Headwater Wetland Restoration Techniques The Wetland Drain Restoration Project

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1 Headwater Wetland Restoration Techniques The Wetland Drain Restoration Project Tools for Managing Small Drainage Features in Rural Landscapes Workshop, March 5, 2014 Dave Richards, Partnership Specialist, MNR

2 Our Rural Landscape Natural Areas (Wetlands, Forests, Riparian Corridors) & Agriculture co-exist in our landscape

3 Our Rural Landscape and sometimes they do not

4

5 Outcomes of our Restoration Actions Improve habitat Decrease nutrient loading Decrease sediment Increase recreational opportunities Improve water quantity Improve water quality More than 80% of Ontarians get their drinking water from the Great Lakes (MOE)

6 The Wetland Drain Restoration Project uses the Drainage Act to Restore Headwater Wetlands

7 Ecosystem Components (Natural Areas): How much wetland area do we need according to science? Wetlands: > 10% of each major watershed, Forest Cover: > 30% of watershed, Riparian Habitat: at least 75% of watercourse naturally vegetated Figures based on guidelines that reflect a healthy ecosystem (Environment Canada How Much is Enough, 3nd Ed.)

8 Strategic Wetland Restoration in impaired watersheds GIS and SWOOP photography as support tools.

9 Hydric Soils in the headwaters of the Dry Creek Watershed Dark grey represents poorly drain soils OMAFRA s soils maps

10 Potential Headwater Wetland Restoration Site Drain providing legal outlet but also causing loss of wetland function Area landowners want a sustainable water supply, improved water quality and legal outlet Ortho photos allows for identification of individual landowner parcels

11 Dry Creek Municipal Drain; Headwater Wetland Great Restoration Site Potential

12 Complete a Feasibility Study Biological/Social Inventory with recommendations. Do your homework; talk to the Drainage Superintendent and provide study for municipalities consideration

13 Common WDRP Feasibility Study Recommendations to Drainage Superintendents: Plugging the leak in the drain (water control structure) Consider alternatives drain maintenance (i.e. digging out every 7 yrs) Decommissioning of the drain (if no longer required)

14 Drainage Act Improvements under Section 78(1) A. Allows for design alteration to take place (includes water control structures) B. Communal acceptance required (open consultation) C. Complete under an engineer s report (secures investment under by-law)

15 A. Water Control Structure Installation completed by municipal staff Engineers Report process and $3,400 to $5,000 per structure.

16 Dry Creek Drain Restoration Profile Engineered Drawings of Drain Profile

17 Legal outlet still maintained in conjunction with wetland restoration Spring runoff event

18 Dry Creek Wetland Restoration Complete A completed wetland restoration project! You can see how water is held back in the drain, and how it extends out into the wetland, providing groundwater recharge and interactions with plants and soils that purify the water.

19 Small, Low Maintenance Water Control Structures raise hydraulic head over low grades

20 B. Drain Maintenance under Section 74 Less drainage maintenance should be considered adjacent to wetlands. Less drain maintenance saves the landowner money.

21 C. Abandonment under Section 84 Some drains no longer serve a useful purpose given changes to land use (i.e. no agricultural operations in headwater area); Landowner or municipal council can initiate abandonment; Cost effective if legal outlet not required Very good passive wetland restoration technique site reverts back to a wetland quite quickly.

22 Wetland Restoration Training/Outreach Drainage Superintendents Workshop Sponsored by DSAO, OMAFRA, MNR.

23 Wetland Drain Restoration Protect Outcome Improving Water Quantity... And Water Quality! Thank you! MNR Aylmer District

24 Sometimes we venture into adjacent farmland to restore wetlands Partnership with Nature Conservancy Canada

25 Remove tile drains and restore hydro period

26 Nail the Hydrology- know what your water is doing

27

28 Very positive outcome for this headwater wetland complex

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