CONVENIENCE CENTER MASTER PLAN

Transcription

1 PREPARED FOR: WAKE COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES 337 SALISBURY STREET RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT DIVISION CONVENIENCE CENTER PROGRAM CONVENIENCE CENTER MASTER PLAN NOVEMBER 2012 PREPARED BY: 2211 WEST MEADOWVIEW ROAD, SUITE 101 GREENSBORO, NORTH CAROLINA NC LICENSE NUMBER C-0782 PHONE: (336) FAX: (336) JEI PROJECT NO

2 SECTION WAKE COUNTY CONVENIENCE CENTER MASTER PLAN Table of Contents PAGE 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY HISTORY INTRODUCTION Project Description Convenience Center Background Plan Goal CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Expansion Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility Wake County Solid Waste Management Page ii Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

3 9.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services Site Utilization Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility SUMMARY Recommended Convenience Center Modifications Wake County Solid Waste Management Page iii Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

4 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX 1... OVERALL LOCATION MAP APPENDIX 2... POPULATION PROJECTIONS APPENDIX WASTE CHARACTERIZATION STUDY APPENDIX 4... RESIDENTIAL SURVEY RESULTS APPENDIX 5... NC DOT AADT MAPS Wake County Solid Waste Management Page iv Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

5 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Wake County Convenience Center Program provides a valuable service to the residents of Wake County. With nearly half of the County domain being unincorporated and approximately 20% of the total population residing within this area, a program such as this is necessary to ensure the health and safety of the residents. Approximately 5-10% of the household waste and recyclables generated in Wake County are handled through the Convenience Center Program at approximately $70/ton, including disposal. For fiscal year, 50,384 tons of material were processed through the Convenience Center Program for a net cost of $3,536,525. The program costs can be broken down into: disposal (46%), hauling (26%), labor (21%) and equipment/containers (7%). Though areas of this program can be reevaluated to make it more cost effective, the residential utilization justifies the implementation of a convenience center program in Wake County. During the 2011 fiscal year, the County implemented changes in the recyclables protocol so that the majority of the reimbursable revenue would remain with the County recycling program. These changes significantly increased the benefit and reduced the cost of recycling. 2.0 HISTORY Wake County s eleven convenience centers were located, designed and built in the early 1980 s. The County, recognizing its responsibility to protect the environment and keep the County a clean, healthy and enjoyable place to live, built the convenience centers to prevent illegal garbage dumping. The County believed that people would properly dispose of their trash as long as they had a reasonably convenient way to do so. The convenience center sites were located in the more remote, non-municipal areas of the County. These locations were selected because people who live in rural areas, outside of city limits, have less access to curbside collection service, and therefore have a stronger need for a disposal site. Over the years the convenience center program has generally been a success. The centers have been well utilized, serving an important need of the citizens. However, The County s population has grown tremendously and city limits have expanded since the centers were first opened which have created a need to reinvestigate the population demands and functionality of the convenience centers from time-to-time. Joyce Engineering, Inc. (JEI) was contracted and has provided Wake County with a Convenience Center System Transition Plan in 2005 and a Pilot Study in 2010 to help ensure that the convenience center program is sustainable and feasible. 3.0 INTRODUCTION 3.1 Project Description The purpose of the Convenience Center Master Plan is to build on the previous studies and provide Wake County with a comprehensive plan with analysis for each of their convenience centers (CC# 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11). JEI will evaluate each site and prepare a long-range convenience center plan in order to assist Wake County with providing necessary waste disposal and recycling services. The Plan contains historical data, existing site information, and recommended future planning components. Recommendations provided are based on previous studies, input from the municipalities and the engineer s opinion based on site investigations. This Master Plan is designed to be easily updated in the future as the solid waste management needs of the Wake County residents change. Each site section can be used as a stand-alone report as needed. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 1 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

6 3.2 Convenience Center Background Convenience Centers are trash and recycling drop-off stations open to all Wake County residential customers. This program is funded through an annual availability fee charged to residential customers for use of the convenience centers. All sites are open daily from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. except on Thanksgiving and Christmas holidays. Currently, there are eleven separate sites available to the residents in the unincorporated areas of Wake County and which provide a supplemental waste disposal service to the twelve municipalities within Wake County. The associated municipalities include Apex, Cary, Fuquay-Varina, Garner, Holly Springs, Knightdale, Morrisville, Raleigh, Rolesville, Wake Forest, Wendell and Zebulon (see Appendix 1). Wake County standard acceptable materials at the convenience sites include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Books Cardboard & Chipboard (Cereal & Snack Boxes) Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Garbage (Household only) Glass Bottles & Jars (Clear, Green or Brown) Oyster Shells Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Plastic (Bottles #1 7, Dairy Containers) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Shoes and Clothing Telephone Books Unacceptable materials include: Bricks, concrete, stone commercial, industrial and institutional waste burning or smoldering material white goods lead-acid batteries scrap tires yard waste, stumps/logs household hazardous waste infectious waste/untreated regulated medical waste radioactive waste liquid waste and sewage plant sludge used motor oil drums, tanks dead animals Additional services may be offered as needed at individual locations and will be discussed further in this Plan. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 2 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

7 3.3 Plan Goal The goal of the Master Plan is to determine if each convenience center is functioning properly in order to meet the needs of the region in an efficient manner. If not, what changes and/or improvements need to be implemented to ensure that each site provides sufficient waste disposal and recycling services. A Waste Characterization Study was performed in 2011 to evaluate the waste stream composition (See Appendix 3) and was reviewed in preparation of this Plan. The data demonstrates the need for additional recycling and yard waste facilities that could be incorporated in the County Convenience Center Program. According to the US Census Bureau, Wake County added 273,054 residents to their population since 2000 (see Appendix 2). In order to satisfy the needs of the increasing population, Wake County has consistently evaluated the individual regions and adjusted the amenities, as they deemed necessary. Having a Master Plan for the convenience centers will allow Wake County to evaluate the convenience center program as a whole and plan efficiently for the future. In addition, the Plan will demonstrate how the goals and objectives for each convenience center will be met, as well as include a schedule for the implementation of these goals, as necessary. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 3 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

8 Wake County Convenience Center Site 1 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 4 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

9 4.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at Old Stage Road in Raleigh, NC on a 2.28-acre piece of property owned by Wake County. The surrounding demographic is largely unincorporated, residential. The adjacent municipalities are the Town of Fuquay-Varina to the southwest and the Town of Garner to the northeast. Recent changes that have been implemented at this site in include: segregation of construction and demolition (C&D) type debris and municipal solid waste (MSW) with C&D disposal provided with a dedicated open top container and MSW handled with a pre-crusher, addition of white goods, used clothing and books collection, and installation of a new MSW pre-crusher. The existing pre-crushers were moved to the area where the scrap metal container was currently located and designated as a bulk waste area. All vehicles with large bulky loads of waste are to be directed to this area. Figure 1. Convenience Center 1 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 5 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

10 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes In addition to the standard acceptable wastes as defined by Wake County, additional materials currently collected at this location include large appliances (white goods), electronic waste, residential and construction and demolition debris and a small container is in place to accept paint cans. The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (2) Pre-Crusher (JV, Marathon) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Pre-Crusher (RJ 575) o C&D (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Compactor (250 SC) with Stand Alone 30 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (1) Open Top 40 yd container o Scrap Metal (1) Open Top Walk-In 30 yd container o Electronics An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 6 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

11 On average, this site receives approximately 6,535 tons of material for landfill disposal (~62% more than average for the 11 sites) and 706 tons of recyclables annually (~25% more than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 15% of the total landfilled material and 11% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 1 Tonnages CC#1 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 6,952 6,461 6,195 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented The Town of Fuquay-Varina and the Town of Garner provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Fuquay-Varina and Garner Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Fuquay-Varina Garner MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Bulk Items Scheduled Weekly (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Yard Waste Scheduled Weekly (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A HHW Annual Annual (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Recyclables Biweekly Biweekly (paper, plastic, glass) Electronics N/A N/A (computers, printers, small appliances) Dead animals N/A N/A Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 7 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

12 4.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 92% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and 73% were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 64% utilized Site 1 at least once a week. This site primarily serves residents in the adjacent unincorporated areas of Wake County and serves as the main source for disposal of their household waste. Efficiency and capacity does not appear to be a concern at this site at this time. 4.4 Future Planning Additional Services The general container configuration for this site is functioning properly for the disposal services that are provided. However, collection of additional materials such as large appliances (white goods): A/C units, refrigerator, washer/dryer, water heater, etc., electronic equipment: Computer Equipment, TVs, VCR/DVD Player, Stereos, Phones, Copiers, etc., motor oil, oil filters, antifreeze, lead-acid batteries, latex paint, cooking oil, tires and residential construction and demolition debris would be valuable to this site Site Feasibility This site receives more waste annually than any of the other convenience center sites in the Wake County program. With the current site utilization, addition of recycling and disposal services could bring in marketable commodities to this site. This location has the ability to develop into a localized multi-material center that offers expanded recycling opportunities and waste disposal needs. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 8 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

13 Wake County Convenience Center Site 2 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 9 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

14 5.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 6025 Old Smithfield Rd in Apex, NC right off Highway 55. The convenience center encompasses approximately 0.7 acres of a 7.15-acre parcel that is owned by Wake County. This location is situated between the incorporated municipalities of Holly Springs and Apex, NC. Recent changes to this include the addition of used clothing and books collection and new concrete pads for roll-off containers in January Collection and segregation of MSW and C&D was implemented in April This service was permanently established at this site in September have recently been implemented such as pavement resurfacing and a secondary entrance. This site adjacent to one of two multi-material recycling centers located within Wake County. The South Wake Multi-Material Recycling Facility (MMRF) was built to accept wastes that are banned from landfills, such as tires and appliances. Throughout the years, this facility has grown to accept other material for recycling from local businesses and residents. Between the MMRF and Site 7, the residents and businesses in this area have access to almost all of their waste disposal needs. Figure 1. Convenience Center 2 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 10 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

15 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes Only standard acceptable wastes as defined by Wake County are accepted at this location. The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (JV) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (2) Open Top 40 yd container o C&D, Scrap Metal (1) Compactor (225) Open Top 30 yd container o Commingled recyclables An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations. The adjacent drop off site, South Wake Multi-Material Recycling Facility, also accepts: Baby Strollers & Car Seats Lead-Acid Batteries CD s, DVD s & VHS tapes Motor Oil & Oil Filters Cellphones Tires Electronic Equipment Toys Household Hazardous Wastes White Goods (As a separate program) Cooking Oil Antifreeze Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 11 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

16 On average, this site receives approximately 4647 tons of material for landfill disposal (~15% more than average for the 11 sites) and 456 tons of recyclables annually (~20% less than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 10% of the total landfilled material and 7% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 2 Tonnages CC#2 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 4,513 4,755 4,673 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented. Holly Springs and Apex provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Holly Springs and Apex Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Holly Springs Apex MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Bulk Items Scheduled Scheduled (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Yard Waste Weekly Weekly (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A HHW Annual Annual (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Recyclables Weekly Weekly (paper, plastic, glass) Electronics N/A N/A (computers, printers, small appliances) Dead animals As reported N/A The Town of Apex contracts with private waste companies to handle curbside collection of household garbage and recycling for their residents. However, the Town of Apex does handles the weekly curbside pick-up of yard waste. As an additional service to its residential recycling customers, they also accept old computers and electronics (excluding televisions) that are dropped off at the Public Works & Utilities facility. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 12 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

17 5.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 49% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 44% utilized Site 2 at least once a week. This site serves both residents in the adjacent unincorporated areas of Wake County as the main source for disposal of their household waste and residents of Holly Springs and Apex as a supplementary source for household waste disposal. Efficiency and capacity does not appear to be a concern at this site at this time. 5.4 Future Planning Currently this site is in the process of being re-configured and will not be addressed at this time in this master plan Additional Services Site Feasibility Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 13 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

18 Wake County Convenience Center Site 3 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 14 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

19 6.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This convenience center is located at 266 Aviation Parkway, Morrisville, NC. The property, which is owned by Wake County, is approximately 4 acres, with the convenience center site situated within a 1-acre area at the front of the property closest to Aviation Parkway. The property is located less than a mile southwest of Lake Crabtree and approximately 500 feet from the Town of Morrisville s Public Works Department Facility. The surrounding area (within a 5-mile radius of Site 3) is predominantly incorporated by the Town of Morrisville, the Town of Cary and the City of Raleigh. Nearby unincorporated regions primarily consist of the properties in the vicinity of the Raleigh-Durham International Airport to the northeast, and the Research Triangle Park to the northwest. Recent changes to this site in 2010 include the collection of used clothing and books and the installation of new concrete pads for roll-off containers. Collection and segregation of MSW and C&D was implemented in April However, this service was deemed infeasible and was not permanently established at this site. Figure 1. Convenience Center 3 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 15 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

20 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (RJ 575) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Enclosed 30 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (1) Open Top 40 yd container o Scrap Metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations based on site utilization data. In the customer survey conducted by the Town of Morrisville, only 18% claimed to use the facility in the evenings. Exhibit 1. Customer Survey 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? # Answer Response % 1 Morning 17 39% 2 Afternoon 19 43% 3 Evening 8 18% Total % Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 16 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

21 On average, this site receives approximately 2,580 tons of material for landfill disposal (~35% less than average for the 11 sites) and 550 tons of recyclables annually (equal to the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 6% of the total landfilled material and 9% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 3 Tonnages CC#3 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 2,549 2,526 2,660 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented. The Town of Morrisville, Town of Cary and the City of Raleigh provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Morrisville, Cary & Raleigh Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Morrisville Cary Raleigh MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Weekly Bulk Items 2 weeks per year Scheduled Scheduled (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Yard Waste Bimonthly Weekly Weekly (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A N/A HHW Annual Annual Annual (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Recyclables Weekly Biweekly Weekly (paper, plastic, glass) Electronics 2 weeks per year Scheduled Scheduled (computers, printers, small appliances) Dead animals N/A Weekly Scheduled The Town of Morrisville contracts with private waste companies to handle special collection needs for their residents. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 17 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

22 The Town of Cary provides a convenience center for residential use. convenience center accepts the following materials: The Cary MSW Cans Yard Waste Paper/Cardboard Bulk Items White Goods Glass Scrap Metal Electronics The City of Raleigh provides a yard waste disposal facility, and several recycling dropoff facilities throughout the city. 6.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. An online survey was recently conducted by the Town of Morrisville to collect information about how their residents utilize the site. The survey and results are included in Appendix 4. Additionally, Joyce Engineering, Inc. (JEI) collected information from site users in 2005 to better understand the site use. A consistent result from the surveys is that a large percentage of Site 3 users indicated that they do pay for curbside service (58% in Morrisville s survey and 74% in JEI s survey). These customers value the site because it enables them to properly dispose of additional items that are not regularly collected as part of their curbside programs such as bulky items, electronics and cardboard. In Morrisville s survey, when asked what they normally bring for recycling, nearly half reported cardboard and for trash disposal approximately 40% reported large or bulky items that could not fit in their curbside containers. Other items not consistently collected through curbside programs include HHW, oil, batteries, tires and white goods. Several respondents to Morrisville s survey indicated that they would like to be able to dispose of these items at Site 3. The County does currently provide for disposal of such items at the North Wake and South Wake Multi-Material Recycling Facilities, although these sites are approximately 10 to 15 miles from the Morrisville/Cary area. Survey results suggest that customers prefer a short travel distance and the closer they live to a site, the more likely they are to utilize it. For example, in JEI s survey, 81% of the customers at Site 3 traveled less than 5 miles to get to the site. Similarly, in the Morrisville survey 83% of respondents indicated that they did not use any other recycling drop-off facilities in the County. Although many of the users of Site 3 are supplementing their curbside service, there remains a need for the availability of a drop-off site for household garbage and recyclables. As long as there are unincorporated areas near a convenience center site, providing a basic waste disposal and recycling option is a valuable County service because some residents of unincorporated areas will not have curbside collection. Site 3 provides this valuable service for the unincorporated surrounding areas. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 18 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

