EFFICACY EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDE PROSARO AGAINST SCLEROTINIA DISEASE IN TURNIP RAPE

Transcription

1 2011 Herbicides, fungicides and insecticides EFFICACY EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDE PROSARO AGAINST SCLEROTINIA DISEASE IN TURNIP RAPE Study director: Ulla Heinonen Trial ID Variety Location Experimental starting and completion F Petita Ylistaro May 20 th and November 23 rd 2011 Purpose of trials: Evaluate the biological efficacy of the fungicide Prosaro against Sclerotinia disease in turnip rape SUMMARY The efficacy of the fungicide Prosaro (tebuconazole 125 g/l and prothioconazole 125 g/l) was tested in one trial in turnip rape. Prosaro was tested at doses 1.0 l/ha and 0.5 l/ha at normal spray time (BBCH 65) and with later spray time (BBCH 69) at dose 1 l/ha. An untreated control treatment was included in the trial. The trial was located to Ylistaro. The turnip rape trial was sown late on the 20th of May in Ylistaro. Summer was warm and the totally rain amount was higher than normal. The trial was sprayed at full flowering time (BBCH 65, 50% flowers on main raceme open) of turnip rape except the later spray treatment with Prosaro 1 l/ha was sprayed at end of flowering (BBCH 69). In the turnip rape trial the incidence of Sclerotinia disease was severe, in untreated plots 30% of the plants were healthy and 25% had severe attacks (plant more than 50% attacked or completely killed) of Sclerotinia disease (figure 1). All the tested fungicide treatments significantly increased the amount of healthy plants compared to the untreated plots: Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) 185%, Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65) 163% and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha 66%. Also all treatments significantly decreased the amount of moderate attacks compared to the untreated plots. The best control effects were achieved with Prosaro 1 l/ha with both application timing and these treatments significantly decreased the amount of the severe attacks of Sclerotinia disease compared to the untreated plots. Prosaro 0.5 l/ha had significantly weaker control effect against Sclerotinia diseases in moderate and severe disease severity classes and significantly less healthy plants compared to the Prosaro 1 l/ha with both application timing. Although the Sclerotinia disease level was high in the trial there was very low amount of sclerotia in the yield. None of the fungicide treatments significantly decreased the amount of sclerotia in the yield compared to the untreated plots (figure 2). The yield level was very low in the trial, only 593 kg/ha in the untreated plots. Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65) and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha significantly increased (51% and 34%, respectively) the turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots (figure 3). Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) did not significantly increased the turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots. There were no differences in 1000 seed weight in the trial. There were made the oil content analyze and determination of germination from untreated and all tested fungicide treatments. There were any differences in oil content in the trial. The germination of the yield with Prosaro 1.0 l/ha (BBCH 65) and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha were statistically on the same level than untreated plots germination in all germination classes (figure 4). The application with Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) significantly increased the amount of partial germination of turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots and Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65).

2 2011 Herbicides, fungicides and insecticides Figure 1. In the turnip rape trial the incidence of Sclerotinia disease was severe. All the tested fungicide treatments significantly increased the amount of healthy plants compared to the untreated plots: Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) 185%, Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65) 163% and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha 66%. All treatments significantly decreased the amount of moderate attacks. The best control effects were achieved with Prosaro 1 l/ha with both application timings and these treatments significantly decreased the amount of the severe attacks of Sclerotinia disease compared to the untreated plots. Prosaro 0.5 l/ha had significantly weaker control effect against Sclerotinia diseases in moderate and severe disease severity classes and significantly less healthy plants compared to the Prosaro 1 l/ha with both application timing. Prosaro 0.5 l/ha treatment did not statistically differ from the untreated plots in the amount of severe attacks. Figure 2. Although the Sclerotinia disease level was high in the trial there was very low amount of sclerotia in the yield. None of the fungicide treatments significantly decreased the amount of sclerotia in the yield compared to the untreated plots.

