AN OVERVIEW OF OECD WORK ON BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEMS

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1 AN OVERVIEW OF OECD WORK ON BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEMS Katia Karousakis, CBW Division, Environment Directorate CRP meeting, 1 December 2014

2 OECD work on biodiversity conservation and sustainable use Economics of and Policies for Biodiversity Environmental Effectiveness Economic Efficiency Distributionally Equitable Key areas of OECD work on biodiversity and ecosystems: Biodiversity Indicators, Valuation and Assessment Economic Instruments, Incentives and Policies for Biodiversity Biodiversity Finance, Development and Distributional Issues

3 A bit of history OECD has been working on the economic aspects of biodiversity since 1993 Handbook of Incentive Measures for Biodiversity: Design and Implementation, 1999 Handbook of Biodiversity Valuation: A Guide for Policy Makers, 2002 Handbook of Market Creation for Biodiversity: Issues in Implementation, 2004 People and Biodiversity Policies: Impacts, Issues and Strategies for Policy Action, 2008

4 Recent Recent and on-going OECD work on biodiversity Promoting Biodiversity Co-Benefits in REDD. ENV WP no. 11 (2009) Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (2010) Biodiversity chapter in OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050 (2012) Scaling Up Finance Mechanisms for Biodiversity (2013) The Role of National Ecosystem Assessments in Influencing Policy- Making. ENV WP no. 60 (2014) On-going ( ) Biodiversity Policy Response Indicators Biodiversity Offsets: Effective Design and Implementation

5 Biodiversity Offsets: Effective Design and Implementation Part 1: Overview Biodiversity Offsets: An Introduction No Net Loss and the Mitigation Hierarchy The Economics of Biodiversity Offsets Institutional Frameworks for Biodiversity Offsets Effective Design and Implementation Part 2: In-depth case studies Compensatory Mitigation and Wetland Banking in the US Compensation Measures in Germany: Impact Mitigation in Hessen The Environmental Compensation Scheme for Land Use Change in Forested Areas in Mexico Part 3: Good practice insights and conclusions

6 Other biodiversity relevant work across the OECD Biodiversity chapters in the Environmental Performance Reviews E.g., Mexico, South Africa, Colombia, Sweden, Poland, Spain Biodiversity and development OECD tracks bilateral aid in support of biodiversity (Rio markers) Biodiversity and agriculture e.g. payments and markets for biodiversity in agriculture Biodiversity and fisheries e.g. marine biodiversity in the context of fisheries

7 Planned OECD work on biodiversity ( ) Biodiversity and Development with a workshop on February 18, 2015 ODA and finance; mainstreaming; trade-offs and synergies; managing for results The Economics of Marine Biodiversity with a workshop in 2016 (Spring, TBC) Economics of marine biodiversity costs and benefits; policy instruments for effective management, including spatial planning; financing; governance and institutional issues. Barriers to Effective Biodiversity Policy Reform Distributional issues; competitiveness issues; informational asymmetry; other

8 Key messages Without renewed efforts to halt the loss of biodiversity, a further 10% decline is projected globally between 2010 and 2050 Continuing with business-as-usual will have adverse and costly impacts on human well-being, security and economic growth Policies need to better reflect the true value provided by biodiversity and ecosystem services Priorities for action include: Reform or remove environmentally harmful subsidies Scale up instruments for conservation and sustainable use including those on the private sector Improve data, metrics and indicators, including economic valuation Mainstream biodiversity into other sectors of the economy Source: OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050

9 For further information Please see our brochure.and visit our website Contact: Katia Karousakis