UCONEX Antimicrobials for Metalworking Fluids and Heat Transfer Systems UCONEX 345, 315 Antimicrobials CAS Reg. No

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1 Product Information UCNEX Antimicrobials for Metalworking Fluids and eat Transfer Systems UCNEX 345, 315 Antimicrobials CAS Reg. No General The UCNEX family of metalworking biocides consist of glutaraldehyde-based products which are extremely effective in controlling bacteria and fungi in aqueous metalworking fluids and heat transfer systems. The Dow Chemical Company offers several different UCNEX antimicrobial formulations that are ideally suited to meet the diverse demands of most metalworking fluids and heat transfer applications. Structure Physical Properties The following are typical properties of UCNEX antimicrobials; they are not to be considered product specifications. UCNEX 345 Appearance Transparent colorless Antimicrobial Active, % (w/w) C: to 4.5 Solubility in Water, 20 C: Miscible Boiling Point: C/213 F Freezing Point: C/1 F Specific 20/20 C: Vapor 20 C: mm g based on glutaraldehyde (0.27 hpa) UCNEX 315 Appearance Transparent colorless Antimicrobial Active, % (w/w) C: to 4.5 Solubility in Water, 20 C: Miscible Boiling Point: C/213 F Freezing Point: C/19 F Specific 20/20 C: Vapor 20 C: mm g based on glutaraldehyde (0.27 hpa) The UCNEX line of metalworking fluid biocides consists of UCNEX 345 Antimicrobial and UCNEX 315 Antimicrobial. These aqueous solutions of 45% and 15% glutaraldehyde, respectfully, are broad-spectrum biocides that can be effectively used over a wide range of p and temperature conditions. They are particularly well suited for use in the following applications. Page 1 of 6

2 Aqueous Metalworking Fluids (UCNEX 345 and 315 Antimicrobials) Bacterial and fungal contamination of metalworking fluids can lead to serious problems. Left unchecked, these microbes can contribute to biofilm formation that can give rise to odor problems, corrosion of metal surfaces and the deterioration of the metalworking fluid. nce biofilm slimes are present, it may be necessary to shut down the entire system for cleanup, leading to increased maintenance costs and expensive equipment down time. Adding a biocide that kills only planktonic (free-floating) microorganisms will frequently not solve the problems arising from biofilms. Unlike many other biocides, glutaraldehyde has consistently demonstrated the ability to penetrate and remove established biofilms and prevent their regrowth. UCNEX antimicrobials are typically used in slug doses of 90 to 270 ppm as active in metalworking fluids. To demonstrate the efficacy of UCNEX 345 Antimicrobial in different metalworking fluids, the following experiment was run. Concentrates of two different types of metalworking fluids were obtained and diluted 1:20 with tap water. They were then sterilized by autoclaving for 20 minutes at 121 C at 15 psi. Aliquots of the diluted fluids were then transferred to sterile culture flasks and UCNEX 345 Antimicrobial was added to achieve the concentrations shown below. These flasks were then inoculated with 0.1 ml of a mixed consortium of microbes isolated from a severely contaminated industrial metalworking fluid sample and shaken on a rotary shaker at room temperature. nce per week, additional UCNEX 345 Antimicrobial was added to each of the flasks at the initial concentration followed the next day with 0.1 ml of the original microbial consortium. Bacteria and fungi were assayed three times per week and the results are shown below. Efficacy of UCNEX 345 Antimicrobial in a Synthetic Metalworking Fluid UCNEX Addition Rate Bacterial Growth (CFU/mL) Fungal Growth (CFU/mL) (ppm actives/ After After week) Maximum 6 weeks Maximum 6 weeks 0 (control) 8.8 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 10 3 < x 10 2 < <10 2 <10 2 <10 2 <10 2 Efficacy of UCNEX 345 Antimicrobial in a Soluble il Metalworking Fluid UCNEX Addition Rate Bacterial Growth (CFU/mL) Fungal Growth (CFU/mL) (ppm actives/ After After week) Maximum 6 weeks Maximum 6 weeks 0 (control) 5.8 x x x x x 10 4 < x 10 3 < x 10 3 < x 10 2 < x 10 2 < x 10 2 < <10 2 <10 2 <10 2 <10 2 These results demonstrate that UCNEX 345 Antimicrobial was able to control the growth of both the bacteria and fungi in each of these metalworking fluids throughout the test period. Page 2 of 6

