ChloroGIN Addressing GEO Task EC-09-01c: Regional Networks for Ecosystems

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Jemimah Jackson
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1 Addressing GEO Task EC-09-01c: Regional Networks for Ecosystems Stewart Bernard (CSIR, South Africa), Mark Dowell (JRC, Italy), Steve Groom (PML, UK), Nicolas Hoepffner (JRC, Italy), Milton Kampel (INPE, Brazil), Vivian Lutz (INIDEP, Argentina), Shubha Sathyendranath (PML, UK), Srinivas Kumar (INCOIS, India) ChloroGIN co-chairs: Trevor Platt (BIO, Canada), John Field (UCT, South Africa)

2 Vision An international network for promoting ocean colour and related satellite and in water observations to assess the state of marine, coastal and inland water ecosystems for the benefit of society.

3 Introduction ChloroGIN: Chlorophyll Globally Integrated Network Conceived during IOC/GOOS/POGO/GEO sponsored workshop in Plymouth, UK (Sept 2006) Addresses GEO task EC-09-01c Build upon existing initiatives (e.g. ANTARES in South America) to develop a global network of networks for ecosystems, & coordinate activities to strengthen observing capacity in developing countries ChloroGIN aims to promote in situ measurement of chlorophyll in combination with satellitederived estimates & associated products ChloroGIN is conceived as a network of networks, facilitating access to relevant data for users

4 Introduction Rationale: Opportunities emerging for observing ocean ecosystem at unprecedented resolution on global scale, in systematic & sustained manner, using satellite data Combining satellite data with in situ observations in judicial manner allows extension of applications to domains inaccessible by either method in isolation There is need for establishing network of observations that rely on existing technology & well-established methods for making measurements Approach has to be simple & fast to allow routine measurements over long time scales; must not exclude countries from participating on basis of high technological requirements or high operational costs

5 Introduction Objectives: Provide time series of ecosystem indicators for management of fisheries, aquaculture, coastal zones & inland water bodies Support satellite observations with in situ observations for ground-truthing to local conditions, & characterising sub-surface water properties for assessing pollution, ecological status & potential for human use Develop & supply value-added products needed for management by local authorities, regional & national governments Communicate ChloroGIN products of ecosystem state widely to potential users in society & in policy-making bodies

6 Societal Benefits Ecosystems: observing the global marine ecosystem Health: disease and harmful algal blooms Climate: long-term monitoring & modelling Disasters: extreme events and harmful algal blooms Water: global water cycles, water quality Weather: biological-physical coupling Agriculture: aquaculture & fisheries applications Biodiversity: phytoplankton community structure

Marine Remote Sensing Impacting upon decision makers Ecosystem-based Resource Management: ocean colour for Total Allowable Catch estimates in Namibia State-of-Environment reports in South Africa

7 Marine Remote Sensing Impacting upon decision makers Ecosystem-based Resource Management: ocean colour for Total Allowable Catch estimates in Namibia State-of-Environment reports in South Africa Early Warning & Disaster Management: harmful algal bloom detection Real-Time Monitoring of Benguela Niños: early warning & improvement of drought forecasting Real time monitoring of hydro-climatic variability (droughts)

Chl & SST data; specialised products, i.e. HAB descriptors & frontal maps.

8 DevCoCast GEONetCast for & by Developing Countries Near-real time & archived ocean colour & SST products, including: standard Case-1 & Case-2 MODIS & MERIS 1 km OC & SST products; 9 km monthly primary productivity, Chl & SST data; specialised products, i.e. HAB descriptors & frontal maps. Providers for Africa: Plymouth Marine Laboratory Joint Research Centre MRSU LERG (Senegal) University of Ghana NatMIRC (Namibia) IMS (Tanzania)

EAMNet FP7 project: network & capacity development in marine EO Promote exploitation of existing & new marine EO data from Europe & Africa (disseminate through GEONETCast) Harmonize & contribute to

9 EAMNet FP7 project: network & capacity development in marine EO Promote exploitation of existing & new marine EO data from Europe & Africa (disseminate through GEONETCast) Harmonize & contribute to evolution & improvement of data applications Improve coverage of marine GEONETCast reception network Contribute to existing training courses undertaken in AMESD, DevCoCast, etc. Develop EO-specific modules for university-level courses Coordinate R&D activities in Africa with GMES projects in Europe; promote best-practice through targeted exchange of personnel & open fellowships Connect African & EU marine communities: co-organizing yearly symposia (parallel with alternating AARSE & AMESD meetings), maintain website & publish regular newsletter Identify requirements of African stakeholders for provision of GMES services Contribute to implementation of Action Plan for GMES & Africa Partnership resulting from Lisbon Process on GMES and Africa

products at 6 m spatial resolution Full resolution MERIS data can provide immediately useful information from default products for

