Conservation Planning
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- Joseph Johns
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1 Conservation Planning
2 Good Conservation Planning vs Good Conservation Plan Good Planning = Following the 9 step planning process with proper documentation(including CPA-52 Environmental Worksheet and CPA-15 Assistance notes, etc.) Good Plan = - A written document with producers selected practices and implementation schedule - Map - Job sheets and designs
3 The Guidance Document National Planning Procedures Handbook (NPPH)
4 NRCS Planning Process 3 Phase, 9 step process -Planning is a dynamic process It can start with any of the first 3 steps or it could start with step 9.
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6 Phase 1 Collection and Analysis (understanding problems and opportunities) Step 1 Identify problems and opportunities Onsite visits are required to identify existing, potential, and perceived natural resource problems, opportunities, and concerns in the planning area Step 2 Determine Objectives (Client s Objectives) Step 3 Inventory Resources (document the resource concerns) Soil survey info, maps, knowledge of area Step 4 Analyze Resource Data (Analyze the resource info gathered in step 3. Consider social and economic issues related to the resource concerns)
7 Environmental Evaluation Worksheet CPA-52 U.S. Department of Agriculture NRCS-CPA-52 Natural Resources Conservation Service 4/2013 ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION A. Client Name: WORKSHEET D. Client's Objective(s) (purpose): Step 2 Determine Objectives B. Conservation Plan ID # (as applicable): Program Authority (optional): C. Identification # (farm, tract, field #, etc as required): E. Need for Action: H. Alternatives No Action if RMS Alternative 1 if RMS Alternative 2 if RMS Resource Concerns In Section "F" below, analyze, record, and address concerns identified through the Resources Inventory process. (See FOTG Section III - Resource Planning Criteria for guidance). F. Resource Concerns and I. Effects of Alternatives Existing/ Benchmark No Action Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Conditions Amount, Status, Amount, Status, Amount, Status, (Analyze and record the if if if Description does Description does Description does existing/benchmark NOT NOT NOT conditions for each (Document both short and meet (Document both short and meet (Document both short and meet identified concern) long term impacts) PC long term impacts) PC long term impacts) PC SOIL: EROSION NOT meet PC NOT meet PC NOT meet PC SOIL: SOIL QUALITY DEGRADATION NOT meet PC NOT meet PC NOT meet PC NOT meet PC NOT meet PC NOT meet PC WATER: EXCESS / INSUFFICIENT WATER NOT meet PC NOT meet PC NOT meet PC WATER: WATER QUALITY DEGRADATION NOT meet PC NOT meet PC NOT meet PC
8 CPA-52 cont. Special Environmental Concerns: Environmental Laws, Executive Orders, policies, etc. In Section "G" complete and attach Environmental Procedures Guide Sheets for documentation as applicable. Items with a " " may require a federal permit or consultation/coordination between the lead agency and another government agency. In these cases, effects may need to be determined in consultation with another agency. Planning and practice implementation may proceed for practices not involved in consultation. G. Special Environmental J. Impacts to Special Environmental Concerns Concerns No Action Alternative 1 Alternative 2 (Document existing/ Document all impacts if Document all impacts if Document all impacts benchmark conditions) needs needs (Attach Guide Sheets as (Attach Guide Sheets as (Attach Guide Sheets as further further applicable) action applicable) action applicable) if needs further action Clean Air Act Guide Sheet FS1 FS-2 Clean Water Act / Waters of the U.S. Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Coastal Zone Management Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Coral Reefs Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Cultural Resources / Historic Properties Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Endangered and Threatened Species Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Environmental Justice Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Essential Fish Habitat Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Floodplain Management Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Invasive Species Guide Sheet Fact Sheet Migratory Birds/Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act Guide Sheet Fact Sheet
9 Step 1 Identify Problems and Opportunities On site visit to identify existing, potential, and perceived problems, opportunities and concerns. Inputs: Client input and planner experience
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13 Step 2 Determine Objectives Determine the Client s objectives based on client s needs, use, treatment, and management of the area. Inputs: Client input -- The Key to successful conservation planning
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20 Step 3 Inventory Resources Complete inventory of planning area. Soil, Water, Plants, Air, Animals, Social and Economic. Identify existing or potential resource concerns and opportunities. Inputs: Aerial photos, inventory tools, soils info, practice standards, and field observations This step moves client and planner to a position of knowledge
21 National and State Resource Concerns and Planning Criteria
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23 National and State Resource Concerns and Planning Criteria 10/1/2013 SOIL Description Land Use Component Screening Assessment Level Assessment Tools SOIL QUALITY DEGRADATION Concentration of salts or other chemicals Concentration of salts leading to salinity and/or sodicity reducing productivity or limiting desired use, or concentrations of other chemicals impacting productivity or limiting desired use. Crop Pasture Range Associated Ag Land Farmsteads Activities do not cause salinity/sodicity problems Conservation practices and managements are in place to mitigate on-site effects Soil diagnostic evaluations WATER Description Land Use Component Screening Assessment Level Assessment Tools Ponding or flooding not a problem Ponding and Flooding AND Activities do not cause ponding/flooding problems EXCESS WATER Ponding, flooding, seasonal high water table, seeps, and drifted snow INSUFFICIENT WATER Inefficient moisture management Surface water or poor subsurface drainage restricts land use and management goals. Wind-blown snow accumulates around and over surface structures, restricting access to humans and animals. Natural precipitation is not optimally managed to support desired land use goals or ecological processes. Crop Forest Farmsteads Pasture Range Developed Land Associated Ag Land Designated Protected Area Other Rural Land Crop Developed Land Forest Associated Ag Land Designated Protected Area Range* Pasture Seasonal High Water Table Seeps Drifted Snow Seasonal high water table does not cause a problem Excess water from seeps does not cause a problem Drifted snow does not cause a problem Moisture management is not a problem AND Activities do not cause inefficient moisture management problems Excess water is managed to meet Client s objectives Runoff and evapotranspiration levels are minimized to meet Client s management objectives RHA - hydrologic function attributes slight to moderate or less PCS compaction element score 4 AND PCS - plant cover element score 4 Client input / planner observation Client input / planner observation RHA - Rangeland Health Assessment PCS - Pasture Condition Score INSUFFICIENT WATER Inefficient Irrigation water is not stored, delivered, scheduled and/or applied efficiently. Aquifer or surface water withdrawals threaten sustained availability of ground or surface water. All* PLU is not irrigated The irrigation system components and State identified measurement and assessment tools - Farm Irrigation