23 6.4 Future Planning Additional Services The Town of Morrisville and the Town of Cary have provided suggestions for additional services that would add value to Site 3. The Town of Morrisville has indicated that it would be beneficial, at a minimum, to add collection of residential construction and demolition (C&D) debris, used oil and yard waste. Other potential improvements discussed include potentially increasing the capacity for bulk waste and adding tire disposal. The Town of Cary has suggested that of the unaccepted items at their convenience center, a nearby disposal area for used oil, tires and lumber is of the highest demand for their residents. Upon review of the 2011 Waste Characterization Study performed by SCS Engineers for Wake County, the need for additional recycling and compost facilities in the County is evident. Exhibit 2. SCS Overall Waste Stream Composition The geographical location of Site 3 makes it a good candidate for expanding services. Being centered in the western part of the County, in a population dense area and near major highways (40, 440, 540) make it relatively easily accessible for a large number of people. In the Pilot Study Report from 2010, JEI reported that during a one month trial period of collecting C&D material at Site 3, 30% of the overall waste was C&D. This result suggests that if this service were added to the site, it would be heavily used. The Pilot Study also concluded that use of a pre-crusher for handling C&D may likely increase the efficiency of managing this waste because, compared to MSW, the density per haul of the C&D was much lower. As a result, more frequent hauls were required, offsetting cost savings for disposal of C&D at lower tipping fees than MSW. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 19 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

24 Table 3. C&D Trial Period Results from 2010 Pilot Study October June 2010 April 2010 Only April 2010 Only April 2010 Only October June 2010 Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 7 Site 11 % C&D* 10.8% 29.2% 32.4% 28.6% 13.4% C&D Density (tons/haul) MSW Density (tons/haul) C&D Haul Rate ($/haul) $ $97.20 $ $ $ C&D Haul Cost ($/ton) $25.21 $22.79 $36.53 $36.68 $29.87 C&D Disposal Rate ($/ton) $24.93 $24.93 $24.93 $31.50 $31.50 C&D Total ($/ton) $50.14 $47.72 $61.46 $68.18 $61.37 MSW Haul Rate ($/haul) $ $49.76 $ $ $ MSW Haul Cost ($/ton) $10.53 $6.20 $11.14 $13.86 $10.93 MSW Disposal Rate ($/ton) $32.00 $32.00 $32.00 $38.00 $38.00 MSW Total ($/ton) $42.53 $38.20 $43.14 $51.86 $48.93 Overall Haul Cost ($/ton) $13.00 $11.04 $19.37 $20.39 $15.86 Overall Disposal Cost ($/ton) $30.82 $29.94 $29.71 $36.14 $36.41 Overal Total ($/ton) $43.82 $40.98 $49.08 $56.53 $52.27 *For Sites 1 and 11, October % presented to compare with 1 month only sites JEI s 2005 study also indicated that bulky waste (similar to C&D) disposal was a major contributor to traffic congestion at sites due to lengthy unloading times and blocking other customers from easily accessing containers. This site tends to experience heavy traffic volume, which can back-up onto Aviation Parkway. This situation poses a threat to the safety of the roadway passengers and convenience center patrons. For these reasons, if additional services are added, more space is needed for new containers/equipment and to allow the site to function efficiently and safely. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 20 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

25 6.4.2 Site Expansion Feasibility Expansion of this facility would require relocation or acquisition of adjacent property. Much of the existing 4 acres cannot be developed because the property is bisected by a tributary of Crabtree Creek and the 100-year floodplain extends across most of the property to the south of the existing site (See Figure 3). Also, any expansion on the existing site would require that a turning lane be installed on Aviation Parkway. The addition of this feature would consume a majority of the northern portion of the property; thereby reducing the amount of space for waste disposal equipment and structures. The County has begun researching nearby properties that may be candidates for relocation of Site 3, and will likely continue to do so. Exhibit 3. Map of researched alternate CC site #3 locations Investigated alternate property One such property is the Town of Morrisville s Public Works Facility property. Recently there have been discussions between the Town of Morrisville and Wake County about the possibility of the Town moving its Public Works Facility and allowing the County to construct a new convenience center on the property to replace the existing Site 3. It is expected that this concept will be investigated further in the future. This deeded acreage for this property is with a total assessed value of $1,712,325 according to the property card on the Wake County GIS website. Whichever concept is deemed most feasible, the relocation of this facility to a nearby property or expansion onto the neighboring property would best satisfy the needs and demands of the residents. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 21 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

26 Wake County Convenience Center Site 4 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 22 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

27 7.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 3600 Yates Mill Pond in Raleigh, NC on approximately 2.3 acres within a 706-acre parcel owned by the state of North Carolina. This convenience center is located in the unincorporated area between the Town of Cary and the Town of Garner approximately a half mile from Yates Mill Park. This site has separate driveways for entrance and exit instead of the common turn-around area. This provides a more fluid and convenient drive pattern for the convenience center patrons through this site. Recent changes that have been implemented at this site in include collection of used clothing and books and installation of new concrete pads for roll-off containers and a drop off wall for C&D box. Figure 1. Convenience Center 4 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 23 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

28 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes This site also provides a walk in drop off box for electronics. The City of Raleigh collects the materials from this box once a week. The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (2) Pre-Crusher (RJ 575, JV) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Compactor (250 SC) with 40 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (2) 30yd container o Electronics(walk in), Commingled recyclables(side loaded) (2) Open Top 40 yd container o C&D, Scrap Metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 24 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

29 On average, this site receives approximately 5,846 tons of material for landfill disposal (~45% more than average for the 11 sites) and 889 tons of recyclables annually (~57% more than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 13% of the total landfilled material and 14% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 4 Tonnages CC#4 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 5,646 5,875 6,018 Recyclables (tons) 1, Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented. The Town of Cary and the Town of Garner provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Cary and Garner Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Cary Garner MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Bulk Items Scheduled Weekly (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Yard Waste Weekly Weekly (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A HHW Annual Annual (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Recyclables Biweekly Biweekly (paper, plastic, glass) Electronics Scheduled N/A (computers, printers, small appliances) Dead animals Weekly N/A The Town of Cary provides a convenience center for residential use. The Cary convenience center accepts the following materials: MSW Cans Yard Waste Paper/Cardboard Bulk Items White Goods Glass Scrap Metal Electronics Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 25 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

30 7.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 84% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and 52% were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 56% utilized Site 4 at least once a week. This site serves both residents in the adjacent unincorporated areas of Wake County as the main source for disposal of their household waste and residents of Cary and Garner as a supplementary source for household waste disposal. Efficiency and capacity does not appear to be a concern at this site at this time. 7.4 Future Planning This site has the ability to develop into a localized multi-material center that offers expanded recycling opportunities. However, this option is not being investigated at this time Additional Services The general container configuration for this site is functioning properly for the disposal services that are provided. However, collection of additional materials such as large appliances (white goods): A/C units, refrigerator, washer/dryer, water heater, etc., electronic equipment: Computer Equipment, TVs, VCR/DVD Player, Stereos, Phones, Copiers, etc., motor oil, oil filters, antifreeze, lead-acid batteries, latex paint, cooking oil, tires and residential construction and demolition debris would be valuable to this site Site Feasibility When comparing annual waste, this site receives the second highest volume of landfilled waste and recyclable material when compared to the other 10 sites in the Wake County Program. With the current site utilization, addition of recycling and disposal services could bring in marketable commodities to this site. This location has the ability to develop into a localized multi-material center that offers expanded recycling opportunities and waste disposal needs. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 26 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

31 Wake County Convenience Center Site 5 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 27 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

32 8.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 8401 Battle Bridge Rd in Raleigh, NC on a 3.5-acre site owned by the City of Raleigh. This property is located in an unincorporated section of Wake County. Adjacent incorporated municipalities include Garner to the southwest, Raleigh to the west, Knightdale to the north and Wendell to the northeast. This is a relatively small site, but appears to function properly for the area that it serves. Recent changes that have been implemented at this site in 2010 include collection of used clothing and books and installation of new concrete pads for roll-off containers and a new MSW pre-crusher. Figure 1. Convenience Center 5 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 28 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

33 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes Currently, no additional materials are collected at this site. The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (RJ 575) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Enclosed 30 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (1) Open Top 40 yd container o Scrap Metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 29 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

34 On average, this site receives approximately 2,797 tons of material for landfill disposal (~30% less than average for the 11 sites) and 285 tons of recyclables annually (~50% less than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 6% of the total landfilled material and 6% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 5 Tonnages CC#5 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 2,694 2,899 2,798 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented. The Town of Garner, City of Raleigh and Town of Knightdale provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Garner, Raleigh and Knightdale Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Garner Raleigh Knightdale MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Weekly Bulk Items Weekly Scheduled N/A (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Yard Waste Weekly Weekly Weekly (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A N/A HHW Annual Annual Annual (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Recyclables Biweekly Weekly Weekly (paper, plastic, glass) Electronics N/A Scheduled N/A (computers, printers, small appliances) Dead animals N/A Scheduled N/A The Town of Knightdale contracts with private waste companies to handle curbside collection for their residents. However, residents must contract directly with a private haulers for bulky items and white goods. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 30 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

35 8.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 75% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and 61% were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 54% utilized Site 5 at least once a week. This site serves both residents in the adjacent unincorporated areas of Wake County as the main source for disposal of their household waste and residents of Garner, Raleigh and Knightdale as a supplementary source for household waste disposal. Efficiency and capacity does not appear to be a concern at this site at this time. 8.4 Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility When comparing annual waste, this site receives the second lowest volume of landfilled waste and recyclable material when compared to the other 10 sites in the Wake County Program. With the current site utilization, phasing out the recycling and disposal services at this site could be beneficial to the Wake County Convenience Center Program. Site 10 is located within a 6-mile radius of this site and could provide the residents with their basic waste disposal and recycling needs. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 31 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

36 Wake County Convenience Center Site 6 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 32 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

37 9.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 3913 Lillie Liles Rd in Wake Forest, NC on a 2.42-acre parcel in the northeastern portion of Wake County. This property is owned by Wake County and is situated in a predominantly residential neighborhood approximately 1 mile north of US- 401N/Louisburg Road. The site is between the southern portions of the Town of Wake Forest and the Town of Rolesville with the City of Raleigh located to the southwest. However, the majority of the area surrounding the site (within a 5-mile radius) is unincorporated. Recent changes that have been implemented at this site in 2010 include collection of used clothing and books and installation of a new MSW pre-crusher. Figure 1. Convenience Center 6 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 33 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

38 This site only accepts the standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials, which include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (RJ 575) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Enclosed 30 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (1) Open Top 40 yd container o Scrap Metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations based on site utilization data. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 34 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

39 On average, this site receives approximately 3,305 tons of material for landfill disposal (~18% less than average for the 11 sites) and 522 tons of recyclables annually (about equal to the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 8% of the total landfilled material and 8% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 6 Tonnages CC#6 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 3,183 3,350 3,382 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented. The Town of Wake Forest, Town of Rolesville and the City of Raleigh provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Wake Forest, Rolesville & Raleigh Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Wake Forest Rolesville Raleigh MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Weekly Bulk Items (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Scheduled N/A Scheduled Yard Waste (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, Weekly Weekly Weekly small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A N/A HHW (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Annual Annual Annual Recyclables (paper, plastic, glass) Weekly Weekly Weekly Electronics (computers, printers, small N/A N/A Scheduled appliances) Dead animals N/A N/A Scheduled The Town of Rolesville contracts with private waste companies to handle curbside collection for their residents. An ordinance is in place that requires all residents to contract with Rolesville or provide proof that they have contracted with a private hauler. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 35 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

40 The City of Raleigh provides a yard waste disposal facility, and several recycling dropoff facilities throughout the city. 9.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. An online survey was recently conducted by the Town of Rolesville to collect information about how the residents utilize the site. The survey results are included in Appendix 4. Additionally, Joyce Engineering collected information from the site users in 2005 to better understand the site use. A consistent result from the surveys is that a large percentage of Site 6 users indicated that they do not pay for curbside service (62.5% in Rolesville s survey and 71% in JEI s survey). These customers value the site because it enables them to properly dispose of household garbage because they are not contracted in a curbside program. This site also provides them with a place to properly dispose of bulky items and recyclable material such as cardboard. The customer survey also indicated that a majority of the convenience center patrons utilize this site as their primary source for waste disposal and recycling on a weekly or monthly basis mainly in the afternoon time. Items not collected at this convenience center include used motor oil, electronics and yard waste. Over 50 % of the respondents to Rolesville s survey indicated that they would like to be able to dispose of these items at this site. The County does currently provide for disposal of such items at the North Wake Multi-Material Recycling Facilities, which is approximately 10 miles from this site. Exhibit 1. Customer Survey Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 36 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

41 Survey results suggest that customers prefer a short travel distance and the closer they live to a site, the more likely they are to utilize it. For example, in JEI s survey, 81% of the customers at Site 6 traveled less than 5 miles to get to the site. Because many of the users of Site 6 use this site as their main source for household waste disposal, there remains a need for the availability of a drop-off site in this area. As long as there are unincorporated areas near a convenience center site, providing a basic waste disposal and recycling option is a valuable County service because some residents of unincorporated areas will not have curbside collection. Site 6 provides this valuable service for the unincorporated surrounding areas. 9.4 Future Planning Additional Services Additional waste disposal services desired at this site by the residents include motor oil, yard waste and electronics. However, this site does not possess the ability to expand services without additional land disturbance and site construction Site Feasibility The need for this site is apparent through the utilization and customer survey. However, with the adjacent municipalities expanding their limits, relocation of this site could be considered. Figure 2 shows a desirable area for relocation. The area indicated is centrally located within the adjacent unincorporated Wake County, in between two arterial roads: Mitchell Mill and Rolesville. The existing site is currently located within a 5-mile radius of site 7. Relocation further east into would provide a more centralized drop-off site for the unincorporated area further away from the municipalities that provide curbside services. Figure 2. Vicinity Map for Possible Relocation Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 37 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

42 Upon review of the 2011 Waste Characterization Study performed by SCS Engineers for Wake County, the need for additional recycling services in the Raleigh/Wake Forest area is evident. Exhibit 2 below shows that approximately 30% of the waste stream from this area included recyclable goods (paper, plastic, glass) and approximately 5% contained material that could be used for composting (yard and wood waste). If this site were relocated to an area capable of providing these additional services, it would be beneficial to both residents of the local municipalities, adjacent unincorporated areas and the recycle/reuse programs in this area. Exhibit 2. SCS Residential Waste Stream Composition by Geographic Area Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 38 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

43 Wake County Convenience Center Site 7 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 39 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

44 10.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 9008 Deponie Dr in Raleigh, NC within a 216-acre parcel owned by Wake County. The convenience center encompasses approximately 2.3 acres of this property. Recent changes that have been implemented at this site in 2010 include collection of used clothing and books and installation of a new MSW pre-crusher. Collection and segregation of MSW and C&D was implemented in April This service was permanently established at this site in August A Master Plan drawing for this site was completed later that year by CDM and several components of this Plan are actively being implemented. This site is adjacent to one of two multi-material recycling centers located within Wake County. The North Wake Multi-Material Recycling Facility(MMRF) is adjacent to the closed North Wake Landfill and was built to accept wastes that are banned from landfills, such as tires and appliances. Throughout the years, this facility has grown to accept other material for recycling from local businesses and residents. Between the MMRF and Site 7, the residents and businesses in this area have access to almost all of their waste disposal needs. Figure 1. Convenience Center 7 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 40 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

