274 M/MIN) LB/IN² FPM (kg/cm² m/min) 1,000 (22) 1,000 (22) 11,000 (236) 10,000 (215) 18,000 (386) 10,000 (215) 40,000 (858) 50,000 (1,073) 13,000 (279) NA PV LIMIT** (8)* BAL SEAL SPEC. MT-18 (33-111) (INITIAL F (21 C) 170 FPM (52 M/MIN) LB/IN² FPM (kg/cm² m/min) 30,000 (644) 30,000 (644) 60,000 (1,288) 70,000 (1,502) 100,000 (2,146) 50,000 (1,073) 110,000 (2,361) 10,000 (215) 80,000 (1,717) 80,000 (1,717) 100,000 (2,146) 110,000 (2,361) IN WATER* 900 FPM (274 M/MIN) LB/IN² FPM (kg/cm² m/min) 75,000 (1,609) 75,000 (1,609) 100,000 (2,146) 170,000 (3,648) 160,000 (3,433) 130,000 (2,790) 220,000 (4,721) 21,000 (451) 100,000 (2,146) 100,000 (2,146) 120,000 (2,575) 130,000 (2,790) IN HYDRAULIC OIL* 170 FPM 900 FPM (52 M/MIN) (274 M/MIN) LB/IN² FPM LB/IN² FPM (kg/cm² m/min) (kg/cm² m/min) 52, ,000 (1,116) (2,790) 52, ,000 (1,116) (2,790) 100, ,000 (2,146) (2,319) 120, ,000 (2,575) (6,223) 170, ,000 (3,648) (6,009) 120, ,000 (2,575) (5,794) 190, ,000 (4,077) (8,262) 190, ,000 (4,077) (8,262) 25,000 36,000 (536) (773) 140, ,000 (3,004) (3,648) 140, ,000 (3,004) (3,648) 160, ,000 (3,433) (3,863) 160, ,000 (3,433) (3,863) NA NA NA NA *SEE DEFINITIONS ON PAGE 3 OF THIS REPORT. **MD: MOLDED DIRECTION. SPECIMEN TAKEN FROM THE MOLDED PART ALONG THE AXIS OF MOLDING.

9 Page 9 of PROPERTIES OF BAL SEAL MATERIALS WEAR FACTORS "K" FOR PTFE BAL SEAL MATERIALS IN AIR, WATER AND OIL. CHART 5 MATERIAL AIR WATER OIL WEAR RATE AT 50,000 P.V. WEAR RATE AT 100,000 P.V. WEAR RATE AT 100,000 P.V. T SPEED (75 FPM) - PRESSURE (667 PSI) SPEED (100 FPM) - PRESSURE (1000 PSI) SPEED (1000 FPM) - PRESSURE (100 PSI) SPEED (100 FPM) - PRESSURE (1000 PSI) SPEED (1000 FPM) - PRESSURE (100 PSI) "K" In³-min./ft-lb-hr x "K" In³-min./ft-lb-hr x "K" In³-min./ft-lb-hr x "K" In³-min./ft-lb-hr x "K" In³-min./ft-lb-hr x ("K" Cm³-min./Kg-m-hr x 10-7 ) ("K" Cm³-min./Kg-m-hr x 10-7 ) ("K" Cm³-min./Kg-m-hr x 10-7 ) ("K" Cm³-min./Kg-m-hr x 10-7 ) ("K" Cm³-min./Kg-m-hr x 10-7 ) 2500 x x x (296 x 10-7 ) (119 x 10-7 ) (47 x 10-7 ) TA TESTING IN PROCESS TESTING IN PROCESS TESTING IN PROCESS G GC GFP GFP HT GFPM 550 x x x x x (65 x 10-7 ) (1.2 x 10-7 ) (17.8 x 10-7 ) (0.2 x 10-7 ) (1.8 x 10-7 ) 600 x x x x x (71 x 10-7 ) (1.4 x 10-7 ) (20.8 x 10-7 ) (3.0 x 10-7 ) (1.2 x 10-7 ) 66 x x x x x (7.83 x 10-7 ) (0.06 x 10-7 ) (0.83 x 10-7 ) (0.01 x 10-7 ) (0.06 x 10-7 ) 66 x x x x x (7.83 x 10-7 ) (0.06 x 10-7 ) (0.83 x 10-7 ) (0.01 x 10-7 ) (0.06 x 10-7 ) 90 x x x x x (10.67 x 10-7 ) (0.12 x 10-7 ) (1.66 x 10-7 ) (0.06 x 10-7 ) (0.12 x 10-7 ) GL-20 TESTING IN PROCESS TESTING IN PROCESS TESTING IN PROCESS TESTING IN PROCESS TESTING IN PROCESS GLMO-4 SP x x x x x (68.78 x 10-7 ) (1.30 x 10-7 ) (18.97 x 10-7 ) (0.30 x 10-7 ) (1.90 x 10-7 ) 2.5 x x x x x (0.30 x 10-7 ) (0.57 x 10-7 ) (1.10 x 10-7 ) (0.03 x 10-7 ) (0.04 x 10-7 ) SP x x x x x (0.07 x 10-7 ) (58.34 x 10-7 ) ( x 10-7 ) (0.02 x 10-7 ) (0.05 x 10-7 ) NOTE: Wear factors for UHMW, Polyethylene and PEEK Bal Seal materials are not available.

10 Rev P/ Page 10 of WEAR FACTOR K FOR VARIOUS PTFE BAL SEAL MATERIALS IN AIR, WATER AND OIL The wear factor K of the material is an important consideration in material selection. Various wear factors are shown to aid in seal material selection. The wear is affected substantially by the media in which it is used. See page 4 for description of seal materials. 7.1 CHART 6 - WEAR RATE AT 50,000 P.V. SPEED (75 FPM) PRESSURE (667 PSI) Wear Factor K In 3 min./ft.lb.hr x GFP SP-50 SP-45 GFPM G GC T AIR

11 Rev P/ Page 11 of CHART 7 - WEAR RATE AT 100,000 P.V. SPEED (100 FPM) PRESSURE (1,000 PSI) Wear Factor K In 3 min./ft.lb.hr x GFP SP-50 SP-45 GFPM G GC T GFP SP-50 SP-45 GFPM G GC T OIL WATER

12 Rev P/ Page 12 of CHART 8 - WEAR RATE AT 100,000 P.V. SPEED (1,000 FPM) PRESSURE (100 PSI) 1500 (T is not shown as it is not suitable for the speed indicated.) Wear Factor K In 3 min./ft.lb.hr x GFP SP-50 SP-45 GFPM G GC GFP SP-50 SP-45 GFPM G GC OIL WATER

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