Structural Design I Philippe Block Joseph Schwartz

Transcription

1 1 Structural Design I Philippe Block Joseph Schwartz

2 Structural design I+II Structural design I 2. Equilibrium and graphic static 1. Introduction Cables Arches Arch-cablestructures 9. Trusses Beams and frames 13. Cable-net and membrane structures Vaults, domes and shells 16. Spatial archcable-structures 17. Spacial trusses 16. Shear walls and plates 20. Columns 12. Materials and dimensioning Structural design II 19. Bending Course overview

3 3 Beams Structural behaviour of a simple beam Reinforced concrete beam Steel beam Beam under concentrated and distributed loads Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads Overhanging beam Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) Continuous beam

4 Structural behavior of simple beam 4 Arch, Bogen, cable Seil Arch-cable Bogen-Seiltragwerk structures Als as external äusseres structure Tragwerk Als as internal inneres Tragwerk structure Als as external äusseres structure Tragwerk Als as internal inneres Tragwerk structure pre-stressed Beton vorgespannt concrete steel/ Stahl / wood Holz cracked Beton, gerissen concrete Bogen, Arch, Seil, cable, membrane, Membran, Schale Membrane Membranwirkung action Arch-cable Bogen-Seiltragwerk structures, Fachwerk truss, Raumfachwerk space truss Balken Beam, Balkenroste beam grid, Platten slab

5 Structural behavior of simple beam 5 Form diagram Scale 1 : 100 Force diagram Scale 1 cm = 1 kn 200 kn 800 kn 2 m 700 kn 300 kn 200 kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn

6 Structural behavior of simple beam 6 Form diagram Scale 1 : 100 Force diagram Scale 1 cm = 1 kn 200 kn 800 kn 2 m 700 kn 300 kn 200 kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn

7 Structural behavior of simple beam 7 Form diagram Scale 1 : 100 Force diagram Scale 1 cm = 1 kn 200 kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn 200 kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn

8 8 Beams Structural behaviour of a simple beam Reinforced concrete beam Steel beam Beam under concentrated and distributed loads Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads Overhanging beam Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) Continuous beam

9 Reinforced concrete beam kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn 200 kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn

10 Reinforced concrete beam 10

11 Reinforced concrete beam kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn 200 kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn

12 Reinforced concrete beam 12

13 Reinforced concrete beam 13

14 Reinforced concrete beam 14

15 15 Beams Structural behaviour of a simple beam Reinforced concrete beam Steel beam Beam under concentrated and distributed loads Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads Overhanging beam Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) Continuous beam

16 Steel beam kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn 200 kn 800 kn 700 kn 300 kn

17 Steel beam 17

18 Steel beam 18

19 Steel beam 19

20 Steel beam 20

21 Steel beam 21

22 22 Beams Structural behaviour of a simple beam Reinforced concrete beam Steel beam Beam under concentrated and distributed loads Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads Overhanging beam Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) Continuous beam

23 Beam under concentrated and distributed loads 23 F A B F A B

24 Beam under concentrated and distributed loads 24 q Q/2 Q/2 q Q/2 Q/2

25 Beam under concentrated and distributed loads 25 q Q/2 Q/2 q Q/2 Shear zone maximum loading Schubzone maximal belastet compression and tension zone maximum loading Druckzone und Zugzone maximal belastet Shear zone maximum loading Schubzone maximal belastet Q/2 q Q/2 Q/2

26 Structural behavior of simple beam 26 Arch, Bogen, cable Seil Arch-cable Bogen-Seiltragwerk structures Als as external äusseres structure Tragwerk Als as internal inneres Tragwerk structure Als as external äusseres structure Tragwerk Als as internal inneres Tragwerk structure pre-stressed Beton vorgespannt concrete steel/ Stahl / wood Holz cracked Beton, gerissen concrete Bogen, Arch, Seil, cable, membrane, Membran, Schale Membrane Membranwirkung action Arch-cable Bogen-Seiltragwerk structures, Fachwerk truss, Raumfachwerk space truss Balken Beam, Balkenroste beam grid, Platten slab

27 27 Beams Structural behaviour of a simple beam Reinforced concrete beam Steel beam Beam under concentrated and distributed loads Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads Overhanging beam Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) Continuous beam

28 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 28 F A B F A B A F B

29 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 29 q A B q A B A F B

30 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 30 q A B q A B Schubzone maximal belastet q A B

31 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 31 q A B John Andrews & WMZ Architects, Nicolet, Dressel Associates & Bruno Thürlimann: CN Tower, Toronto, 1976

32 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 32 John Andrews & WMZ Architects, Nicolet, Dressel Associates & Bruno Thürlimann: CN Tower, Toronto, 1976

33 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 33 John Andrews & WMZ Architects, Nicolet, Dressel Associates & Bruno Thürlimann: CN Tower, Toronto, 1976

34 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 34 John Andrews & WMZ Architects, Nicolet, Dressel Associates & Bruno Thürlimann: CN Tower, Toronto, 1976

35 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 35 John Andrews & WMZ Architects, Nicolet, Dressel Associates & Bruno Thürlimann: CN Tower, Toronto, 1976

36 Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads 36 John Andrews & WMZ Architects, Nicolet, Dressel Associates & Bruno Thürlimann: CN Tower, Toronto, 1976

37 37 Beams Structural behaviour of a simple beam Reinforced concrete beam Steel beam Beam under concentrated and distributed loads Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads Overhanging beam Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) Continuous beam

38 Overhanging beam 38 Pier Luigi Nervi: project, airport terminal, Rom, 1957

39 Overhanging beam 39 q A B

40 40 Beams Structural behaviour of a simple beam Reinforced concrete beam Steel beam Beam under concentrated and distributed loads Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads Overhanging beam Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) Continuous beam

41 Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) 41 q F F A B C D l' l' l l l q F 0.5 f F 0.5 f A B C D

42 Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) 42 Riccardo Morandi: Polcevera viaduct, Genoa, 1968

43 Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) 43 eq

44 44 Beams Structural behaviour of a simple beam Reinforced concrete beam Steel beam Beam under concentrated and distributed loads Cantilever under concentrated and distributed loads Overhanging beam Gerber s beam (Hinged girder system) Continuous beam

45 Continuous beam 45 q A C B D q A Shear zone Schubzone C B every zone max. loading compression and tension zone every zone max. loading alle Zonen Druckzone maximum und Zugzone loading alle Zonen max. bel. maximal belastet max. bel. D q A C B D

46 Continuous beam 46 q A B C D E 0.79 l l l 0.79 l q 0.66 f 0.33 f 0.58 l 0.21 l 0.21 l 0.58 l 0.21 l l 0.79 l

47 Continuous beam 47 Arnold Bürkli: Quai bridge, Zurich, 1884