Communications & Situational Awareness

Transcription

1 Communications & Situational Awareness

2 This morning s program 1. Processing Weather and Power Grid Data using advanced Data analytics and GIS framework 2. Advanced visualisation strategies for network operation 3. The Smartgrid Architecture Model (SGAM) and its application for Information System Design Coffee Break 4. GoalArt system proven during outage 5. Two level automatic Voltage controller for SCE 6. Key Technologies of Management Function Integrated into Real-Time system in Distribution Automation System 7. Real-time and short term load forecast assessment of power grid operating limits - SUMO

3 Communications & Situational Awareness: DSO or TSO issue? Lars Nordström KTH Royal Institute of Technology EE #16

4 Outline What is the problem? Communcation Systems and their architecture Access to Data and the apps that use it

5 Operations & Control ICCP SCADA AGC IEC104 RTU EMS DNP3 State Estimation OPF WAMS Restorative Normal Alerted Emergency

6 Protection & Automation SV PMU Differential Protection IED IEC61850 DFR GOOSE OC protection AVR

7 Customer Premises DR EVs DSM EMS Batteries AMR BACnet Multi Utility Heat Pumps Smart Meter

8 Planning & Asset Management CBM RCM OPF N-x OTS GIS Expansion Planning

9 Integrated Systems

10 The unbundled power market - in theory GenCo GenCo GenCo GenCo Wholesale level - Transmission BRP BRP Retailer Retailer Customer Aggregators Retail level - Distribution Aggregators Customer Customer Customer Customer

11 The unbundled power market in practice Area 2 Area 4 Area 5 Area 1 Area 3

12 Integrated Systems2

13 Two concerns emerge from this image Access to data and the Apps that use it Communication Systems and their architecture

14 What is making us change? Increased Power System variability Variability in previously stable and predictable quantities like voltage, power flow, frequency and prices increase due to large quantities of renewables. Increased efficiency Constant push to reduce operational costs, technical losses and environmental impact from shareholders and regulators. Business chain separation Unbundling and re-regulation is separating the business chain from generation to consumption creating addtional actors all leading to increased need for coordination, communcation & control. Ubiquity of computing Computing (and communcation) capabilites are available at low costs everywhere with high capability.

15 In Computer Science The Cathedral & the Bazaar Eric S. Raymond

16 Or in Power Systems terms..

17 The DSO advantage DSOs are under a tighter regulatory regime than many TSO/ISOs cost pressure is tighter from regulators DSOs have fewer engineers and experts on staff, The market for DSO systems has 100+ vendors, compared with TSO market that has. 5? Distribution Systems are Huge you simply cannot measure everything everywhere DSOs are much more likely than their bigger brothers to try new architectures and technologies, simply because they have to. Q.E.D.

18 The DSO as a Neutral Market facilitator Essentially building the marketplace where the Bazaar can take place (This is Lars talking, not EDSO4Smartgrids) Source: EDSO4Smartgrids Data Management: The role of Distribution System Operators in managing data, June 2014

19 A small example - Smart Operator Fully Automated Load Management in the LV grid Developed by RWE Germany, due to real challenges in LV Balancing of load & PV to manage congestion and voltage Source:

20 Tools for building the new architectures Smartgrids Reference Architecure Model -

21 So for the Architectures Stop building cathedrals Enable applications through standards, open data and robust platforms. Do not put a man in the middle - there is no middle. If a computer can do it, let it. Watch out for what is happening at DSOs with regards to architectures & new technologies

22 Access to data and the Apps that use it Communication Systems and their architecture

23 What is making us change? Increased Power System variability Variability in previously stable and predictable quantities like voltage, power flow, frequency and prices increase due to large quantities of renewables. Increased efficiency Constant push to reduce operational costs, technical losses and environmental impact from shareholders and regulators. Business chain separation Unbundling and re-regulation is separating the business chain from generation to consumption creating addtional actors all leading to increased need for coordination, communcation & control. Ubiquity of computing Computing (and communcation) capabilites are available at low costs everywhere with high capability.

24 Forecasting & Awareness The more uncertain the future, the more effort we have to spend forecasting & predicting. Two factors are helping us along the way 1. Data is becoming more easily accessible Standards are helping! General prolieration of data (weather, irradition, wind..) 2. Computing power is cheap.

25 Forecasting to create Awareness Temporal We need to better understand when load or production will happen. Spatial We need to better understand where load or production will happen. Not too hard Lots of data Lots of methods Harder Lots of data Lots of unknowns Behavioral End-user behavior is a fundamental factor shaping both spatial and temporal aspects Less well understood Lots of work remains

26 Frequency Quality an example Poor load forecasts have been identified as a contributing factor. BRP simply cannot predict well enough the anticipated load, leading to imbalances. A clear case for load forecasting including the new types of loads (PV & Heatpumps)

27 Load forecasting including behaviour C. Sandels, J. Widén, L. Nordström. Forecasting household consumer electricity load profiles with a combined physical and behavioral approach. Elsevier; Applied Energy. 2014; 131:

28 This morning s program 1. Processing Weather and Power Grid Data using advanced Data analytics and GIS framework 2. Advanced visualisation strategies for network operation 3. The Smartgrid Architecture Model (SGAM) and its application for Information System Design Coffee Break 4. GoalArt system proven during outage 5. Two level automatic Voltage controller for SCE 6. Key Technologies of Management Function Integrated into Real-Time system in Distribution Automation System 7. Real-time and short term load forecast assessment of power grid operating limits - SUMO