3 2011 Herbicides, fungicides and insecticides Figure 3. The yield level was very low in the trial. Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65) and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha significantly increased the turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots. The turnip rape yield with Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) treatment did not statistically differ from the untreated plot yield. Figure 4. The germination of the yield with Prosaro 1.0 l/ha (BBCH 65) and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha were statistically on the same level than untreated plots yield germination in all germination classes. The application with Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) significantly increased the amount of partial germination of turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots and Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65).

4 29/11/11 (F ) Confidential Trial Treatments Page 1 of 1 Efficacy of fungicide Prosaro against sclerotinia disease in turnip rape Trial ID: F Location: Ylistaro Protocol ID: F Trt Treatment Form Form Lot Rate Growth Appl No. Name Conc Type Code Rate Unit Stage Code 1 Untreated Check 2 Prosaro 250 EC ECE *1.0 1 l/ha 65 A -tebuconazole g AI -prothioconazole g AI 3 Prosaro 250 EC ECE * l/ha 65 A -tebuconazole g AI -prothioconazole g AI 4 Prosaro 250 EC ECE *1.0 1 l/ha 69 B -tebuconazole g AI -prothioconazole g AI Replications: 4, Untreated treatments: 1, Conduct under GLP/GEP: Yes (GEP with audit trail), Design: Randomised Complete Block, Treatment units: Treated plot size, Dry Form. Unit: g/kg, Treated plot size Width: 2 meters, Treated plot size Length: 7.27 meters, Application volume: 300 l/ha, Mix size: 3 litres, Format definitions: G-All7.DEF, G-All7.FRM

5 29/11/11 (F ) Confidential Site Description Page 1 of 3 Efficacy of fungicide Prosaro against sclerotinia disease in turnip rape Trial ID: F Location: Ylistaro Protocol ID: F General Trial Information Title: Research Scientist Affiliation: Postal Code: FI ulla.heinonen@mtt.fi Trial Location City: Seinäjoki Trial Status: ONE-YEAR/FINAL Postal Code: FI Initiation Date: 20/05/11 Country: FIN Planned Completion Date: 30/11/11 N -Latitude of LL Corner : E -Longitude of LL Corner : Map Reference: WGS84 Conducted Under GEP: X Guideline Description 1. PP 1/80(2) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on rape 2. PP 1/152(3) Design and analysis of efficacy evaluation trials 3. PP 1/181(3) Conduct and reporting of efficacy evaluation trials including GEP Objectives: Evaluation of the biological efficacy of fungicide Prosaro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in turnip rape. Conclusions: In the trial the incidence of Sclerotinia disease was severe, in untreated plots 30% of the plants were healthy and 25% had severe attacks (plant more than 50% attacked or completely killed) of Sclerotinia disease. All the tested fungicide treatments significantly increased the amount of healthy plants compared to the untreated plots: Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) 185%, Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65) 163% and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha 66%. Also all treatments significantly decreased the amount of moderate attacks compared to the untreated plots. The best control effects were achieved with Prosaro 1 l/ha with both application timing and these treatments significantly decreased the amount of the severe attacks of Sclerotinia disease compared to the untreated plots. Prosaro 0.5 l/ha had significantly weaker control effect against Sclerotinia diseases in moderate and severe disease severity classes and significantly less healthy plants compared to the Prosaro 1 l/ha with both application timing. Although the Sclerotinia disease level was high in the trial there was very low amount of sclerotia in the yield. None of the fungicide treatments significantly decreased the amount of sclerotia in the yield compared to the untreated plots. The yield level was very low in the trial, only 593 kg/ha in the untreated plots. Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65) and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha significantly increased (51% and 34%, respectively) the turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots. Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) did not significantly increased the turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots. There were no differences in 1000 seed weight in the trial. There were made the oil content analyze and determination of germination from untreated and all tested fungicide treatments. There were any differences in oil content in the trial. The Prosaro 1.0 l/ha (BBCH 65) and Prosaro 0.5 l/ha were statistically on the same level than untreated plots germination in all germination classes. The application with Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 69) significantly increased the amount of partial germination of turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots and Prosaro 1 l/ha (BBCH 65).

