Got Nutrients? BAM! Modular Wetland Performance with BAM

Transcription

1 FSA 2016 Winter Conference December 7-9, 2016 Palm Harbor, Florida Got Nutrients? BAM! Modular Wetland Performance with BAM Lee Mullon, PE, CFM Geosyntec Consultants Melissa Lavigne Orange County Environmental Protection Division

2 2

3 3

4 TN Loading (kg/yr) Failed Septic Surface Runoff TP loading (kg/yr) Failed Septic Seepage Seepage Precipita tion [CATEG ORY NAME] Surface Runoff 4

5 Pre-Improvement Stormwater Flow 5

6 Post-Improvement Stormwater Flow 6

7 Modular Wetlands 7

8 Biosorption Activated Media Bold and Gold Expanded Clay and Tire Crumb Expanded Slate 8

9 Now to the Questions.. 9

10 Selecting an Auto-Sampler Measurement Capabilities Parameters: rainfall, level or flow (area / velocity) Triggers Any of the rainfall, level or flow parameter Can daisy chain multiple auto-samplers together so that when one auto-sampler triggers, the next one triggers simultaneously or after a certain time delay Suction line Vinyl, polyethylene, silicone Strainer Stainless Steel, Composite Power (solar, battery, direct) Bottle(s) material and number 10

11 Quality Assurance Project Plan The most important document in any monitoring project 11 Acts as the official sampling program approved by the municipality and grantor agency Provides an opportunity to adapt cookie cutter monitoring requirements in a grant into reasonable sampling goals, means and methods Allows for agency buy-in of novel approaches (equipment, sampling, etc ) for unique sampling circumstances Don t simply use the last QAPP that was developed from another project Lab Quality Manual review

12 Monitoring Best Practices Field Checklists 12 Ensure rain gauge is level and funnel is not clogged Calibrate flow meters, level and auto-sampler sample volumes Ensure modules are plugged into the correct port Ensure pump tubing is not cracked Conduct equipment blank when tubing is replaced Ensure suction line is at the lowest point of collection Flow meter is affected by turbulence, place flow meter in area of low turbulence to the extent practical Position sample jars correctly inside auto-sampler Ensure battery is properly connected and being charged from power source Complete maintenance logs for all maintenance activity

13 Water Quality Monitoring Regulatory Requirements and Standards Granted-funded water quality projects (319 Grants) have specified quality assurance requirements Chapter F.A.C. DEP-QA-002/02 Requirements for Field and Analytical Work performed for the Department of Environmental Protection under Contract FDEP Standard Operating Procedures for Field Activities Other Potential Agency Requirements: NPDES MS4 Permit Monitoring Requirements SJRWMD Environmental Resource Permits Annual monitoring or reporting requirements to satisfy permit conditions 13

14 14

15 Bay Lake Monitoring Equipment Rain Gauge Solar Panel Storm Shelter Modular Wetland with Expanded Slate Modular Wetland with Bold and Gold 15

16 Bay Lake Monitoring Equipment Ditch Inflow ISCO 6712 with Telemetry for Remote Access Area / Velocity Sensor 16

17 Bay Lake Monitoring Equipment 17

18 Storm Event Modeling Importance of Hydrologic Methodology Composite Curve Number Method without DCIA consideration can estimate zero runoff conditions for very high CN but low rainfall events Hydrology methods should include DCIA directly to account for direct runoff from lower rainfall events TR-55 18

19 Modeled Hydrology and System Hydraulics Grant required sampling during Qualifying Rainfall Events between inches 19

20 Modeled Hydrology and System Hydraulics Grant required sampling during Qualifying Rainfall Events between inches 20

21 Observed Hydrology and System Hydraulics Flow in General Agreement With Model Results 21

22 Observed Hydrology and System Hydraulics Flow in General Agreement With Model Results 22

23 23

24 Theft Theft is always a concern for environmental monitoring equipment Solar panels were the least secured piece of equipment on-site and were stolen 24

25 Theft-Deterrent Made it more difficult (not impossible) to steal panels Increased pole height Added LED spotlights with motion sensors Added dummy security cameras Added surveillance poster Security features cost = $100 One solar panel = $200 25

26 Theft-Deterrent 26

27 Maintenance High sediment loading from ditchinflow caused filter chamber to clog Maintenance crews contributed to clogging with grass clippings getting into system System undersized for specific application 27