45 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (RJ 575) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (325) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (2) Compactor (250 SC) o Commingled Recyclables, MSW (2) Enclosed 30 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (3) Open Top 40 yd container o (2)C&D, Scrap metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI do not intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations at this site. The adjacent drop off site, North Wake Multi-Material Recycling Facility, also accepts: Baby Strollers & Car Seats Lead-Acid Batteries CD s, DVD s & VHS tapes Motor Oil Cellphones Tires Electronic Equipment Toys Household Hazardous Wastes White Goods (As a separate program) Pesticides Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 41 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

46 On average, this site receives approximately 5,530 tons of material for landfill disposal (~37% more than average for the 11 sites) and 1,027 tons of recyclables annually (~80% more than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 12% of the total landfilled material and 16% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. CC#7 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 6,209 5,033 5,346 Recyclables (tons) 1, Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented. The Town of Wake Forest and the City of Raleigh provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Wake Forest and Raleigh Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Wake Forest Raleigh MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Bulk Items (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Scheduled Scheduled Yard Waste (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, Weekly Weekly small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A HHW (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Annual Annual Recyclables (paper, plastic, glass) Weekly Weekly Electronics (computers, printers, small N/A Scheduled appliances) Dead animals N/A Scheduled The City of Raleigh provides a yard waste disposal facility, and several recycling dropoff facilities throughout the city. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 42 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

47 10.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 42% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and 21% were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 30% utilized Site 7 at least once a week. This site primarily serves as a supplementary source for household waste and recyclable materials disposal for residents within the adjacent municipalities of Raleigh and Wake Forest. Efficiency and capacity does not appear to be a concern at this site at this time Future Planning Currently this site is in the process of being re-configured and will not be addressed in this master plan Additional Services Site Feasibility Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 43 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

48 Wake County Convenience Center Site 8 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 44 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

49 11.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 2001 Durham Rd NC 98 in Wake Forest, NC in a rural watershed area of Wake County that is not expected to be incorporated. The site is approximately a quarter of a mile west of Falls Lake on Hwy 98. The County leases 2.1 acres of land from the USACE to operate this convenience center and provide waste disposal services to the residents in the unincorporated areas. Recent changes that have been implemented at this site in 2010 include collection of used clothing and books and installation of new concrete pads for roll-off containers. Figure 1. Convenience Center 8 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 45 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

50 This site only accepts the standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials, which include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (JV) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Enclosed 40 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (1) Open Top 40 yd container o Scrap Metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations based on site utilization data. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 46 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

51 On average, this site receives approximately 3,870 tons of material for landfill disposal (~4% less than average for the 11 sites) and 697 tons of recyclables annually (~23% higher than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 10% of the total landfilled material and 11% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 8 Tonnages CC#8 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 3,585 3,865 4,162 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented.the Town of Wake Forest and the City of Raleigh provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Wake Forest & Raleigh Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Wake Forest Raleigh MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Bulk Items (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Scheduled Scheduled Yard Waste (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, Weekly Weekly small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A HHW (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Annual Annual Recyclables (paper, plastic, glass) Weekly Weekly Electronics (computers, printers, small N/A Scheduled appliances) Dead animals N/A Scheduled The City of Raleigh provides a yard waste disposal facility, and several recycling dropoff facilities throughout the city. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 47 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

52 11.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 75% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 67% utilized Site 8 at least once a week. This site serves both residents in the adjacent unincorporated areas of Wake County as the main source for disposal of their household waste and residents of Wake Forest and Raleigh as a supplementary source for disposal of household waste and recyclable material. The annual waste stream at this site has increased 16% since Capacity does not appear to be a concern at this site at this time. However, the current location does present a possible safety concern. The entrance/exit to the convenience center is directly off Highway 98. Interpolation of Annual Average Daily Traffic maps from NC DOT (See Appendix 5) resulted in an estimated 15,000 vehicles per day that travel on Highway 98. With a posted speed limit of 55 mph, ingress and egress from this site can be both difficult and dangerous. Traffic concerns were noted in the previous JEI study and with the increasing site utilization, the traffic flow at this site will increase Future Planning Additional Services No additional services are requested at this time Site Feasibility Customer safety is a concern for this site because the entrance/exit to the site is off Highway 98 with no designated turning lanes. Therefore, permitting and constructing a turn lane into Site 8 will increase patron safety and will provide a more continual highway traffic flow in this area. This turn lane could also provide temporary vehicle storage when the site is experiencing heavy traffic or prolonged unloading of waste or recyclable material. Exhibit 1. shows the basic design of a full right turn lane and a description of the pavement cross section. Construction of a right turn lane would require engineering design based on NC DOT requirements and standards. Coordination with NC DOT to obtain a Street and Driveway Access Permit would be required before construction could begin. The existing roadway does not appear to have any features that would hinder construction of a right turn lane into this site. The approximate cost to design, permit and construct a full right turn lane is approximately $80,000 (See Exhibit 2. Engineer s Opinion of Cost). Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 48 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

53 Exhibit 1. NCDOT Turn Lanes Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 49 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

54 Wake County Convenience Center Site 9 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 50 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

55 12.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 3337 New Hill-Holleman Rd in New Hill, NC, an unincorporated section in the southwestern corner of Wake County. The convenience center is situated on approximately 1.5 acres within a 2629-acre parcel owned by Carolina Power and Light Company. The adjacent municipalities include Holly Springs to the east and Apex to the northeast. Recent changes that have been implemented at this site in 2010 include collection of used clothing and books. Figure 1. Convenience Center 9 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 51 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

56 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (JV) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Enclosed 30 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (1) Open Top 40 yd container o Scrap Metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 52 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

57 On average, this site receives approximately 1,995 tons of material for landfill disposal (~50% less than to the average for the 11 sites) and 277 tons of recyclables annually (~51% less than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 4% of the total landfilled material and 4% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 9 Tonnages CC#9 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 1,924 1,924 2,138 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented.the Town of Holly Springs and the Town of Apex provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Holly Springs and Apex Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Holly Springs Apex MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Bulk Items Scheduled Scheduled (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Yard Waste Weekly Weekly (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A HHW Annual Annual (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Recyclables Weekly Weekly (paper, plastic, glass) Electronics N/A N/A (computers, printers, small appliances) Dead animals As reported N/A The Town of Apex contracts with private waste companies to handle curbside collection of household garbage and recycling for their residents. However, the Town handles the weekly curbside pick-up of yard waste. As an additional service to its residential recycling customers, the Town of Apex accepts old computers and electronics (excluding televisions) that are dropped off at the Public Works & Utilities facility. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 53 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

58 12.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 85% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 65% utilized Site 9 at least once a week. This site primarily serves the residents in the adjacent unincorporated areas of Wake County as the main source for disposal of their household waste and the residents of Holly Springs and Apex as a supplementary source for disposal of household waste and recyclable material Future Planning Additional Services Site Feasibility When comparing annual waste, this site receives the lowest volume of landfilled waste and recyclable material when compared to the other 10 sites in the Wake County Program. With the current site utilization, phasing out the recycling and disposal services at this site could be beneficial to the Wake County Convenience Center Program. Site 2 and the South Wake Multi-Material Recycling Facility are located within a 5-mile radius of this site and could provide the residents with both basic and expanded waste disposal and recycling needs. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 54 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

59 Wake County Convenience Center Site 10 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 55 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

60 13.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 5216 Knightdale Eagle Rd. in Knightdale, NC. The convenience center is situated on approximately 2.5 acres within a 190-acre parcel owned by Carolina Power and Light Company. This location is in an unincorporated area of Wake County in between the Town of Knightdale and the Town of Wendell. Recent changes that have been implemented at this site in 2010 include collection of used clothing and books. Figure 1. Convenience Center 10 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 56 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

61 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (RJ 575) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Compactor (250) with 30 yd container o Commingled Recyclables (2) Open Top 40 yd container o C&D, Scrap Metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 57 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

62 On average, this site receives approximately 3,688 tons of material for landfill disposal (~8% less than average for the 11 sites) and 410 tons of recyclables annually (~27% less than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 8% of the total landfilled material and 7% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 10 Tonnages CC#10 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 3,409 3,790 3,866 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented. The Town of Knightdale and the Town of Wendell provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Knightdale and Wendell Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Knightdale Wendell MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Bulk Items N/A Weekly (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Yard Waste Weekly Weekly (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A HHW Annual Annual (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Recyclables Weekly Weekly (paper, plastic, glass) Electronics N/A N/A (computers, printers, small appliances) Dead animals N/A N/A Knightdale and Wendell contract with private waste companies to handle curbside collection of household garbage and recycling for their residents. However, the Town of Wendell provides weekly curbside pick-up of yard waste and bulky goods. Knightdale residents must contract directly with a private haulers for bulky items and white goods. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 58 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

63 13.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 86% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and 78% were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 66% utilized Site 10 at least once a week. This site primarily serves the residents in the adjacent unincorporated areas of Wake County as the main source for disposal of their household waste and the residents of Knightdale and Wendell as a supplementary source for disposal of household waste and recyclable material Future Planning Currently this site is functioning adequately to provide waste disposal and recycling services to the area that it serves and no specific site improvements are anticipated for the master plan at this time Additional Services Site Feasibility Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 59 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

64 Wake County Convenience Center Site 11 Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 60 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

65 14.0 CONVENIENCE CENTER Existing Site and Services This site is located at 5051 Wendell Boulevard (US 64 Business Hwy) in Wendell, NC on approximately 1.6 acres within a 4.3-acre parcel owned by Wake County. This location is in an unincorporated area of Wake County in between the Town of Zebulon and the Town of Wendell. Recent changes implemented at this site in 2010 include: Segregated C&D and MSW with C&D disposal provided with a dedicated open top container and MSW handled with a pre-crusher, collection of used motor oil, used oil filters, antifreeze, cooking oil, lead-acid batteries, electronics (including televisions), scrap tires, latex paint, used clothing and books, construction of a driveway, a service lane and concrete wall and installation of a new MSW pre-crusher. The impact of these recent changes and services offered are currently being evaluated for this site. Figure 1. Convenience Center 11 Vicinity Map Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 61 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

66 The standard Wake County Convenience Center Program materials accepted include: Aluminum & Steel Cans Oyster Shells Books Paper (Catalogs, Office Paper, Junk Cardboard & Chipboard Mail, Magazines, Newspaper) Clothing Plastic (Bottles #1-7, Dairy Furniture (less than 8 feet in length) Containers) Household Garbage (MSW) Scrap Metal (Bicycles, Grills, Glass Bottles & Jars Mowers, Pipes, Swing Sets, etc.) Telephone Books Shoes Additional materials collected include large appliances (white goods): A/C units, refrigerator, washer/dryer, water heater, etc., electronic equipment: Computer Equipment, TVs, VCR/DVD Player, Stereos, Phones, Copiers, etc., motor oil, oil filters, antifreeze, lead-acid batteries, latex paint, cooking oil, tires and residential construction and demolition debris in separate collection containers. The primary equipment on-site to handle this waste includes: (1) Pre-Crusher (JV) with a 40 yd container o MSW, Bulky items (1) Compactor (225) with 40 yd container o Cardboard (1) Pre-Crusher (RJ 575) with a 40 yd container o C&D (3) Enclosed 30 yd container o Commingled Recyclables, Electronics, Scrap Tire (1) Open Top 40 yd container o Scrap Metal An on-site attendant is present at all times during operating hours to assist the residents and ensure that only acceptable wastes are disposed in the proper areas. As with other Wake County convenience centers, this site is open 7 days a week from 7 a.m. 7 p.m. Wake County and JEI intend to research the effects of limiting the hours of operations. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 62 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

67 On average, this site receives approximately 3,504 tons of material for landfill disposal (~13% less than average for the 11 sites) and 411 tons of recyclables annually (~27% less than the average for the 11 sites). These quantities account for approximately 8% of the total landfilled material and 7% of the total recyclables collected through the County s Convenience Center Program. Table 1. Convenience Center 11 Tonnages CC#11 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 Landfilled Material (tons) 3,417 3,690 3,405 Recyclables (tons) Average of All 11 Sites Landfilled Material (tons) 4,007 4,015 4,058 Recyclables (tons) Total Conv. Center Program Landfilled Material (tons) 44,082 44,169 44,642 Recyclables(tons) 7,944 5,016 5, Local Municipal Waste & Recycling Services In an effort to evaluate services offered at this site, waste services for adjacent municipalities were investigated and documented. The Town of Zebulon and the Town of Wendell provide curbside collection services for household waste, recyclables and other items, as summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Zebulon and Wendell Curbside Waste/Recyclables Collection Zebulon Wendell MSW (household garbage) Weekly Weekly Bulk Items Weekly Weekly (Indoor and outdoor furniture) Yard Waste Weekly Weekly (bagged grass, scrub trimmings, small limbs) C&D (bricks, concrete, lumber) N/A N/A HHW Annual Annual (paints, pesticides, chemicals) Recyclables Weekly Weekly (paper, plastic, glass) Electronics N/A N/A (computers, printers, small appliances) Dead animals N/A N/A Wendell contracts with private waste companies to handle curbside collection of household garbage and recycling for their residents. However, the Town of Wendell handles the weekly curbside pick-up of yard waste and bulky items. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 63 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

68 14.3 Site Utilization One of the County s primary goals for the Convenience Center Program is for each site to provide necessary but non-redundant services for the area it serves. From the 2005 JEI Study, 76% of the convenience center patrons were from the unincorporated area and were not contracted for curbside service. The survey also showed that 67% utilized Site 11 at least once a week. This site primarily serves the residents in the adjacent unincorporated areas of Wake County as the main source for disposal of their household waste and the residents of Zebulon and Wendell as a supplementary source for disposal of household waste and recyclable material Future Planning Currently this site is functioning adequately to provide waste disposal and recycling services to the area that it serves and no specific site improvements are anticipated for the master plan at this time Additional Services Site Feasibility Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 64 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

69 15.0 SUMMARY The Wake County Convenience Center Program provides the residents with invaluable and essential site locations to dispose of their household waste and recyclable materials. It is Wake County s duty under the Solid Waste Management Act of 1989 to plan for and provide the most efficient and effective countywide program of solid waste management possible. The Convenience Center Program is a vital part of the County s solid waste management program. JEI has continually performed studies to ensure that the convenience center program is functioning to satisfy the County s mission statement: To provide an effective, affordable and sustainable solid waste management system by coordinating and integrating services among the County and municipalities therein. Each convenience center has been evaluated to determine if it is functioning in a sustainable, feasible manner. To demonstrate their impact on the Wake County Convenience Center Program, Table 1 lists each site, operating footprint acreage, average waste disposal contribution and average annual cost and revenue values based on historical data from Table 1. Convenience Center Data Site # Footprint (ac) Landfilled Waste (tons) CC Program Contribution (Landfilled Waste) Recyclable Material (tons) CC Program Contribution (Recyclable Material) Avg Annual Operating Cost Avg Annual Revenue ,535 15% % $403,151 $6, ,647 10% 456 7% $265,263 $2, ,580 6% 550 9% $207,615 $6, ,846 13% % $369,252 $9, ,797 6% 285 6% $205,763 $2, ,305 8% 522 8% $239,090 $5, ,530 12% 1,027 16% $425,720 $10, ,870 10% % $278,625 $6, ,995 4% 277 4% $163,111 $1, ,688 8% 410 7% $244,478 $4, ,504 8% 411 7% $267,990 $4,158 Total 44,297 6,230 $3,070,058 $61,016 During the 2011 fiscal year, the County implemented changes in the recyclables protocol so that the majority of the reimbursable revenue would remain with the County recycling program. These changes increased the revenue by approximately $762,700 when compared to the average amount received in FY Table 2 shows the cost and revenue comparison. Table 2. Convenience Center Cost/Revenue Comparison FY (Avg) FY 2011 Difference % Increase CC Program Cost 3,070,058 3,427,095 $357,037 12% CC Program Revenue 61, ,712 $762, % Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 65 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

