Lessons Learned from Scaling Cookstove Programmes

Transcription

1 Lessons Learned from Scaling Cookstove Programmes Micro Perspectives from Decentralized Energy Supply The Complexity of Cleaner Cookstoves: Challenges Ranging from Improving Livelihoods to Managing Carbon Credits Berlin, March 1st, 2013 Monika Rammelt Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Programme for Poverty-Oiented Basic Energy Services (HERA) Seite 1

2 GIZ has 30 years of experience in cooking energy interventions Supporting local value chains (production, marketing, sales, quality control, changing user behaviour) of low-cost woodfuel and charcoal stoves with considerable efficiency improvements (savings of up to 60 % of biomass fuel) First projects started 1980 Currently, interventions in more than 20 countries (focus Africa) Energising Development (EnDev) as largest project (Partnership financed by Dutch, Norwegian, Australian, British, Swiss, German Governments) provision of sustainable access to improved cooking energy to 7.39 million people; commercial distribution of > 740,000 stoves in 2012 alone Unternehmenspräsentation 2012 Seite 2

3 Adaption of technology according to local cooking habits and user needs Inkawasi Stove Peru Roumdé Stove Burkina Faso MIRT Stove Ethiopia Sakkanal Stove Senegal Mud Rocket Stove Uganda Rocket Stove Malawi Seite 3

4 Accounting for users needs, ability and willingness to pay Malawi 1 USD 20 USD 8 USD 50 USD 80 USD USD USD Seite 4

5 Fostering dynamic, sustainable markets for improved artisanal products Overall Policy advise improvement of regulatory framework conditions and enabling environment for market growth Monitoring improving the evidence base of baseline conditions, outcomes and impacts for continuous adaptation of project approaches Supply side Technology R & D Capacity building of producers (technical and business skills) Optimization of production process Quality control and assurance Fostering financing for local businesses Demand side Awareness creation, sensitization and changing user perception on: Benefits (health, economic, social), quality and availability of new technology Ensuring after sales services Seite 5

6 Lesson No. 1 a) Biomass remains the main energy source especially for rural and low income HHs* b) Woodfuel and charcoal stoves remain necessary and can be a viable solution Users aspire cookstoves with the following features Convenience and adaptation according to prevalent cooking habits Efficiency (saving time and resources) Attraction of design Affordability Access to after-sales-service (repair and replacements) *This does not mean that biogas, vegetable oil, ethanol, solar thermal, LPG, kerosene or electric cookers are not an option, but often they are out of reach for the rural poor Seite 6

7 Lesson No. 2 Sustainable introduction of cookstoves is only possible through the creation of a dynamic market Moving away from subsidized distribution and self-help non-commercial production approaches to the development of commercial value chains and market creation Focus on setting up viable businesses in the target countries, support for in-country production Focus on long-term solutions that reach scale to guarantee self-perpetuation of market instead of short-term ad hoc mass distribution of highly subsidized products Seite 7

8 Lesson No. 3 The enhancement of local markets has many socio-economic benefits Establishment of local facilities for repair and quality control of stoves Enhancement of local know how and capacities (both technical and entrepreneurial) Increase of in-country employment rate through job creation Lowering import and foreign currency dependency Possibility of stove adaptation to local cooking habits Stove Production in Ethiopia Seite 8

9 Lesson No. 4 Monitoring, quality control and after-sales support are crucial for ensuring sustainability Development of quality standards Setting up independent control mechanisms Monitoring has to cover more than merely counting stoves. Penetration rate Usage Maintenance Replacement and allow for learning cycles adaptation of implementation strategy Seite 9

10 Lesson No. 5 Changing cooking habits requires time and efforts Workload, smoke, decreasing resources are not seen as primary problems in low income households. Constant and long-term awareness raising is needed. Cooking habits vary from region to region and require different products: there is no one-fits-all stove. Research and technology adaptation is necessary. Clean cooking is a function of four elements: 1. clean burning fuel, 2. clean burning stove, 3. ventilation, 4. user behavior Sustainable project interventions have to tackle all four aspects Injera Baking in Ethiopia traditional and improved Seite 10

11 Lesson No. 6 A global programme permits efficient up-scaling Cross country exchange of experience allows for accelerated improvements of concepts Performance-based allocation of funds among country interventions creates productive competition High cost effectiveness, reduction transaction costs program Costs for providing access to improved cookstoves : <5 EUR/person Stoves in Burkina Faso and Kenya Seite 11

12 Challenges ahead Changing market dynamics and new players Implications of carbon market development New types of actors involved in cookstove dissemination Technological advancement vs. affordability and local productability Harmonization of donor activities, esp. in the light of global initiatives Transparent monitoring to avoid double counting Monitoring of stove usage instead of mere counting stoves produced/sold Sustainability of distribution, replacement Seite 12

13 Thank you for your attention Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ) GmbH HERA Poverty-Oriented Basic Energy Services Rocket Stove in Malawi Seite 13