security in Asia Pacific region

Transcription

1 Sustainability in the Water-Energy-Food nexus May 2014 un Bonn, Germany Optimal policies for water-energy-food security in Asia Pacific region Makoto Taniguchi (Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, RIHN), Aiko Endo (RIHN), Naoki Masuhara (RIHN), Makoto Yamada (RIHN), Tomohiro Oh (RIHN), and Pedo Orencio (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo, Japan)

2 Hydrometeorology: quick water Geology and geomorophology circulation and high biodiversity Monsoon Asia Precipitation River discharge earthquake, volcano, geothermic Ring of Fire Security = Resilience (+) + Risk (-) Positive Negative Positive Negative service/benefit disaster/risk service/benefit disaster/risk Otsuchi after tsunami (June 11, 2011) Flooding

3 Framework Social change Climate change Defi e the site s pri ary driver tradeoffs Characterize current state of resources Water tradeoffs Identify the tradeoff(s) Energy Joint Security Policy Food Collect primary & secondary data about the water & energy or food resource Conduct tradeoff analysis Optimal Optimal food e.g., Cost-benefit to identify optimal energy policy policy analysis, environmental energy or food policy Humanvaluation, network Environmental security Governance analysis, costeffectiveness analysis Stakeholders Policy recommendations will include optimal governance structure, including the role of stakeholders

4 Water Consumption for Agriculture, Industry & Domestic A I D

5 Type of Water Use (Groundwater & Surface Water) G S

6 Renewable Energy (Hydro, Geothermal, Solar, & Bio) H G S B

7 Self Production Rates (Serial, Vegi, Fruit, Meat, Fish) SVFMF

8 Objectives of this project are to provide policy recommendations and environmental governance structures for increasing security related to the water-energy-food nexus in the Asia-Pacific region. What type of water-energy- food Nexus we are studying? (1) water- food -> food ostly ea s agriculture productio How about water- fishery resources? (2) water-energy-> we focus on; a: renewable energy i.e. geothermal, hydropower etc. b: newly developing energy sources i.e. shale gas etc. in the area of Asia Pacific Ring of Fire

9 How to evaluate water-energy- food Nexus? (1) Natural science approaches: Land ocean interaction Traceability, integrated models etc. (2) Social science approaches: interview, social/economical/cultural analyses, Risk Integrated indices etc. environ ment govern ance Resource-1 Before HH-1 HH-6 Resource-2 HH-2 HH-5 Resource-3 HH-3 social econo my HH-4 Resource-4 Environmental Change (3) Transdisciplinary approaches Co-design/co-production with stakeholders Stakeholder network analyses etc. Network analyses HH-1 Resource-1 HH-6 R-2 HH-2 HH-5 Resource-3 HH-3 Resource-4 HH-4 After

10 Conventional way Energy resources analyses Fisheries resources analyses Water resources analyses Energy Policy Fisheries Policy Water Policy Stake holder x Stake holder x Fisheries resources analyses Water resources analyses Social economical analyses Energy resources analyses Human behavioral analyses COLLECT MODEL INPUTS Geographic Policy & Institutions Socio-economic Demographic Resources Capital & Infrastructure Environmental & Ecological Stake holder Factors, Index & Score of Security Principal component and social network analyses Management & Policy options Suite of feasible actions identified through stakeholder feedback Action plans for increasing security Recommend actions that increase security at least cost Multistakeholders Households Policymakers Scientists Community Organizations

11 Water Energy Nexus: How much % of total water (energy) consumption were used for energy (water)? W E E W

12 Ratio od Energy consumption for food (Serial, Vegi, Fruit, Meat, Fish) S M FV Fi

13 Water consumption for food (Serial, Vegi, Fruit, Meat, Fish) S M Fi VF

14 (1) Water-Energy Nexus (2) Water-Energy-Food(fisheries) Nexus Hot spring vs Geothermal energy Run-of-River Power Generation Hacchobara Geothermal power plant (Oita) Tradeoff between water and energy Conflict between stakeholders Hydro. power generation vs Fisheries (Salmon) production vs Environmental flow

15 Integrated indies of water-energy-food nexus on security (resilience, risk) risk 1.0 environment components governance 0.0 social water economy Index risk energy 1.0 environ social risk food e viro 1.0 govern economy social gover a economy

16 Summary of the project Contents of integration Methods for integration Region Meta Analyses Security Projects Theme Science in/for Society (Co-design/Co-produce) International Water FE Water-Energy-Food Nexus Energy Food Tradeoff/Conflict Regional Local Water Energy Food Security = Resilience (+) + Risk (-)