Innovation and knowledge exchange for organic farming
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1 Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL Innovation and knowledge exchange for organic farming Urs Niggli November 15, 2017
2 Contents The need for innovation. Pathways for research and innovation. Bottlenecks of best practice. How to foster best practice?
3 Organic agriculture is a sufficiency narrative Optimal combination of various strategies The new study shows how to optimally combine these various strategies to deal with conflicts of goals. Even if 60 % of agriculture would convert to organic farming, concentrated feed were reduced by 50 % and food waste by 50 %, it would result in a food system with significantly decreased environmental impacts, including lower overall greenhouse gas emissions, and only a marginal increase in agricultural land area. The consumption of animal products would need to decrease by about a third because less feed would be available. Muller, A., Schader, C., El-Hage Scialabba, N., Hecht, J., Isensee, A., Erb, K.-H., Smith, P., Klocke, K., Leiber, F., Stolze, M. and Niggli, U., 2017, Strategies for feeding the world more sustainably with organic agriculture, Nature Communications 8:1290 DOI: /s w
4 Research priorities: Plant breeding tailored to the needs of organic agriculture. plant fauna microbe interaction plant plant interaction plant soil microbe interaction Monika Messmer, FiBL
5 Research priorities: biocontrol with novel plant extracts, biocontrol organisms, physical methods and new application technology Screening of 3000 plant extracts against Venturia inaequalis and Plasmopara viticola spores in the lab (FiBL) Trichogramma wasps) against European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis).
6 Research priorities: organic digital farm?!? Autonomous field mini-/micro-robots. Precision agriculture which foster diversity. Application techniques for organic inputs. Open source data.
7 Research priorities: Corporate Data Quality Management? Better data of organic production and markets Further data sources (IACAS, GIS, weather data, organicxseeds etc.) Re-analysis of data of inspection bodies. Integration of data: Plausibility of noncompliance and risk analysis Application of process and product oriented analytical tools Application of multi- and hyperspectral imaging Application of sustainability assessment tools 22 November
8 Research priorities: herd management and holistic health strategies, breeding for robustness, bio-control, bioactive fodder plants Example right/above: Sheep endo-parasites (worms) 140 fungus species known attacking nematodes: Duddingtonia flagrans digesting a worm larvae
9 Research priorities: Food waste management and circular economy Consistency narrative ( cradle-to-cradle ): Organic as a leader Up-grade all waste (including human) to a raw material for the next production circle.
10 Research priorities: From organic food to organic diets (eating pattern). Look into what people drives.
11 Soil fertility and farm productivity: innovation best practice Ground beetles (Carabides) PGPR (Plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria) VAM (Mycorrhizal fungi) Factors of influence (by farmers): soil tillage crop rotation (organic & green) manuring xenobiotics
12 Soil fertility & plant health: best practice Legumes in arable crop rotations: best practice E.g. FP4 projects BlightMOB and FP5 project QLIF lifted the fog (example of a trial with potatoes and an increasingly complex combination of management option). Explored in several big EU and in many national projects.
13 Functional biodiversity Companion plants increase life span, fecundity and mobility of parasitoids in fields by factor 10 Centaurea cyanus Diadegma semiclausum Larvae parasitoid of Plutella, blackamond moth Céline Géneau, FiBL, 2008
14 Many pathways for triggering innovation
15 Innovation, best practice, access farmer knowledge Youtube channel FiBL 300 videos, 2,7 million visitors/accesses 22 November
16 Conclusions Organic needs a modern, critically weighing forward direction. Traditional, preserving strategies are mainly a chance for small farmers in urban and peri-urban regions. Potentials for progress in OF are huge. Differences in long-term goals of a variety of farming systems become less. Two speeds in organic and agro-ecological farming on the one hand and in (eco)efficient integrated and conventional farming systems on the other hand. The capacity and motivation of organic farmers to adopt best practice are a strength for a sustainable development of food and farming systems. 22 November
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