The Central Dogma: This explains how the information to make proteins is carried: DNA RNA proteins
|
|
- Della Dalton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 7.1 DNA and RNA
2 The Central Dogma: This explains how the information to make proteins is carried: DNA RNA proteins
3 Discovering DNA It was not always known that DNA contains all of the genetic material. These researchers all helped to identify DNA: Frederick Griffith Oswald Avery Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase Erwin Chargaff James Watson and Francis Crick (and Rosalind Franklin) Figured out that DNA is a double helix shape
4 Erwin Chargaff mid-1900s Studied properties of DNA and saw that DNA has 4 nitrogen bases: 1. Adenine (A) 2. Guanine (G) 3. Cytosine (C) 4. Thymine (T) Developed Chargaff s rules: Same amounts of adenine (A) and thymine (T) in DNA (A-T) Same amounts of cytosine (C) and guanine (G) in DNA (C-G)
5 Watson, Crick, & FRANKLIN James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with discovering the double-helix shape of DNA However, they stole the information from Rosalind Franklin. They were only able to figure out the double-helix shape after they looked at the pictures Franklin took.
6 What is DNA? DNA is responsible for the functions of all living things. The genetic material found in your cells Determines your characteristics and codes for proteins Proteins are the molecules that make the cells of all living things work. The information needed to create a protein is written in DNA. Without DNA, a cell could not create proteins. Without proteins, a cell could not function. DNA Structure & Function
7 DNA is made from 3 key ingredients What is DNA made from? 1. A base: there are four kinds of bases Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G) 2. Sugar molecules 3. Phosphate molecules phosphate Sugar and phosphate together form the backbone of the DNA molecule and hold the bases in place. DNA is made up of 2 strands (double helix) deoxyribose bases
8 Bases The bases in DNA are the molecules that actually create the code a cell reads in order to create a protein. There are 4 kinds of bases in DNA: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. The 4 bases are abbreviated by their first letter: A, T, C, G The combinations of these four bases are what create the genetic code.
9 DNA Structure DNA has 2 strands Each strand is made up of bases, sugars, and phosphates Each strand has a complementary base pair which connects the two strands
10 DNA Replication When the cell needs to copy its DNA, it will need to open up the DNA to read it. When DNA is in its ladder version, it is not able to be read. The DNA must first be opened in order to read it. The cell opens DNA using an enzyme This enzyme is a protein that opens DNA in the same way that your zipper tab opens a zipper.
11 Once DNA is opened, it can be duplicated (copied).
12 DNA Replication Steps Helicase unwinds DNA SSB proteins hold DNA open Primase adds primers to the DNA DNA Polymerase builds the DNA Ligase glues DNA segments together in the lagging strand only Segments = Okazaki fragments
13 How DNA is Copied A pairs with T C pairs with G Example: AGC TAG GAT CGA TTG TCA GCT TAG CTA TCG ATC CTA GCT AAC
14 Why do we care about DNA? DNA gives us options. By known how DNA works and how to change it, we can create more opportunities, including Make medicine from plants, animals, and other organisms Replacement of diseased or damaged organs (such as hearts or spinal cords) And many more!
15 RNA Stands for ribonucleic acid Once DNA has been replicated (copied), RNA is needed to read the DNA and tell the body which proteins to make DNA stays in the nucleus, but proteins are made on ribosomes in the cytoplasm of the cell RNA is needed to get information from DNA in nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm
16 RNA vs. DNA RNA DNA Single strand Has uracil (U) instead of thymine (T) A-U Ribose Leaves the nucleus Double stranded Uses thymine (T), not uracil A-T Deoxyribose Stays in the nucleus
17
18 Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mrna) Carries info from DNA to the cytoplasm Ribosomal RNA (rrna) Helps make ribosomes Transfer RNA (trna) Used to make proteins
19 Videos DNA Structure & Function DNA Replication
How do we know what the structure and function of DNA is? - Double helix, base pairs, sugar, and phosphate - Stores genetic information
DNA: CH 13 How do we know what the structure and function of DNA is? - Double helix, base pairs, sugar, and phosphate - Stores genetic information Discovering DNA s Function 1928: Frederick Griffith studied
More informationDNA vs. RNA B-4.1. Compare DNA and RNA in terms of structure, nucleotides and base pairs.