3 eat Transfer Systems (UCNEX 315 Antimicrobial) Pasteurizers, Bottle Warmers, Retorts and ydrostatic Cookers Cooling Towers Equipment used in food processing applications are susceptible to contamination by bacteria, fungi and yeast. The exact microbial population will depend upon a number of factors, including temperature and p. While the amount of microbial growth in pasteurizers may be minimal in the hottest compartments, the outer cooler areas of the pasteurizers, like bottle warmers, are particularly vulnerable to microbiological contamination. UCNEX 315 Antimicrobial is well suited for use in these food-processing applications because of its broad-spectrum efficacy and effectiveness over the wide temperature range found in these pieces of equipment. is non-ionic, and is compatible with the common scale and corrosion inhibitors used in pasteurizers and warmers. Lastly, since glutaraldehyde is compatible with the halogen-based oxidized biocides, a combination biocide program using glutaraldehyde and a halogen is an extremely efficacious and cost effective antimicrobial treatment. In Dairy Sweetwater Systems xidizing biocides, like chlorine, have been used quite extensively in dairy sweetwater systems. owever, when used at high concentrations, the corrosive nature of oxidizing biocides can lead to serious corrosion problems. eat exchange tubes may develop leaks that can allow sweetwater to leak into the milk and result in contaminated product. This scenario is expensive not only from a maintenance perspective (replacing tubes, system down time), but also from the loss of product. Internal laboratory testing by Dow resulted in lower corrosion to metals than the control of water applied in the testing on metals such as low carbon steel, galvanized steel and Galvaneal steel. Therefore, the use of glutaraldehyde does not lead to increased corrosion rates or to an increased demand for corrosion inhibitor. Since glutaraldehyde is compatible with oxidizing biocides, a combination biocide treatment program of glutaraldehyde and a halogen not only is extremely efficacious, it can also lower the cost of the overall water treatment program by reducing the amount of corrosion inhibitor required. UCNEX 315 Antimicrobial is typically used in heat transfer systems at 20 to 100 ppm as active. Compatibility The most important factor affecting the performance of the UCNEX antimicrobials in a metalworking fluid or heat transfer system is its chemical compatibility with other components of the system. While glutaraldehyde is compatible with most commonly used system additives (scale and corrosion inhibitors), there are some incompatibilities that should be noted. The following materials were tested for compatibility with glutaraldehyde and showed excellent compatibility results: ydrocarbon (mineral) oils Anionic and nonionic emulsifiers Phosphate esters Fatty esters Chlorinated hydrocarbons Amine terminated polyethylene glycols Tertiary amines and their salts Phenolics Benzotriazole Sulfurated hydrocarbons is incompatible with primary amines and ammonia. Secondary amines are not as problematic as primary amines, but if a secondary amine is present at high concentrations (>1000 ppm), care should be taken to add the glutaraldehyde at a distance Page 3 of 6

4 from the addition point of the secondary amine. Information is available which predicts the loss of glutaraldehyde from systems that contain ammonia. This information is helpful in anticipating the expected decrease in active glutaraldehyde concentration in systems that contain ammonia. Please contact your Dow Chemical representative for copies of this data. Application Summary The following are recommended uses for the UCNEX antimicrobial products. For specific directions for use, please refer to the EPA approved labels for these products. Application Aqueous Metalworking Fluids eat Transfer Systems Water-Based Conveyor Lubricants Purpose of Biocide To prevent the formation of biofilms and the generation of odors. To control microbial contamination, slime formation, and odors in heat transfer systems associated with food processing plants and other industrial cooling water systems (cooling towers, air washers, once-through systems, etc.) To control microbial contamination of lubricants used in beverage preparation and food processing systems. Recommended Product UCNEX 345 Antimicrobial UCNEX 315 Antimicrobial UCNEX 315 Antimicrobial UCNEX 315 Antimicrobial Typical Dosage Rate 40 to 300 ppm as active 20 to 100 ppm as active 50 to 300 ppm as active USDA Authorized and NSF Registered Clearances for UCNEX 315 G5 G7 P1 Treatment of cooling and retort water Treating boiler, steam line and/or cooling systems where neither the treated water nor the steam produced may contact edible food products Miscellaneous category Approval letter for UCNEX 315 states, This product is chemically acceptable for addition to water-based lubricants used where there is no possibility of food contact...must be used in a manner which prevents direct or indirect contamination of edible products. and the Environment % Biodegradation of in ECD 301A Test Many studies have been performed on glutaraldehyde to determine its potential to biodegrade in the environment. The ECD 301 series of biodegradation protocols are designed to determine the biodegradation potential of substances under stringent conditions. In one such biodegradation test, glutaraldehyde met and exceeded the ECD ready biodegradability classification criteria and thus was found to be readily biodegradable % Biodegradation % Threshold Sodium Benzoate Control GA Biodegradation Day Page 4 of 6

