Cells: Living Units 90

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2 Cells: Living Units 90

3 Cells: Living Units Unit Front Page 91

4 Cells: Living Units At the end of this unit, I will: Define cells and tissues and explain how they are organized. Explain the function of cell organelles Describe how proteins are manufactured, and the function of the endomembrane system in manufacturing and modifying polypeptides or proteins. Name and describe the structure and function of cytoskeletal elements. Describe the chemical composition of the plasma membrane and relate it to its membrane function. Compare the structure and function of tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. Explain active and passive transport mechanisms of the plasma membrane while differentiating the transport processes relative to energy source, substances transported, direction, and mechanism. Describe how DNA is packaged and stored in the nucleus. Explain the various forms of DNA from nucleosome, chromatin, to chromosome. Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes I will understand and recognize in words are: Crist-, Cyto-, Desm-, Dia-, Dys-, Flagell-, mito-, nucle-, onco-, osmo-, permea-, phag-, philo-, phobo-, tono-, -plasm, -troph, -villus 92

5 Composite/Generalized Cell vs. Differentiated/Diverse Cell Definition of Composite Cell: Basic Illustrated Example of Composite Cell: Three illustrated examples of diverse/differentiated cells: Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: 93

6 Reading Guide: Chapter 3 Cells, Living Units Instructions: The specific instructions for various activities and the grading rubric for reading guides can be found on pages and pages of your intnb. Refer to these pages carefully, as you will be completing reading guides all throughout this year. 1. Read pgs : 1 st column on Overview of the Cellular Basis of Life On the left page 93 of your interactive notebook, define a composite or generalized cell and draw your own interpretation of this cell based on its definition. LABEL the three main parts of this composite cell that all human cells have. Contrast your composite cell with cells that have diverse shapes and functions by drawing three examples of cells that differ from your composite cell. Explain the different shape or function of the cells you chose to draw. Figure 3.1 may help. 2. Read pgs. 66 Pg. 69 on the Fluid Mosaic Model Write a GIST on page 96 of your intnb 3. Read pg 69 and figure 3.5 on page 70 of your textbook on Specializations of Plasma Membrane. Identify the three types of junctions on the illustration on page 95 of your intnb. Color each individual junction with different colors and use the same colors to color only the junctions in the larger graphic. For each junction, explain its function and identifying characteristics. 4. Read pages on Membrane Transport Complete a 4-column T-chart on page 97 of your intnb that contrasts the following passive transport mechanisms: simple diffusion, carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion, channelmediated facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. List at least FOUR facts for each. Complete a 3-column T-chart on page 97 of your intnb that contrasts the three main active transport mechanisms: primary active transport, secondary active transport, and vesicular transport. List at least FOUR facts for each. 5. Read pages on Cell to Environment Interactions Write a GIST on page 96 of your intnb. 6. Review pages on The Cytoplasm and The Nucleus. Complete the table on page 100 of your intnb. Color and label the image of the cell on page 99 of your intnb Write a GIST explaining how DNA is organized inside the nucleus on page 98 of your intnb. (The section on Chromatin pg. 97 of your textbook and Figure 3.29 on page 98 will help you with your GIST) 94

7 Membrane Junctions: Color each individual junction with different colors and use the same colors on the larger image to the left. Type of Junction: Function and Characteristics: Type of Junction: Function and Characteristics: Type of Junction: Function and Characteristics: During lecture, you will be labeling specific characteristics of each junction in the above image. 95

8 Reading Guide Chapter 3 GIST 1 Fluid Mosaic Model 96

9 Passive Transport Simple Diffusion Carrier-Mediated facilitated diffusion Channel- Mediated facilitated diffusion Osmosis Active Transport Primary Active Transport Secondary Active Transport Vesicular Transport 97

10 GIST 3 Organization of DNA 98

11 Cell Labeling 99

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13 Packaging of DNA into Chromosomes In the figure below, label the following: DNA, Nucleosome, Chromatin, Looped Domains, and Chromosome 101

14 Date Chapter 3: Cytoplasmic Organelles and the Nucleus 102

15 Cell Organelle Layered Book Create a pocket on this page to store your Cell Organelle Layered Book or glue the back of your book onto this page. 103

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18 Date Chapter 3: Plasma Membrane 106

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23 Membrane Transport Label each of the following transport methods as either 1) active or passive then 2) specify the specific type of membrane transport: 1) 1) 2) 2) 1) 1) 2) 2) 111

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25 1) 1) 2) 2) 1) 1) 2) 2) 1) 1) 2) 2) 113

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27 Sodium-Potassium Pump 115

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31 Diffusion and Osmosis Pre-lab Read the Diffusion and Osmosis Lab on the following pages and complete the pre-lab PRIOR to lab day. Introduction: Dialysis tubing allows molecules to diffuse through microscopic pores in the tubing. Molecules smaller than the pores can diffuse through the dialysis membrane along their concentration gradients, while molecules larger than the pore size are prevented from crossing the dialysis membrane. Answer the following questions. For problems, show equations and work with units and appropriate significant figures. Part 1A: Predict whether or not each of these is expected to pass through the dialysis membrane. Water Glucose I 2 KI Starch How will you know if the iodine solution (I 2 KI) has crossed the dialysis membrane? Part 1B: In the following situations, assume that sucrose cannot diffuse through the dialysis membrane. 1. If a dialysis bag containing a.20 M solution of sucrose is placed in a beaker of distilled water. Will the dialysis bag gain or lose mass? Explain why. 2. A dialysis bag has an initial mass of 30.2 g and a final mass of 26.3 g. Find the % change in mass. CAREFULLY read the procedure on pages lab 1B. In the space below, DRAW how the beakers will be set up in the space below. Label the contents of each dialysis bag and the contents in each beaker in your illustration. To help you, see Figure 1.1 on page 123, which provides an example of one of the beakers. 119

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38 This is an EXAMPLE of what your graph should look like on the opposite page. Make sure to graph the CLASS DATA and to use a LINE OF BEST FIT. % Change in Mass of Dialysis Bags a function of Sucrose Mola rity % % % % % % 5.0 % 0.0 % % Sucrose Molarit y (moles/l) C las s D ata L inear (G roup D ata) G roup D ata L inear (C las s D ata Analysis of Results 126

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40 Chapter 3 Study Guide 128

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42 Use Figure 3.1 to answer the following: 130

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44 Use Figure 3.2 to answer the following: 132

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49 Cells: Living Units Unit Back Page (See page 19 for instructions) 137