A brief on Fisheries and Aquaculture

Transcription

1 A brief on Fisheries and Aquaculture Select Committee on Land and Environment 01 September 2009

2 Fisheries Sector of South Africa South Africa has well established fishery sector & is currently net exporter of fishery products. However, most South African fisheries are considered to be fully utilized & high value fisheries such as abalone, prawns & linefish are largely over-exploited. Projected increase in demand for high end fisheries products provides an opportunity for substantial increases in aquaculture production. South Africa s commercial fishery industry is valued at about R2 billion annually & employs 22, 000 people Total annual fish production from marine fisheries is more than tons FAO world s commercial fish stock are fully exploited, over exploited or depleted 22

3 Context - environment Catches are at a historical low Increased demand and technological advances Shifts in distribution environmental factors To show examples 3 major fisheries 33

4 Hake M. paradoxus M. capensis Deepwater hake (M. paradoxus) Spawning biomass ('000 mt)

5 West Coast Rock Lobster West Coast rock lobster landed catch (tons whole mass) and area-aggregated standardized trap CPUE normalized to the mean, Catch (t whole mass) 2000 Catch CPUE CPUE (kg/trap) 0 55

6 West Coast Rock Lobster Approx. 70% caught 30 yrs ago Mostly affected traditional fishermen Now 90% caught- Dassen Is & Cape P 66

7 Pilchard 120 % of annual catches SouthEast West Coast

8 Socio and economic context Lower catches fewer jobs Shifts in distribution mismatch - infrastructure and catches Trucking fish - extra cost - to R80m R750m p/a Industry sources additional costs - profits Factories relocated - WCRL and plans to relocate Pilchard Economic activity due to fishing diminished West Coast Unemployment rife last resort fishing right Large proportion of fish workers non-permanent Alternative economic opportunities Tourism Aquaculture Other.. 88

9 Employment % Employment Permanent Jobs Non-permanent Jobs 10 0 Hake WCRL Pilchard 99

10 Aquaculture Definition: Culture of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and plants either in cages within the shallow waters of the ocean/dams or structures on land fed by water Globally aquaculture is expanding rapidly 9% annual growth The contribution of aquaculture to total fisheries consumption has grown from 9% in 1980 to 47% today (FAO, 2008). China contributes 67% towards global aquaculture production 10

11 Aquaculture Sector of South Africa Given current market trends, South Africa s environmental potential for aquaculture & state of development of its industry, production could grow from current level of 3712 tons (worth R371 million) to over tons (worth R2.4 billion) over next 10-20years. In 2008, direct employment on farms was 2000 (3600 if consider services sector- feeds, processing, security, transport, packaging, manufacturing of equipment, research, government services). If production grows to projected level of tons per annum, industry will have employment potential of over people. 11

12 Aquaculture cont.. Aquaculture growth has not exceeded expectations in SA However there has been some success stories eg abalone Abalone farming Production in tons (from 20tons in 1996) Growth 10% (>global growth of 9%) Value in 2008 R283m (94% of total sector value) With about 27% Return on Investment 12

13 South African Aquaculture Production (2008) Tons p.a. 13 Mussel Oyster Tilapia Koi carp Catfish Carp Ornamental fish Mullet Largemouth bass Marron Prawn Marine finfish Rainbow trout Abalone

14 South African Aquaculture Production (2008) Value Rm 14 Ornamental fish Oyster Marron Mussel Koi carp Tilapia Catfish Carp Mullet Largemouth bass Abalone Rainbow trout

15 Abalone (1000t; R280m) 15

16 TROUT Trout (1300t; R35m) (1650t: R42.5m) 16

17 Ornamental Fish (5 million; R8.7m) Ornamental species (4t/480000; R12m) 17

18 Mussels (800t; R7m) 18

19 Oysters (225t; R10m) 19

20 Tilapia Tilapia (180t; R1.2m) (220t; R2.4m) 20

21 Restructuring of Gov. May 2009 DEAT functions transferred to 3 new depts Tourism DWE DAFF Most functions of MCM are controlled by the Marine Living Resources Act and the Integrated Coastal Management Act Marine aquaculture function has been transferred to DAFF Rest of the functions have been transferred to DWE President signed proclamation on 22 June

