Blockchain aus 2 Sichten

Transcription

1 AIT AUSTRIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Blockchain aus 2 Sichten Blockchain Village Workshop , Wien Dr. Ross King Senior Scientist Thematic Coordinator Data Science AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH

2 AIT: DIGITAL INSIGHT LAB

3 AIT AUSTRIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GMBH Federation of Austrian Industries 49,54% Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology 50,46% Employees Budget: 140 M Business Model: 40:30:30 3

4 CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES IN THE 21ST CENTURY Supply Chains Modern critical infrastructures are complex networks Communication Energy Finance Industry 4.0 4

5 CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES IN THE 21ST CENTURY AIT Digital Insight Lab Goals Understand complex networks Identify and mitigate systematic risk Support data-based decision making AIT Digital Insight Lab Tools Big Data storage and processing Machine learning and Deep Neural Networks Scalable network analytics 5

6 SICHT 1: ANALYSE VIRTUELLE WÄHRUNGEN

7 VIRTUELLE WÄHRUNGEN One of the earliest and most widely deployed Blockchain applications An attempt to garner the benefits of fiat currencies with Improved privacy Lower transaction costs No central authority No regulation, legislation, or oversight No trusted third-parties No real identities (no KYC or KYB principle) Multiple generated addresses Applications ecommerce Examples Bitcoin, Litecoin, Monero, ZCash New York Crypto-Currency Convention

8 VIRTUELLE WÄHRUNGEN Presently 877 currencies tracked January: 642 Up from 3G$ since last year Total Market Capitalization: ca. 100 G$ January: 11G$ last year 4G$ Up from 14G$ since January!

9 BITCOIN Bitcoin is different from other currency systems: no pre-assumed identities no central authority, no trusted third parties collective transaction management (Blockchain) collective money issuance (mining) This difference can offer significant social benefits e-commerce Handelsfreiheit Access to the economy for billions of unbanked However, this difference also makes it appealing for criminal activities 9

10 BITCOIN virtual currencies such as Bitcoin establish themselves as single common currency for cybercriminals Europol 2015 Internet Organized Crime Threat Assessment Report 10

11 BITCOIN Bitcoin is [ ] accounting for over 40% of all identified criminal-to-criminal payments. Europol 2015 Internet Organized Crime Threat Assessment Report 11

12 AIT EXPERTISE: TECHNISCHER ANSATZ Challenges Privacy Scalability Data Enrichment Data Exchange Mixing Services Cross-ledger Analytics Next generation VCs 12

13 AIT BLOCKCHAIN ANALYSE WERKZEUG 13

14 SICHT 2: SMART CONTRACTS FÜR EIN DATENÖKOSYSTEM

15 DATA MARKET AUSTRIA (FFG IKT DER ZUKUNFT LEITPROJEKT) The FFG and BMVIT are funding the creation of a Data-Services Ecosystem in Austria with 2.5 million. A consortium around leading Austrian research centres, universities, and industrial stakeholders will focus on the application fields of: Earth Observation / Erdbeobachtung Mobility / Mobilität Project Start: October 2016 Project Duration: 3 Years Project Coordinator: Research Studios Austria (Dr. Allan Hanbury) AIT leads WP5 Data Technology Foundation 15

16 DATA MARKET AUSTRIA (FFG IKT DER ZUKUNFT LEITPROJEKT) Business, Community and Regulatory Aspects Interoperable Cloud Technology Foundation Pilots and Data 16

17 DATA MARKET AUSTRIA (FFG IKT DER ZUKUNFT LEITPROJEKT) Goals 1. Advance Technology Foundations: Research and develop the technology foundations building on blockchain technology in the areas of data handling, services and brokerage for the Austrian Data-Services Ecosystem, advancing the state-of-the-art in these areas. 2. Interconnect Clouds: Develop the technology for interconnecting existing clouds to allow transparent but controlled access to distributed services, and to public and proprietary data through the Data Market Austria Portal. 3. Create a Data Innovation Environment: Build a community of stakeholders (SMEs, start-ups, large enterprises, academics, public administration) around the Data-Services Ecosystem that operate in a clearly regulated environment using innovative business models that ensure the long-term sustainability of the Data-Services Ecosystem beyond the end of the funding period. 4. Persuade with Pilots: Demonstrate the reuse of data and services and resulting value generated through innovative applications built on multiple open and proprietary data sources in the Austrian Data-Services Ecosystem within ICT for Space and Mobility Pilots. 17

18 DATA MARKET AUSTRIA (FFG IKT DER ZUKUNFT LEITPROJEKT) Goals 1. Advance Technology Foundations: Research and develop the technology foundations building on blockchain technology in the areas of data handling, services and brokerage for the Austrian Data-Services Ecosystem, advancing the state-of-the-art in these areas. 2. Interconnect Clouds: Develop the technology for interconnecting existing clouds to allow transparent but controlled access to distributed services, and to public and proprietary data through the Data Market Austria Portal. 3. Create a Data Innovation Environment: Build a community of stakeholders (SMEs, start-ups, large enterprises, academics, public administration) around the Data-Services Ecosystem that operate in a clearly regulated environment using innovative business models that ensure the long-term sustainability of the Data-Services Ecosystem beyond the end of the funding period. 4. Persuade with Pilots: Demonstrate the reuse of data and services and resulting value generated through innovative applications built on multiple open and proprietary data sources in the Austrian Data-Services Ecosystem within ICT for Space and Mobility Pilots. 18

19 DATA MARKET AUSTRIA: BLOCKCHAIN VORTEILE Veracity How can we be sure about the source of data? A Blockchain provides an indelible transaction history (provenance) Integrity How can we be sure that data has not been changed? A Blockchain makes use of hash algorithms to ensure integrity Sustainability How do we avoid dependencies on single organizations? A Blockchain provides a decentralized, peer-to-peer backbone 19

20 DATA MARKET AUSTRIA: BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIE Criteria Open Source Licensing Maturity of Development Community Support Smart Contract Support Image from: Ethereum GPLv3 License Proposed in 2013, online since 2015 Extremely active Community Turing-complete Smart Contract language is its main USP Drawbacks Proof of work consensus Additional complexity of Ether or gas Anti-scaling property 20

21 ETHEREUM SMART CONTRACTS Actors (organisations, persons) have Addresses in the Blockchain Contracts are programs, and they have addresses too! Contracts are distributed to every Blockchain node Only Actors can initiate a Contract function BUT Contracts can invoke other Contracts When Contracts are executed, they are executed on every node Using the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) from: 21

22 DATA MARKET AUSTRIA PRIVATE BLOCKCHAIN Bootnode Member Node License Contract Dataset Contract Dataset Candidate Node Membership Contract Service Externally Owned Account (EOA): 0x168bc315a2ee09042d83d7c5811b f67 License Contract Service Contract User (Actor) 22

23 IN CONCLUSION

24 BLOCKCHAIN IST EIN HYPE-THEMA 24

25 BLOCKCHAIN IST EIN HYPE-THEMA but Blockchains have real potential in some areas 25

26 ANDERE AIT BLOCKCHAIN TÄTIGKEITEN Researching the application of Blockchains for procurement processes the aviation industry the music industry energy markets border control... 26

27 DANKE FÜR IHRE AUFMERKSAMKEIT! Dr. Ross King