EMERGENCY & DISASTER MANAGEMENT ISSUES, CHALLENGES & SOLUTIONS. Banjo Adeogba Manager - Emergency Response Shell Companies In Nigeria

Transcription

1 EMERGENCY & DISASTER MANAGEMENT ISSUES, CHALLENGES & SOLUTIONS Banjo Adeogba Manager - Emergency Response Shell Companies In Nigeria

2 A Health, Safety and Environmental professional with 31 years Oil and Gas industry experience. BANJO ADEOGBA Banjo started his career in 1985 when he joined NNPC Petrochemical projects as pollution control officer. He was part of the commissioning team of Nigeria first Polypropylene and Carbon black plant and took charge of the pollution control systems for both plants after commissioning. He played lead roles in the environment, safety and fire department of Warri Refinery and Petrochemical plant until he joined Shell in He took up several roles since joining Shell from industrial hygiene to Environmental training, HSE data management and performance reporting, Project Manager ENDAMS, Planning and Performance Measurement adviser and as QHSE Lead for Bonga North West project before moving on to be Safety, Environment and Assurance Manager for SNEPCO. He became Manager Emergency Response for Shell Companies in Nigeria in 2012, a position he still holds to date. He is married with two children. He holds B.Sc Hons Univ of Ife, M.Sc Aston University and M.Sc Bioreactor Systems (Chem Eng), Univ of Manchester UK.

3 EMERGENCY VS DISASTER Emergency - an event that can be resolved using the resources available locally, implying that there is no need to request for external assistance. Disaster - is characterized by impacts that overwhelm the capacities of local responders and places demand on resources which are not available locally. EM-DAT criteria for disaster : >10 people killed, >100 people directly affected, Declaration of State of Emergency and/or call for Int l assistance Examples of disasters in Nigeria : 2012 massive flood from heavy rainfall and release of water from Ladgo dam in Cameroon that affected 18 out of 36 states. About 7 Million Nigerians were affected, 2 Million displaced from their homes. Recent ones include Boko Haram insurgency, erosion induced landslide in South east etc

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5 STAGES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT Prevention: Focuses on preventing the human hazard i.e. from potential natural disasters or terrorist attacks. i.e. Not all disasters, particularly natural disasters, can be prevented, but the risk of loss of life and injury can be mitigated with good evacuation plans, environmental planning and design standards. Mitigation : consists of those activities designed to prevent or reduce losses from disaster. i.e. in earthquake prone areas an earthquake valve may be installed to instantly shut off the natural gas supply to the building/facility, the construction of storm cellars or fallout shelters for flood prone areas

6 STAGES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT Preparedness : focuses on the development of plans and capabilities for effective disaster response. i.e. identifies equipment and develops procedures for use to reduce vulnerability to disaster or to mitigate the impacts of a disaster or to respond more efficiently in the event of an emergency. Response : is the immediate reaction to a disaster. It may occur as the disaster is being anticipated or as soon as it begins. At family level, response may start with immediate evacuation, calling for help from local communities and emergency agencies, at company level; it may involve self-response using pre- defined response structure/team and at government level; a command and control system. Recovery : consists of those activities intended to restore critical community functions and manage reconstruction. Detailed planning and execution is required for each phase

7 PRINCIPLES FOR EFFECTIVE EMERGENCY & DISASTER MANAGEMENT Comprehensive: Emergency managers consider and take into account all hazards, all phases, all impacts, and all stakeholders relevant to disasters Progressive: Emergency managers anticipate future disasters and take preventive and preparatory measures to build disaster-resistant and disaster-resilient communities. Risk-driven: Emergency managers use sound risk management principles (hazard identification, risk analysis, and impact analysis) in assigning priorities and resources Integrated: Emergency managers ensure unity of effort among all levels of government and all elements of a community. Collaborative: Emergency managers create and sustain broad and sincere relationships among individuals and organizations to encourage trust, advocate a team atmosphere, build consensus, and facilitate communication.. In environments of high uncertainty, a good measure of quality interpersonal trust is essential for collective action

8 PRINCIPLES FOR EFFECTIVE EMERGENCY & DISASTER MANAGEMENT Coordinated: Emergency managers synchronize the activities of all relevant stakeholders to achieve a common purpose. The principle of coordination requires that the emergency manager gain agreement among these disparate agencies as to a common purpose and then ensure that their independent activities help to achieve this common purpose. Flexible: Emergency managers use creative and innovative approaches in solving disaster challenges. The emergency manager must have the flexibility to choose not only the most efficient course of action but the one that would have the most chance of being implemented. Professional: Emergency managers value a science and knowledge based approach based on education, training, experience, ethical practice, public stewardship and continuous improvement.