6 29/11/11 (F ) Confidential Site Description Page 2 of 3 Cooperator/Landowner Cooperator: MTT Phone No: Address 1: Alapääntie 104 Fax No: City: Ylistaro Postal Code: FI Crop Description Crop 1: BRSRO Brassica rapa oleifera Turnip rape Variety: Petita Description: seed treated with Elado BBCH Scale: BRAP Planting Date: 20/05/11 Planting Method: drilled Rate, Unit: 250 seed/m2 Depth, Unit: 1 cm Row Spacing, Unit: 12.5 cm Seed Bed: fine Soil Moisture: damp Harvest Date: 18/09/11 Harvest Equipment: Wintersteiger classi Harvested Width, Unit: 1.5 m Harvested Length, Unit: 7.27 m Weighing Equipment: Soehnle Professional Pest Description Pest 1 Type: D Code: SCLESC Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Common Name: Cottony rot Site and Design Plot Width, Unit: 2 M Site Type: field Plot Length, Unit: 7.27 M Tillage Type: conventional tillage Replications: 4 Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Previous Crops Previous Pesticides Year 1. barley Ratio + Tomahawk + Kestac spring wheat Ratio + Starane + Stereo barley Logran + Trio 2008 Maintenance Maintenance Rate No. Date Treatment Name Rate Unit 1. 20/05/11 YaraMila Y3 390 kg/ha 2. 07/06/11 Desic Mega 0.1 l/ha 3. 15/06/11 Galera 0.3 l/ha Dassoil 0.2 l/ha 5. 20/06/11 Agil 1.0 l/ha 6. 28/06/11 Desic Mega 0.2 l/ha Soil Description Texture: mould loam ph: 5.7 Moisture and Weather Conditions Closest Weather Station: MTT Ylistaro Distance: 3.6 Unit: km

7 29/11/11 (F ) Confidential Site Description Page 3 of 3 Application Description A B Application Date: 11/07/11 18/07/11 Time of Day: 9:00 9:00 Application Method: spray spray Application Placement: foliar foliar Applied By: VH, JH VH, JH Air Temperature, Unit: 18.2 C 18.0 % Relative Humidity: Wind Velocity, Unit: 1.8 m/s 0.7 m/s Dew Presence (Y/N): Y N Soil Moisture: wet damp % Cloud Cover: Crop Stage At Each Application A B Crop 1 Code, BBCH Scale: BRSRO BRAP BRSRO BRAP Stage Scale Used: BBCH BBCH Stage Majority, Percent: Height, Unit: 80 cm 90 cm Pest Stage At Each Application A B Pest 1 Code, Disc., Scale: SCLESC D SCLESC D Coverage, Unit: 0 % 0 % Application Equipment A B Appl. Equipment: EPO1 EPO1 Operating Pressure, Unit: 3 bar 3 bar Nozzle Type: Nozzle Size: Nozzle Spacing, Unit: 50 cm 50 cm Nozzles/Row: 4 4 Boom ID: 1 1 Boom Length, Unit: 2 m 2 m Boom Height, Unit: 50 cm 50 cm Ground Speed, Unit: 1 m/s 1 m/s Spray Volume, Unit: 300 l/ha 300 l/ha Mix Size, Unit: 3 l 3 l Propellant: air air

