Smart Energy Storage Sytems for Integrating Renewable Energies.

Transcription

1 Smart Energy Storage Sytems for Integrating Renewable Energies

2 Research focus of the institute elenia ~ ~ = = Electromobility Components for electricity transport and distribution Smart Grids Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 2

3 Smart Energy Storage Sytems for Integrating Renewable Energies The German Energy Transition Implementation of energy storages into the power grid Energy storages for grid application Energy storages for residential buildings Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 3

4 The context of the German energy transition 2002: 14 GW 2015: 88 GW 2002: 100 GW 2015: 87,6 GW 2002: 7 GW 2015: 7 GW Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 4

5 Total Rated Power [GW] Source: DLR; IWES; IFNE: Leitstudie 2011 Datenanhang-II (Szenario 2011 B) Renewable energies and conventional plants in the future ,1 GW maximum demand today 35 GW minimum demand today RE-Import EE-Import Photovoltaic Power Photovoltaik Wind Power Wind Biomass, Gehothermal Biomasse, Geothermie und Wasserkraft and Hydropower Pumpspeicher, andere Storage Plants Speicher Fossil + EE-Wasserstoff Fossil Plants Nuclear Plants Kernenergie Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 5

6 Example of generation and load in East Germany in GW German pumped storage power plants: 7 GW / 40 GWh Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 6 source: 50Hertz Transmission

7 Power in GW /MWh Photovoltaic modules supply energy at peak times Photovoltaik Photovoltaic power Wind power Conventional power plants Wind Konventionelle Erzeugungseinheiten > 100 MW Phelix Day Base Day Peak GW GW 26.9 GW h 2h 4h 6h 8h 10h 12h 14h 16h 18h 20h 22h Saturday, 26th of June, h 4h 8h 12h 16h 20h Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 7

8 Smart Energy Storage Sytems for Integrating Renewable Energies The German Energy Transition Implementation of energy storages into the power grid Energy storages for grid application Energy storages for residential buildings Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 8

9 Technologies for storing electric energy Electrical Superconductive coils Coils Capacitors Capacitors Mechanical Pumped Hydro hydro Flywheels Compressed Air air Electrochemical Batteries with withinternal storage internal (Li-Ion, storage etc.) (Li- Ion, etc.) Batteries with external Batteries storage with (hydrogen, external storage redoxflow) (hydrogen, redoxflow) Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 9

10 Specific power and energy of different technologies source: IEA Technology Roadmap 2009 OECD/IEA Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 10

11 Long-term price projection for batteries Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 11

12 Storage systems can be integrated at all voltage levels Transmission grid High voltage < industrial buildings Medium voltage < manufacturing and trade Low voltage < residential Areas Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 12

13 Implementation of energy storages in the current power system Conventional power plants - Increase flexibility - Optimal usage Energy market - Short term trading - Balancing group Renewable energies - Grid integration - Profit maximization TSO - Operating reserve - Backup power - Ancillary services DSO - Grid congestions - Ancillary services - Grid reinforcement Residential buildings/ industry - Own consumption - Backup power Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 13

14 Application shift from short-time to seasonal Grid stabilization services Load, frequency control and performance / active power Security of energy supplies Flexibility of generation Voltage control / reactive power RES ~75% ~60% Day storage Seasonal storage Storage for market application Peak shaving Energy shifting Seasonal storage application Short-time storage year Surplus energy Power to gas source: Younicos Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 14

15 Smart Energy Storage Sytems for Integrating Renewable Energies The German Energy Transition Implementation of energy storages into the power grid Energy storages for grid application Energy storages for residential buildings Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 15

16 Ancillary services Reactive power and voltage control Frequency control System coordination Grid restoration Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 16

17 Reactive power concepts with renewable energies Time period Minimum Power Auction period Activation time Max. duration Tech. requirements Payment 24 h for one week ±1 MW weekly Full power after 30 s 15 min Automatic (on frequency-change) Capacity price ( / MW) Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 17

18 Control reserve for frequency control f Frequency P 5 s 10 s 15 min 1 h P Demand and Supply 5 s 10 s 15 min 1 h P Primary and secondary control reserve Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 18 Source: Verstege 5 s 10 s 15 min 1 h

19 Younicos storage system for primary control source: WEMAG / Younicos Lithium-Ion-Storage More than 25,000 single cells Samsung SDI cells. Expected lifetime: 20 years 5 MW and 5 MWh Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 19

20 EWE Netz, Altenoythe/ Lower Saxony source: green2store 200 kw 270 kwh 600,000 Euro Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 20

21 Smart Energy Storage Sytems for Integrating Renewable Energies The German Energy Transition Implementation of energy storages into the power grid Energy storages for grid application Energy storages for residential buildings Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 21

22 Storage systems for residential buildings [kw/kwh] [kw/kwh] Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 22

23 Conventional approach for storing photovoltaic energy Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 23

24 Smart energy storages mitigate grid congestions Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 24

25 hours per year Utilization factor of battery storages is low used unused Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 25

26 Conclusion Energy storages are the perfect complement to intermittent energy sources Grid stabilization services and residential storages are used today Future storages will be employed for the energy market and as seasonal storages Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 26

27 Daniel Unger Smart Energy Storages Page 27 Thank you very much for your attention!

28 Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Daniel Unger TU Braunschweig elenia Prof. Dr.-Ing. Bernd Engel TU Braunschweig elenia