Global Agricultural Monitoring International Coordination: GEOGLAM

Transcription

1 Global Agricultural Monitoring International Coordination: GEOGLAM Chris Justice NASA - Earth Observation for Food Security and Agriculture Consortium Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, USA

2 GEO is the international program focused on the use of Earth Observations for societal benefit GEO was initiated in 2005 relies on voluntary national contributions Agriculture is one of the GEO societal benefit areas GEOGLAM is GEO s Agricultural Flagship initiative

3 GEOGLAM: a GEO Initiative Vision: the use of coordinated, comprehensive and sustained Earth Observations to inform decisions and actions in agriculture through a system of agricultural monitoring systems Aim: Strengthen the international community s capacity to utilize Earth Observations to produce and disseminate relevant information on agricultural production at national, regional and global scales Approach: Building on existing monitoring systems strengthening international and national capacity Emphasis on: producer countries (G20+), countries-at-risk and national capacity building

4 GEOGLAM ACTORS and functions Space Agencies - Satellites, Data, Products, Services Science Agencies Research Institutes, Universities, - Research - Method Development - Information Systems - Operational R and D - Research to Operations - Decision Support System Eventual Operational Data Provision Ministries of Agriculture Ag. Statistics Agencies - Operational Monitoring - Crop Forecasts - Agricultural Statistics

5 GEOGLAM INTERNATIONAL COORDINATING BODIES and linkages

6 CEOS Committee on Earth Observing Satellites EO Requirements GEO Group on Earth Observations GEO GLAM Global Agricultural Monitoring Reporting GEOGLAM Crop Monitors Reporting Support AMIS UN FAO Agricultural Market Information System - Prices, Markets and Stocks G20 Ministers of Agriculture

7 Science Agencies Research Institutes, Universities, - Method Development - Operational R and D Private Sector - Satellite Data - Services CEOS Committee on Earth Observing Satellites Space Agencies - Data, Products, Services GEOGLAM Global Agricultural Monitoring AMIS UN FAO Agricultural Market Information System - Prices, Markets and Stocks - Research to Operations GEO Group on Earth Observations - Promoting EO data use Ministries of Agriculture Ag. Statistics Agencies - Operational Monitoring - Crop Forecasts - Agricultural Statistics G20 Ministers of Agriculture

8 Example GEOGLAM Actors in the GEOGLAM Community of Practice Open Community made up of individuals from international and national agencies concerned with agricultural monitoring including Ministries of Ag, Space Agencies, Universities, & Industry 8/35 8 / 21

9 GEOGLAM Building a Community Agenda: Identifying and Addressing Common Issues facing Agricultural Monitoring Accessibility to international satellite data Timeliness in obtaining EO data (satellite and in-situ) Robustness of methods for national, regional to global application lack of field level validation data, absence of best practices for different cropping systems and regions Managing large volume data processing Difficulty in transitioning research methods into operational use in operational agencies Need for capacity building and support to use EO data in many operational monitoring institutions - including use of new sensors Continuity of satellite data for operational monitoring

10 GEOGLAM International coordination function Not a funding agency GEOGLAM Secretariat at GEO Geneva Funded by Germany, Canada, China, US Community needs and activities identified Relies on voluntary national contributions Projects/activities/individuals that contribute to GEOGLAM program aims are welcome to join

11 The Earth Observations for Food Security and Agriculture Consortium (EOFSAC) Inbal Becker-Reshef EOFSAC P.I. Chris Justice EOFSAC Science Lead Department of Geographical Sciences University of Maryland

12 The GEOGLAM Components

13 Policy Framework for GEOGLAM

14 AMIS: Agricultural Market Information System Improve market information and transparency inter-agency Platform to enhance food market transparency and encourage coordination of policy action in response to market uncertainty

15 AMIS COUNTRIES

16 Crop Monitor : an international consensus assessment - May 2018 Crop condition map synthesizing information for all four AMIS crops. Crops that are in other than favorable conditions are displayed on the map with their crop symbol. 16 (Cropland area shown is an aggregation of all cropland areas) Becker-Reshef et al.

17 The AMIS / GEOGLAM Partnership AMIS Markets/Stocks GEOGLAM Condition/Supply GEOGLAM

18 Early Warning Crop Monitor Crop specific & regional synthesis map - May 2018 Synthesis maps provide an overview of regional conditions Crop specific maps convey the drivers behind those conditions Crop Specific

19 Crop Monitor for Early Warning Bulletin (food security)

20 Asia-RiCE RegionalMonitoring A multi-national project led by Japan (JAXA), with collaborations in ASEAN+3 countries and India A regional view using agro-meteorological data derived from low resolution optical satellite imagery (MODIS, GCOM-W, TRMM and others) A local view to estimate rice crop area and production using available radar and other satellite data with ground observation data and statistical information Test-sites in Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam 20/35

21 GEOGLAM Latinoamérica National Scale Mapping Initiative Argentina-led initiative strong support from Jesus Silveyra (Undersec for Ag Markets) First in series of training workshops on Cropland Mapping held at UMD in March 2018 Product: 2017 National Cropland Extent with 30m spatial resolution Ministry Participants from: Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Chile cropland Hansen et al.