10 MRSU Current & Planned Remote Sensing Capabilities Increasing focus on EO-based inland water quality (GEO initiatives) Encourage dissemination of ESA full resolution MERIS data for Africa South Africa s SUMBANDILASAT offers capability to derive eutrophication products at 6 m spatial resolution Full resolution MERIS data can provide immediately useful information from default products for inland targets > 1.5 km diameter Eutrophication index for the Vaal Dam, South Africa, based on MERIS FR data and simple Top-Of-Atmosphere algorithms

11 AMIS African Marine Information System Satellite-derived products GIS website: Maps, Navigation Model data Basic 1 Statistics Time-series Threshold analysis Environmental variables (e.g. Bathymetry) Multivariate analysis

Latin America: Antares Main observations are SST, [chl-a] (sampled once/month) & light levels Participants encouraged to expand measurement variables - enhances network Satellite information covers

12 Latin America: Antares Main observations are SST, [chl-a] (sampled once/month) & light levels Participants encouraged to expand measurement variables - enhances network Satellite information covers areas of interest surrounding points of field sampling - this is processed daily & up-loaded on the Antares webpage by the Institute of Marine Remote Sensing at the University of South Florida (USA). The current participating countries are: Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Mexico Venezuela

13 Latin America: Antares Outreach: Education & exchange of expertise is major target of network Universidad de São Paulo, and Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais held course on Evaluation of satellite ocean-colour algorithms and products in coastal regions of Central and South America (sponsored by POGO and Nippon Foundation) Bio-optics graduate students & researchers from Latin America received state-of-the-art lectures by renowned scientists & hands-on practice in new technologies New site (Mexico) incorporated and equipped (long-term loan) with radiometers, courtesy of Dr. R. Frouin (Scripps Institute of Oceanography) Antares demonstrates that remote-sensing information (satellite chlorophyll in this case) will enable its widespread use in fisheries research & management. At least 5 Argentinian research groups have started using satellite information (provided through Antares web-site) for research on distribution & abundance of hake, red Patagonian shrimp, anchovy, king crab, & other coastal commercial fish species

14 Europe ChloroGIN Europe brings together various existing & new services for operational chlbased products across Europe PML (UK) & JRC (Italy) are major participants of ChloroGIN Europe MyOcean: major new project in Europe Will provide data & forecasting services within Europe & globally (at lower resolution). Ocean-colour team of MyOcean includes JRC & PML JRC: undertaking global data reprocessing PML: producing region-specific products for NW European shelves & NE Atlantic

15 Europe: PML (UK) PML: Operates a satellite data processing facility (NEODAAS) for UK academic scientists (includes near-real time transmission of data to research cruises to guide in situ sampling) Contributes data to various European projects through EC funding & to national UK marine monitoring agencies Maintains ChloroGIN portal & provides data for a number of other regions (i.e. Africa, Asia) Focus for initial development of data integration & visualisation approaches as part of European InterRisk project

16 Canada NW Atlantic Ocean time series initiated since launch of SeaWiFS (in 1997) as contribution to development of strategies for ecosystem-based management of marine resources Served as important tool for teaching & capacity building - led to development of Antares & subsequently ChloroGIN First of its kind - designed to follow time course of pelagic ecosystem indicators for particular region Provided basis for demonstrations relating ecosystem phenology to interannual variability in survival of larval fish & with basin-scale variations in life cycle of a commercially-important invertebrate Series available to public:

17 Indian Ocean Automatic data processing chain was set up at INCOIS to process & map MODIS data for area 40 S - 31 o N & 35 o E o E Daily imagery & weekly/monthly composites of 4 products are being disseminated through INCOIS website as PNG, HDF & GeoTiff Full-resolution products (1 Km) provided for IOGOOS member institutions in participating countries Data products available at: Current efforts focused on integrating products from upcoming OCM2 data of ISRO & MERIS data from ESA into processing chain

18 Future Directions Web-based GIS will be constructed (ChloroGIS) to integrate data from different participating centres in various regions - based on open standard approaches defined by Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Data (images or in situ sample data) can be viewed via common portal Prototype system being developed in European-Commission-funded InterRisk project - currently allows visual comparison of different satellite-data products & satellite & model predictions Methods being constructed that enable quantitative extraction & comparison of in situ data - from single station or underway sampling system (i.e. Ferrybox) with corresponding satellite data Plans underway to extend efforts to southern Africa ChloroGIS should help combine different data types & products from different users as required for Global Earth Observation System of Systems Extend to far east Asia (new node being developed through Japan) Extend or link to fresh water bodies (link to GEO WA-08-01g)

19 Thank You

The SAFARI Initiative. Societal Applications in Fisheries & Aquaculture using Remotely-Sensed Imagery

The SAFARI Initiative. Societal Applications in Fisheries & Aquaculture using Remotely-Sensed Imagery The SAFARI Initiative Societal Applications in Fisheries & Aquaculture using Remotely-Sensed Imagery Introduction July 2007, request from GEO to assimilate satellite Earth Observation (EO) into fisheries