FHB Resistance in Durum -Progress and Challenge
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1 FHB Resistance in Durum -Progress and Challenge Elias Elias, Shahryar Kianian, Shaobin Zhong, and Xiwen Cai North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND Steven Xu USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND
2 Outline Sources of resistance for durum FHB introgression and variety/germplasm development in durum What we have learned Future research
3 Sources of Resistance for Durum Wild emmer wheat Qfhs.ndsu-3AS Tunisian durum lines Qfhs.ndsu-5BL Cultivated emmer, Persian, and Timopheev s wheat Qfhb.rwg-5A.1 and Qfhb.rwg-5A.2 Hexaploid wheat Wild relatives of wheat
4 Mean FHB Severity of LDN-Wild Emmer Substitution Lines in the Greenhouse ( ) Genotypes FHB Severity (%) LDN LDN(DIC-1A) 36.5 LDN(DIC-2A) 83.9 LDN(DIC-3A) 19.8 LDN(DIC-4A) 48.3 LDN(DIC-5A) 40.6 LDN(DIC-6A) 72.4 LDN(DIC-7A) 65.7 LDN(DIC-1B) 69.2 LDN(DIC-3B) 57.8 LDN(DIC-4B) 36.6 LDN(DIC-5B) 44.8 LDN(DIC-6B) 35.5 LDN(DIC-7B) 57.4 D91103 (resistant check) 29.6 D87450 (susceptible check) 62.6 R. W. Stack and E. Elias Crop Sci. 42:637 (2002)
5 cm Marker Xfcp397.1 Xfcp399 Xwgc901 Xwgc500 Xbcd1532 Xgwm2 Xwgc501/ Xwgc774 Xwgc510 Xfcp397.2 Xfcp402 Xfcp403.1 Xwgc929 Xgwm666.1 Xwgc716 0 kb 100 kb 500 kb 600 kb 700 kb 800 kb 900 kb 1000 kb 1100 kb 1200 kb 1300 kb 1400 kb 1500 kb 1600 kb 1700 kb 1800 kb AP AP AP AP AP AP AP AP AP AP AP Partial Physical Map of Rice 1S 3AS-4 3AS-2 3AL-3 3AL-5 Chromosome 3A Wheat Genetic Map of 3AS RICL FHB Severity (%) LDN-DIC3A LDN-DIC3A LDN-DIC3A LDN-DIC3A LDN-DIC3A LDN-DIC3A LDN-DIC3A FHB Resistance QTL Qfhs.ndsu-3AS Derived from Wild Emmer Wheat S. Kianian; X. Cai
6 a b c d Xbcd15-3A Xbcd907-3B Xglk683-3A Xgwm389-3B 10 5 Xbcd907r 10 Xgwm533-3B XSTS3B-66 XSTS3B Xtam47-3A Xtam61-3A Xfba91-3A Xcdo460-3A Xcdo1164-3A XksuG53-3B Xgwm493-3B Xcdo460-3B Xtam47-3B Xtam61-3B Xgwm389-3B Xgwm533-3B.1 XSTS3B-189 XSTS3B-80 XSTS3B-206 XSTS3B-66 Xgwm493-3B Qfhs.ndsu-3BS 60 Xcdo1345-3A 60 Xbcd1532-3A Qfhs.ndsu-3AS Xfcp401 Xbcd1532 Xgwm2 Xfcp397.2 Xfcp Xcdo1435-3A Xmwg22-3A Xgwm2-3A Xcdo638-3A Xgwm533-3B.2 Xfba91-3B Xgwm533-3B Xgwm Xgwm666-3A Xcdo1164-3B 100 Xgwm32-3A 80 Xfba91-3B a Partial genetic map of the chromosomal region harboring Qfhs.ndsu-3AS; b CMap of 3AS ( wheat.pw.usda.gov/gg2/index.shtml); c CMap of 3BS ( wheat.pw.usda.gov/gg2/index.shtml); d Partial fine map of Qfhs.ndsu-3BS (Liu and Anderson, 2003; Liu et al. 2006) X. Cai Mol. Breed. 2007, 19:
7 Wheat 3AS Distal region (4,360 kb) of rice 1S Distal region of Brachypodium 2S Saturation Mapping and Comparative Analysis of the Chromosomal Region Harboring Qfhs.ndsu-3AS X. Cai
8 Mean FHB Severity of Tunisian Durum Lines in the Greenhouse ( ) E. Elias and S. Kianian
9 E. Elias Genetic Distance-Based Dendrogram of the Resistance Sources Ben LDN-16 LDN-Dic3A Lebsock Plaza Maier Tun18 Tun51 Tun101 Tun73 WangshuibaiMW Tun90 Tun36 Tun84 Tun34 Tun108 Tun7 CIMMYT7 Frontana Sumai3 Wangshuibai Coefficient
10 Identification of FHB Resistance QTL from Tunisian Lines by Association Mapping A FHB resistance QTL on 5BL Qfhs.ndsu-5BL A chromosomal region on 3BS potentially associated with FHB resistance Susceptibility or suppressor of resistance gene(s) on chromosome 2A S. Kianian
11 FHB Resistance of Persian and Cultivated Emmer Wheat in the Greenhouse Genotypes Winter 2004 Spring w sp* 3w pt 3w sp 3w pt Sumai Russ PI61102 (Persian wheat) PI78812 (Persian wheat) PI94750 (Persian wheat) PI94752 (Persian wheat) PI (Persian wheat) PI (Persian wheat) PI (Persian wheat) CI3686 (cultivated emmer) CI14086 (cultivated emmer) CI14135 (cultivated emmer) LSD (0.05) * Average number of infected spikelets per spike (sp) and average percent infection (pt) at three weeks post-inoculation S. Xu and X. Cai
12 a b c d e f g h i Reactions to Fusarium graminearum of cultivated emmer (a-h) and Persian wheat (i) at 21 days post inoculation in the greenhouse S. Xu
