Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

Transcription

1 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends Prepared by Abobakr Shahrah Researcher and Information Systems PhD student College of Computer and Information Sciences

2 Outline Introduction Legacy CAD Next Generation CAD Current Challenges Future Trends So What?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 2/61

3 Outline Introduction Legacy CAD Next Generation CAD Current Challenges Future Trends So What?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 3/61

4 Introduction C4ICAS Public Safety Emergency Management Public Safety Answering Point 911 System What Do You Do in Emergency? 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 4/61

5 C4ICAS Research Consultancy Services Education Training 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 5/61

6 Public Safety Vitality and economic growth Quality of life Citizen satisfaction 5% less peaceful since 2008 US$9.46 trillion in % of Gross World Product 97/162 Worldwide 9/19 MENA 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 6/61

7 Public Safety US$125,000 million 20,000 fatalities > the average of last 10 years 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 7/61

8 Emergency Management Analyze Evaluate Mitigate Recover Prepare Respond 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 8/61

9 Public Safety Answering Point PSAP Caller First Responders 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 9/61

10 911 System Operations Hardware Software Management First line of defense 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 10/61

11 911 History Stage Implementation Description Date Basic Call is routed to the public PSAP without caller s phone number or address Enhanced 911 (E911) 1980 Call is routed to the appropriate PSAP with the caller s phone number and address, only if the call is from a landline telephone 1998 Wireless E911 Phase I: the caller s phone number and wireless antenna location are provided 2001 Wireless E911 Phase II: the caller s phone number and the estimated address (longitude and latitude coordinates) are provided Next Generation 911 (NG911) 2010 IP-enabled infrastructure and the ability to deal with voice, text, video, multimedia, etc. data 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 11/61

12 What do you do in emergency? What is happening behind the scene?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 12/61

13 Emergency Response Process Dialing emergency number Calling Receiving Recording incident details Assigning responding units Dispatching Executing Undertaking the incident Disposing the incident Closing NFPA 95% 15 sec 99% 40 sec NENA 90% 10 sec 95% 20 sec NFPA 80% 60 sec 95% 106 sec Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 13/61

14 Outline Introduction Legacy CAD Next Generation CAD Current Challenges Future Trends So What?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 14/61

15 Computer-Aided Dispatch Computer-aided Dispatch (CAD): A computer based system, which aids PSAP Telecommunicators by automating selected dispatching and record keeping activities First implemented in /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 15/61

16 The Heart of Public Safety CAD System 911 System Emergency Management Public Safety 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 16/61

17 Basic Components CAD Receiver Dispatcher Executer 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 17/61

18 Essential Interfaces E911 RMS CAD External Databases Messaging 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 18/61

19 CAD Main End Users Call Taker Dispatcher First Responders Receive incident Information Assign responding resources Undertake the incident 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 19/61

20 CAD Benefits (Three E s) Efficiency Effectiveness Enabling Getting a task done with a minimum expenditure of time and effort Doing a better job to produce an intended or expected result Doing something you could not do before 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 20/61

21 Community Policing Support Proactive Reactive 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 21/61

22 Public Safety Information Sharing Examples 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 22/61

23 Legacy CAD Limitations Benefits Limitations 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 23/61

24 Outline Introduction Legacy CAD Next Generation CAD Current Challenges Future Trends So What?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 24/61

25 NG911 Source: /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 25/61

26 Vision Any device Any time NG911 Any where 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 26/61

27 Objectives Accessibility Interoperability NG911 Objectives Standardization 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 27/61

28 Legacy 911 Vs NG911 (1/2) Capability Legacy 911 NG911 Network - Analogue circuit-switched - Centralized Automatic Message Accounting (CAMA)-based - Less reliable - High latency - Single-path - Limited alternates - Digital packet-switched - Internet Protocol (IP)-based - More reliable (Redundancy and virtual PSAP) - Low latency - Multipath - Just-in-time routing (policy rules) End user devices Basic wire and wireless telephones Any devices 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 28/61

29 Legacy 911 Vs NG911 (2/2) Capability Legacy 911 NG911 Data types Voice - Voice, text, image, video, and multimedia - Supplemental data about the call, caller, location and PSAP Location information - Automatic location information (ALI) databases - Master street address guide (MSAG) Interoperability Limited Very high Open standards Limited Wide range - Dynamic GIS-based (Geospatial Intelligence) - Location information server (LIS) - Call information database (CIDB) 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 29/61