70 Overall, the convenience center sites are functioning properly. Studies have shown that a large number of recyclable materials are in the waste stream. Increased recycling services and public knowledge can reduce this quantity and help the Program gain revenue from these materials. Investigation of reducing the operating hours and addition of disposal services that require a fee could also increase revenue. However, few sites have the land capacity to expand and offer any additional services. Any recommendations or improvements offered in this Master Plan are based on the information obtained from meetings with Wake County and local municipalities, resident s feedback and JEI site investigations and utilization evaluations. Site revisions are suggested because Wake County s population is continuously growing and municipal limits are continually expanding. Not because the sites are ill equipped or mismanaged. The ever-changing waste stream demand from each site s service area requires the convenience center services to alter on a periodic basis Recommended Convenience Center Modifications Convenience Suggested Modification Center Site 1 Investigate expanding services 2 None at this time 3 Expansion or relocation of center to provide additional services such as collection of C&D material, lumber, yard waste, bulk waste, white goods, used oil, tires 4 Investigate expanding services 5 Investigate phasing out 6 Relocation of site further into unincorporated area; away from expanding municipal limits of Wake Forest, Rolesville and Raleigh 7 Currently under re-work by CDM 8 Construction of a right turn lane of Highway 98 9 Investigate phasing out 10 None at this time 11 Currently under investigation by Joyce Engineering. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 66 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

71 Year(s) Activity 2011 Complete site investigations and Convenience Center Master Plan 2012 Investigate reduction in operating hours at all sites Expand/relocate Convenience Center 3. Investigate expanding services at Site 1 and 4 to mirror services at Site 11. Investigate phasing out of Sites 5 and Permit and construct right turn lane for Convenience Center Investigate property available within proposed feasible area for Site 6. Construct cost estimate to determine practicability Re-evaluate convenience center program to determine if any improvements or revisions are required to ensure that the individual sites are providing adequate services to maintain the efficiency of the Wake County Convenience Center Program. Wake County Solid Waste Management Page 67 Joyce Engineering Interim Convenience Center Master Plan Revised November 2012 P:\Wake County\Wake County Convenience Centers\2013 CC Master Plan\2013 Wake County MP Narrative.docx

72 APPENDIX 1 Convenience Centers Location Map

73

74 APPENDIX 2 Wake County Population Projections

75 Job: Wake County Convenience Centers Job Number: Calculated By: HRW Date: 12/1/2011 Subject: Wake County Population Data Year Population Percent increase , , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % * , % * , % * Projection - NC State Demographer 1,200,000 1,000, , , , ,000 0 Wake County Population Wake County Population

76 APPENDIX Wake County Waste Characterization Study

77 Wake County, North Carolina Waste Characterization Study Summary of Results May 2011 Presented to: Wake County Solid Waste Management Division 336 Fayetteville Street PO Box 550 Raleigh, North Carolina Presented by: SCS ENGINEERS Roger Bacon Drive Suite 300 Reston, Virginia (703) August 9, 2011 File No Offices Nationwide

78 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Table of Contents Section Page 1. Introduction Approach... 2 Waste Sampling... 2 Waste Sorting... 2 Data Methodology Summary of Results... 7 Overall Waste Stream Composition... 7 MSW Composition by Sector Commercial Single-Family Residential Multi-Family Residential Residential Sector Comparison Geographic Comparison Waste Diversion Opportunities Recyclable Materials Compostable Materials List of Exhibits No. Page Exhibit 1. Description of Waste Categories... 4 Exhibit 2. Overall Waste Stream Composition... 7 Exhibit 3. Commercial Waste Stream Composition Exhibit 4. Single-family Residential Waste Stream Composition Exhibit 5. Multi-Family Residential Waste Stream Composition Exhibit 6. Residential Waste Stream Composition by Geographic Area Exhibit 7. Commercial Waste Stream Recyclable and Compostable Composition Exhibit 8. Single-family Waste Stream Recyclable and Compostable Composition Exhibit 9. Multi-Family Waste Stream Recyclable and Compostable Composition Exhibit 10. Recyclable, Compostable, and Trash Materials Appendices Appendix A Appendix B Data Collection Forms Health and Safety Plan i

79 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results 1. INTRODUCTION In May 2011, Wake County Solid Waste Management Division contracted with SCS Engineers (SCS) to conduct a waste composition analysis of residential and commercial waste generated in Wake County, North Carolina (the County). The primary objectives of the study were as follows: To estimate types and quantities of recyclable waste components in the residential and commercial waste streams; and To establish a baseline waste composition that can be used to monitor the success of recycling programs in future years. The basis for this waste characterization consisted of a week-long sampling event, during which 100 waste samples were collected and sorted from various generator sectors and haulers. The data will be used by the County to develop long-term waste management strategies and to evaluate the effectiveness of current recycling programs. The remaining sections of this report are organized as follows: Section 2 describes field classification and sampling methods. Section 3 presents project data and results gathered from the study. Appendix A presents the forms used to record data Appendix B presents the Health and Safety plan for the field activities 1

80 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results 2. APPROACH This section summarizes methods used to characterize the waste stream generated in Wake County. Sampling was conducted from May 23 through May 31, Waste characterization activities were performed by manually sorting samples from municipal solid waste (MSW) into distinct material categories. WASTE SAMPLING Waste sorting was performed at the South Wake Transfer Station adjacent to the South Wake Landfill. Given the limited size of the data set (twenty samples sorted per day), it was important that simple random sampling and unrepresentative data were avoided. Simple random sampling may not include all service areas and thus could bias the results. Unrepresentative data includes commercial waste or community events that generate atypical or seasonal waste. Each day vehicles from select areas and haulers were diverted from the South Wake Landfill or East Wake Transfer Station to the sorting area. Drivers were directed to dump their waste loads onto a designated area of the tipping floor. A front-end loader supplied by Waste Industries randomly gathered a sample from a quadrant from each target load (approximately two hundred pounds) for classification (sorting). Two important procedural factors were considered: The vehicle selected for sampling contained MSW that was representative of the type of waste typically generated in that service area; and The process of acquiring the waste sample did not, in itself, alter the apparent MSW composition. The sort sample was obtained as follows: 1. The refuse vehicle dumped its load onto the designated area on the tipping floor. This area had sufficient room to allow the front-end loader to grab a sample from the refuse. 2. A front-end loader grabbed a refuse sample from a randomly selected quadrant of the dumped load. 3. The front-end loader carried the sample to the area immediately in front of the sort crew and deposited it into 32-gallon trash cans. The trash cans were weighed and set aside until at least two hundred pounds from the discharged load had been selected for characterization. WASTE SORTING The sorting and weighing program for samples entailed the use of two sorting crews and two SCS Crew Chiefs. Samples were characterized into the waste components shown in Exhibit 1. During each day of fieldwork, waste loads from specified service areas and routes were diverted to the Transfer Station near the South Wake Landfill. The basic procedures and objectives for sorting (as described below) were identical for each sample, each day. Sorting was performed as 2

81 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results follows: 1. The sort crew transferred the refuse sample onto the sorting table until it was full and began sort activities. Large or heavy waste items, such as bags of household waste, were torn open, examined and then placed directly into the appropriate waste container for subsequent weighing. 2. Plastic bags of refuse were opened and sort crew members manually segregated each item of waste, according to categories defined in Exhibit 1 and placed it in the appropriate waste container. These steps were repeated until the whole sample was sorted. 3. At the completion of sorting, the waste containers were moved to the scale where a representative of SCS weighed each category and recorded the net and tare weight of the container on the Sort Data Sheet (Appendix A). Measurements were made to the nearest 0.1 pounds. 4. After each waste category had been recorded, the waste was returned to tipping floor where a front end loader deposited it into a transfer trailer for disposal. This four-step process was repeated until all of the day's samples taken at the site were characterized. Waste samples were maintained in as-disposed condition or as close to this as possible until the actual sorting began. Proper site layout and close supervision of sampling was maintained to avoid the need to repeatedly handle sampled wastes. Members of the sorting crew were fully equipped with high visibility vests, puncture resistant gloves, and other safety equipment. The Health and Safety Plan is presented in Appendix B. Consistent with good practice in such sampling programs, efforts were made to minimize sampling bias or other impacts on the integrity of the database. To this end, field sampling had been coordinated to avoid holidays and other out of ordinary events. Due to the County s expressed objective for this study to evaluate recycling programs, waste sorting activities targeted recyclable materials. Exhibit 1 defines the categories for the waste sorting activities. 3

82 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 1. Description of Waste Categories Major Waste Types Paper Plastics Metal Waste Component Categories Examples Newspaper/Print Daily, weekly newspapers Glossy/Magazines TV Guide, Periodicals, Journals Recyclable Corrugated Cardboard Packing/shipping boxes Non-Recyclable Corrugated Cardboard Wax or plastic coated, pizza boxes Kraft Paper Brown shopping bags Paperboard Cereal/Soda Boxes Phone Books Phone number listings Other Books Hard and soft-cover books White Office Paper High grade white copy paper or letterhead Gable Top/Aseptic Cartons Milk/Juice Cartons/Boxes Paper Plates/Cups Paper plates/cups/bowls used for food File Folders Manila or colored file folders Paper Packaging Crumpled paper used for package padding Other Recyclable Paper Junk mail, notebook paper, colored copy paper Non-Recyclable Paper Paper coated with plastic, tissues, napkins PET (#1) Bottles Water, Soda HDPE (#2) Bottles Milk, Detergent Other (#3-#7) Bottles Prescriptions Plastic Film Garbage, chip, candy bags, bubble wrap Plastic Cups and Tubs Recyclable margarine tubs, yogurt tubs Polystyrene (#6) Clamshell containers Rigid Plastics Plastic toys, items without a # Grocery Bags Shopping bags from Harris Teeter, Kroger, etc. Flower Pots Recyclable flower pots DVD/CD Cases Self explanatory Other Plastic Not defined above Bi-Metal/Steel Cans Aluminum Cans Aluminum Tins/Foil Aerosol Cans Other Ferrous Other Non-Ferrous Ferrous cans generally used to contain food Soda, beer cans Aluminum tins and foils Self explanatory Ferrous metals not otherwise classified Non-Ferrous metals not otherwise classified 4

83 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 1. Description of Waste Categories (continued) Major Waste Types Glass Organic Textiles Electronics HHW Waste Component Categories Clear Glass Bottles/Jars Green Glass Bottles/Jars Brown Glass Bottles/Jars Ceramic Glass Other Glass Food Waste Treated Wood Untreated Wood Furniture Mattresses Pallets Yard Waste Rubber Stumps Other Organics Textiles Other Textiles Leather Computers Televisions Cell Phones Printers DVDs/CDs Printer Ink Cartridges VCRs MP3 Players Other Electronic Waste Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) Oil Filters Dry Cell Batteries Lead-Acid Batteries Examples Clear containers used for food/beverages Green containers used for food/beverages Brown containers used for food/beverages Ceramic/porcelain containers Plate or window glass, pint glasses Meat, vegetables, food and byproducts Pressure treated or painted wood Lumber, 2x4 s Chairs, couches, tables, shelves Mattresses, box spring Broken or unbroken wooden pallets Sticks, grass, leaves, yard trimmings Gloves, boots, inner tubes Self explanatory Organics not otherwise classified Clothes, blankets Carpet Clothes Monitors, CPUs Monitors Self explanatory Self explanatory Self explanatory Self explanatory Self explanatory Self explanatory Electronics not categorized above Cleaners, oil based paints, pesticides Used oil filters for automobiles or machinery Alkaline, Zinc-carbon, household batteries Automotive batteries 5

84 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 1. Description of Waste Categories (continued) Major Waste Types Other Waste Component Categories Infectious Waste Diapers Brick Concrete Roofing Materials Drywall (Gypsum) Vinyl Siding Fines Other Examples Biohazardous materials Adult and baby diapers Self Explanatory Self Explanatory Self Explanatory Self Explanatory Self Explanatory Materials less than ¼ inch by ¼ inch Materials not categorized above DATA METHODOLOGY One hundred samples were collected during the sampling event. Data presented include mean percentages by weight, standard deviations, and statistical confidence intervals (95 percent confidence interval). Derivation of this data is as follows: Mean ( X ) n 1 = xi * i =1 ; n Standard Deviation (s) = 2 ( n ) ( x) x n ( n 1) 2 ; and Upper/Lower Confidence Interval Limits = X ± 1.96 * σ n where: n = number of samples; and x = sample percentage. Waste samples are acquired to estimate the County s true waste composition (i.e., the proportion of each waste component present in residential waste collected by the County). The mean is the arithmetic average of all data and the standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion in the data. Together, the mean and standard deviation determine the confidence interval. A 95 percent confidence interval is said to contain the true proportion of a waste component with 95 percent confidence (i.e., similar studies will produce the same results 95 percent of the time). 6

85 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results 3. SUMMARY OF RESULTS OVERALL WASTE STREAM COMPOSITION The overall waste stream composition is based upon all 100 samples that were collected and sorted during the field activities, which totaled approximately 21,138 pounds. These samples included 51 single-family residential, 14 multi-family residential, and 35 commercial waste samples. The composition presented in Exhibit 2 portrays the major components graphically and then lists mean composition by weight, standard deviation, and 95 percent confidence intervals for each material component. Exhibit 2. Overall Waste Stream Composition 7

86 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 2. Overall Waste Stream Composition (continued) Mean Standard 95% Confidence Limits Material Components Composition Deviation Lower Upper PAPER Other Paper 6.9% 4.2% 6.1% 7.7% Paperboard 3.6% 2.0% 3.2% 4.0% Rec Corr Cardboard 3.5% 3.4% 2.8% 4.1% Mixed Office Paper 3.3% 2.6% 2.8% 3.8% Magazines 2.0% 2.5% 1.5% 2.4% Newspaper 1.8% 2.1% 1.4% 2.2% White Ledger Paper 1.6% 3.1% 1.0% 2.2% Paper Plates, Cups 0.6% 1.0% 0.5% 0.8% Other Books 0.6% 2.8% <0.1% 1.2% Phone Books 0.6% 1.4% 0.3% 0.9% Kraft Paper 0.6% 0.8% 0.4% 0.7% Gable Top/Aseptic Cartons 0.5% 1.0% 0.3% 0.7% NR Corr Cardboard 0.4% 1.9% <0.1% 0.8% Paper Packaging 0.1% 0.4% <0.1% 0.2% File Folders <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Paper 26.3% PLASTIC Plastic Film 6.3% 3.8% 5.6% 7.0% Rigid Plastics 2.4% 3.4% 1.8% 3.1% Grocery Bags 2.1% 2.5% 1.6% 2.6% PET #1 Bottles 1.9% 1.7% 1.5% 2.2% Polystrene #6 Foam 1.7% 1.1% 1.5% 1.9% Plastic Cups & Tubs 1.6% 1.5% 1.3% 1.9% HDPE #2 Bottles 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 1.1% Other #3-#7 Bottles 0.2% 0.4% <0.1% 0.2% Flower Pots 0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.2% DVD/CD Cases <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% <0.1% GLASS Total Plastics 17.3% Clear Glass Bottles/Jars 1.6% 1.7% 1.3% 1.9% Brown Glass Bottles/Jars 0.7% 1.3% 0.4% 0.9% Green Glass Bottles/Jars 0.6% 0.9% 0.4% 0.8% Ceramic Glass 0.1% 0.4% <0.1% 0.2% Other Glass <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% 0.1% Total Glass 3.0% C&D/OTHER WASTE Diapers 3.6% 4.2% 2.8% 4.4% Fines 3.2% 2.4% 2.7% 3.7% Other 3.0% 6.2% 1.7% 4.2% Concrete 0.3% 1.5% <0.1% 0.6% Brick 0.2% 1.6% <0.1% 0.5% Drywall 0.1% 1.1% <0.1% 0.4% Roofing Material <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.1% Vinyl Siding <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total C&D and Other Wastes 10.4% 8