28 Not Properly Draining System in Bypass 28

29 Residents Reaction to Project Most residents reported being pleased with the project and project s goals of reducing pollutants into Bay Lake One resident complained about the aesthetics of the system Clogging would cause ditches to backup with up to 12 inches of standing water until system slowly drained down or would be maintained, leading to some resident complaints Active communication of project goals and the project system were generally effective means of maintaining local support for the project 29

30 Composite Flow-Weighted Auto-Sampling 30

31 31 Influent Effluent

32 Results Ortho Phosphorus Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 0.09 µ effluent conc. = 0.06 µ reduction = 34% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 0.10 µ effluent conc. = 0.07 µ reduction = 28% OP (mg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 32

33 Results Total Phosphorus Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 0.16 µ effluent conc. = 0.12 µ reduction = 34% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 0.29 µ effluent conc. = 0.14 µ reduction = 40% 0.6 TP (mg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 33

34 Results Ammonia Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = µ effluent conc. = µ reduction = 42% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = µ effluent conc. = µ reduction = 39% NH3 (mg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 34

35 Results TKN Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 1.29 µ effluent conc. = 0.92 µ reduction = 28% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 2.5 µ effluent conc. = 0.68 µ reduction = 57% TKN (mg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 35

36 Results Nitrate + Nitrite Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 0.24 µ effluent conc. = 0.16 µ reduction = 28% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 0.27 µ effluent conc. = 0.21 µ reduction = 9% OP (mg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 36

37 Results Total Nitrogen Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 1.52 µ effluent conc. = 0.97 µ reduction = 36% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 2.79 µ effluent conc. = 1.01 µ reduction = 46% TN (mg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 37

38 Results Total Suspended Solids Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 18.6 µ effluent conc. = 4.64 µ reduction = 69% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 43.9 µ effluent conc. = 3.94 µ reduction = 77% TSS (mg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 38

39 Results Copper Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 17.2 µ effluent conc. = 19.7 µ reduction = -11% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 24.8 µ effluent conc. = 18.7 µ reduction = 31% Copper (µg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 39

40 Results Chromium 16 Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 2.40 µ effluent conc. = 3.50 µ reduction = -37% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 2.95 µ effluent conc. = 2.00 µ reduction = 24% Cadmium (µg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 40

41 Results Zinc 200 Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 36.4 µ effluent conc. = 41.6 µ reduction = -17% Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 73.8 µ effluent conc. = 39.8 µ reduction = 33% 120 Zinc (µg/l) ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Effluent 41

42 Results Oil & Grease Expanded Slate µ inflow conc. = 3.33 µ effluent conc. = 2.96 µ reduction = 2% Oil & Grease (mg/l) Bold & Gold µ inflow conc. = 2.31 µ effluent conc. = 2.72 µ reduction = -21% 1 0 ES Influent ES Effluent B&G Influent B&G Influent 42

43 Results Summary 43 Analyte Expanded Slate Modular Wetland %Reduction Bold and Gold Modular Wetland %Reduction Ortho Phosphorus Total Phosphorus Ammonia TKN Nitrate + Nitrite 28 9 Total Nitrogen Total Suspended Solids Copper Chromium Zinc Oil & Grease 2-21 * Represents concentration reductions only. Does not represent mass loading reductions of overall system since bypass flows were discharged untreated.

44 Conclusions 44 Modular Wetlands were demonstrated to reduce nutrients in this study for both types of BAM % reductions measured cannot be taken as annual mass load reductions due to bypass flows that were untreated Both Modular Wetlands received very similar hydraulic conveyances (flow rates & volumes) throughout study Water quality characteristics through each Modular Wetland were similar but not consistent enough to enable direct comparison of BAM, particularly for nutrients Bold and Gold BAM generally resulted in higher removals of copper, chromium and zinc Expanded slate BAM generally resulted in higher removals of oil and grease Proper monitoring planning, starting with a robust QAPP, is needed for a successful BMP monitoring program

45 THANK YOU! SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TO: ORANGE COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION: MELISSA LAVIGNE GEOSYNTEC TEAM LEADERS: MARK ELLARD, PE, CFM, D.WRE THOMAS AMSTADT, PE, CFM JULIA KLENZ CAPRIO, MBA, ASQ-CMQ/OE ALSO THANKS TO: SUNTREE TECHNOLOGIES BIOCLEAN ENVIRONMENTAL Contact: Lee Mullon, PE, CFM 45