Content. Computer System. Unit 1

Transcription

1 Content Unit 1 Computer System Introduction to Computer Technology... 1 Computer System... 2 Characteristics of Computer... 4 A Brief History and Generation of Computer... 6 Computer Architecture... 7 External Physical Structure... 7 Building Block Diagram of Personnel Computer... 8 Input Unit... 8 Central Processing Unit (Process)... 8 Auxiliary Storage... 9 Data and Control Flow Output Unit Computer System Accessories/Devices Input Accessories /Devices Voice Reorganization Device Processing and Storage Devices Types of Memory Internal Processor Memory Primary Memory Secondary Memory/External Memory Output Accessories/Devices Types of Computer On The Basis of Work Differences between Analog and Digital Devices Compare between Digital, Analog and Hybrid Computer On the Basis of Size On the Basis of Brand On the Basis of Model Points to Consider When Buying a New Computer Computer Software System Software Utility Software Application Software Word Processor Spread Sheet Presentation Tool... 42

2 Software Suites Office Suite Internet Suite Graphics Suite Components of Top Software Suite Personal Application Software Custom Made/Special Purpose Software Introduction to Program and Programming Language Machine Language and Assembly Language Machine Language Assembly Language High Level Language Fourth Generation Language Characteristics of a Good Language Assemblers, Compilers and Interpreters Software Licensing Software Licenses and Copyright Law Shareware Trial Software vs. Shareware Freeware vs. Trial Software Where Can You Get Trial Software, Shareware, and Freeware? Software Upgrade The Difference between a Software Upgrade and a Software Update 55 Open Source Code Why is open source code useful? Is open source useful for us? Enterprise Application Software Types Computer Aided Design Software Uses IT Infrastructure Management Opportunities, Challenges and Solutions Chapter Review Workshop Case Studies References Unit 2 Foundation of Information System Introduction Data Data Life Cycle Data Origination... 75

3 Processing and Immediate Use Ready Access Storage Data Destruction Data Processing Types of Data Processing Online Processing Batch Processing Real Time Processing Combined Online and Batch Processing Centralized Data Processing System Decentralized Data Processing System Information Flow of Information Information Generator Organization Needs Information Managers at Different Levels of Organization Needs Different Information Evaluating Information Determinants of Value of Information Value and Cost of Information The Differences between Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom.. 88 Data Information Knowledge Wisdom Difference between Data and Information Information System Literacy Information Classification Classification on the Basis of Sources of Information Classification on the basis of Characteristics Information Characteristics Role of Information Technology in Business Information Technology and the Manager Information Technology and Business Processes Information System Importance of Information System Fundamental Resources of Information System Positive and Negative Impacts of Information Systems Contemporary Approach to Information System Business Processes and Information System Strategic Role of Information System Cost Leadership Strategy Differentiation Strategy

4 Innovation Strategy Growth Strategies Alliance Strategies Types of Information System Operational System Information System Transaction Processing System (TPS) Role of TPS in Organization OLTPS (Online Transaction Processing System) Benefits of TPS Examples of TPS Characteristics of a Good Transaction Processing System Function of Transaction Processing System (TPS) Knowledge Work System and Office Automation System Office Automation Systems (OAS) Tactical or Management Information System (MIS) How does Management use Information? The Management Process Strategic Information System (Intelligent support systems) Information System and Organization Personal and Group Information System Personal Information System Group Information System Business Perspective on Information System Organization Management Technology Two Way Relationship between Information System and Organization 123 The Two-Way Relationship Affect of Organization to Information System Affect of Information System to Organization Information Technology and Its Importance Business and Technology Trends Management Information System Definition and History Historical Development Objectives of MIS Characteristics of MIS Impact of MIS Role of MIS on Business Organization Operational and Functional Support Role Decision Support Role The Strategic Support Role The Performance Monitoring Role

5 Properties of Management Information System Documents & Reports by Management Information System Conceptual Framework of Management Information System Architectural Framework of Management Information System People Resources Hardware Resources Software Resources Data Resources Network Resources Limitations of MIS Decision Making and MIS MIS: A Tool for Management Process Success and Failure of MIS Factors contributing to success of MIS Factors Contributing to Failures Resistance to the MIS Potential Risk and Information System Security Approaches of MIS Development Top Down Approach Bottom-up Approach Integrative Approach Implementation of MIS Implementation Plan Organizing the MIS Department Selection and Procurement of Hardware Procurement of Software Creating the Database Training of Users Creating Physical Infrastructure Transition to the New System MIS Development Methodologies Prototyping System Development Life Cycle Systems Planning Systems Analysis Systems Design and Development Stages of Design Logical and Physical Design System Development Systems Implementation and Testing Systems Operation, Review and Support The Waterfall Model Spiral Model

6 Computer-Aided Systems Engineering Tool Documentation Types of Documentation Role of Systems Analyst Overview of Feasibility Business Processes Reengineering The Role of Information Technology in BPR Chapter Review Workshop Case Studies References Unit 3 Telecommunication and Network The Concept of Network Networking the Enterprises A Telecommunications Network Model What is Communications? How is Communications Used? Data Communication Computer Networking Devices Required for Connecting Computer Networking Types of Telecommunication Networks On the Basis of Architecture On the Basis of Geographical Location of Computer Network Topology Star Topology Bus Topology Mesh Topology Ring Topology Hybrid Topologies Communications Software Telecommunication Media Physical Transmission Media Wireless Transmission Media Key Considerations for Transmission Media Data Transmission Mode Simplex Duplex Analog and Digital Signal Data Communication Measurement Protocol Threat to Computer Networking