22 Transfer of marine aquaculture to DAFF - Proclamations 22

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24 Institutional arrangements Responsible Authorities DAFF (Freshwater & Marine Aquaculture, Veterinary Services, Farmer Support and Capacity Building); DST (development of adequate technology), DTI (support in the form of capital & business skills); DWAF (water use licensing), DoH (public health & safety), SABS and PDs of Environmental Affairs (EIAs), municipalities Advisory Forum Policy & Strategic Framework Freshwater & Marine Aquaculture Policies & Strategies Water Use Policy for Aquaculture Provincial Aquaculture Implementation Plans Industrial Policy Framework & Action Plan 24

25 Institutional arrangements (cont d) Legislative Framework National Environmental Management Act; Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act; Animal Diseases Act; Animal Improvement Act; Marine Living Resources Act; National Water Act Adherence to International Treaties & Conventions Aquaculture Sector Working Group (ASWG) Northern Aquaculture Working Group (NAWG) (FS, GP, LP, MP, NW) Southern Aquaculture Working Group (SAWG) (EC, KZN, NC, WC) DAFF Secretariat for ASWG Need to align policies, strategies, legislation, institutional arrangements etc Need to create internal capacity 25

26 Aquaculture facilities in the country Public diagnostic laboratories The Competent Authority has a MoU for diagnostics & research with Agricultural Research Council (ARC); Provincial Veterinary Diagnostic laboratories. Public research laboratories ARC, Sea Point Research Aquarium, Academic Institutions (Universities of Limpopo, Rhodes, Stellenbosch, Free State and Johannesburg). Private laboratories Rand Water, CSIR, Golden Vetpath Idexx, Molecular Diagnostic Services, Sterkspruit Veterinary Clinic and Amanzi Biosecurity. 26

27 Current freshwater projects 27

28 Provincial Aquaculture Programme (PAP) (DAFF-WRC) Provincial development plans Core focal provinces FS, KZN, LP, MP, NW Secondary interventions EC, WC,GP, NC Issues addressed Revitalisation of existing state facilities Institutional support for the Provinces Capacity building CPPP models Assist to farmers to penetrate markets 28

29 DAFF, DST, DWAE Collaborative Programme Tilapia-Catfish and HDPE cages in State Owned waterworks 7 provinces (excluding WC & GP) Preliminary results have shown that candidate species may not grow fast enough to make this viable Further work will look at other species and the development of an inland capture fisheries program 29

30 Capacity Building Programme Training of provincial officials: DAFF supported programme to take place at different State Hatcheries (Gariep, Turfloop, Makhatini etc.) Participation in other training programmes offered locally Training of farmers and other interested parties Employment of Aquaculture Officials within relevant Provinces to increase capacity to provide technical support to farmers 30

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32 Realities None of the dams in South Africa is suitable for the cage culture of Tilapia Tilapia fillets can be imported at prices below production costs in South Africa Some dams are suitable for cage culture of trout but this is largely dependent on conservation and biodiversity issues Species such as Carp may be more suitable for local food fish production This would require additional research and capacity building to improve production, processing and marketing This technology is available to South Africa through strategic partners such as China, Denmark and the United Kingdom 32

33 New challenges and opportunities Alternative freshwater species such as carp for cold water aquaculture ( Food fish for local consumption and processing ) Development of an inland fisheries sector using small, medium and large water bodies with a support infrastructure ( hatcheries) to maintain viable populations of fish 33

34 Threats to the South Africa Aquaculture Sector Limited capacities (expertise & aquaculture professionals) Lack of technical skills & support (Extension Services) High feed, equipment & technology costs Limited government support, veterinary services & disease management Lack of species choice & good seed stock Complex resource-based legislation Lack of marketing services & access to finance Climatic variability & seasonality Lunsklip Trout Farm near Lydenburg 34 Tilapia produced at Makhathini

35 Opportunities for the Aquaculture Sector in South Africa Good natural resources & infrastructure Demand for affordable alternative protein sources Aquaculture on Small-scale Trout farming with cages government agenda High potential for agricultural diversification Potential for export opportunities Linkages with tourism Growing economy & good economic climate Mussel farming activities 35 Large commercial Abalone farming

36 Current Aquaculture Development Programmes Revitalization/establishment of State-Owned Hatcheries Cage-culture Pilots in State-Owned Waterworks & coastal areas Capacity Building Programme for Scientists, Extension Officers, Veterinarians, Animal Health Technicians/Technologists & Inspectors Aquaculture development zones R&D on candidate culture species 36

37 International engagements China capacity building programme (freshwater) Norway capacity building programme (marine) Mozambique R&D Hungary R&D (ARC&DST) World Fish Centre R&D FAO - COFI Regional engagements in standard setting SADC, OIE, NEPAD 37

38 Thank you! 38