30 Today s 911 Source: US ITS s NG9-1-1 Concept of Operations, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 30/61

31 NG911 Source: US ITS s NG9-1-1 Concept of Operations, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 31/61

32 Example NENA i3 Physical Architecture Source: NENA Functional and Interface Standards for Next Generation Version 1.0 (i3), /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 32/61

33 NG911 Implementation in US UPDATED 21/5/ States: NG911 implementation in progress Source: 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 33/61

34 NGCAD Source: Intrado, NEXT-GENERATION 9-1-1: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO GETTING STARTED, Volume One, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 34/61

35 Standards and Best Practices Open standards NENA: NENA i3 APCO: Unified CAD Functional Requirements (UCADFR) Best practices community Communications Security, Reliability and Interoperability Council (CSRIC) Protocols e.g. ProQA 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 35/61

36 NGCAD Benefits Improved public safety Better access for special-needs communities Improved officer safety Improved efficiency Potential costs savings 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 36/61

37 Outline Introduction Legacy CAD Next Generation CAD Current Challenges Future Trends So What?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 37/61

38 Current Technological Challenges Response time Interoperability Information overload Location accuracy Cybersecurity 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 38/61

39 Response Time Fire Propagation Beyond room of origin: 8 min Cardiac Arrest Brain death: 4-6 min Road Accident 50% of deaths within minutes 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 39/61

40 Information Overload 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 40/61

41 Interoperability Source: APCO International and IJIS Institute, UNIFIED CAD FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 41/61

42 Location Accuracy Outdoor Network-based 100 m for 67% of calls 300 m for 90% of calls Handset-based 50 m for 67% of calls 150 m for 90% of calls Indoor Horizontal location 50 m for 67% of calls within 2 years 50 m for 80% of calls within 5 years Vertical location 3 m for 67% of calls within 3 years 3 m for 80% of calls within 5 years Source: Timothy Denton, A Report on Matters Related to Emergency Services, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 42/61

43 Cybersecurity Source: GovLoop Infographic: Cybersecurity in Focus, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 43/61

44 Outline Introduction Legacy CAD Next Generation CAD Current Challenges Future Trends So What?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 44/61

45 Future Trends Public Safety Ecosystem Smart City Internet of Things Open Government Data Global IT Trends 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 45/61

46 Public Safety Ecosystem Source: Brett Whitney, The Next-Generation Public Safety Communications Ecosystem, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 46/61

47 C4 Concept Command Control Situational Awareness Common Operating Picture (COP) Communications Computers Quality of Command (QoC) Collaboration & Interoperability 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 47/61

48 Smart City Source: /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 48/61

49 Smarter Public Safety Source: IBM Center for Applied Insights, The value of smarter public safety and security, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 49/61

50 Smart Systems Telematics AACN & ecall Smart Detection Sensors Gunshot detection Cameras Motion & facial detection 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 50/61

51 Internet of Things Source: Mobile Future, Let s Talk Connected Devices Infographic, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 51/61

52 Open Government Data UK: Crime & Justice (517) Datasets US: Safety (327) Datasets Checked on 17/5/2014 Source: data.gov.uk, /5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 52/61

53 Global IT Trends Cloud Computing Mobile Computing Data Analytics Social Media 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 53/61

54 Outline Introduction Legacy CAD Next Generation CAD Current Challenges Future Trends So What?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 54/61

55 How to Transform? Strategic Approach Where you are? Where you need to be? How to reach there? How to verify? Current situation analysis Future strategy Transition plan Performance measurement 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 55/61

56 Strategic Planning Roadmap Leapfrogging Evaluation Future State Analysis Strategy Vision & mission Objectives & KPIs Transition plan Execution Strategy implementation Monitoring and controlling Performance measurement Balanced scorecard SWOT Benchmarking Current State 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 56/61

57 NG911 Transition Phased Approach It is a journey.. not a destination 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 57/61

58 Recommendations Move the wheel Form a community Ensure leadership Secure fund 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 58/61

59 Keep in Your Mind.. Before you change technology.. You should change minds! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 59/61

60 Summary Introduction Legacy CAD Next Generation CAD Current Challenges Future Trends So What?! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 60/61

61 Thank You! 19/5/2014 Computer-Aided Dispatch: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends 61/61