22 Landsat Change in Cropland Area: Brazil Hansen et al. 22

23 REGIONAL CROP MONITOR FOR EAST AFRICA Developed an ICPAC East Africa Crop Monitor (support from RCMRD SERVIR) Launch in in Djibouti (May 2018) To be published in GHACOF **Bulletin 19 analysts trained, including 11 national focal points Strong regional support * Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) Climate Prediction and Applications Centre (ICPAC) **Greater Horn of Africa Climate Outlook Forum Prototype map of crop conditions for ICPAC Countries as of 12 July 2017

24 The GEOGLAM Components

25 Developing the EO Data Requirements for GEOGLAM: through a CEOS/GEOGLAM Ad Hoc Working Group Goals of the EO Data Coordination Component. Articulate data requirements for agricultural monitoring Coordinate international satellite acquisition over agricultural areas during the growing season Promote near-real time data availability Increase the frequency of moderate resolution data Standardize processing of data, facilitating data interoperability Promote easy data access for operational users Advocate for continuity of critical data streams/products Recognition that cropping systems are inherently diverse which dictates the monitoring observations and methods No one system can meet agricultural monitoring needs

26 GEOGLAM CEOS: EO Data Requirements Table developed taking into consideration the observation needs, the derived products they will serve, and regional specificities; CEOS-GEOGLAM July 2012 Montreal) spatial & spectral How often? Where? When? For What? GEOGLAM data plan submitted to the CEOS plenary in 2013

27 Collecting Holistic Agricultural Monitoring Requirements, translating them for CEOS EC JRC Meeting - State of Science - State of Use End to end requirements - Survey developed Report to CEOS Fall June

28 The GEOGLAM Components

29 JECAM Principles Collect and share time-series datasets Develop common standards in definition, reporting methods and field protocols. The Committee on Earth Observing Satellites (CEOS) and member agencies support with the acquisition and timely provision of data. R&D focused on operational implementation

30 Global network of over 30 voluntary JECAM sites

31 Coarse Resolution Yield forecasting - subnational-national County level validation National level validation County level validation National level validation US Winter wheat US Soy Ukraine Winter wheat US Corn Franch et al.

32 Developing Quantitative Indicators of Crop Condition USA, KANSAS WINTER WHEAT EXAMPLE: CURRENT CONDITIONS POOR Franch & Skakun, May 1st Sahajpal et al.

33 Top priority : open source system to deliver 4 Sen2-Agri products along the season in line with the GEOGLAM core products Monthly cloud free surface reflectance composite at m Binary map identifying annually cultivated land at 10m updated every month EARLY AREA INDICATOR EARLY AREA INDICATOR Vegetation status map at 10 m delivered every week (NDVI, LAI, pheno index) Defourny et al. Crop type map at 10 m for the main regional crops including irrigated/rainfed discrimination

34 2016 Cropland mask at 10m resolution for Mali from Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 Cropland Non-Cropland Overall accuracy: 94 % F1-score cropland: 80 % Official ag stat survey as in situ data Defourny et al.

35 Harmonized Landsat / Sentinel-2 Products Laramie County, WY May 4, 2016 (S2) Aug 8 (L8) Aug 17 (L8) Sep 1 (S2) Oct 20 (L8) 3km 0.1 NDVI 0.9 Masek et al. NDVI + Sentinel-2 Landsat-8 mowing Alfalfa Grassland Seasonal phenology (greening) for natural grassland (blue line) and irrigated alfalfa fields (red line) near Cheyenne Wyoming observed from Harmonized Landsat/Sentinel-2 data products. The high temporal density of observations allows individual mowing events to be detected within alfalfa fields. HLS Products available from 35

36 HLS+ Sentinel 1 Crop Type Mapping US Examples Torbick et al. 36

37 Radarsat Constellation - Oct

38 Geostationary ET: Stress Index Anderson et al USDA 38

39 Ray et al.

40 40

41 GEOGLAM Annual Meeting focusing on Cloud Infrastructure and Knowledge Management August 29 31, 2018, Sanya, China Host: Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, CAS Organizers: RADI, GEOGLAM Contact: Dr. Xin Zhang Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Objective: To discuss and find solutions on how the cutting-edge technology of cloud infrastructure, big earth data and knowledge management can benefit the agricultural monitoring community 41

42 GEOGLAM Annual Science Meeting: Earth Observation Technologies for Crop Monitoring- A Workshop to Promote Collaborations among JECAM/Asia-RiCE September 17-22, 2018 Taichung City Hosted by the Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), and the the Council of Agriculture

43 So in Summary What is GEOGLAM doing? - Increasing communication and sharing experience amongst the Ag Monitoring Community of Practice and with related programs - Helping improve national agricultural monitoring systems - Promoting EO-based approaches to agricultural monitoring and raising the importance of agricultural remote sensing - Articulating and advocating for community requirements to the EO data providers - Translating EO data into policy relevant information - Increasing the awareness of EO by the econ/policy community - Method testing and inter-comparison, developing best practices - Developing new monitoring capabilities and products