DNA vs. RNA B-4.1 Compare DNA and RNA in terms of structure, nucleotides and base pairs. Key Concepts l Nucleic Acids: l deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) l ribonucleic acid (RNA) l Nucleotides: l nitrogen base,
More informationMacromolecule Review
DNA: CH 13 Macromolecule Review Nucleic acid Monomer = nucleotide Polymer = DNA, RNA Function = genetic information Protein Monomer = amino acid Polymer = polypeptide Function = structure and chemical
More informationChapter 12 DNA & RNA
Chapter 12 DNA & RNA Experiments with Heredity Material Griffith s Experiments: injected mice with bacteria that cause pneumonia Concluded genetic info is transformed from one bacteria to another Avery
More informationDNA Structure and Replication, and Virus Structure and Replication Test Review
DNA Structure and Replication, and Virus Structure and Replication Test Review What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic Acid DNA is what type of macromolecule? DNA is a nucleic acid The building blocks
More informationwhat are proteins? what are the building blocks of proteins? what type of bond is in proteins? Molecular Biology Proteins - review Amino Acids
Molecular Biology The Study of Proteins and Nucleic Acids what are proteins? what are the building blocks of proteins? what type of bond is in proteins? Proteins - review functions include: catalysts for
More information2015 Biology Unit 4 PRACTICE TEST DNA, Structure, Function, Replication Week of December
Name: Class: Date: 2015 Biology Unit 4 PRACTICE TEST DNA, Structure, Function, Replication Week of 14-18 December 1. Which scientists figured out the three-dimensional structure of DNA by using a model
More informationDNA, RNA and protein synthesis
DNA, RNA and protein synthesis DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid DNA contains all the genetic instructions for making proteins within the cell. Each DNA molecule is made of repeating subunits called nucleotides.
More informationUnit 5 DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
1 Biology Unit 5 DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis 5:1 History of DNA Discovery Fredrick Griffith-conducted one of the first experiment s in 1928 to suggest that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic
More informationFrom Gene to Protein
8.2 Structure of DNA From Gene to Protein deoxyribonucleic acid - (DNA) - the ultimate source of all information in a cell This information is used by the cell to produce the protein molecules which are
More informationBiology Celebration of Learning (100 points possible)
Name Date Block Biology Celebration of Learning (100 points possible) Matching (1 point each) 1. Codon a. process of copying DNA and forming mrna 2. Genes b. section of DNA coding for a specific protein
More informationAdv Biology: DNA and RNA Study Guide
Adv Biology: DNA and RNA Study Guide Chapter 12 Vocabulary -Notes What experiments led up to the discovery of DNA being the hereditary material? o The discovery that DNA is the genetic code involved many
More informationUnit VII DNA to RNA to protein The Central Dogma
Unit VII DNA to RNA to protein The Central Dogma DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains information that determines inherited characteristics. A DNA molecule is shaped like a spiral staircase
More informationDNA RNA Protein. THE DISCOVERY AND STRUCTURE OF DNA (SB2a) What is DNA? SCIENTISTS WHEN? IMPORTANT DISCOVERY
DNA RNA Protein Notes THE DISCOVERY AND STRUCTURE OF DNA (SB2a) SCIENTISTS WHEN? IMPORTANT DISCOVERY Frederick Mieshcer Discovered in the white blood cells Phoebus Levene Oswald Avery Erwin Chargaff Alfred
More informationEssential Questions. DNA: The Genetic Material. Copyright McGraw-Hill Education
Essential Questions Which experiments led to the discovery of DNA as the genetic material? What is the basic structure of DNA? What is the basic structure of eukaryotic chromosomes? Vocabulary Review nucleic
More informationtranslation The building blocks of proteins are? amino acids nitrogen containing bases like A, G, T, C, and U Complementary base pairing links
The actual process of assembling the proteins on the ribosome is called? translation The building blocks of proteins are? Complementary base pairing links Define and name the Purines amino acids nitrogen
More informationDNA Replication. Packet #17 Chapter #16
DNA Replication Packet #17 Chapter #16 1 HISTORICAL FACTS ABOUT DNA 2 Historical DNA Discoveries 1928 Frederick Griffith finds a substance in heat-killed bacteria that transforms living bacteria 1944 Oswald
More informationII. DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid Located in the nucleus of the cell Codes for your genes Frank Griffith- discovered DNA in 1928
HEREDITY = passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring I. DNA, Chromosomes, Chromatin, and Genes DNA = blueprint of life (has the instructions for making an organism) Chromatin= uncoiled DNA
More informationDNA: The Primary Source of Heritable Information. Genetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next through DNA or RNA
DNA and Replication DNA: The Primary Source of Heritable Information Genetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next through DNA or RNA Chromosomes Non-eukaryotic (bacteria) organisms
More informationNucleic acids and protein synthesis
THE FUNCTIONS OF DNA Nucleic acids and protein synthesis The full name of DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid. Every nucleotide has the same sugar molecule and phosphate group, but each nucleotide contains one
More informationDNA. translation. base pairing rules for DNA Replication. thymine. cytosine. amino acids. The building blocks of proteins are?