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10 WAY FORWARD - SOLUTIONS Strengthening of inter-agency cooperation and collaboration, especially within the backdrop of existing conflicting objectives and mandate, overlap in exercise of authorities and sub-optimal funding. Building local capacity for response, defined command and control framework, designated Emergency Operating Centers, funding mechanisms that include public and private sector players, documented disaster management plans Training and Exercises which involves drills on specific credible scenario for local, national or regional emergencies should be conducted on regular basis. Relevant stakeholders from local communities, private sector, MDA should be brought together to participate and ensure their specific roles and responsibilities are well rehearsed. Early warning Systems Space based data gathering and surveillance Disaster Risk Reduction Framework- In March 2015, the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA). Disaster relief and recovery

11 SOME APPLICABLE TOOLS o Structured Risk Assessment o Risk Prioritization/Ranking Tool o Remote sensing: o Trajectory modelling o Sensitivity Index Mapping o Shoreline Clean-up Assessment Technique (SCAT)

12 2013 DAILY NUN RIVER WATER LEVEL AS MEASURED AT GBARAN VS PAST YEARS

13 2013 DAILY WATER LEVEL AS MEASURED AT LOKOJA VS PAST YEARS

14 SUMMARY 8.5m Water 9.0m Water Level > 9.0m Water Level POB/CREW-CHANGE a. Reduce manning by 60%. b. Limit to Critically required personnel only. c. Activate/Declare Emergency at Site EAST WEST ROAD a. Personnel movement by air b. Supplies by marine transport BASIC FIELD SUPPLIES a. At 7.0m, maintain supplies at full capacity. b. Define alternate cold room at SHELL used locations in Yenagoa. IN-FIELD MOVEMENT a. Provision of hovercraft. b. Provision of dingy boats. a. Reduce manning to 45% b. ECC to be manned, in communication with ERT a. Same as 8.5m water level a. At 7.0m, maintain supplies at full capacity. b. Define alternate cold room at SHELL used locations in Yenagoa. a. Provision of hovercraft. b. Provision of dingy boats. a. Shutdown and complete evacuation b. ERT takeover c. Site emergency surveillance a. Full Emergency Evacuation a. Shutdown and complete evacuation b. Site emergency surveillance a. Shutdown and complete evacuation b. ERT takeover c. Site emergency surveillance April

15 SUMMARY OF OUTCOME OF ENGAGEMENT WITH GOVERNMENT AGENCIES Government Agencies The Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency (NIHSA) Member of Presidential Committee on Flooding Status/Support Updates - Agreed Dam management protocol to prevent sporadic release of water during the peak flooding period of September and October and keep the water level within tolerant levels. - Dams are releasing water already and also building capacity to absorb released water from Lagdo dam (in Cameroun) since this particular dam is not within the control of NIHSA and the River Basin Development Authorities. The Nigerian Inland Water Ways (NIWA) - Provided us with historical water level data at their gauges within the Delta and also upstream at Lokoja. - Providing us daily water level data from Lokoja, upstream of the Delta thereby helping us to see the flood ahead of its arrival at our area of operation and hence improving our response time (see slide #4 above). The Office of Surveyor General of the Federation University Of Lagos - Provided us some Digital Elevation Models over the Niger. This will help the choice of relief camps in the event of flooding as well as form a key input to our internal modeling. Also provided with copies of the full report of the 2012 flooding with all the learning. - We are also collaborating with UNILAG in the areas of modeling of the Rives and the Terrain in support of flood predictions. April

16 Local Canoe Suspected bunkering barge Leak spread

17 Leak point (bubbling)