13 Two FHB Resistance QTL on 5AS and 5AL with Possible Origin of T. timopheevii (PI277012) S. Xu Chu et al TAG
14 Introgression and Variety/Germplasm Development Wild emmer (Qfhs.ndsu-3AS) derived durum lines Tunisian lines derived durum lines Cultivated emmer, Persian, and Timopheev s wheat derived durum lines Sumai 3 (Fhb1) derived durum lines Wild relative derived durum lines Durum varieties
15 Recombined 3A LDN-DIC3A-10 LDN 3A F 1 F 2 F 3 Evaluating homozygous recombinants for FHB resistance X. Cai
16 Introgression of FHB Resistance from the Tunisian Lines into Durum Elias & Kianian
17 2009 Durum Uniform FHB Nursery, Langdon, ND Divide Emmer-derived durum line S. Xu
18 FHB Severity and DON of Durum Wheat Cultivars ( ) Alkabo Divide Grenora Lebsock Mountrail Tioga E. Elias
19 Durum Wheat Cultivars Grown in ND 35 % A c r e a g e P l a n t e d Ben Lebsock Mountrail Pierce Grenora Alkabo Divide E. Elias
20 What We Have Learned FHB resistance of durum materials in the greenhouse and field conditions The role of D genome in FHB resistance The role of spike structure in FHB resistance Suppression of FHB resistance in tetraploid wheat
21 Potential Effect of D genome on FHB resistance Durum Cultivar Scoop 1 (susceptible) X Aegilops tauschii (genome DD) (reaction to FHB unknown) Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat TA (moderate resistance) X Spring Wheat ND495 (moderate susceptibility) Mapping Population: 120 DH Lines Identified Two FHB Resistance QTL on 5AL and 5BL of TA , respectively S. Zhong and S. Xu
22 Marker Xbarc151 Xbarc Xgdm132.1 Xcfa Xcfa2185 Xcfa2155 Xwmc96.2 Xgwm410.4 Xgwm179.1 Xgwm595 Xgwm291.1 Xgwm410.3 Xgwm410.2 Distance (cm) LOD Marker Xbarc138.3 Xgwm540 Xbarc109 Xbarc74 Xgwm213 Xbarc128.4 Xgwm371 Xbarc100.5 Tsn1 Xbarc73 Xwmc75 Xbarc142 Xgdm116.1 Distance (cm) FHB 2010 FHB 2007 FHB 2008 LOD 5A 5B Major QTLs on chromosome 5A and 5B identified in the mapping population from the cross between the synthetic wheat line TA and the spring wheat line ND495. The 5A QTL peaked at the interval between Xgdm132.1 and Xgwm410.4, and explained up to 11% of the phenotypic variation. Whereas the 5B QTL explained up to 20% of the trait variation and peaked at the interval between markers Xbarc100.5 and Xwmc75. FHB 2007 and FHB2008 were based on the data from greenhouse inoculation. FHB 2010 was based on the data from the disease nursery located at Fargo, ND. S. Zhong and S. Xu
23 Mean FHB Severity of LDN-D genome Substitution Lines in the Greenhouse (2011) Genotypes FHB Severity (%) LDN 1D(1A) LDN 2D(2A) LDN 3D(3A) LDN 4D(4A) LDN 5D(5A) LDN 6D(6A) LDN 7D(7A) LDN 1D(1B) LDN 2D(2B) LDN 3D(3B) LDN 4D(4B) LDN 5D(5B) LDN 6D(6B) LDN 7D(7B) LDN Chinese Spring X. Cai
24 Mean FHB Severity of LDN-Wild Emmer Substitution Lines in the Greenhouse ( ) Genotypes FHB Severity (%) LDN LDN(DIC-1A) 36.5 LDN(DIC-2A) 83.9 LDN(DIC-3A) 19.8 LDN(DIC-4A) 48.3 LDN(DIC-5A) 40.6 LDN(DIC-6A) 72.4 LDN(DIC-7A) 65.7 LDN(DIC-1B) 69.2 LDN(DIC-3B) 57.8 LDN(DIC-4B) 36.6 LDN(DIC-5B) 44.8 LDN(DIC-6B) 35.5 LDN(DIC-7B) 57.4 D91103 (resistant check) 29.6 D87450 (susceptible check) 62.6 R. W. Stack and E. Elias Crop Sci. 42:637 (2002)
25 Future Research Search for novel/effective sources of resistance, especially Type I resistance Characterize the role of D genome and spike structure in FHB resistance Manipulate D-genome chromosomes and suppressor genes to enhance FHB resistance in durum Develop elite germplasm and superior varieties from the resistance sources available for durum
26 Acknowledgement Shiaoman Chao, USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND Yanhong Dong, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN All researchers and supporting staffs involved in this coordinated project ND Wheat Commission ND Agricultural Experiment Station
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