2 strands, has the 5-carbon sugar deoxyribose, and has the nitrogen base Thymine. The actual process of assembling the proteins on the ribosome is called? DNA translation Adenine pairs with Thymine, Thymine
More informationDNA - DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
DNA - DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID blueprint of life (has the instructions for making an organism) established by James Watson and Francis Crick codes for your genes shape of a double helix made of repeating
More informationBiology. DNA & the Language of Life
Biology DNA & the Language of Life Genes are Made of DNA Fredrick Griffith (1928) studied pneumonia strains (one was harmless while the other was pathogenic, or disease-causing) Made non-harmful strains
More informationPurines vs. Pyrimidines
Introduction to Genetics/DNA Replication The DNA molecule is found in the nucleus and is composed of nucleotides The DNA Molecule Composed of 2 polymers of nucleotides Polymers are oriented in antiparallel
More informationDNA and RNA. Chapter 12
DNA and RNA Chapter 12 History of DNA Late 1800 s scientists discovered that DNA is in the nucleus of the cell 1902 Walter Sutton proposed that hereditary material resided in the chromosomes in the nucleus
More informationWrite: Unit 5 Review at the top.
Warm-up Take out a sheet of paper: Write: Unit 5 Review at the top. As each question goes on the board, write that question down and answer it. When answers come up, either write correct next to what you
More informationRoute to DNA discovery
Unit 6 All living things use DNA to pass genetic information to the next generation. Genetic information directs the development and homeostasis of organism through a process of translating the genetic
More informationChapter 13 - Concept Mapping
Chapter 13 - Concept Mapping Using the terms and phrases provided below, complete the concept map showing the discovery of DNA structure. amount of base pairs five-carbon sugar purine DNA polymerases Franklin
More informationUnit 6 Molecular Genetics
Unit 6 Molecular Genetics I. DNA and RNA structure pages 2-6 II. DNA replication pages 6-7 III. Protein Synthesis pages 7-10 South Dakota State Standard 9-12.L.1.1 Students are able to relate cellular
More informationResources. How to Use This Presentation. Chapter 10. Objectives. Table of Contents. Griffith s Discovery of Transformation. Griffith s Experiments
How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow with effects select View on the menu bar and click on Slide Show. To advance through the presentation, click the right-arrow key or
More informationNucleic Acids. The book of you. Nucleic Acids DNA RNA PROTEINS. Function: genetic material stores information genes blueprint for building proteins
ucleic Acids DA RA PRTEIS 1 The book of you 2 ucleic Acids Function: genetic material stores information genes blueprint for building proteins DA DA RA proteins transfers information blueprint for new
More informationChapter 16. The Molecular Basis of Inheritance. Biology Kevin Dees
Chapter 16 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Life s instructions!!!! Deoxyribonucleic Acid Nucleic acid polymer from nucleotide monomers Unique in that it can: Self replicate Carry information History
More informationBrief History. Many people contributed to our understanding of DNA
DNA (Ch. 16) Brief History Many people contributed to our understanding of DNA T.H. Morgan (1908) Frederick Griffith (1928) Avery, McCarty & MacLeod (1944) Erwin Chargaff (1947) Hershey & Chase (1952)
More information8.1. KEY CONCEPT DNA was identified as the genetic material through a series of experiments. 64 Reinforcement Unit 3 Resource Book
8.1 IDENTIFYING DNA AS THE GENETIC MATERIAL KEY CONCEPT DNA was identified as the genetic material through a series of experiments. A series of experiments helped scientists recognize that DNA is the genetic
More informationDNA Structure and Protein synthesis
DNA Structure and Protein synthesis What is DNA? DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid Chromosomes are made of DNA It carries genetic information: controls the activities of cells by providing instructions for making
More informationVocabulary: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) Gene Mutation
STUDENTS WILL: Identify the parts of a DNA molecule and its structure. Explain how DNA copies itself. Describe the structure and function of each kind of RNA. Vocabulary: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) RNA
More informationReplication Review. 1. What is DNA Replication? 2. Where does DNA Replication take place in eukaryotic cells?