5 A study of the aquatic metabolism of glutaraldehyde in river water sediment under aerobic and anaerobic conditions was performed. The results, shown below, indicate that the metabolism of glutaraldehyde is rapid. Under aerobic conditions, the metabolism proceeds to complete mineralization with carbon dioxide as the principal metabolite. Under anaerobic conditions, only primary degradation is observed with the production of 1,5-pentanediol as the major metabolite. Both pathways of degradation are shown below. Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism T 1/2 in river water 10.6 hr. Carbon dioxide was major metabolite, with glutaric acid as intermediate Glutaric Acid C 2 Carbon Dioxide Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism T 1/2 in river water 7.7 hr. 1,5-Pentanediol was major metabolite 5-ydroxypentanal 1,5-Pentanediol The compiled ecotoxicology data indicates that glutaraldehyde is a readily biodegradable compound that has little environmental impact when handled and used properly. Due to its rapid metabolism and biodegradation under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, it has a favorable ecotoxicology profile. Complete details on the biodegradation tests mentioned above, as well as many other environmental fate and ecotoxicology tests that have been performed on glutaraldehyde, are summarized in a Dow Chemical publication entitled Ecotoxicology of (Form No ). Toxicology Toxicity of 50% Test ral Acute Toxicity Dermal Acute Toxicity Inhalation Eye Irritation Fish Toxicity Avian The following is a partial listing of toxicological data on glutaraldehyde, the active ingredient in the UCNEX antimicrobial products. For product safety information, refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS). For a complete discussion of the toxicology of glutaraldehyde, please ask your Dow Chemical sales representative for a copy of the booklet entitled Toxicology of (Form No ). Animal Rat male Rabbit Rat male and female Rabbit Rainbow Trout Bluegill Sunfish Sheepshead Minnow Bobwhite Quail See SDS for full safety information. Results LD ml 50% a.i./kg body wt. LD 50 = 2.54 ml 50% a.i. /kg 24 hour occluded. Necrosis at application site Dynamic generation of vapor, 4 hour = 16.3 ppm, room temperature. Mortality: 0/5 The no-effect concentration for eye irritation with glutaraldehyde-based solutions is 0.1%. The threshold for conjunctival irritation is 0.2 to 0.5%, and for corneal injury 0.5 to 1.0%. Eye injury is moderate at 2% and severe at 5% and above. Alkalinization may slightly enhance the degree of eye injury. 96r LC mg/l 96r LC mg/l 96r LC mg/l LC 50 >5000 mg/l Page 5 of 6

6 Safe andling, Storage, and Disposal Summary Product Stewardship When applying UCNEX antimicrobials, it is important to wear the appropriate protective equipment. This equipment includes proper gloves, chemical goggles, coveralls and when necessary, full-face respiratory equipment. An eyewash fountain should be located in immediate work area. Do not spray or aerosolize the undiluted form of the product. Full personal protective equipment (including skin covering and full-face SCBA respirator) is required for dilutions or mixtures of the product used in a spray application. Please refer to the product label for specific precautions and use directions. Further information and precautions regarding the handling, storage, and disposal of UCNEX antimicrobials can be obtained by consulting the latest Dow Safety Data Sheet and the Safe andling and Storage Guide (Form No ), available from your Dow representative. The UCNEX line of products are effective biocides that can provide microbial protection of heat transfer systems, metalworking fluids and water-based conveyor lubricants. The Dow Chemical Company offers the combination of proven efficacy of our glutaraldehyde-based products, along with both technical and customer service that ensures success in the use of our products. Put us to the test. Dow Biocides encourages its customers to review their applications of Dow Biocides products from the standpoint of human health and environmental quality. To help ensure that Dow Biocides products are not used in ways for which they are not intended or tested, Dow Biocides personnel are willing to assist customers in dealing with ecological and product safety considerations. Contact your representative if you need any assistance or information. When considering the use of any Dow product in a particular application, review the latest Safety Data Sheet and country-specific product label to ensure the intended use is within the scope of approved uses and can be accomplished safely. Before handling any of the products mentioned in the text, obtain available product safety information and take necessary steps to ensure safety of use. For further information visit our website: or call: United States (phone) and Canada: (phone) (fax) Europe: (phone) (phone) (fax) Pacific: (phone) (fax) (phone) (fax) Latin America: (phone) (fax) India: (phone) (fax) ther Global (phone) Areas: (fax) except Indonesia and Vietnam NTICE: No freedom from any patent owned by Seller or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one location to another and may change with time, Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate for Customer s use and for ensuring that Customer s workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other governmental enactments. Seller assumes no obligation or liability for the information in this document. N WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES F MERCANTABILITY R FITNESS FR A PARTICULAR PURPSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED. Please note that not all products are registered in all regions for all applications. Please contact your local Dow representative for detailed technical information applicable to your individual situation. USE BICIDES SAFELY. ALWAYS READ TE LABEL AND PRDUCT INFRMATIN BEFRE USE. Page 6 of 6