87 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 2. Overall Waste Stream Composition (continued) Mean Standard 95% Confidence Limits Material Components Composition Deviation Lower Upper ELECTRONICS Other Electronic Waste 0.8% 1.6% 0.5% 1.1% DVDs/CDs 0.3% 1.9% <0.1% 0.7% Computers 0.2% 1.6% <0.1% 0.5% VCRs <0.1% 0.5% <0.1% 0.2% Printers <0.1% 0.7% <0.1% 0.2% Printer Ink Cartridges <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% <0.1% Cell Phones <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Televisions <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% MP3 Players <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Electronics 1.5% METALS Steel/Bi Metal Food Cans 1.0% 0.8% 0.8% 1.1% Aluminum Cans 0.5% 0.7% 0.4% 0.6% Aluminum Tin/Foil 0.4% 0.5% 0.3% 0.5% Aerosol Cans 0.3% 0.6% 0.2% 0.4% Other Ferrous 1.0% 2.3% 0.6% 1.5% Other Non-Ferrous 0.5% 1.1% 0.3% 0.8% Total Metals 3.7% ORGANICS Food Waste 15.1% 10.6% 13.0% 17.2% Other Organics 7.9% 4.9% 7.0% 8.9% Textiles 3.7% 7.1% 2.4% 5.1% Yard Waste 2.3% 5.8% 1.2% 3.4% Furniture 2.2% 7.3% 0.7% 3.6% Other Textiles 2.2% 6.5% 0.9% 3.4% Untreated Wood 1.8% 3.5% 1.1% 2.5% Treated Wood 0.9% 3.1% 0.3% 1.5% Mattressess 0.9% 5.3% <0.1% 1.9% Pallets 0.3% 1.4% <0.1% 0.6% Rubber 0.2% 0.9% <0.1% 0.4% Mattresses <0.1% 0.4% <0.1% 0.1% Leather <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% <0.1% Total Organics 37.5% HAZARDOUS/SPECIAL CARE Infectious Waste 0.2% 1.6% <0.1% 0.5% Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% <0.1% Oil Filters <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Dry Cell Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Lead-Acid Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Hazardous/Special Care 0.2% TOTALS Note: Composition based on 100 samples % 9

88 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results MSW COMPOSITION BY SECTOR Commercial Exhibit 3 presents a summary of the 35 commercial waste samples obtained and sorted, totaling approximately 7,482 pounds. Commercial waste often has high variability between samples as the waste stream from different businesses can vary greatly. Based on these samples, the three largest material types by weight of the commercial waste stream are Organics (35.0 percent), Paper (28.4 percent), and Plastics (19.3 percent). The top three subcomponents present in the commercial waste stream by weight are Food Waste (19.2 percent), Other Paper (8.1 percent), and Plastic Films (7.6 percent). Exhibit 3 presents the composition of the commercial waste stream including the mean percentage by weight, standard deviation, and 95 percent confidence intervals for each material component. Exhibit 3. Commercial Waste Stream Composition 10

89 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 3. Commercial Waste Stream Composition (continued) Mean Standard 95% Confidence Limits Material Components Composition Deviation Lower Upper PAPER Other Paper 8.1% 4.9% 6.5% 9.8% Rec Corr Cardboard 5.0% 3.5% 3.8% 6.1% Paperboard 3.0% 2.2% 2.3% 3.7% Mixed Office Paper 2.9% 2.6% 2.0% 3.8% White Ledger Paper 2.2% 4.0% 0.9% 3.5% Magazines 1.6% 2.5% 0.7% 2.4% Newspaper 1.1% 1.0% 0.8% 1.4% NR Corr Cardboard 1.0% 3.1% <0.1% 2.1% Other Books 0.9% 4.3% <0.1% 2.3% Kraft Paper 0.7% 1.1% 0.4% 1.1% Paper Plates, Cups 0.7% 1.4% 0.3% 1.2% Gable Top/Aseptic Cartons 0.7% 1.5% 0.2% 1.2% Phone Books 0.6% 1.4% <0.1% 1.0% Paper Packaging <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% File Folders <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Paper 28.4% PLASTIC Plastic Film 7.6% 4.8% 6.0% 9.2% Rigid Plastics 2.4% 3.6% 1.2% 3.6% Grocery Bags 2.3% 3.0% 1.3% 3.3% PET #1 Bottles 2.2% 2.3% 1.4% 2.9% Plastic Cups & Tubs 1.7% 2.1% 1.0% 2.4% Polystrene #6 Foam 1.7% 1.4% 1.2% 2.2% HDPE #2 Bottles 1.1% 1.0% 0.8% 1.4% Other #3-#7 Bottles 0.1% 0.4% <0.1% 0.3% Flower Pots <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% 0.2% DVD/CD Cases <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.1% GLASS Total Plastics 19.3% Clear Glass Bottles/Jars 1.7% 2.1% 1.0% 2.4% Brown Glass Bottles/Jars 0.6% 1.2% 0.2% 1.0% Green Glass Bottles/Jars 0.2% 0.5% <0.1% 0.4% Ceramic Glass <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.2% Other Glass <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% 0.1% Total Glass 2.7% C&D/OTHER WASTE Other 3.6% 7.7% 1.0% 6.1% Fines 3.1% 2.1% 2.4% 3.8% Diapers 2.4% 4.7% 0.9% 4.0% Concrete 0.3% 1.3% <0.1% 0.7% Brick <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Roofing Material <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Drywall <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Vinyl Siding <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total C&D and Other Wastes 9.4% 11

90 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 3. Commercial Waste Stream Composition (continued) Mean Standard 95% Confidence Limits Material Components Composition Deviation Lower Upper ELECTRONICS DVDs/CDs 0.7% 3.3% <0.1% 1.7% Other Electronic Waste 0.6% 1.8% <0.1% 1.2% Printers 0.2% 1.2% <0.1% 0.6% Printer Ink Cartridges <0.1% 0.4% <0.1% 0.2% Computers <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Televisions <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Cell Phones <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% VCRs <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% MP3 Players <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Electronics 1.6% METALS Steel/Bi Metal Food Cans 0.7% 0.7% 0.5% 1.0% Aluminum Cans 0.6% 1.0% 0.3% 0.9% Other Ferrous 0.5% 1.0% 0.2% 0.9% Other Non-Ferrous 0.5% 1.0% 0.1% 0.8% Aluminum Tin/Foil 0.3% 0.5% 0.1% 0.5% Aerosol Cans 0.3% 0.4% 0.1% 0.4% Total Metals 3.0% ORGANICS Food Waste 19.2% 15.2% 14.1% 24.2% Other Organics 6.8% 5.0% 5.2% 8.5% Yard Waste 2.7% 9.0% <0.1% 5.7% Textiles 1.8% 2.4% 1.0% 2.6% Untreated Wood 1.6% 3.1% 0.5% 2.6% Other Textiles 1.2% 2.6% 0.4% 2.1% Treated Wood 1.0% 4.1% <0.1% 2.4% Pallets 0.4% 1.5% <0.1% 0.9% Rubber 0.1% 0.5% <0.1% 0.3% Stumps 0.1% 0.7% <0.1% 0.4% Leather <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Mattresses <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Mattressess <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Organics 35.0% HAZARDOUS/SPECIAL CARE Infectious Waste 0.5% 2.9% <0.1% 1.5% Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) <0.1% 0.5% <0.1% 0.2% Oil Filters <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Dry Cell Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Lead-Acid Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Hazardous/Special Care 0.6% TOTAL Note: Composition based on 35 samples 100.0% 12

91 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Single-Family Residential Exhibit 4 presents a summary of the 51 single-family residential waste samples obtained and sorted, totaling approximately 10,702 pounds. Based on these samples, the three largest material types by weight of the residential waste stream are Organics (36.4 percent), Paper (26.5 percent), and Plastics (16.6 percent). The top three subcomponents of the residential waste stream by weight are Food Waste (12.9 percent), Other Organics (8.7 percent) and Other Paper (6.5 percent). Significant portions of each of these categories are compostable. Exhibit 4 presents the composition of the single-family waste stream including the mean percentage by weight, standard deviation, and 95 percent confidence intervals for each material component. Exhibit 4. Single-family Residential Waste Stream Composition 13

92 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 4. Single-family Residential Waste Stream Composition (continued) Mean Standard 95% Confidence Limits Material Components Composition Deviation Lower Upper PAPER R Other Paper 6.5% 3.5% 5.6% 7.5% R Paperboard 4.0% 1.8% 3.5% 4.5% R Mixed Office Paper 3.9% 2.7% 3.1% 4.6% T Rec Corr Cardboard 2.8% 3.3% 1.9% 3.7% R Newspaper 2.6% 2.5% 1.9% 3.3% R Magazines 2.1% 2.0% 1.5% 2.6% R White Ledger Paper 1.4% 2.6% 0.7% 2.2% R Phone Books 0.6% 1.4% 0.3% 1.0% R Paper Plates, Cups 0.6% 0.7% 0.5% 0.8% R Other Books 0.6% 1.8% <0.1% 1.1% R Kraft Paper 0.5% 0.6% 0.3% 0.7% C Gable Top/Aseptic Cartons 0.5% 0.7% 0.3% 0.7% R Paper Packaging 0.2% 0.5% <0.1% 0.3% R NR Corr Cardboard 0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.2% C File Folders <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Paper 26.5% PLASTIC R Plastic Film 6.0% 2.7% 5.2% 6.7% R Rigid Plastics 2.4% 3.0% 1.6% 3.2% R Grocery Bags 1.9% 2.2% 1.4% 2.5% T PET #1 Bottles 1.7% 1.3% 1.4% 2.1% R Polystrene #6 Foam 1.7% 0.9% 1.5% 2.0% T Plastic Cups & Tubs 1.7% 1.1% 1.4% 2.0% R HDPE #2 Bottles 0.9% 0.7% 0.7% 1.1% R Other #3-#7 Bottles 0.2% 0.5% <0.1% 0.3% R Flower Pots 0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.2% T DVD/CD Cases <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Plastics 16.6% GLASS R Clear Glass Bottles/Jars 1.3% 1.2% 1.0% 1.7% R Green Glass Bottles/Jars 0.7% 0.9% 0.4% 1.0% R Brown Glass Bottles/Jars 0.5% 0.9% 0.3% 0.8% T Ceramic Glass <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.2% T Other Glass <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.2% Total Glass 2.7% C&D/OTHER WASTE T Diapers 4.7% 3.9% 3.6% 5.8% T Fines 3.5% 2.6% 2.8% 4.2% T Other 3.1% 5.9% 1.5% 4.7% T Brick 0.4% 2.2% <0.1% 1.0% T Concrete 0.4% 1.8% <0.1% 0.9% T Drywall 0.3% 1.5% <0.1% 0.7% T Roofing Material <0.1% 0.5% <0.1% 0.2% T Vinyl Siding <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total C&D and Other Wastes 12.4% 14

93 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 4. Single-family Residential Waste Stream Composition (continued) Mean Standard 95% Confidence Limits Material Components Composition Deviation Lower Upper ELECTRONICS R Other Electronic Waste 1.0% 1.7% 0.6% 1.5% R DVDs/CDs <0.1% 0.7% <0.1% 0.3% R VCRs <0.1% 0.5% <0.1% 0.2% R Cell Phones <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Printer Ink Cartridges <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Computers <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% R Televisions <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% R Printers <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% R MP3 Players <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Electronics 1.2% METALS R Other Ferrous 1.3% 2.6% 0.6% 2.0% R Steel/Bi Metal Food Cans 1.1% 0.8% 0.9% 1.3% R Aluminum Tin/Foil 0.5% 0.5% 0.3% 0.6% R Other Non-Ferrous 0.4% 0.9% 0.2% 0.7% R Aluminum Cans 0.4% 0.5% 0.3% 0.5% R Aerosol Cans 0.4% 0.7% 0.2% 0.6% Total Metals 4.1% ORGANICS T Food Waste 12.9% 6.0% 11.2% 14.5% T Other Organics 8.7% 4.5% 7.5% 10.0% T Textiles 5.4% 9.4% 2.8% 8.0% C Yard Waste 2.5% 3.6% 1.5% 3.5% T Furniture 2.1% 7.3% <0.1% 4.0% T Untreated Wood 1.9% 3.9% 0.8% 3.0% T Other Textiles 1.5% 2.8% 0.7% 2.3% C Treated Wood 1.0% 2.8% 0.3% 1.8% C Pallets 0.2% 0.9% <0.1% 0.4% C Rubber 0.1% 0.9% <0.1% 0.4% T Leather <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.1% C Mattresses <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Stumps <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Organics 36.4% HAZARDOUS/SPECIAL CARE T Oil Filters <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Dry Cell Batteries <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Infectious Waste <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Lead-Acid Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% TOTAL Total Hazardous/Special Care <0.1% Note: Composition based on 51 samples % 15

94 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Multi-Family Residential Fourteen samples were obtained and sorted from multi-family residential samples, totaling approximately 2,953 pounds. Multi-family residential waste is generated from apartments and condominiums, where multiple families live in one larger building. The waste stream composition based on these samples is presented in Exhibit 5. Based on the field results, the three largest material types by weight of the multi-family waste stream are Organics (44.1 percent), Paper (22.5 percent), and Plastics (14.8 percent). The top three subcomponents of the multi-family waste stream by weight are Food Waste (14.9 percent), Other Organics (7.8 percent), and Furniture (5.5 percent). Bulky waste such as furniture, carpet, and mattresses was observed in a few of the multi-family samples. Exhibit 5 presents the composition of the multi-family waste stream including the mean percentage by weight, standard deviation, and 95 percent confidence intervals for each material component. Exhibit 5. Multi-Family Residential Waste Stream Composition 16