Replication Review 1. What is DNA Replication? 2. Where does DNA Replication take place in eukaryotic cells? 3. Where does DNA Replication take place in the cell cycle? 4. 4. What guides DNA Replication?
More informationDNA, Replication and RNA
DNA, Replication and RNA The structure of DNA DNA, or Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is the blue prints for building all of life. DNA is a long molecule made up of units called NUCLEOTIDES. Each nucleotide is
More informationChapter 12 Notes DNA
Chapter 12 Notes DNA What makes up Genes? 3 teams of scientists answered this question. 1. Griffith Transformation 2. Avery DNA destroying protein 3. Hershey-Chase -- virus Griffith used bacteria 2 types
More informationDNA: The Molecule of Heredity
1 DNA: The Molecule of Heredity DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid Is a type of nucleic acid What chromosomes (and genes) are made of Made up of repeating nucleotide subunits 1 nucleotide looks like: Phosphate
More informationDNA and Replication 1
DNA and Replication 1 History of DNA 2 History of DNA Early scientists thought protein was the cell s hereditary material because it was more complex than DNA Proteins were composed of 20 different amino
More informationDNA. Discovery of the DNA double helix
DNA Replication DNA Discovery of the DNA double helix A. 1950 s B. Rosalind Franklin - X-ray photo of DNA. C. Watson and Crick - described the DNA molecule from Franklin s X-ray. What is DNA? Question:
More informationWednesday, April 9 th. DNA The Genetic Material Replication. Chapter 16
Wednesday, April 9 th DNA The Genetic Material Replication Chapter 16 Modified from Kim Foglia Scientific History The march to understanding that DNA is the genetic material T.H. Morgan (1908) Frederick
More informationDNA and RNA 2/14/2017. What is a Nucleic Acid? Parts of Nucleic Acid. DNA Structure. RNA Structure. DNA vs RNA. Nitrogen bases.
DNA and RNA Nucleic Acids What is a Nucleic Acid? Nucleic Acids are organic molecules that carry information needed to make proteins Remember: proteins carry out ALL cellular activity There are two types
More informationMarch 26, 2012 NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS MAIN MAIN TOPICS TOPICS TO TO BE BE COVERED COVERED THIS THIS UNIT: UNIT: I. I. EVIDENCE EVIDENCE OF OF DNA DNA AS AS THE THE GENETIC GENETIC CODE CODE II. II. DNA DNA
More informationTHE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DNA
THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DNA 1. DNA is our genetic code!!! It is passed from generation to generation. It carries information that controls the functions of our cells. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic
More informationDNA Structure. DNA: The Genetic Material. Chapter 14
DNA: The Genetic Material Chapter 14 DNA Structure DNA is a nucleic acid. The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides, each composed of: a 5-carbon sugar called deoxyribose a phosphate group (PO 4 ) a nitrogenous
More informationChapter 6. Genes and DNA. Table of Contents. Section 1 What Does DNA Look Like? Section 2 How DNA Works
Genes and DNA Table of Contents Section 1 What Does DNA Look Like? Section 1 What Does DNA Look Like? Objectives List three important events that led to understanding the structure of DNA. Describe the
More informationTo truly understand genetics, biologists first had to discover the chemical nature of genes
To truly understand genetics, biologists first had to discover the chemical nature of genes Identifying the structure that carries genetic information makes it possible to understand how genes control
More informationChapter 9. Topics - Genetics - Flow of Genetics - Regulation - Mutation - Recombination
Chapter 9 Topics - Genetics - Flow of Genetics - Regulation - Mutation - Recombination 1 Genetics Genome Chromosome Gene Protein Genotype Phenotype 2 Terms and concepts gene Fundamental unit of heredity
More informationDNA. Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
DNA Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid Biomolecules Remember 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Nucleic acids hold genetic information; code for proteins 4. Proteins History of DNA Who Discovered DNA Rosalind Franklin
More informationWhat happens after DNA Replication??? Transcription, translation, gene expression/protein synthesis!!!!
