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2 What is CReED CReED is a cooperation of industry, business, public institutions, operating companies, associations, research institutions and interested practitioners of the waste and resource management sector. CReED build a network of international experts, companies and universities. By the participation of several site operating companies with various plants and components CReED is able to give neutral and unaffected advices out of own operation experiences. This also gives the option to offer flexible and practice-oriented training measures for plant operators, engineers and scientists, management and even for devision-makers. This is the fundament for CReED to realize presentation and demonstration of waste management technologies, experience practice and help to develop suitable concepts for partners all over the world. Thereby the necessary know-how-transfer is realized, what is essential for a suitable and sustainable usage of modern waste management methods. 2

3 Structure of CReED Universities Associations Public and private companies Authorities, administration NGO Education and Training & Workshops and Congresses Research & Development Demonstration German and European Waste Technologies Independent International network of waste management experts Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept 2017

4 Recycling Center Pohlsche Heide. Location of CReED 4

5 The Recycling Center Pohlsche Heide Biowaste composting and digestion plant MBT composting and digestion plant Sorting facility for paper, plastic, glass Drying plant for sewage sludge Slake treatment plant Incineration plant for MSW Landfill for MBT material Biomass power plant Waste water treatment plant Landfill mining Three CHP for Landfill- and Digestergas each 500 kw Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept 2017

6 RDF Powerplant Minden Type ENERGOS ca t/a Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

7 Future Activities Besides the normal activities CReED plans to expand the training programs. This applies in particular to the train the trainer area. In order to support the work of trainers trained in CReED in their home country, an internet-based training program is currently being developed. We call it Teach 4 Waste. It is to be used both in trainings and information events all over the world. In this case, the speaker can always make use of up-to-date information. In addition, it is intended to provide individual training and studies for registered participants. The Moodle system, already tested at many universities, serves as a software basis. Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

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10 Kap Verde Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

11 Karachi Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

12 Philippines Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

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17 Examples of convenient sorting processes The following examples are from asia but could worldwide similar proceed The majority of the workman have been waste picker bevore, the chiefes of the plants have been trained at CReED in Germany. All projekts are instigated from the German GIZ with small support from CReED Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

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20 Philippines Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

21 ADVANTAGES OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF SOLID WASTE PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY (60 TO 100 M³ OF METHANE/TON) L ESS ENERGIE NEEDED FOR AERATION OF THE COMPOST PILE 200 TIMES LESS ODOURS THAN AEROBIC COMPOSTING (BASIS: GRAMS OF VOC PER TON TREATED) LESS SURFACE AREA NEEDED AS FOR AEROBIC COMPOSTING HIGH PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE 21 Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept 2017

22 Degradation of organic material: AEROB C 6 H 12 O O 2 => 6 CO H 2 O Traubenzucker + Sauerstoff => Kohlendioxid + Wasser Free Energie G o = kj/mol = (Head) ANAEROB: C 6 H 12 O 6 => 3 CO CH 4 Traubenzucker => Kohlendioxid + Methan Free Energie G o = kj/mol = (Methane) Result: Aerobe composting needs 20 times more energy then anaerobe digesting. The remaining energy is in the Methane. Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

23 Basic Type of Digestor Technology : Liquid Digestor Plug Stream Digestor Batch Digestor Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

24 Liquid Digestor Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

25 Plug flow reactor Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

26 Kompogas plug stream Reaktor Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

27 DRANCO plug stream reactor Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste to Waste Energy - March - ICCR 2013 conference Mexico Vienna City Sept

28 THE DRANCO TECHNOLOGY - 30 references - Dry digestion: 20-40%TS - No mixing equipment in the digester - Inoculation in external mixing unit DRANCO DIGESTER Feeding tubes Gas storage Dosing screw Extraction Feeding pump 28

29 THE DRANCO SORDISEP PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MSW MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DRY SORTING RDF METALS RECYCLABLES Advantages of the SORDISEP process higher material recycling and landfill diversion rates optimal separation after anaerobic digestion high quality compost of MSW DIGESTION BIOGAS WET SEPARATION, SORDISEP INERTS RDF Digestate after DRANCO digestion Light fraction after SORDISEP ORGANIC FRACTION AEROBIC STABILIZATION COMPOST EVAPORATION DRY MATTER LOSS Heavy fraction after Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna SORDISEP Sept 2017 Compost after SORDISEP 29

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32 Kusel, near Kaiserslautern Renewables 7,500 t/p.a. Electrical Power 330 kw In Operation as of 01/07 Local Heat / Drying Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

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34 The potential utilization of cement works in waste processing Cement plant are everywhere in the world In Germany, the cement works aim at a 100% fuel supply from waste This requires investments that are only undertaken if they have partners who are able to guarantee a solid fuel supply over several years. Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

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36 Economy of waste recycling Profit: RDF production (we save around t of oil per year) Kompost-produktion (in some countries 1 t costs more then 100 ) Methan-production ( we produce around 2 MW from digestion) Metall recycling Avoiding of a landfill ( an engeered Landfill can cost 10 per m3 and more) Costs: Investment Finanziell cost Operation dost Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

37 Costs and proceeds for recycling Surplus from recycling today Time in years breakeven for emerging markets breakeven for Industrialized countries Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

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39 Further experience There is a lack of examples of concepts adapted to the regional possibilities and needs of the poorer countries. It is understandable that the representatives of industrial companies are trying to sell their products but these are not always suitable for the respective situation. We have seen that several thousand refuse containers with a European standard were sold to a city of millions, but there were no suitable vehicles with which these containers could be unloaded. As a result, the containers were emptied manually onto a truck as before. Such dubious investments exist, however, not only for individual components, but also for whole systems. Especially if there are subsidies for investments, the EU, the World Bank, etc., there is the danger that too large and too expensive plants will be desired. The fact that expensive installations often lead to high operating costs is often ignored. Since the subsidy is normally only for the initial investment and not the operating costs, such installations are no longer used in substantial operating parts after a short time. Unfortunately, there are such investment ruins worldwide. Another problem is often that the employees of the licensing authorities do not need to be aware of the procedures, but have to be involved intensively. Unfortunately, these employees are often not able to get information in other countries. Training of internationally experienced instructors in the respective target country should take place here. Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

40 Possible Future For nearly all waste problems there exists already a practical solution. Unfortunately, the associated costs with this solution can befinanced from the value of the products only in the fewest cases. If we really want to solve the waste problems in this world, we have to look for ways of funding. The most suitable seems to be the responsibility of the producers, as well as this is accepted in Europe long ago. However, voluntary solutions should be preferred, as there is in some countries a risk that, if it is under the responsibility of a ministry, a lot of money will remain in the administration. Possible solutions are on hand, we have to make use of them. Waste to Energy - ICCR conference Vienna Sept

41 Thank you for your attention! Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 41