95 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 5. Multi-Family Residential Waste Stream Composition (continued) Mean Standard 95% Confidence Limits Material Components Composition Deviation Lower Upper PAPER R Other Paper 5.3% 3.4% 3.5% 7.1% R Paperboard 4.0% 2.0% 3.0% 5.1% R Rec Corr Cardboard 3.0% 2.8% 1.6% 4.5% T Magazines 2.7% 3.9% 0.7% 4.7% R Mixed Office Paper 2.5% 2.1% 1.5% 3.6% R White Ledger Paper 1.1% 2.5% <0.1% 2.4% R Newspaper 1.0% 0.9% 0.5% 1.4% R Phone Books 0.7% 1.5% <0.1% 1.5% R Kraft Paper 0.6% 0.7% 0.2% 0.9% R Gable Top/Aseptic Cartons 0.5% 0.5% 0.2% 0.8% R Paper Plates, Cups 0.5% 0.5% 0.2% 0.7% C NR Corr Cardboard 0.3% 0.5% <0.1% 0.5% R Other Books 0.2% 0.5% <0.1% 0.4% R Paper Packaging <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% 0.2% C File Folders <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Paper 22.5% PLASTIC R Plastic Film 4.5% 3.0% 2.9% 6.0% R Grocery Bags 2.6% 3.0% 1.0% 4.1% R PET #1 Bottles 2.0% 1.4% 1.3% 2.7% T Rigid Plastics 1.7% 1.1% 1.1% 2.3% R Plastic Cups & Tubs 1.5% 1.0% 0.9% 2.0% T Polystrene #6 Foam 1.4% 0.9% 0.9% 1.9% R HDPE #2 Bottles 1.0% 0.7% 0.6% 1.3% R Other #3-#7 Bottles 0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.3% R Flower Pots <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T DVD/CD Cases <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Plastics 14.8% GLASS R Clear Glass Bottles/Jars 2.4% 1.8% 1.5% 3.4% R Brown Glass Bottles/Jars 1.6% 2.0% 0.6% 2.7% R Green Glass Bottles/Jars 1.0% 1.4% 0.3% 1.8% T Ceramic Glass 0.2% 0.6% <0.1% 0.5% T Other Glass <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% 0.2% Total Glass 5.4% C&D/OTHER WASTE T Diapers 2.8% 3.4% 1.0% 4.6% T Fines 2.4% 2.0% 1.4% 3.4% T Other 1.4% 3.1% <0.1% 3.0% T Brick <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Concrete <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Roofing Material <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Drywall <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Vinyl Siding <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total C&D and Other Wastes 6.6% 17

96 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 5. Multi-Family Residential Waste Stream Composition (continued) Mean Standard 95% Confidence Limits Material Components Composition Deviation Lower Upper ELECTRONICS R Computers 1.5% 4.2% <0.1% 3.6% R Other Electronic Waste 0.5% 0.9% <0.1% 1.0% R VCRs 0.3% 1.0% <0.1% 0.8% R DVDs/CDs 0.2% 0.8% <0.1% 0.6% T Cell Phones <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Televisions <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% R Printers <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% R Printer Ink Cartridges <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% R MP3 Players <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Electronics 2.4% METALS R Other Ferrous 1.3% 3.1% <0.1% 2.9% R Other Non-Ferrous 1.0% 2.0% <0.1% 2.1% R Steel/Bi Metal Food Cans 1.0% 1.0% 0.5% 1.5% R Aluminum Cans 0.6% 0.6% 0.3% 0.9% R Aluminum Tin/Foil 0.2% 0.3% <0.1% 0.4% R Aerosol Cans 0.2% 0.3% <0.1% 0.3% Total Metals 4.4% ORGANICS T Food Waste 14.9% 8.5% 10.5% 19.4% T Other Organics 7.8% 5.4% 5.0% 10.7% T Furniture 5.5% 9.6% 0.5% 10.5% C Mattressess 5.0% 12.9% <0.1% 11.7% T Other Textiles 4.5% 13.2% <0.1% 11.4% T Textiles 2.4% 1.8% 1.5% 3.4% T Untreated Wood 1.6% 3.2% <0.1% 3.3% C Yard Waste 1.0% 1.9% <0.1% 2.0% C Pallets 0.7% 2.7% <0.1% 2.1% C Rubber 0.5% 1.6% <0.1% 1.3% T Treated Wood 0.2% 0.4% <0.1% 0.4% C Mattresses <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Stumps <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Organics 44.1% HAZARDOUS/SPECIAL CARE T Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Oil Filters <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Infectious Waste <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Dry Cell Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% T Lead-Acid Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% TOTAL Total Hazardous/Special Care <0.1% Note: Composition based on 14 samples % 18

97 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results RESIDENTIAL SECTOR COMPARISON SCS compared upper and lower bounds of the confidence intervals derived in the Exhibits 4 and 5 to assess significant differences between single-family and multi-family waste. Waste components that were in single-family waste in greater proportions than in multi-family waste include: Mixed Office Paper (3.9 percent in single-family vs. 2.5 percent in multi-family) Newspaper (2.6 percent in single-family vs. 1.0 percent in multi-family) Other Books (0.6 percent in single-family vs. 0.2 percent in multi-family) Diapers (4.7 percent in single-family vs. 2.8 percent in multi-family) Construction Materials - Brick (0.4 percent in single-family vs. <0.1 percent in multi-family) - Concrete (0.4 percent in single-family vs. <0.1 percent in multi-family) - Drywall (0.3 percent in single-family vs. <0.1 percent in multi-family) Aluminum Foil (0.5 percent in single-family vs. 0.2 percent in multi-family) Textiles (5.4 percent in single-family vs. 2.4 percent in multi-family) Yard Waste (2.5 percent in single-family vs. 1.0 percent in multi-family) Treated Wood (1.0 percent in single-family vs. 0.2 percent in multi-family) Waste components that were in multi-family waste in greater proportions than in single-family waste include: Clear Glass Bottles/Jars (2.4 percent in multi-family vs. 1.3 percent in single-family) Brown Glass Bottles/Jars (1.6 percent in multi-family vs. 0.5 percent in single-family) Other Textiles (4.5 percent in multi-family vs. 1.5 percent in single-family) Mattresses (5.0 percent in multi-family vs. <0.1 percent in single-family) GEOGRAPHIC COMPARISON Exhibit 6 portrays the mean waste composition of the seven towns from which waste samples were acquired. These compositions include residential waste, from both the multi- and singlefamily sectors. Because the purpose of the study was to estimate waste composition generated by Wake County, there were not a sufficient number of samples from each of the seven towns to assess statistically significant differences in waste composition between towns. For this reason, 95 percent confidence intervals are not presented. The residential waste composition by town is presented for informational purposes only. 19

98 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 6. Residential Waste Stream Composition by Geographic Area Fuquay Holly Wake Material Components Apex Cary Varina Garner Springs Raleigh Forest PAPER Other Paper 7.8% 5.7% 2.9% 14.3% 5.4% 6.9% 4.5% Paperboard 5.0% 4.3% 5.7% 4.2% 3.9% 4.2% 4.6% Rec Corr Cardboard 3.3% 2.3% 4.6% <0.1% 0.9% 2.7% 6.9% Mixed Office Paper 3.4% 4.5% 1.8% 3.9% 4.1% 3.8% 2.3% Magazines 4.2% 2.7% 1.3% 1.6% 3.0% 1.9% 0.1% Newspaper 1.3% 1.6% 2.4% 1.7% 3.4% 2.4% 0.8% White Ledger Paper 0.5% 2.4% 2.2% <0.1% 1.0% 1.3% 0.3% Paper Plates, Cups 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% <0.1% 1.6% 0.5% 0.8% Other Books <0.1% 0.5% <0.1% <0.1% 0.1% 0.8% <0.1% Phone Books 1.0% 0.8% 1.6% 0.9% 0.8% 0.4% 3.2% Kraft Paper 0.5% 0.3% <0.1% <0.1% 0.9% 0.6% 1.2% Gable Top/Aseptic Cartons 0.5% 1.0% 0.3% 1.8% 1.1% 0.3% 0.2% NR Corr Cardboard <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.2% 0.2% <0.1% Paper Packaging 0.5% <0.1% 0.8% <0.1% 0.1% 0.2% <0.1% File Folders <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Paper 28.5% 26.8% 24.4% 28.5% 26.4% 26.3% 24.9% PLASTIC Plastic Film 6.9% 4.3% 6.8% 11.7% 4.9% 6.2% 5.8% Rigid Plastics 1.9% 1.8% 9.6% 2.5% 1.8% 1.7% 2.3% Grocery Bags 1.8% 3.9% 4.4% 1.6% 2.6% 1.5% 2.2% PET #1 Bottles 1.6% 1.6% 2.1% 1.1% 1.4% 1.9% 1.9% Polystrene #6 Foam 1.4% 1.6% 1.1% 1.7% 2.0% 1.7% 1.8% Plastic Cups & Tubs 1.6% 2.0% 1.6% 1.8% 2.4% 1.7% 1.8% HDPE #2 Bottles 0.6% 0.7% 0.9% 0.8% 0.7% 1.0% 1.3% Other #3-#7 Bottles 0.6% 0.2% <0.1% <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% <0.1% Flower Pots <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.1% 0.3% DVD/CD Cases <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% <0.1% Total Plastics 16.5% 16.5% 26.4% 21.1% 16.4% 15.9% 17.5% GLASS Clear Glass Bottles/Jars 1.6% 2.2% 0.5% 1.0% 1.2% 1.6% 1.7% Brown Glass Bottles/Jars 0.4% 1.9% <0.1% 0.2% 0.7% 0.7% 0.4% Green Glass Bottles/Jars 1.4% 0.7% 0.4% 0.7% 1.1% 0.8% 0.7% Ceramic Glass 0.5% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.3% Other Glass <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.8% Total Glass 4.0% 4.9% 1.0% 1.9% 3.3% 3.2% 4.0% C&D/OTHER WASTE Diapers 7.5% 4.0% 7.4% 3.5% 6.1% 3.5% 4.3% Fines 3.1% 4.5% 4.8% 4.6% 3.1% 3.2% 1.2% Other 1.8% 2.5% <0.1% 0.6% 3.3% 3.4% <0.1% Concrete <0.1% 0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Brick <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% 0.5% <0.1% Drywall <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.4% <0.1% Roofing Material <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Vinyl Siding <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total C&D and Other Wastes 12.3% 11.8% 12.1% 8.9% 12.5% 11.0% 5.5% 20

99 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 6. Residential Waste Stream Composition by Geographic Area (continued) Fuquay Holly Wake Material Components Apex Cary Varina Garner Springs Raleigh Forest ELECTRONICS Other Electronic Waste 2.4% 0.9% 2.1% 0.8% 0.5% 0.5% <0.1% DVDs/CDs <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Computers <0.1% 1.7% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% VCRs <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.3% <0.1% Printers <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Printer Ink Cartridges <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Cell Phones <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Televisions <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% MP3 Players <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Electronics 2.4% 2.9% 2.1% 0.8% 0.5% 0.9% <0.1% METALS Steel/Bi Metal Food Cans 1.0% 1.1% 0.7% 1.9% 1.1% 1.0% 2.2% Aluminum Cans 0.4% 0.4% 0.6% 1.0% 0.2% 0.5% 0.5% Aluminum Tin/Foil 0.3% 0.3% 0.4% 1.0% 0.6% 0.5% 0.1% Aerosol Cans 0.4% 0.4% 0.1% <0.1% 0.3% 0.4% 0.2% Other Ferrous 1.5% 1.0% 1.8% <0.1% 0.6% 1.3% <0.1% Other Non-Ferrous 0.9% 0.6% 1.5% <0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 0.9% Total Metals 4.5% 3.8% 5.1% 4.0% 3.1% 4.2% 3.9% ORGANICS Food Waste 13.6% 14.8% 12.6% 7.5% 16.5% 14.9% 12.5% Other Organics 5.5% 9.6% 11.5% 13.5% 12.0% 7.9% 10.9% Textiles 3.4% 2.9% 1.4% 2.3% 2.4% 3.5% 12.1% Yard Waste 1.4% 2.2% 1.9% 3.1% 3.0% 1.8% 2.0% Furniture 3.0% 1.2% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 2.2% 3.1% Other Textiles 0.3% 1.2% 0.5% 8.0% 1.3% 2.6% 0.6% Untreated Wood 1.0% 0.5% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 2.3% 2.8% Treated Wood 3.6% 0.1% <0.1% 0.4% 2.6% 0.1% <0.1% Mattresses <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 2.4% <0.1% Pallets <0.1% <0.1% 0.8% <0.1% <0.1% 0.4% <0.1% Rubber <0.1% 0.8% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 0.2% <0.1% Stumps <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Leather <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Organics 31.8% 33.3% 28.8% 34.9% 37.9% 38.5% 44.0% HAZARDOUS/SPECIAL CARE Household Haz Waste <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Oil Filters <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Infectious Waste <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Dry Cell Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Lead-Acid Batteries <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Total Hazardous/Special Care <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% TOTALS 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Note: Composition based on the following number of samples:

100 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results WASTE DIVERSION OPPORTUNITIES To estimate types and quantities of recyclable waste components in the residential and commercial waste streams, the waste material components were classified as recyclable, compostable, or trash. The following graphs present the recyclable components by material type for each of the three sectors. Exhibit 10 identifies waste materials that are considered recyclable or compostable. Exhibit 7. Commercial Waste Stream Recyclable and Compostable Composition 22

101 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 8. Single-family Waste Stream Recyclable and Compostable Composition Exhibit 9. Multi-Family Waste Stream Recyclable and Compostable Composition 23

102 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Exhibit 10. Recyclable, Compostable, and Trash Materials Recyclable Components of the Waste Stream Newspaper PET #1 Bottles Other Non-Ferrous Magazines HDPE #2 Bottles Clear Glass Bottles/Jars Corrugated Cardboard Other #3-#7 Bottles Green Glass Bottles/Jars Kraft Paper Plastic Cups & Tubs Brown Glass Bottles/Jars Phone Books Rigid Plastics Computers Paperboard Grocery Bags Televisions Other Books Flower Pots Cell Phones White Ledger Paper Steel/Bi Metal Food Cans Printers Mixed Office Paper Aluminum Cans VCRs Gable Top/Aseptic Cartons Aluminum Tin/Foil MP3 Players File Folders Aerosol Cans Other Electronic Waste DVD/CD Cases Lead-acid Batteries Brick Printer Ink Cartridges Drywall Concrete Oil Filters Vinyl Siding Roofing Material Paper Packaging Other Ferrous Polystrene #6 Foam Mattresses DVD's/CD's Compostable Components of the Waste Stream Paper Plates Cups Untreated Wood Yard Waste Other Paper Pallets Stumps Food Waste Trash Components of the Waste Stream Non-Recyclable Cardboard Rubber Diapers Plastic Film Other Organics Fines Textiles Ceramic Glass Other Other Textiles Other Glass Infectious Waste Leather Dry Cell Batteries Furniture Treated Wood Household Haz Waste Recyclable Materials There is still a significant amount of recyclable material in the waste stream with established markets. One area of improvement would be to broaden the types recyclables accepted by curbside and drop-off site recycling programs in the unincorperated areas of the County. Education and community outreach can also improve recycling rates across all sectors. Recycling ordinances have also been shown to improve recycling rates in towns and counties across the country. 24

103 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Compostable Materials Compostable materials also comprise a significant portion of the waste stream. Some categories such as food waste are often compostable via backyard composting piles. Curbside compostable collection is also becoming more prevalent in some areas as composting operations can produce nutrient rich fertilizer and methane/ natural gas. Education and community outreach can improve diversion rates for compostable materials. 25

104 Appendix A Data Collection Forms

105 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results WAKE COUNTY WASTE CHARACTERIZATION STUDY - Data Collection Sheet Crew: B Date: M T W TH F Time: a.m. p.m. Sample Number: Vehicle #: Hauler: Collection Area: Quadrant: 4 Commercial / Residential / Other: Major Waste Fractions Waste Component Categories Examples WEIGHT (In Pounds) Gross Tare Newspaper/Print Glossy Magazines Recyclable Cardboard Non-Rec Corr Cardboard pizza boxes, wax coated Kraft Paper grocery bags. Phone Books Paperboard (Chipboard) cereal and soda boxes Paper Other Books White Ledger Mixed Office Paper Gable Top/Aseptic Cartons Paper Plates, Cups high grade office paper junk mail, receipts milk and juice cartons paper plates/cups/bowls File Folders Plastic Textiles Paper Packaging Other Paper PET (#1) Bottles HDPE (#2) Bottles) Other (#3-#7) Bottles Plastic Film Plastic Cups and Tubs Polystrene (#6) Foam Rigid Plastics Grocery Bags Flower Pots DVD/CD Cases Textiles Other Textiles Leather cumpled padding paper Non-recyclable paper Water, Soda Milk, Detergent Prescriptions Yogurt, Butter Used to contain trash clamshells, cutlery, cups furniture, toys safeway/giant bags clothing, fabrics carpet

