David Broustis Energy Manager King County, WA March 21,2014

Transcription

1 David Broustis Energy Manager King County, WA March 21,2014

2 Background: King County government/energy/renewables Wastewater Treatment Division: Generation and use of renewable energy Planning for change and an uncertain future

3 350+ facilities Millions of square feet Annual Facility Energy Use $28,000, ,240,000 Kwh 2,269,000 therms Wide variety of operations Wastewater Treatment: 58% of total county gov t facility energy use Administrative buildings Large landfill and solid waste transfer stations Other: pools, parks, transit bases (1,400+ bus system), warehouses, public health facilities, law enforcement

4 Strategic Plan Environmental Sustainability Minimize King County s operational environmental footprint Service Excellence Keep the county s cost of doing business down Using resources efficiently can free-up these financial resources to support other county services Financial Stewardship Plan for the long-term sustainability of county services Lean government initiative Continuous improvement Legislation 2010 Energy Plan 2012 Strategic Climate Action Plan (SCAP) 15% energy reduction by % energy reduction by 2020

5 County Renewable Energy Production Renewable Energy Category Units Annual Generation Cedar Hills Landfill gas methane generation Therms 15,522,360 Cedar Hills Landfill electricity generation kwh 15,071,832 West Point Treatment Plant cogeneration kwh 17,000,000 South Treatment Plant exported biogas generation Therms 1,510,080 Other Wastewater Treatment (pumps, boilers, etc.) MMBTU 175,000 KC Photovoltaic and solar hot water generation kwh 101,706

6 Now producing/consuming the equivalent of 54.2% of county government energy use with renewables Renewable Energy Production and Use (as a percentage of King County s government operation energy use) 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

7 Serves 1.4 million people 420 square miles of geography 42 pump stations 19 regulator stations 353 miles of pipe 2 14 in diameter 200 million gallons per day average treatment 34 Local agencies contribute flow

8 Also... Adaptation: Transformation in living organisms that allows them to live successfully in a changing environment Mitigation: the action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something. Evolution: a process of gradual, peaceful, progressive change or development, as in social or economic structure or institutions.

9 24/7/365 system function is critical; the water can t stop flowing Water quality Health and sanitation Minimizing combined sewer overflows into Puget Sound Onsite energy source (biogas) helps address resiliency How to best use this free resource? For the department? For the environment?

10 West Point Wastewater Treatment Plant The engineers had it right 50 years ago The treatment plant (primary treatment) could operate completely disconnected from outside utility services Methane from digesters originally used for: Raw Sewage Pumps (RSPs) Pump wastewater into the plant In place since 1960s, and still operating (engines replaced in 1990s) Effluent pumps Boilers (Old) Cogeneration Three 1.2 mw units In place since 1983 Broke down for good in 2007

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12 Secondary treatment since 90s Methane currently used for: Raw Sewage Pumps (RSPs) New Cogeneration: 2.4 mw electricity: 17,000,000+ kwh/year Heat from: RSPs, cogen, and boilers Raw Sewage Pumps Other resilience against plant shutdown Dual electrical feed (since 1990s) On-site propane backup for Raw Sewage Pumps and boilers Backup generators to operate critical services (to keep plant from flooding)

13 Heat Recovery from RSP exhaust air Heat Recovery from Cogen exhaust air Heat Recovery from RSP engines Boilers operate on methane

14 Plant can generate the equivalent of 94% of its energy needs annually Originally (1970s) used methane for boilers/heating Water-water heat pumps Extract heat from effluent water, since 1982 Extract 2X+ heat than energy consumed Gas Scrubbing system, since late 1980s Scrubs water and CO 2 from digester gas Injects this extra methane into natural gas pipeline Selling and putting gas in pipeline longer than any treatment plant in the U.S. Gas scrubbing tower

15 Cogeneration: Built after 2001 West Coast energy crisis 2001: paid up to $1/kWh to operate plant 4.5 mw capacity Now typically used for peak shaving and for reliability from power bumps during storms Fuel cell demonstration At the time, was world s largest fuel cell of its type operating from digester gas Other resiliency: Dual electrical feed Cogen Engine Fuel Cell

16 West Point: Fine tuning systems to maximize heat recovery Digester methane can be a challenge due to its inconsistent nature South Plant: New heat pumps and new gas scrubbing system Pump Station Resiliency: Diesel generators being sized to operate stations at full capacity

