"Biogas Technology Development and Evaluation for Bottling and Bio-CNG Applications"

Transcription

1 "Biogas Technology Development and Evaluation for Bottling and Bio-CNG Applications" Dr. Rimika Kapoor Prof. Virendra K. Vijay Centre for Rural Development & Technology IIT, Delhi

2 Viability of Biogas Technology Biogas utilizes energy sources in ways that do not deplete the earth s natural resources and are as environmentally benign as possible. Sources are sustainable and can be managed and used indefinitely without degrading the environment Nutrient rich slurry as manure Pollution abatement measure Biogas has been contributing for mitigating climate change by reducing greenhouse gases emission and sequestrating carbon in the form of conserving natural forest. Carbon-neutral and renewable energy Offers several benefits such as health, environmental, agricultural and economic benefit through reduced deforestation and carbon trading that increase the adaptive capacity against climate change.

3 State of the Art Water Scrubbing based BioCH 4 and BioCO 2 Production Technology Developed at IIT Delhi

4 Water Scrubbing based BioCH 4 and BioCO 2 Production System at IIT Delhi

5 WS1 WS2 Capacity Gas Flow Rate Quality of Gas Obtained Recovery of Gas WS1 (BioCH4 Production) WS2 (BioCO2 Production) 10Nm 3 /h 5 Nm 3 /h 95% BioCH4 99.9% BioCO2 91% 88.5%

6 BioCH 4 Application as Vehicular Fuel

7 BioCO 2 Application Algae Cultivation Grain Fumigation Greenhouses Chemical Manufacturing

8 Mobile Biogas Upgradation System developed at IIT Delhi

9 Standards for Upgraded Biogas in India The first Indian Standard IS 16087: 2013 entitled Biogas (Biomethane) Specifications has been released by BIS. This standard covers biogas (biomethane) applications in stationary engines, automotive and thermal applications and supply through piped network. It will help in increasing confidence of investors, infusing more finances and expanding business in biogas sector manifold. Upgraded biogas delivered to any vehicle, stationary engine or piped network shall comply to the following standards. No. Biogas Component Percentage 1 Methane (CH 4 ), min CO 2 + N 2 + O 2, percent, max(v/v) 10 Total Sulphur (including H 2 S), mg/m 3, max 20 Only CO 2, percent, max (v/v) 4 Moisture, mg/m 3, max 5

10 Commercial Level Biogas Upgrading and Bottling Plants in India Technology Demonstration Projects on Biogas Generation, Purification and Bottling (BGFP) under RDD&D Policy of MNRE Under technology demonstration of new RDD&D Policy of MNRE during the year , the Ministry took up a new initiative for bottling of biogas to demonstrate an Integrated Technology-package in entrepreneurial mode on medium size mixed feed biogas-fertilizer plants (BGFP) for generation, purification, bottling and piped distribution of biogas. Under the demonstration phase, the Ministry has sanctioned a Central Financial Assistance (CFA) upto 50% of the cost (excluding cost of land) for a limited number of such projects for implementation following an entrepreneurial mode on reimbursement basis. 14BGFP projects with aggregate capacity of 23,116 cum/day have been sanctioned.

11 Biogas Upgrading and Bottling Plant at Abhohar, Mukatsar, Punjab 1st Technology demonstration plant BGFP project

12 Biogas upgradation and bottling plant at Nasik, Maharashtra

13 Water Scrubbing and PSA system at Nasik Cylinder Cascade for bottled biogas High Pressure Compressor at Nasik plant

14 Biogas Upgrading and Bottling Plant at Tohana, Haryana

15 Biogas bottling project 1000m 3 /day capacity installed at Singla Bio-Energy, Vill. Siaghawali, Teh.-Sadulsehar, Dist. Sri Ganganagar (Rajasthan)

16 Challenges Faced by Existing BGFP plants Low quality biomethane production High CH4 losses (low BioCH4 recovery) Low efficiency and low economic viability of the system. Lack of technical know-how and after sales services Technical problems like installing large capacity plants for biogas production, under collection of organic substrates (biowaste), under feeding, faulty construction, also lead to non-functioning and eventual failure of the biogas plants to produce good quality raw biogas.

17 Integrated Technology Packages for Commercialization and Entrepreneurship Cooking Biogas-Fertilizer Plants (BGFP) for Production, BioCH4, & BioCO2 production and Bio- fertilizer production

18 Models for Integrated Technology Packages for Commercialization and Entrepreneurship To fulfil the demand of cooking, power and transportation fuel in rural, semiurban and urban areas along with the sustainability. Model 1: Domestic biogas plants Domestic biogas plant in rural area (cattle manure based) Domestic biogas plant in urban area (kitchen waste based) Model 2: Commercial biogas plant through Entrepreneurial mode Biogas plant for gas distribution through pipeline network for cooking Biogas plant for small scale power generation Model 3: Rice straw based biogas plant for power generation Model 4: Industrial application of biogas plant in rural area Model 5: Large scale commercial biogas plant Biogas plant based on industrial waste/stp/msw/ for bio-cng production for automotive application Biogas plant based on industrial waste/stp/msw/ for power generation

19 Cost Economics of Technology Packages for Commercialization and Entrepreneurship Gaushalas, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fruit and Vegetable Markets, Agricultural Residue Based Plants Economic viability of Biogas-Fertilizer Plants (BGFP) for Production, BioCH 4 and Bio- fertilizer production 200 m3/day, 500m3/day, 1000m3/day ( Payback period 4 5 years) Economic viability of Biogas-Fertilizer Plants (BGFP) for Production, BioCH4, & BioCO2 production, Bottling, Bio- fertilizer production 2500 m3/day, 5000 m3/day (Payback period 4 5 years)

20 Widespread Implementation of Technology Promotional Support and Resource Development Validation & Testing

21 Need of the hour for the Promotion of Biogas Bottling Technology Subsidies on Biogas Fertilizer Plants (BGFPs) National Biogas Mission linked with Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, Establishment of Centre of Excellence in Biogas Energy at IIT Delhi for research, development and innovation, dissemination of technologies, and transfer of knowledge and awareness among people. Strengthening of Biogas Development and Training Centres (BDTCs) with sufficient budget and new mandates Safety Issues and RD& D for Cylinders for BioCH 4 and BioCO 2 Storage Standardization of Plants, Equipment's and Accessories for different scales Digesters, Power Plants, Cooking Burners, Upgradation Systems, Bottling Units, etc. Pilot scale introduction of Cash Transfer of Central Subsidy in beneficiary's bank accounts in selected districts. Standards for biogas slurry through Fertilizer Control Order Incentives for bio-slurry similar to chemical fertilizer

22 Validation and Testing of Biogas Technology IIT Delhi is engaged in research and development of biogas related technologies and its applications. BDTC, IIT Delhi provides technical support for National Biogas Manure Management Program (NBMMP) Expertise in IIT Delhi in coordination with Ministry of New and Renewable Energy and synchronize R&D and consultancy work on biogas technology Organize training courses for developing entrepreneurs and for staff of the state nodal departments and implementing agencies etc. Field testing/adaptive trials & demonstration on new models of biogas system and diversified uses biogas plants effluents. Consultancy services to manufactures, NGOs, implementing agencies etc. for developing of new systems.

23 THANK YOU BIOGAS BOTTLING is a PROFITABLE VENTURE