106 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Steel/Bi Metal Food Cans Pet food cans, soup cans Aluminum Cans Soda cans, beer cans Metal Aluminum Tin/Foil Aerosol Cans Other Ferrous Other Non-Ferrous Clear Glass Bottles/Jars Green Glass Bottles/Jars Glass Brown Glass Bottles/Jars Ceramic Glass Other Glass Food Waste Treated Wood Furniture Mattresses Organic Untreated Wood Pallets Yard Waste Rubber Stumps Other Organics Waste Component Weight / Tare Waste Component Weight / Tare Electronics HHW Computers / Printer Ink Cartridges / Televisions / VCR's / Cell Phones / MP3 Players / Printers / Other Electronic Waste / DVD's/CD's / Household Haz Waste / Dry Cell Batteries / Oil Filters / Lead-Acid Batteries / Infectious Waste / Drywall (Gypsum) / Diapers / Vinyle Siding / Other Brick / Fines / Concrete / Other / Roofing Material / Comments:

107 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results Appendix B Health and Safety Plan

108 Wake County Waste Characterization Study Summary of May 2011 Results HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN FOR THE WAKE COUNTY 2011 WASTE CHARACTERIZATION STUDY EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS Fire, First Aid, Ambulance, Police 911 WakeMed (919) Wake County Sheriff s Office (919) Field Responsibility: Stacey Demers, Project Director Josh DeGayner, Site Manager & Crew Chief Brent Dieleman, Crew Chief SCS ENGINEERS Roger Bacon Drive Suite 300 Reston, VA (703) A Copy Of This Safety Plan And Its Attachments Must Be Kept At The Site During All Field Activities. May 2011

109 Section TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION Purpose Discussion Responsible Individuals Scope and Applicability EMERGENCY INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES Emergency Information Accidents/Injuries Fire Evacuation...5 Stages of Evacuation...5 Withdrawal from Work Area...5 Withdrawal from Building...6 Withdrawal from Facility Property Incident Reporting...6 Oral Accident/Incident Report Format...6 Distribution of Written Accident/Incident Report GENERAL FIELD SAFETY PROCEDURES Safety Equipment Site Standard Operating Procedures Inspections Weather Housekeeping Decontamination PERSONNEL PROTECTION LEVEL DETERMINATION...12 LEVEL D PERSONAL PROTECTION...12 Exhibit 1 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF RECEIPT, HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN...4

110 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The health and safety of site workers is a primary concern and goal. Thus, a comprehensive, carefully managed, and thoroughly documented Health and Safety Plan is crucial for successful project completion. 1.1 PURPOSE The purpose of this document is to inform persons of potential safety and health hazards and mitigating measures recommended for action when performing the project field work at transfer stations, on landfill sites, and associated areas where municipal solid waste is being handled. These recommendations are intended for work on sites containing biodegradable and solid waste materials, not for sites containing hazardous or toxic wastes regulated under federal or North Carolina state laws. This document has been prepared for use on the 2011 Wake County Waste Characterization Study to be performed by SCS Engineers. 1.2 DISCUSSION Waste characterization involves both the sorting of solid waste into designated categories and the direct weighing of trucks entering and departing from the site. The data that is generated from the field activities will be compiled and presented to the Wake County Environmental Services Department. There have been no reported serious or fatal incidents attributed specifically to the performance of waste characterization studies. However, accidents may occur due to the potential hazards associated with the presence of heavy equipment at the site, the components of the waste itself (potentially sharp objects, broken glass), climatic conditions, and carelessness. At transfer stations, combustion of the waste materials on the tipping floor or in "Hot Loads" from refuse vehicles can present potential hazards. The presence of heavy equipment in operation at the site (end loaders, graders, transfer station compactors, garbage trucks, etc.) presents potential hazards which can be avoided with the use of general common sense. The equipment operators generally are involved in performing their tasks and may be unaware of the presence of other individuals within the immediate area. To reduce the risk of the sorting crews and SCS personnel working in the same area as the heavy equipment, the tipping floor will be divided in half with road cones. Trucks and loading equipment will be processing waste on one side and sorting activities will be taking place on the other side. There will be no reason for sorting personnel and heavy equipment to be working in close proximity. Personnel will be trained to be aware of the movement and location of equipment at all times. Also, highly visible clothing, including safety vests and hard hats, is required.

111 The components of solid waste present potential physical hazards. These include, but are not limited to, cuts from broken glass and sharp metal objects; splinters from pieces of wood; punctures from nails and other potential objects and scrapes and abrasions from the general handling of the solid waste. There also exists the potential for exposure to household products, such as bleach, cleansers, and other toxic chemicals. To alleviate the possibility of injury, caution should be employed at all times when physically handling the solid waste. Protective clothing, including gloves and safety glasses, should be worn at all times. A tailgate safety meeting will be conducted on each day prior to any field activities. The purpose of this meeting will be to discuss safety concerns, the condition of personal protective gear, and keep health and safety foremost in everyone s minds. If there is any question about the handling of a component of solid waste, the Site Manager or Crew Chief should be notified. The waste characterization will be preformed indoors, but not in a climate controlled area. Heat stress is a risk. Sufficient water for personal use will be brought on-site daily. Caution should be taken to avoid the possibility of heat stress due to protective clothing or weather, or frostbite in areas of extreme cold. Depending on temperature, fans may be used to circulate air and cool sorting personnel. Landfill gas (LFG) is produced by the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste materials placed in a landfill. LFG is typically composed of 50 to 60 percent methane, 40 to 50 percent carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of various other gases, including odorous and possible toxic compounds. At the South Wake Transfer Station, the generation of LFG is not expected to be a concern. Refuse discharged at the Wake County Landfill can pose a potential fire hazard. Fires can be started through carelessness, sparks, or from "Hot Loads" discharged from refuse facilities. If fire or smoke is observed, Wake County Landfill personnel should be notified immediately, all SCS personnel and subcontractors should leave the immediate area at once, and the local, emergency fire department should be notified. Before any field activities, Waste Industries will conduct a site specific health and safety orientation course for all SCS and Aerotek personnel that will be involved in field activities. This course is mandatory. 1.3 RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUALS Safety during the field work will be the responsibility of the Site Manager. The Site Manager may temporarily suspend work if there appears to be a threat to health or safety. The Site Manager and other SCS personnel will be on site during all field activities. Other safety-related responsibilities are described below.

112 The SCS Site Manager, or appointed representative, will have responsibility for overall safety policy, planning, and execution. He will be responsible for making project level decisions regarding safety rules and operations. The Site Manager will have primary responsibility for: Assuring that appropriate personnel protective equipment is available and properly utilized by all SCS and sampling personnel; Assuring that sampling personnel are aware of the provisions of this plan, are instructed in the work practices necessary to ensure safety, and in planned procedures for dealing with emergencies; Assuring that sampling personnel are aware of the potential hazards associated with site operations; Supervising the monitoring of safety performance by all personnel to ensure that required work practices are employed; and Correcting work practices or conditions that may result in injury to personnel or exposure to hazardous substances. In addition to the SCS Site Manager, a SCS Crew Chief will be utilized to conduct portions of the study. The Crew Chief will be responsible for the sampling personnel, which may be weighing refuse or performing waste characterization. Prior to the field event, a listing of responsible individuals will be developed and made a part of the field copy of this document. This listing will include the individual's name, title, office location, and phone number. 1.4 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY A copy of this safety plan and its attachments must be kept at the site during all field activities. The provisions of this plan are mandatory for all SCS project personnel and personnel under contract to SCS while field work is being conducted at the site. Prior to conducting any field work, those individuals who will be performing field work must read this Safety Plan and all attachments. If any of the information presented in these materials is unclear, the reader will contact the Site Manager for clarification. Once the information has been read and understood, the individual will sign a copy of the acknowledgment shown in Exhibit 1 on the following page. After field personnel have read the Safety Plan and attachments, but before beginning field activities, a training session will be conducted to familiarize personnel with health and safety requirements relevant to the project.

113 EXHIBIT 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF RECEIPT, HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN CONFIRMATION OF NOTIFICATION HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN FOR WAKE COUNTY 2011 WASTE COMPOSITION STUDY I have been provided, read, and understand the Health and Safety Plan for the Wake County 2011 Waste Composition Study. I confirm that I will provide and use appropriate footwear and clothing. I also understand that SCS Engineers will provide: Hard Hats Safety Glasses Gloves Safety Vest Tyvek Suit These must be used during sorting activities. I understand that all safety regulations must be observed. Violations of safety rules or use of safety equipment is grounds for dismissal. Signature Date

114 SECTION 2 EMERGENCY INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES 2.1 EMERGENCY INFORMATION Emergency telephone numbers for reporting an emergency are listed on the cover of this Plan. 2.2 ACCIDENTS/INJURIES Depending on the severity of the injury, treatment may be given at the site by trained personnel, additional assistance may be required at the site (emergency medical technicians), or the victim may have to be transported to a hospital. Directions and the address of the nearest hospital are as follows: 1900 Kildaire Farm Rd Cary, NC (919) From the South Wake Landfill: 2.3 FIRE Head Northeast on Old Smithfield Rd Turn left onto N Carolina Bypass 55 W Continue onto E Williams Street Turn right to merge onto US-1 N Take exit 98A to merge onto Tryon Road Turn left at Kildaire Farm Rd, Destination is on the Left The potential for fire exists on this project. No smoking will be allowed by project participants. 2.4 EVACUATION Stages of Evacuation The Site Manager is responsible for judging if circumstances exist which require evacuation. Specific evacuation procedures will be covered in the health and safety training session prior to beginning field work.

115 Three stages of evacuation will be used: Withdraw from immediate work area. Withdraw from building. Withdraw from facility property. These three stages are discussed below: Withdrawal from Work Area Withdrawal to a safe location will be required if any of the following occur: Occurrence of a minor accident, field operations will resume after first aid and/or decontamination procedures have been administered. Equipment, protective clothing, or respirator malfunctions. Withdrawal from Building SCS project personnel will be evacuated from the building in the following cases: Explosive or toxic levels of gases or volatile organics are suspected. A major accident or injury occurs. Fire and/or explosion occurs. Withdrawal from the Facility Property The Site Manager is responsible for judging if circumstances exist for evacuation of the facility property. Prior to evacuating the property, all field staff will meet at the rendezvous site, which will be designated by Waste Industries. Fire and police departments must be contacted. 2.5 INCIDENT REPORTING Incident reporting procedures are listed below and should be performed in the order indicated. 1. Call the appropriate emergency number (911) (e.g., ambulance, fire, etc.). Give information in format provided under subsequent section titled Oral Accident/Incident Report Format. 2. Call project points of contact. Give information in format provided under Oral Accident/Incident Report Format. 3. Call SCS points of contact to report an accident or incident.

116 Oral Accident/Incident Report Format Accident/Incident reports should contain the following information: Name, location, and title of the person(s) reporting. Location of accident/incident, (i.e., building number, facility name.) Casualties (fatalities, disabling injuries). Suspected/known chemical substances involved, if any. Details of any existing chemical hazard or contamination. Summary of accident/incident, giving pertinent details including type of operation at time of accident, etc. Suspected/known cause of accident incident. Information will not be released under any circumstances to parties other than those listed in Section 2-5. Distribution of Written Accident/Incident Report The accident/incident report form will be distributed by the Site Manager to the following individuals as appropriate and in the following order of priority: Name Stacey Demers Troy Mitchell Casey Fulghum Address SCS Engineers Roger Bacon Drive Reston, Virginia / / Waste Industries 6124 Old Smithfield Rd. Apex, NC / North Wake Landfill 9025 Deponie Drive Raleigh, NC /

117 SECTION 3 GENERAL FIELD SAFETY PROCEDURES Safety is the responsibility of every individual involved in field efforts. Properly followed procedures are essential to assure personal safety and minimize lost time due to injuries or accidents. Anticipated hazards while working at the sites include, but are not limited to: Exposure to toxic or hazardous chemicals; Physical hazards from use of heavy equipment end-loaders, graders, transfer station compactors, etc; Fire or explosion caused by ignition of methane gas or other chemicals; Site physical hazards including debris, uneven terrain, poor footing, and water hazards; and Heat stress from personal protective equipment and weather. This section presents procedures and requirements designed to reduce these hazards and minimize their impact on personnel safety and completion of the task. 3.1 SAFETY EQUIPTMENT The level of protection required will depend on the specific activity and the location. The Site Manager will define appropriate protection. The minimum personal protective equipment that will be worn at all times by field personnel is EPA Protocol Level D (hard hat, safety glasses, stout work boots, and heavy work clothes). SCS field personnel (including subcontractors) will be informed in the use of safety equipment and will be required to wear protective clothing appropriate for the tasks in which they will be involved. Extra equipment will be located on-site. This equipment will include the following items: Dust Masks Gloves (surgical and heavy rubber) Safety Vests Eye Protection Ear Protection Hard Hats First Aid Kit

118 Sufficient water for personal use will be brought on-site daily. 3.2 SITE STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES SCS team members will conduct themselves in a professional manner at all times. The following restrictions will also be observed by all SCS personnel and subcontractors to SCS. Working while under the influence of intoxicants, narcotics, or controlled substances is prohibited; Smoking anywhere on site is prohibited; Loose clothing will not be worn on-site. Long hair will be worn up inside hard hat; Eating, drinking, chewing gum or tobacco, smoking, or any practice that increases the probability of hand-to-mouth transfer and ingestion of material is prohibited on-site; No personnel will be admitted to the site without the proper safety equipment, clearance or other approval; All personnel must comply with established safety procedures. Any staff member who does not comply with safety policy, as established by the Site Manager, will be immediately dismissed from the site; No unapproved work clothes or equipment will be allowed on-site; The buddy system will be used during site operations. Each worker should consider himself a safety backup to others on the work crew. All personnel should be aware of dangerous situations that may develop; Prescription drugs should not be taken by personnel where the potential for contact with toxic substances exist. Use must be specifically approved by a qualified physician; Work areas for various operational activities will be established; Work areas will be established based on prevailing site conditions and are subject to change. Personnel should check with the Site Manager for current and appropriate procedures regularly; Contact with contaminated or potentially contaminated material should be avoided. Whenever possible, do not walk through puddles, mud, or any discolored ground surface. Do not kneel on the ground. Do not lean, sit or place equipment on drums, containers, or vehicles;

119 No exchange of personal protective equipment will be allowed except in emergency situations involving a threat to health or safety; Lunch eaten at the site will be eaten only at the designated areas located away from the immediate area of the site; Due caution will be observed when proceeding on-foot through open areas, Aerotek personnel will not cross the line of cones that will separate the sorting area from the area where heavy equipment will be operating; and Any medical emergency supersedes routine safety requirements. A safety meeting will be conducted by the Site Manger prior to entering the site. The meeting will cover, but is not limited to, a review of site information and a question-and-answer period. A tailgate safety meeting will be conducted prior to any field activities on each day of fieldwork. The site information review will include: Expected hazards: Special conditions. Sampling procedures. Location of telephones. Emergency medical information. Level of personal protection required. Before entering the site, the following checklist should be reviewed: Check location of lavatory, water supply and telephones. Layout and check alternative safety gear. - First aid kit - Fire extinguishers - Extra clothing Put on required safety gear. Check gear for rips and malfunctions. Identify and be familiar with the responsibilities for each of the crewmembers prior to proceeding. Use caution. The following regulations will be observed during sampling: No eating/drinking/smoking while sampling;

