The Late Cold War Era: U.S. II 8 c; 9d

Transcription

1 The Late Cold War Era: U.S. II 8 c; 9d

2 U.S. II 8 c; 9d

3 U.S. II 8 c; 9d

4 In the United States we refer to this conflict as the Vietnam War

5 In Vietnam, citizens refer to this conflict as the American War

6 What do Americans Think? p16 First TV War American Journey Video

7 Stages of the War p. 17

8 Stages of the Vietnam War The French Phase U.S. Advisors Escalation

9 The Tet Offensive The Tet Offensive was a series of surprise attacks by the Viet Cong (rebel forces sponsored by North Vietnam) and North Vietnamese forces, on scores of cities, towns, and hamlets throughout South Vietnam. It was considered to be a turning point in the Vietnam War. The attacks began on January 31, 1968, the first day of the Lunar New Year, Vietnam's most important holiday. It took weeks for U.S. and South Vietnamese troops to retake all of the captured cities, including the former imperial capital of Hue. Aftermath American spokesmen initially described the Tet offensive as a failure for the Viet Cong, pointing to their retreat and staggering casualties. But when General William Westmoreland reported that completing the Vietcong's defeat would necessitate 200,000 more American soldiers and require an activation of the reserves, even loyal supporters of the war effort began to see that a change in strategy was needed.

10 The Tet Offensive To a growing segment of the American public, Tet demonstrated the resolve of the Vietcong and the tenuous control South Vietnam had over its own territory. It also helped unite those at home in their dissenting opinions of the war.

11 Stages of the Vietnam War Vietnamization The End

12 THE COST OF WAR

13 Of the 2.7 million Americans that served in the Vietnam war 300,000 were wounded in action 75,000 were disabled Of the casualties listed on The Wall, approximately 1,300 remain missing in action 58,129 were killed The average age was 19

14 On the Vietnamese side it is estimated 1.1 million North Vietnamese and Viet Cong (Southern resistance soldiers) were killed Over 2 million North and South Vietnamese citizens were killed

15 American Opposition to War Americans were divided over whether the United States should be involved militarily in Vietnam Burning draft cards Holding protests Kent State University May 4, unarmed demonstrators killed

16 THE COST OF WAR

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18 U.S. II 8 c; 9d

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28 Korea vs. Vietnam Same Containment Domino Theory North: Communist South: Democratic Communist: China, USSR Democratic: U.S. and Allies Different Korea: Tie UN Police Action Vietnam: Loss All U.S. Guerilla Warfare I.D. enemy difficult Public turned against the war.

29 The U.S. in the 1970s: The Economy The U.S. gave up the war in Vietnam, last solider came home in The economy was drained by the war and experienced high unemployment. Energy prices skyrocketed. The U.S. automobile industry declined as consumers turned to small, energyefficient Japanese imports.

30 The U.S. in the 1970s: The Government Détente:Thaw In the Cold War President Richard Nixon resigned in 1974 after the Watergate Scandal in which he obstructed justice by covering up a Republican Party break-in of Democratic headquarters. Gerald Ford succeeded him and granted Nixon a pardon. The public grew to distrust government and elected an outsider in Jimmy Carter.

31 The U.S. in the 1970s: The Government President Carter could not improve the economy The Americans of the 1970s became the me generation

32 The U.S. in the 1980s: The Government and Society Ronald Reagan united economic and cultural conservatives to win the White House in 1980 Government was the problem, not the solution Yuppies or young urban professionals were concerned with their private lives rather than public issues Upper-middle-class standard of living depended on both husband and wife holding full-time jobs

33 The Collapse of Communism and the End of the Cold War. Page 19 SAFARI Montage chap. 13 The Cold War SAFARI Montage chap. 14 The Cold War Reagan Chap. 3 4 min. Gorbachev s economic policies Glasnost- Political Openness/Freedom Peristroika- Economic Openness/Freedom Leads to openness and the exposure to democratic ideas. People like these ideas and Communism starts to fall. The first example of the fall is the Berlin Wall in 1989.

34 Destruction of the Berlin Wall November 9, 1989

35 Fall of the Soviet Union- Nationalism December, 1991