7 Environmental Threats Logical Threats Procedural Failure Network Security Techniques Access Control Techniques Password Dial Back Biometric Techniques Encryption Techniques Business Applications of Telecommunication Trends of Telecommunications Industry Trends Technology Trends Business Application Trends The Business Value of Telecommunications Networks Business Use of the Internet The Business Value of the Internet The Role of Intranets The Business Value of Intranets The Role of Extranets Chapter Review Workshop Case Study References Unit 4 Data Resource Management and DSS Introduction Fundamental Data Concept Data Hierarchy Objectives of a Database MIS and Database Management System Components of DBMS Data Dictionary System (DDS) Database Management Language (DBML) Database Structure Models Hierarchical Model Network Model Relational Model Relationships within a Data Model E-R Diagram Symbols Database Administrator (DBA)

8 Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Database Development Planning Analysis Design Implementation Normalization Security in the Database Environment Points to Provide Security Types of Databases Operational Database Distributed Databases External Databases Hypermedia Databases Client Server Database Object Oriented Database Multimedia Databases Data Warehouse Data Warehouse Architecture Data Mining Overview How Data Mining Works Architecture for Data Mining Profitable Applications Difference between Data warehouse and Data Mining Decision Support System Decision Support in Business Information, Decisions, and Management Decision Structure Decision Support Trends Concept of Decision-Making Decision-Making Process Herbert Simon Model of Decision Making Decision Support Systems (DSS) Introduction Components of DSS DSS Characteristics Functions of DSS Why use a DSS? Group DSS DSS Systems Development Life Cycle Systems Planning Systems Analysis

9 Systems Design and Development Stages of Design Logical and Physical Design System Development Systems Implementation and Testing Systems Operation, Review and Support Types of DSS: Development Perspective OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) OLTP(Online Transaction Processing) and OLAP Knowledge Management Systems Expert Systems Components of an Expert System Chapter Review Workshop Case Study References Unit 5 Business Applications E-Business System E-Business Components E-Commerce Causes for Development of Ecommerce Evolution of Commerce Benefits of E-Commerce Limitation of Ecommerce Essential e-commerce Processes Access Control and Security Profiling and Personalizing Search Management Content and Catalog Management Workflow Management Collaboration and Trading E-Commerce Success Factors Elements of E-Commerce Applications Information Delivery Servers Information Delivery/Transport and Ecommerce Application Consumer Access Devices The Network Infrastructure for Ecommerce Types of E-Business Model Business to Consumer (B2C) Model Introduction Meaning of B2C

10 Typical B2C Enabled by Internet B2C Models Electronic Auction Advantages of Internet Auctions Disadvantages of Internet Auctions Online Stores Benefits for the Customers Online Services Business to Business (B2B) Model Introduction Definition of B2B Commerce Types of B2B Markets Consumer to consumer (C2C) Model Consumer to Business (C2B) E Governance An e governance Model E-Business and E-Commerce Legal and Ethical Issues in Electronic Commerce Electronic Payment Processes What is Electronic Payment? Current Status of E-Payment epayment Channels epayment Instruments Components of Online Payment System epayment Risks epayment Transaction Cycle Enterprise Systems Concept Enterprise Software Business Value of Enterprise Systems Enterprise Resource Planning Benefits and Challenges of ERP The Costs of ERP Causes of ERP Failures Trends in ERP Lifecycle Cost Estimation Benefits Realization Supply Chain Management Systems The Supply Chain The Components of Supply Chains Information Systems and SCM SCM Software

11 Global Supply Chains and the Internet Demand-Driven Supply Chains: From Push to Pull Manufacturing and Efficient Customer Response Trends in SCM The Role of SCM Benefits and Challenges of SCM Business Value of SCM Systems Customer Relationship Management Systems Customer Relationship Management The Three Phases of CRM Benefits and Challenges of CRM CRM Failures Trends in CRM Business Value of CRM Systems Enterprise Applications of CRM Cross-Functional Enterprise Applications Enterprise Collaboration Systems Tools for Enterprise Collaboration Chapter Review Workshop Case Study References Unit 6 Functional Applications of Hospitality Information System Introduction Hospitality Management Technology and Hospitality Management Global Distribution Systems (GDS) Globalization and Hospitality Industry Global Distribution Systems (GDS) Property Management System (PMS) Use of PMS in Hotels Most of the PMS software has the following module Computer Reservations System (CRS) Benefits of the Central Reservations System Point-of-Sale Systems (POS) Point of Sale in the Restaurant Industry The Benefits of Point-of-Sale (POS) System POS Capabilities Chapter Review

12 Workshop Case Study References Unit 7 Case Studies Case ecourier, Cablecom, and Bryan Cave: Delivering Value through Business Intelligence Case Study Questions and Solutions Case The New York Times and Boston Scientific: Two Different Ways of Innovating with Information Technology Case Study Questions& Solutions Case Sew What? Inc.: The Role of Information Technology in Small Business Success Case Study Questions Case JetBlue and the Veterans Administration: The Critical Importance of IT Processes Case Study Questions & Solutions Case Competing with Information Technology Case Study Questions & Solutions Case For Companies both Big and Small: Running a Business on Smartphones Case Study Questions & Solution Case Wachovia and Others: Trading Securities at the Speed of Light Value in Milliseconds Case Study Questions and solutions Case IT Leaders: Reinventing IT as a Strategic Business Partner Case Study Questions and Solution Case Visa Cracks Down on Credit Fraud Questions Case Human Resources Management on the Web Questions Model Questions Board Questions