Teaching About Hydrogen Fuel Cells
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1 Teaching About Hydrogen Fuel Cells NSTA - March 12, 2011 Chris Keller Curriculum Developer SEPUP The Lawrence Hall of Science UC Berkeley 2011 The Regents of the University of California 1
2 For More Information Contact me: Publisher: LAB-AIDS, Inc. lab-aids.com Curriculum Website: sepuplhs.org/hydrogen Both # The Regents of the University of California 2
3 HyTEC: Hydrogen Technology and Energy Curriculum Funded by U.S. Dept of Energy Module: Investigating Alternative Energy: Hydrogen & Fuel Cells High School Chemistry (or Physics & Envi. Sci.) Developed by a team of scientists, engineers, curriculum developers, and teachers Development process includes extensive classroom testing and feedback 3
4 Partners The Lawrence Hall of Science Schatz Energy Research Center AC Transit FilmSight Productions LAB-AIDS, Inc. Teachers and students from SF Bay Area, Washington, Ohio, California, Connecticut, Georgia, New York, and South Carolina 4
5 Issue-Oriented Science Engages students in learning science and applying it to make evidence-based decisions. Does not advocate a particular decision, but does advocate the use of scientific evidence and concepts in the decision-making process. Encourages students to look at various sides of an issue and evaluate the trade-offs involved in a complex decision. 5
6 Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Curriculum Six activities take approximately two weeks of instructional time. 1. Hydrogen for Transportation? - Students examine trade-offs of various fuel/vehicle combinations. 6
7 Activity #1: Hydrogen for Transportation? 7
8 Alternative Energy Vehicles Gasoline Internal Combustion (ICE) Bio-diesel Electric Hybrid Other? Hydrogen Fuel Cell 8
9 Hydrogen Hydrogen is the most common element in the universe. The sun is composed mostly of hydrogen gas. Where is hydrogen found on Earth? Hydrogen occurs naturally as a component of water, air, and hydrocarbon fuels like coal and natural gas. 9
10 How do we get Hydrogen? Hydrocarbon + Heat Reformer Hydrogen + CO2 Water + Electricity Electrolyzer Hydrogen + Oxygen 10
11 What do we do with Hydrogen? H 2 Storage Internal Combustion Engine Kinetic Energy Storage Fuel Cell Electric Motor Kinetic Energy A way to store energy (like a battery) A way to move energy (like electricity) NOT an energy source and NOT free 11
12 Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Curriculum 1. Hydrogen for Transportation? - Students examine trade-offs of various fuel/vehicle combinations. 2.! Obtaining Hydrogen through Electrolysis - In this hands-on lab, students generate hydrogen and examine the required energy input, stoichiometry, and electrochemistry involved in the process. 12
13 Kit Materials Electrolyzer Power Supply Fuel Cell Motor etc. 13
14 Electrolysis Simulation 14
15 Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Curriculum 3.! Observing a Fuel Cell - Students generate H 2 and O 2, and use a single cell fuel cell to perform work. 4. Modeling the Fuel Cell Reaction - Students use model pieces and a fuel cell simulation to explore the fuel cell reaction. 15
16 Activity #4: Modeling the Fuel Cell Reaction 16
17 Modeling the Fuel Cell Reaction 17
18 Modeling the Fuel Cell Reaction 18
19 Student Activity The Fuel Cell Half Reactions The half-reactions: Oxidation:! H 2! 2H + + 2e - Reduction:! 4H+ + O 2 + 4e -! 2H 2 O Adding the half-reactions: Oxidation:! 2H 2! 4H + + 4e - Reduction:! 4H+ + O 2 + 4e -! 2H 2 O!!! 2H 2 + O 2! 2H 2 O + energy (electricity) 19
20 Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Curriculum 5. Fuel Cell Efficiency - In a hands-on lab, students measure fuel cell efficiency. 6. Hydrogen for Buses? Students conduct research and engage in a simulated City Council Meeting to present the advantages and challenges of using hydrogen and fuel cells for a city bus program. 20
21 Website and Videos Hydrogen & Fuel Cells website: sepuplhs.org/hydrogen Simulations Clips from video field trip Web Resources Info on fuel cells 21
22 22
23 Applications of Fuel Cells Video highlights: Fuel cell bus in Oakland, CA Portable applications: video camera, computer Production from hydrogen using renewable sources Production of hydrogen from landfill gas 23
24 NSES Addressed Structure of Atoms: Matter is made of minute particles called atoms. Structure and Properties of Matter: Atoms interact with one another by sharing or transferring electrons Chemical Reactions: Chemical reactions occur all around us Chemical reactions may release or consume energy A large number of reactions involve transfer of electrons Catalysts lower activation energy necessary for reactions 24
25 Challenges to Hydrogen Economy Developing infrastructure and improving technology Reducing cost Addressing public concerns about safety Production of hydrogen from water using renewable energy sources 25
26 Fuel Cell Parts - Form and Function anode screen cathode screen hydrogen endplate anode gasket anode GDM membrane electrode assembly cathode GDM cathode gasket air endplate 26
27 Contact Info: Contact me: PPT and handouts: sepuplhs.org/news/ Curriculum website: sepuplhs.org/hydrogen/ Publisher website: lab-aids.com 27
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