What happens after DNA Replication??? Transcription, translation, gene expression/protein synthesis!!!! Protein Synthesis/Gene Expression Why do we need to make proteins? To build parts for our body as
More informationVocabulary. Nucleic Acid Nucleotide Base pairing Complementary Template Strand Semiconservative Replication Polymerase
DNA and Replication TEKS (6) Science concepts. The student knows the mechanisms of genetics, including the role of nucleic acids and the principles of Mendelian Genetics. The student is expected to: (A)
More informationThe Molecular Basis of Inheritance
The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Scientific History The march to understanding that DNA is the genetic material T.H. Morgan (1908) Frederick Griffith (1928) Avery, McCarty & MacLeod (1944) Erwin Chargaff
More informationcopyright cmassengale 2
1 copyright cmassengale 2 History of DNA Early scientists thought protein was the cell s hereditary material because it was more complex than DNA Proteins were composed of 20 different amino acids in long
More informationGriffith Avery Franklin Watson and Crick
to. Protein Griffith Avery Franklin Watson and Crick Although Mendel understood that we inherit information, he didn t know how In 1928 Frederick Griffith was studying two forms of bacteria species One
More informationTHE COMPONENTS & STRUCTURE OF DNA
THE COMPONENTS & STRUCTURE OF DNA - How do genes work? - What are they made of, and how do they determine the characteristics of organisms? - Are genes single molecules, or are they longer structures made
More informationDNA/RNA STUDY GUIDE. Match the following scientists with their accomplishments in discovering DNA using the statement in the box below.
Name: Period: Date: DNA/RNA STUDY GUIDE Part A: DNA History Match the following scientists with their accomplishments in discovering DNA using the statement in the box below. Used a technique called x-ray
More informationSTUDY GUIDE SECTION 10-1 Discovery of DNA
STUDY GUIDE SECTION 10-1 Discovery of DNA Name Period Date Multiple Choice-Write the correct letter in the blank. 1. The virulent strain of the bacterium S. pneumoniae causes disease because it a. has
More information3.a.1- DNA and RNA 10/19/2014. Big Idea 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes.
3.a.1- DNA and RNA Big Idea 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes. EU 3.A: Heritable information provides for continuity of life. EU 3.B: Expression
More information3/10/16 DNA. Essential Question. Answer in your journal notebook/ What impact does DNA play in agriculture, science, and society as a whole?
DNA Essential Question. Answer in your journal notebook/ What impact does DNA play in agriculture, science, and society as a whole? 1 Benchmark SC.912.N.1.3, SC912.L16.9 Explain how & why the genetic code
More informationName Class Date. Information and Heredity, Cellular Basis of Life Q: What is the structure of DNA, and how does it function in genetic inheritance?
12 DNA Big idea Information and Heredity, Cellular Basis of Life Q: What is the structure of DNA, and how does it function in genetic inheritance? WHAT I KNOW WHAT I LEARNED 12.1 How did scientists determine
More informationStation 1: DNA Structure Use the figure above to answer each of the following questions. 1.This is the subunit that DNA is composed of. 2.
1. Station 1: DNA Structure Use the figure above to answer each of the following questions. 1.This is the subunit that DNA is composed of. 2.This subunit is composed of what 3 parts? 3.What molecules make
More informationThe Genetic Material. Unit 6: DNA & Protein Synthesis
Unit 6: DNA & Protein Synthesis The Genetic Material How was DNA discovered to be the chemical unit of heredity? Scientists already knew that chromosomes played a role in heredity, but the chemical composition
More informationChapter 16 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 16 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Chromosomes and DNA Morgan s experiments with Drosophila were able to link hereditary factors to specific locations on chromosomes. The double-helical model
More informationUnit 3 Part II: Modern Genetics p
Unit 3.notebook June 03, 2014 Unit 3 Part II: Modern Genetics p.568 569 This part of the unit will focus on DNA how it s structure was determined how it replicates and how it codes for proteins. Mar 21
More informationDNA The Genetic Material
DNA The Genetic Material 2006-2007 Chromosomes related to phenotype T.H. Morgan working with Drosophila fruit flies associated phenotype with specific chromosome white-eyed male had specific X chromosome
More informationChapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Name Period Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Concept 16.1 DNA is the genetic material 1. What are the two chemical components of chromosomes? 2. Why did researchers originally think that
More informationCHAPTER 16 MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
CHAPTER 16 MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE DNA as genetic material? Deducted that DNA is the genetic material Initially worked by studying bacteria & the viruses that infected them 1928 Frederick Griffiths
More informationDNA RNA PROTEIN SYNTHESIS -NOTES-
DNA RNA PROTEIN SYNTHESIS -NOTES- THE COMPONENTS AND STRUCTURE OF DNA DNA is made up of units called nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of three basic components:, called deoxyribose in DNA In DNA, there
More informationPowerPoint Notes on Chapter 9 - DNA: The Genetic Material
PowerPoint Notes on Chapter 9 - DNA: The Genetic Material Section 1 Identifying the Genetic Material Objectives Relate Griffith s conclusions to the observations he made during the transformation experiments.