120 Use standard sampling techniques; Use maximum care in handling samples. If the sampling site is not accessible using your gear (i.e., water too high, slippery ground, steeply sloped terrain, holes, etc.), do not sample. Confer with the Crew Chief about alternate sampling site; Wipe off spills, dirt, and residue immediately; If any gear or equipment damage develops, immediately repair or replace; If any personal protective equipment fails, proceed immediately to a designated area; and If you experience any physical discomfort, abnormalities, fatigue, or lightheadedness, immediately stop work, tell the Crew Chief, and leave the area with escort. 3.3 INSPECTIONS The Site Manager will inspect all safety equipment daily for the following: Proper working order. Nicks, cuts, tears, etc., in boots and gloves. Persistent stains. Any piece of safety equipment that is not in order will be repaired or disposed of properly. 3.4 WEATHER Decreased body ventilation caused by protective clothing and equipment can result in increased potential for heat stress. Workers should carefully observe each other for signs of heat stress, particularly on hot days. If appropriate, extra equipment will be assembled during periods of inclement weather, such as rain, wind, heat, and cold. Examples might include tents, coveralls, heaters, etc. 3.5 HOUSEKEEPING Work areas will be kept clean and orderly at all times. 3.6 DECONTAMINATION The risks of illness due to ingestion of diseased or decomposing materials from the work site are significant. To minimize these risks, all personnel should remove and store the outer layer of their protective clothing (i.e., coveralls, gloves, hat, etc.) on-site. Hands, face and nails should be

121 thoroughly washed, or scrubbed, with soap and water prior to engaging in any activity likely to transmit materials encountered on-site into the mouth. SECTION 4 PERSONNEL PROTECTION LEVEL DETERMINATION The Site Manager is responsible for insuring the health, safety, and efficiency of the team at the work site. The level of personal protection necessary for the health and safety of the team will be determined by the Site Manager. These factors include surface air and wind characteristics, the location of the site relative to human traffic, and overt signs of hazards to life and health. Under no circumstances will the team members downgrade the level of personal protection selected. The constituents of the typical level of required personal protection are listed below: Level D is the basic work uniform of the team. Equipment LEVEL D PERSONAL PROTECTION 1. Boots/shoes: Leather or chemical-resistant, steel toes. 2. Safety glasses. 3. Hard hat. 4. Dust mask. (Optional) 5. Work gloves (surgical and heavy rubber). 6. Safety vests. 7. Tyvek Suits (Sorting Crewmembers Only) When to Use: 1. Site set-up and operations in working zones, including Waste Sorting Area. Used By: 1. Team members working in the area, including: - Site Manager - Crew Chief - Sorting Crewmembers - Others, such as visitors, in the work zones. Additional gear may be required, at the discretion of the Site Manager, as site conditions demand.

122 APPENDIX 4 Residential Survey Results

123 My Report Last Modified: 10/10/ How often do you come to this location? # Answer Bar Respo nse % 1 Less than Once a Month 29 59% 2 Once a Month 13 27% Times a Month 6 12% 4 Once a Week 1 2% Times a Week 0 0% 6 Daily 0 0% Total 49 St at ist ic Value Min Value 1 Max Value 4 Mean 1.57 Variance 0.63 Standard Deviation 0.79 Total Responses 49

124 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? # Answer Bar Respo nse % 1 Yes 9 18% 2 No 40 82% Total 49 St at ist ic Value Min Value 1 Max Value 2 Mean 1.82 Variance 0.15 Standard Deviation 0.39 Total Responses 49

125 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? # Answer Bar Respo nse % 1 Morning 17 37% 2 Afternoon 20 43% 3 Evening 9 20% Total 46 St at ist ic Value Min Value 1 Max Value 3 Mean 1.83 Variance 0.55 Standard Deviation 0.74 Total Responses 46

126 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? Text Response various plastics cardboard boxes bulky cardboard Building materials Bog boxes etc. Paper, plastic,cardboard,metal -- all household. cardboard (usually), metal (once in a while) Cardboard boxes plastics not accepted in my recycle bin, larger boxes and similar items cardboard, cans Cardboard, scrap metal, plastic, styrofoam electronics, boxes furniture Cardboard Cardboard boxes misc. paper, cardboard, metal, etc. none. I use the roll out container for recycle None, but I would if you recycled/disposed of oils, paints, paint thinners, etc. at this site. Cardboard items Plastic / Cardboard cardboard, phone books, metal paper, carboard, plastic and other bottles paper, various cardboard moving boxes once extremely large cardboard Card Board; metal, glass boxes large boxes all bulk and electronic not collected weekly by city cardboard wood electronics, electrical stuff big boxes paper, cardboard, plastic bottles/containers, aluminum cans scrap wood, scrap metal cardboard cardboard, metal Excess paper, cardboard that won't fit in the recycling container at our house. St at ist ic Value Total Responses 38

127 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? Text Response large, miscellaneous household items generic trash. variety of things. broken furniture, trash that won't fit in the provided garbage can at the house, etc. old metal items such as grills, old pressboard furniture such as desks, shelves, etc. old windows building materials Large items I dont. Regular garbage is picked up. Household garbage. household garbage too large for curbside pickup Household trash none household trash everything possible household debris garbage Furniture/clothing not nice enough for donating anything that won't fit in our regular trash bins cardboard, magazines, glass, old/broken furniture Large materials too big for the trash bin broken items, mattresses, lawn furniture old flooring, wood, Wood/Metal Items broken furniture none None large bulk items that are not suitable for roadside collection, lumber left overs broken lawnmower, mattress, rolling cart, bulk items General trash; old household items old furniture big items and small, metal, wood, plastic mattresses, yogurt containers household random big old things, bikes grills bed frame exercise equip plastic bags computer parts, older furniture and white goods packaging materials that cannot be recycled, small furniture, household waste, etc. styrofoam, items not in workable condition, ex: vaccum cleaner, lamp, toaster Household garbage. St at ist ic Value Total Responses 38

128 6. At your home do you pay for trash pick up and recycling pick up? # Answer Bar Respo nse % 1 Yes 28 56% 2 No 22 44% Total 50 St at ist ic Value Min Value 1 Max Value 2 Mean 1.44 Variance 0.25 Standard Deviation 0.50 Total Responses 50

129 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (Please select all that apply) # Answer Bar Respo nse % 1 Motor Oil 23 48% 2 Cooking Oil 15 31% 3 Scrap Tires 9 19% 4 Yard Waste 30 63% 5 Electronics 38 79% 6 CFLs 19 40% St at ist ic Value Min Value 1 Max Value 6 Total Responses 48

130 8. Other comments/suggestions? Text Response The site could use some parking or more room. Often there are cars backed up onto Aviation Pkwy that causes traffic congestion and an overall dangerous situation. Would also like to see household hazardous waste collection such as batteries, cleaning chemicals, paints etc... This site needs to be expanded or relocated to a larger site elsewhere in Morrisville. Traffic backs up onto Aviation Blvd at times fm people entering and waiting in line. DO NOT MOVE THE SITE OUT OF MORRISVILLE! A shredding station Get the staff there to help more. Good service. Sometimes abused by commercial users. We use this as it's easier than dragging the huge Morrisville-supplied trash can to the bottom of our driveway. Please keep this site open and add electronics. The other wake sites are 45+ minutes away, very inconvenient! This center is so very convenient. We really appreciate having a center so close to our home. Having better access to the site (feeder lane) would mean less traffic problems on Aviation Parkway Battery Recycling Paint, paint thinners, wood stain, and related toxic items should be permitted to be disposed of at this site. With only getting yard waste pick up every two weeks in Morrisville,,it would be nice if we could drop off yard waste. If we do the yard on the weekend and it takes 1 1/2 to get the yard waste picked up, the brown bags are a hot mess by the time they pick them up. :) I am very pleased with the service I receive from this site. Would like to have paint, etc recycling at this center. This site should be monitored more closely as I believe that contractors are taking materials there. Contractors and businesses should pay for the facilities and residents would have easier access. yard waste should be composted. be great if they sold low cost water collecting barrels, and compost bins. Yardwaste is my first choice for additional items collected followed by electronics. I just moved into Wake County so I haven't had the chance to use the center yet. It would be nice if they accepted e-waste there. the center is great and needed or the county would be picking up this trash along the highway don't know what you could do, but it's a zoo on weekend mornings, blocking traffic on aviation and such Allow recycling of Batteries (Pb-acid, Li-ion, Ni-MH, Ni-Cad, Alkaline, etc) There needs to be a place to recycle pallets and yard waste for Town of Morrisville residents. St at ist ic Value Total Responses 22

131 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 9 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Sunday, November 27, :56:56 AM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Sunday, November 27, :57:49 AM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Weekly 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? No 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Afternoon 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? cardboard 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? trash 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? No 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Motor Oil 8. Other comments or suggestions? No Response 9. Optional Information No Response Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog Help: Tutorials Answers & FAQs Contact Support About Us: Management Team Board of Directors Partners Newsroom Contact Us We're Hiring

132 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 8 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Saturday, November 26, :19:21 PM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Saturday, November 26, :21:03 PM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Weekly 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? No 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Morning 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? plastic s 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? householdtrash 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? No 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Motor Oil Cooking Oil Yard Waste Electronics 8. Other comments or suggestions? No Response 9. Optional Information No Response Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog

133 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 7 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Friday, November 25, :53:17 AM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Friday, November 25, :54:26 AM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Couple times a year 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? No 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Afternoon 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? cardboard boxes 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? misc household items 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? Yes 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Yard Waste Electronics 8. Other comments or suggestions? No Response 9. Optional Information No Response Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog Help: Tutorials Answers & FAQs Contact Support About Us: Management Team Board of Directors Partners Newsroom Contact Us We're Hiring

134 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 6 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Thursday, November 24, :23:25 AM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Thursday, November 24, :24:12 AM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Weekly 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? No 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Morning 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? bottles and cans 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? garbage 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? No 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Yard Waste Compact Fluorescent Light bulbs (CFL's) 8. Other comments or suggestions? No Response 9. Optional Information No Response Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog Help: Tutorials Answers & FAQs Contact Support About Us: Management Team Board of Directors Partners Newsroom Contact Us We're Hiring

135 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 5 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Sunday, November 20, :54:45 PM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Sunday, November 20, :55:00 PM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Monthly 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? No 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Evening 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? No Response 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? No Response 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? No Response 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) No Response 8. Other comments or suggestions? No Response 9. Optional Information No Response Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog Help: Tutorials Answers & FAQs Contact Support About Us: Management Team Board of Directors Partners Newsroom Contact Us We're Hiring

136 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 4 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Friday, November 11, :05:43 PM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Friday, November 11, :08:05 PM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Monthly 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? Yes 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Afternoon 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? Aluminum, plastics & glass 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? Household waste, bulk trash 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? Yes 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Motor Oil Electronics 8. Other comments or suggestions? No Response 9. Optional Information Address: - Greenville loop rd City/Town: - Wake forest State: - NC ZIP:

137 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 3 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Thursday, November 10, :41:23 PM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Thursday, November 10, :43:25 PM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Monthly 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? Yes 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Afternoon 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? plastic and aluminum 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? garbage 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? No 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Motor Oil Electronics 8. Other comments or suggestions? No Response 9. Optional Information No Response Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog Help: Tutorials Answers & FAQs Contact Support About Us: Management Team Board of Directors Partners Newsroom Contact Us We're Hiring

138 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 2 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Wednesday, November 9, :09:36 PM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Wednesday, November 9, :13:06 PM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Weekly 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? No 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Morning 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? Plastic, Paper, Cardboard, Metal/cans, glass 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? Recycling weekly. 1 bag garbage monthy 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? No 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Motor Oil Electronics 8. Other comments or suggestions? The attendants on weekends 7-8 am always very nice and helpful. 9. Optional Information No Response Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog Help: Tutorials Answers & FAQs Contact Support About Us: Management Team Board of Directors Partners Newsroom Contact Us We're Hiring

139 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 2 11/30/2011 Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Default Report Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Displaying 1 of 9 respondents Response Type: Normal Response Custom Value: empty Response Started: Sunday, November 6, :39:43 AM Collector: New Link (Web Link) IP Address: Response Modified: Sunday, November 6, :40:34 AM 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Monthly 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? Yes 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Afternoon 4. What materials do you usually bring for recycling? No Response 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? No Response 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? Yes 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Motor Oil Scrap Tires Yard Waste 8. Other comments or suggestions? No Response 9. Optional Information No Response Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog Help: Tutorials Answers & FAQs Contact Support

140 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 1 of 3 11/30/2011 JoyceEngineering Sign Out Help My Surveys Address Book Resources Plans & Pricing + Create Survey You have a BASIC account To remove the limits of a BASIC account and get unlimited questions, upgrade now! Wake County Convenience Center Survey (Rolesville, NC) Customer Feedback Edit Design Survey Collect Responses Analyze Results View Summary Browse Responses Filter Responses Crosstab Responses Download Responses Share Responses Default Report + Add Report Response Summary Total Started Survey: 9 Total Completed Survey: 9 (100%) PAGE: 1 1. How often do you come to the convenience center located at 3913 Lillie Liles? Create Chart Download Response Percent Response Count Daily 0.0% 0 Weekly 44.4% 4 Monthly 44.4% 4 Couple times a year 11.1% 1 answered question 9 skipped question 0 2. Do you use other convenience centers or recycling sites? Create Chart Download Response Percent Response Count Yes 33.3% 3 No 66.7% 6 answered question 9 skipped question 0 3. What time do you usually come to this facility? Create Chart Download Response Percent Response Count Morning 33.3% 3 Afternoon 55.6% 5 Evening 11.1% 1 answered question 9 skipped question 0

141 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 2 of 3 11/30/ What materials do you usually bring for recycling? Download Response Count Show Responses 7 answered question 7 skipped question 2 5. What materials do you usually bring to throw out? Download Response Count Show Responses 7 answered question 7 skipped question 2 6. At your home, do you pay for trash and recycling pick up? Create Chart Download Response Percent Response Count Yes 37.5% 3 No 62.5% 5 answered question 8 skipped question 1 7. What additional items would you like to see collected at this site? (select all that apply) Create Chart Download Response Percent Response Count Motor Oil 75.0% 6 Cooking Oil 12.5% 1 Scrap Tires 12.5% 1 Yard Waste 50.0% 4 Electronics 62.5% 5 Compact Fluorescent Light bulbs (CFL's) 12.5% 1 answered question 8 skipped question 1 8. Other comments or suggestions? Download Response Count Show Responses 1 answered question 1 skipped question 8

142 SurveyMonkey - Survey Results Page 3 of 3 11/30/ Optional Information Download Response Percent Response Count Name: 0.0% 0 Address: Show Responses 100.0% 1 Address 2: 0.0% 0 City/Town: Show Responses 100.0% 1 State: Show Responses 100.0% 1 ZIP: Show Responses 100.0% 1 Address: 0.0% 0 answered question 1 skipped question 8 Follow Us: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Our Blog Help: Tutorials Answers & FAQs Contact Support About Us: Management Team Board of Directors Partners Newsroom Contact Us We're Hiring Policies: Terms of Use Privacy Policy Anti-Spam Policy Security Statement Opt-Out Dansk Deutsch English Español Français 한국어 Italiano Nederlands 日本語 Norsk Português Русский Suomi Svenska 中文 ( 繁體 ) Customer Feedback Product Feedback Market Research Employee Satisfaction Performance Reviews Healthcare Surveys Event Planning Education Surveys Non Profit Surveys Phone Polling Forms By Wufoo SurveyMonkey Audience Copyright SurveyMonkey

143 APPENDIX 5 NC DOT AADT Maps

144