17 Ready for Change Planning backward from 2050 Sea-Level Rise Looking at potential facilities impacted through various scenarios Include sea-level rise scenarios in capital project design guidelines Tides: Include information in weather reports for operations staff Future: Weather/Rainfall and Storm Patterns: Studying the future trend of rainfall events greater than 2 in/day Temperature: Number of days above a threshold temperature Causes increase in bacteria that impact treatment (observations at facilities)

18 Seattle Storm Surge Heights Above Predicted Tides (Zervas, C.E., 2007) Annual Probability: Feet above typical tide 1% (once in 100 years average): % (once in 10 years average): % (once every 2 years average): % (once per year average): 1.5

19 Sea-Level Rise and Storm Surges Facility impacts with different scenarios

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21 David Broustis Energy Manager King County Department of Natural Resources & Parks (206)

22 NACo Green Government Initiative Santa Barbara, CA March 21, 2014 Katie Borgella, AICP Tompkins County Planning Department Tompkins County Planning Dept

23 Tompkins County, New York Ithaca Cornell Finger Lakes Population 101,564 Size (sq. miles) 492 Tompkins County Planning Dept

24 Impacts We re Worried About Tompkins County Planning Dept

25 Today s Outline County government facilities and operations Community planning and projects Tompkins County Planning Dept

26 Gov t Facilities & Operations Reuse of building spaces Performance contracting Solar PV & thermal on facilities Policies LEED Silver for new buildings Waste reduction Green procurement Workplace environment Green fleet Tompkins County Planning Dept

27 Gov t Facilities & Operations Solid Waste 75% diversion goal Airport 1 st FAA-funded Green Master Plan Tompkins County Planning Dept

28 Energy Procurement, Remote Net Metering 2012 NYS Law Municipal Electric and Gas Alliance Private Developer, max 2 MW { Solar Micro-hydroelectric Farm waste-to-energy Tompkins County Planning Dept

29 Comprehensive Plan Energy integrated into Plan 80% GHG reduction by Energy Strategy for first 20% Updating now sustainability, climate change, adaptation Tompkins County Planning Dept

30 Energy Roadmap Aspirational vision Energy future in 2020 & 2050 renewable energy energy efficiency existing technologies (e.g., CHP) Practical plan for how to achieve vision Tompkins County Planning Dept

31 FEMA-approved Hazard Mitigation Plan Historic Occurrences Historic Cost and Damages Future Potential Impact Tompkins County Planning Dept

32 Hazard Mitigation Plan Example Priority Actions Conduct annual climate science outreach to municipalities Perform engineering assessments on critical facilities taking into account climate projections Establish undeveloped stream buffers Tompkins County Planning Dept

33 Community Engagement Plans result in shared goals and actions Tompkins County Climate Protection Initiative Foundations Business Community Higher Education Cooperative Extension Tompkins County Planning Dept

34 Shared - space, amenities, energy systems Parking at the perimeter Designed for spontaneous interaction Tompkins County Planning Dept

35 What makes these resilient communities? These are the most air-tight and energy efficient homes I have ever seen, and they use simple, standard construction techniques, making them easy for other builders to replicate. - NYS Energy Agency Inspector Use 50-90% less energy Strong community ties Tompkins County Planning Dept

36 Lastly, A Few Other Projects Home Energy Rating and Disclosure Ordinance Solar Tompkins 300 new PV installs in 1 year Ithaca 2030 District Tompkins County Sustainability Center Regional Biomass Pellet Infrastructure Project Tompkins County Planning Dept

37 Contact Information Tompkins County Department of Planning tompkinscountyny.gov/planning Katie Borgella, Principal Planner Tompkins County Planning Dept

38 Tompkins County Planning Dept

39 Los Angeles County Renewables Experience Internal Operations Combined Heat & Power (cogen): Jail, Hospital, Civic Center Efficiencies Utility Interconnection Black Start Islanding Tri-generation Solar PV Purchase vs Lease vs PPA Lease requires security (collateral) PPA experience (achieved rate guarantee) 2.3MW Tracking installation (QECB) Other Benefits of Renewables, Cogen Hedge against utilities/fuels costs, market impacts Lowers GHG baseline

40 Los Angeles County Renewables Experience Community Programs Solar Mapping (solarmap.lacounty.gov, lacounty.solarmap.gov) Combined into County LIDAR program Used in LADWP feed-in tariff design Region-wide solar potential IOU Local Capacity Requirements Solicitations San Onofre Nuclear GS, Once-thru cooling thermal plants Preferred Resources Local, regional impacts The Vision Sydney Sustainability Plan Green Infrastructure Master Plan How? Regional Energy Network (theenergynetwork.com)

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