More informationFrederick Griffith. Dead Smooth Bacteria. Live Smooth Bacteria. Live Rough Bacteria. Live R+ dead S Bacteria
Frederick Griffith Live Smooth Bacteria Live Rough Bacteria Dead Smooth Bacteria Live R+ dead S Bacteria Live Smooth Bacteria Frederick Griffith Live Rough Bacteria Dead Smooth Bacteria Live R+ dead S
More informationBacteriophage = Virus that attacks bacteria and replicates by invading a living cell and using the cell s molecular machinery.
Hershey-Chase Bacteriophage Experiment - 1953 Bacteriophage = Virus that attacks bacteria and replicates by invading a living cell and using the cell s molecular machinery. Bacteriophages are composed
More informationUNIT 3 GENETICS LESSON #41: Transcription
UNIT 3 GENETICS LESSON #41: Transcription Objective: Explain how transcription converts a gene into a singlestranded RNA molecule. Suppose you want to play a game but you need tokens and you only have
More informationUnit #5 - Instructions for Life: DNA. Background Image
Unit #5 - Instructions for Life: DNA Introduction On the following slides, the blue sections are the most important. Underline words = vocabulary! All cells carry instructions for life DNA. In this unit,
More informationOpening Activity. DNA is often compared to a ladder or a spiral staircase. Look at the picture above and answer the following questions.
Opening Activity DNA is often compared to a ladder or a spiral staircase. Look at the picture above and answer the following questions. 1. How is the structure of DNA similar to that of a ladder or spiral
More informationDNA: The Genetic Material. Chapter 14
DNA: The Genetic Material Chapter 14 The Genetic Material Frederick Griffith, 1928 studied Streptococcus pneumoniae, a pathogenic bacterium causing pneumonia there are 2 strains of Streptococcus: - S strain
More informationChapter 12 Reading Questions
Chapter 12 Reading Questions Name Section 11 In Frederick Griffith s experiment, what four substances were given to laboratory mice, and what was the result of each? 4. Which result was surprising, and
More informationMOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE C H A P T E R 1 6 as genetic material? Deducted that is the genetic material Initially worked by studying bacteria & the viruses that infected them 1928 Frederick Griffiths
More informationC A T T A G C nitrogenous complimentary G T A A T C G to each other
Name DNA RNA Review Worksheet Date 1. What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic acid 2. What is DNA s primary function? - Provides a pattern for protein manufacture - Provides a pattern for replication
More informationAP BIOLOGY RNA, DNA, & Proteins Chapters 16 & 17 Review
AP BIOLOGY RNA, DNA, & Proteins Chapters 16 & 17 Review Enzyme that adds nucleotide subunits to an RNA primer during replication DNA polymerase III Another name for protein synthesis translation Sugar
More informationRNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS DNA & RNA Genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell. The first step in decoding these genetic messages is to copy part of the nucleotide
More informationThe Genetic Material. The Genetic Material. The Genetic Material. DNA: The Genetic Material. Chapter 14
DNA: Chapter 14 Frederick Griffith, 1928 studied Streptococcus pneumoniae, a pathogenic bacterium causing pneumonia there are 2 strains of Streptococcus: - S strain is virulent - R strain is nonvirulent
More informationDNA/RNA STUDY GUIDE. Match the following scientists with their accomplishments in discovering DNA using the statement in the box below.