8 29/11/11 (F ) Confidential AOV Means Table Page 1 of 2 Efficacy of fungicide Prosaro against sclerotinia disease in turnip rape Trial ID: F Location: Ylistaro Protocol ID: F Pest Code SCLESC SCLESC SCLESC SCLESC SCLESC Crop Code BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP Part Rated PLANT PLANT PLANT PLANT PLANT SEED YIELD YIELD Rating Date 31/08/11 31/08/11 31/08/11 31/08/11 31/08/11 27/10/11 27/10/11 09/11/11 Rating Data Type HEALTHY <25 % % >50 % >50 % YIELD TKW SCLERO Rating Unit percent percent percent percent kg g number Sample Size Sample Size Unit plant plant plant plant ha seed g Number of Subsamples Footnote Number 6 2 ARM Action Codes T1 APOC T2 T3 T4 TL[8] T6 APOC T7 APOC T5 APC Trt Treatment Rate Appl No. Name Rate Unit Code Untreated Check 29.5 c 20.5 a 25.0 a 24.5 a 1.0 a 593 b a 12.5 a (100%) (100%) (100%) (0%) 2 Prosaro 1 l/ha A 77.5 a 19.0 a 2.0 c 1.5 c 0.1 b 894 a a 5.4 a (263%) (151%) (99%) (57%) 3 Prosaro 0.5 l/ha A 49.0 b 23.5 a 13.5 b 14.0 b 0.6 a 792 a a 10.7 a (166%) (134%) (104%) (14%) 4 Prosaro 1 l/ha B 84.0 a 11.5 a 2.5 c 2.0 c 0.1 b 625 b a 10.7 a (285%) (105%) (101%) (14%) LSD (P=.05) Standard Deviation CV Bartlett's X P(Bartlett's X2) * Replicate F Replicate Prob(F) Treatment F Treatment Prob(F) Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Student-Newman-Keuls) Column 1: T1 = [C1]/5*100 Column 2: T2 = [C2]/5*100 Column 3: T3 = [C3]/5*100 Column 4: T4 = [C4]/5*100 Column 5: TL[8] = LOG([8]+ 1) Footnote: An asterisk (*) after the Bartlett's P-value indicates, that the data of the column violates the assumption of homogeneity of variance. For that kind of data the analysis of variance and the multiple comparisons test are not valid. Sometimes a heterogeneous data can be made homogeneous by transformations (square root (SQR(x+0.5)), log (LOG(x+1)) or arcsine square root percent). If the Bartlett's test shows the original data heterogeneous, the multiple comparisons test (here log) of the transformed data is valid instead of the test of the original data. Column 6: T6 = *[C9]*(100-@AVGSUB([C13]))/91 Footnote: The grain yield and the 1000 seed weight were transformed to 9 % moisture content. Column 7: T7 = (100-@AVGSUB([C13]))*@AVGSUB([C11])/91 Column 8: T5 = [C14]/70*500

9 29/11/11 (F ) Confidential AOV Means Table Page 2 of 2 Efficacy of fungicide Prosaro against sclerotinia disease in turnip rape Trial ID: F Location: Ylistaro Protocol ID: F Pest Code Crop Code BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP Part Rated YIELD YIELD YIELD YIELD Rating Date 07/11/11 23/11/11 23/11/11 23/11/11 Rating Data Type OILCON no germinat partial ger GERMIN Rating Unit percent percent percent percent Sample Size Sample Size Unit Number of Subsamples 1 Footnote Number ARM Action Codes T8 T9 T10 Trt Treatment Rate Appl No. Name Rate Unit Code Untreated Check a 14.0 a 20.0 b 66.0 a 2 Prosaro 1 l/ha A a 12.5 a 20.5 b 67.0 a 3 Prosaro 0.5 l/ha A a 11.5 a 26.0 ab 62.5 a 4 Prosaro 1 l/ha B a 13.0 a 33.5 a 53.5 a LSD (P=.05) Standard Deviation CV Bartlett's X P(Bartlett's X2) Replicate F Replicate Prob(F) Treatment F Treatment Prob(F) Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Student-Newman-Keuls) Column 10: T8 = [C17]/([C17]+[C18]+[C19])*100 Column 11: T9 = [C18]/([C17]+[C18]+[C19])*100 Column 12: T10 = [C19]/([C17]+[C18]+[C19])*100