Insulation and Technologies

Transcription

1 Interior Design Technology Insulation and Technologies By, Mrs. Noshaba Maryam Chapter Six

2 Building insulation refers broadly to any object in a building used as insulation for any purpose. While the majority of insulation in buildings is for (1)thermal purposes, the term also applies to (2) acoustic insulation, (3) fire insulation. Thermal insulation can refer to materials used to reduce the rate of heat transfer, or the methods and processes used to reduce heat transfer.

3 How heat is lost from a house

4 25% of the heat is lost through the roof

5 25% of the heat is lost through the roof 15% of the heat is lost through the windows

6 25% of the heat is lost through the roof 15% of the heat is lost through the windows Draughts, 15%

7 25% of the heat is lost through the roof 15% of the heat is lost through the windows Draughts, 15% Into ground, 15%

8 25% of the heat is lost through the roof Walls, 30% 15% of the heat is lost through the windows Draughts, 15% Into ground, 15%

9 How heat is kept in a house

10 10cm of fibre glass insulation reduces heat loss through the roof by 75%

11 10cm of fibre glass insulation reduces heat loss through the roof by 75% Fill the cavity in the walls with foam and reduce heat loss by 50%

12 10cm of fibre glass insulation reduces heat loss through the roof by 75% Double glazing can reduce heat loss from the windows by 50% Fill the cavity in the walls with foam and reduce heat loss by 50%

13 10cm of fibre glass insulation reduces heat loss through the roof by 75% Double glazing can reduce heat loss from the windows by 50% Fill the cavity in the walls with foam and reduce heat loss by 50% Draught excluders are cheap and stop heat loss

14 10cm of fibre glass insulation reduces heat loss through the roof by 75% Double glazing can reduce heat loss from the windows by 50% Fill the cavity in the walls with foam and reduce heat loss by 50% Solid concrete floors lose only half as much heat as wooden ones. Draught excluders are cheap and stop heat loss

15 Insulation Applications Maintaining temperature control Controlling flame spread Controlling sound transmission

16 TYPES OF INSULATION

17 Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation A two component mixture comes together at the tip of a gun, and forms an expanding foam that is sprayed onto concrete slabs, into wall cavities of an unfinished wall, against the interior side of sheathing, or through holes drilled in sheathing or drywall into the wall cavity of a finished wall. sometimes also called Foamed-In-Place Insulation

18 Rigid panels/insulation Rigid panel insulation is made from fibrous materials (fiberglass, rock and slag wool) or from plastic foam. They are sometimes sold in sections designed to fit tightly in standard wall cavities.

19 Insulated Concrete Forms ICFs are hollow, light-weight "stay in place" forms made of two Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) panels which are connected by polypropylene webs. During construction, the forms are stacked to the desired height then filled with concrete making stable, durable and sustainable walls.

20 Structural insulated panels Structural insulated panels (SIPs), also called stressed-skin walls, use the same concept as in foam-core external doors, but extend the concept to the entire house. They can be used for ceilings, floors, walls, and roofs. The panels usually consist of plywood, OSB, sandwiched around a core of expanded polystyrene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, compressed wheat straw, or epoxy.

21 Oriented strand board, (OSB) or Sterling board (UK), is an engineered wood product formed by layering strands (flakes) of wood in specific orientations.

22 Blanket Insulation made from fibrous materials like mineral wool, wood fiber, cotton fiber or animal hair and manufactured to form a mat with thickness of ½ 4. Some installed with vinyl cardboard or wire mesh and is stapled to sides and edges of studs and joists.

23 Batt Insulation Batts are precut, whereas blankets are available in continuous rolls.

24 Components of Batt and Blanket Insulation Fiberglass is a material made from extremely fine fibers of glass. Made from molten glass, usually with 20% to 30% recycled industrial waste and post-consumer content. Rock and slag wool. Usually made from rock (basalt, diabase) or iron ore blast furnace slag. Some rock wool contains recycled glass. Nonflammable.

25 Rock and slag wool

26 Loose Fill Cellulose is 100% natural and 75-85% of it is made from recycled newsprint. a. Fibrous Type from mineral wool rock, glass wool, slag wool or vegetable fiber usually of wood fiber. b. Granular Insulation from expanded minerals like perlite, vermiculite or ground vegetable matter.

27 Reflective Insulation Consists of 2 layers of 99% aluminum foil laminated to the outsides of 2 sheets of heavy-duty polyethylene air-bubble cushioning.

28 Corrugated Insulation from paper formed into shapes that produced enclosed air pockets into small regular semi circular corrugations and covering both sides with sheet of flat paper to give strength and produce the air pockets.

29 Sound Insulation (Soundproofing) is any means of reducing the intensity of sound with respect to a specified source and receptor. Soundproofing affects sound in two different ways: noise reduction and noise absorption.

30 Fire Insulation (Fireproofing) refers to the act of making materials or structures more resistant to fire, or to those materials themselves, or the act of applying such materials. Example of spray fireproofing, using a gypsum based plaster in a low-rise industrial building. The plaster provides a layer of insulation to retard heat flow into structural steel elements, that would otherwise lose their strength and collapse in an accidental fire.

31 Technology in the Home Improved appliances and heating / cooling systems Appliances are more automated, more convenient, save more energy What kind of smart appliances would you like to see developed? Lighting: fluorescent lighting is more energy efficient, solar lighting, LED (light emitting diode) use less than ¼ of the electricity used on a fluorescent lamp

32 Technologically Advanced Home

33 Technology in the Home Programmable heating and cooling is an automatic thermostat to adjust temperatures during the day and night; house divided into zones Entertainment: more channels, better reception, continually changing Communication: computer use, picture frames, electronic organizer Security: electronic door locks, biometrics reads the physical characteristics of a person to allow entry, motion lights, closed-circuit television

34 Where is the technology in the home?