Name: Period: Date: DNA/RNA STUDY GUIDE Part A: DNA History Match the following scientists with their accomplishments in discovering DNA using the statement in the box below. Used a technique called x-ray
More informationLesson Overview Identifying the Substance of Genes
12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes Griffith s Experiments The discovery of the chemical nature of the gene began in 1928 with British scientist Frederick Griffith, who was trying to figure out how
More informationDNA Structure DNA Nucleotide 3 Parts: 1. Phosphate Group 2. Sugar 3. Nitrogen Base
DNA,, RNA,, AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid Enables cells to have different forms and perform different functions Primary functions of DNA: Store and transmit genetic information that tells
More informationChapter 8 From DNA to Proteins. Chapter 8 From DNA to Proteins
KEY CONCEPT Section 1 DNA was identified as the genetic material through a series of experiments. Griffith finds a transforming principle. Griffith experimented with the bacteria that cause pneumonia.
More informationNucleic Acids: DNA and RNA
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA Living organisms are complex systems. Hundreds of thousands of proteins exist inside each one of us to help carry out our daily functions. These proteins are produced locally,
More informationDNA and RNA. Chapter 12
DNA and RNA Chapter 12 Warm Up Exercise Test Corrections Make sure to indicate your new answer and provide an explanation for why this is the correct answer. Do this with a red pen in the margins of your
More informationGriffith and Transformation
In 1928, British scientist Fredrick Griffith was trying to learn how certain types of bacteria caused pneumonia. He isolated two different strains of pneumonia bacteria from mice and grew them in his lab.
More informationWhat can you tell me about DNA? copyright cmassengale 1
What can you tell me about DNA? copyright cmassengale 1 DNA and Replication copyright cmassengale 2 Credit for discovery of DNA is given to Watson & Crick 1 DNA DNA stands for deoxyribose nucleic acid
More informationMolecular Genetics I DNA
Molecular Genetics I DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid is the molecule that encodes the characteristics of living things. It is the molecule that is passed from a mother cell to daughter cells, and the molecule
More information12 1 DNA. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall:
12 1 DNA 1 of 37 http://www.biologyjunction.com/powerpoints_dragonfly_book_prent.htm 12 1 DNA Griffith and Transformation Griffith and Transformation In 1928, Fredrick Griffith was trying to learn how
More informationBundle 5 Test Review
Bundle 5 Test Review DNA vs. RNA DNA Replication Gene Mutations- Protein Synthesis 1. Label the different components and complete the complimentary base pairing. What is this molecule called? _Nucleic
More informationBiology. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Biology 1 of 37 12 1, 12.2 DNA 2 of 37 Griffith and Transformation Griffith and Transformation In 1928, British scientist Fredrick Griffith was trying to learn how certain types of bacteria caused pneumonia.
More informationCH_12_molecular_genetics_DNA_RNA_protein.notebook. February 08, DNA : The Genetic Material
Oswald very Identified the molecule that transformed the R strain into the S strain DN : The Genetic Material * fter Mendel, scientists knew that some kind of genetic material was located on chromosomes.
More informationDNA: The Secret of Life. Mendel s laws show the rules of heredity (1866, rediscovered in 1900) Inheritance occurs in packets of information
DNA: The Secret of Life Mendel s laws show the rules of heredity (1866, rediscovered in 1900) Inheritance occurs in packets of information Developments in the 20th century 1933: Thomas Hunt Morgan wins
More information2. Why did researchers originally think that protein was the genetic material?
AP Biology Chapter 13 Reading Guide The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Concept 13.1 DNA is the Genetic Material 1. What are the two chemical components of chromosomes? 2. Why did researchers originally
More informationExam: Structure of DNA and RNA 1. Deoxyribonucleic Acid is abbreviated: a. DRNA b. DNA c. RNA d. MRNA
Exam: Structure of DNA and RNA 1. Deoxyribonucleic Acid is abbreviated: a. DRNA b. DNA c. RNA d. MRNA 2. Which two scientists discovered DNA? a. Mendel and Newton b. Bohr and Crick c. Watson and Crick
More information3.1.5 Nucleic Acids Structure of DNA and RNA
alevelbiology.co.uk 3.1.5 Nucleic Acids 3.1.5.1 Structure of DNA and RNA SPECIFICATION Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are important information-carrying molecules. In all living
More information