24 National and State Resource Concerns and Planning Criteria 10/1/2013 WATER Description Land Use Component Screening Assessment Level Assessment Tools WATER QUALITY DEGRADATION: Excess nutrients in surface and ground waters (continued) Nutrients - organic and inorganic - are transported to receiving waters through surface runoff and/or leaching into Farmsteads* shallow ground waters in quantities that degrade water quality and limit use for intended purposes. Excess nutrients in surface water Excess nutrients in groundwater Organic or inorganic nutrients are not applied AND PLU is not grazed AND There are no confined livestock areas Conservation practices and managements are in place to minimize surface water impacts AND Surface waters are protected from contamination due to runoff and leaching from storage sites, spill and other concentrated sources Nutrient Budget Client input / planner observation Conservation practices and managements are in place to minimize groundwater impacts AND Groundwater is protected from contamination due to runoff and leaching from storage sites, spill and other concentrated sources WATER QUALITY DEGRADATION Pesticides transported to surface and ground waters Pest control chemicals are transported to receiving waters in quantities that degrade water quality and limit use for intended purposes. All Pesticides transported to surface water Pesticides transported to groundwater Pest control chemicals are not applied Pest control chemicals are not applied Pesticides are stored, handled, disposed and managed to prevent runoff, spills, leaks and leaching AND Conservation practices and managements are in place to minimize surface water impacts Pesticides are stored, handled, disposed and managed to prevent runoff, spills, leaks and leaching AND Conservation practices and managements are in place to minimize groundwater impacts Client input / planner observation WinPST WATER QUALITY DEGRADATION Excess pathogens and chemicals from manure, bio-solids or compost applications Pathogens, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals carried by land applied soil amendments are transported to receiving waters in quantities that degrade water quality and limit use for intended purposes. This resource concern also includes the off-site transport of leachate and runoff from compost or other organic materials of animal origin. Crop* Farmsteads* Forest Developed Land Associated Ag Land Other Rural Land Designated Protected Area Water Pasture* Range Pathogens and chemicals from manure, bio-solids, or compost applications transported to surface water Pathogens and chemicals from manure, bio-solids, or compost applications transported to groundwater Potential sources of pathogens or pharmaceuticals are not applied on the land Potential sources of pathogens or pharmaceuticals are not applied on the land Organic materials are applied, stored, and/or handled to mitigate negative impacts to surface water sources Organic materials are applied, stored, and/or handled to mitigate negative impacts to groundwater sources Client input / planner observation
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28 Step 4 Analyze Resource Data Planner studies data and formulates and evaluates alternatives. Inputs: Clients objectives, Identified problems, opportunities, and concerns
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32 Phase 2 Decision Support (Understanding the Solutions) Step 5 Formulate Alternatives Provide alternatives that will achieve the client s objectives, solve the identified resource concern, and take advantage of opportunities to improve or protect resource conditions Step 6- Evaluate Alternatives Evaluate the alternatives to determine their effects in addressing the client s objectives and identified resource concerns Review the alternatives with the client gets them involved in the process Step 7 Make Decisions THE CLIENT selects their preferred alternative and works with planner to schedule the practice implementation The plan document with selected alternative is developed
33 Step 5 Formulate Alternatives Develop options that meet landowner objectives and solve resource concerns
34 Conservation Practice Physical Effects (CPPE)
35 Formulate and Evaluate Alternatives Steps 5 & 6 CPPE
36 Formulate and Evaluate Alternatives Steps 5 &6 -- CPPE
37 Conservation Practice Standards
38 Presenting alternatives
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44 Step 6 Evaluate alternatives The purpose of this step is to provide the client with the information needed to make sound decisions. Provides another opportunity for client to be involved in planning process. Inputs: Everything you have put together so far. Including program information and requirements *COST ESTIMATES
45 Step 7 Make Decisions The client determines which alternative to implement and planner prepares necessary documentation. Products: The plan document with selected alternative including O&M, and program opportunities
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47 Step 7 Client selects Alternative and it is documented in the Plan
48 Step 7 cont. the Map
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50 Phase 3 Application and Evaluation (Understanding the Results) Step 8 Implement the Plan The Client implements the selected alternatives. Planner provides client with detailed practice implementation info including: Financial Assistance job sheets engineering designs practice layout construction inspection certification. Step 9 - Evaluate the Plan Evaluate the effectiveness of the plan in solving the resource concerns as it is implemented. Make adjustments as needed.
51 That s our planning process..what else is there?
52 Component Plans Component Plans provide greater detail in addressing one or more resource concerns Grazing Management Plan Irrigation Water Mgt Plan Prescribed Burn Plan Integrated Pest Mgt Plan Nutrient Mgt Plan Comprehensive Nutrient Mgt. Plan
53 Areawide Conservation Planning Areawide conservation plans are voluntary, comprehensive plans for watersheds or other broadbased geographical areas. Areawide planning engages participants from the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. The commitment of stakeholders should be obtained before the planning process begins.
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