Renewable Energies in Spain Development & Challenges. Tokyo, 26th February 2013

Transcription

1 Renewable Energies in Spain Development & Challenges Tokyo, 26th February 2013

2 Renewables Life Energy.

3 s u m m a r y 1. Renewables in Spain 2. Driving European Framework 3. Current Developments and Technical Challenges Wind, Solar PV, Solar Thermal, Biomass & Grid Integration

4 1. Renewables in Spain

5 Energy Dependency - UE /2008 Part of the Problem 1. Renewables in Spain Source: EUROSTAT (2007) / MICyT (2008)

6 Abundant and Distributed Solar and Wind Resources 1. Renewables in Spain atlaseolico.idae.es re.jrc.ec.europa.eu

7 Dynamic Evolution of the Energy Matrix Part of the Solution 1. Renewables in Spain Decreasing Emissions! Source: IDAE/MITYC.

8 Increasingly significant and high Performance Contribution to the Energy Mix 1. Renewables in Spain MW Maximum Electricity Demand 2011: 24 Jan (19h-20h) Total Installed Capacity> 100 GW, Total Electricity Generation> 300TWh Renewable Energy Mix > 31% (Annual Average) Instantaneous Wind Power Penetration > 59% (7 Feb 2013) Typical Energy Mix Renewable Energy Share Evolution Source: REE.

9 Envisaged Cross-Over, Renewables Cost Competitiveness is in the Horizon 1. Renewables in Spain Source: IDAE

10 Renewable Energy Plan (PER) Outlook for the Electric Sector 1. Renewables in Spain MW GWh MW GWh Hidroeléctrica (sin bombeo) < 1 MW (sin bombeo) MW -10MW (sin bombeo) > 10 MW (sin bombeo) por bombeo Geotérmica Solar fotovoltaica Solar termoeléctrica Energía hidrocinética, del oleaje, mareomotriz Eólica en tierra Eólica marina Biomasa, RSU,, Biogás Biomasa Sólida RSU Biogás TOTALES (sin bombeo) Source: IDAE/MITYC.

11 Economic Crisis & Changing Regulations Renewables in the Doldrums 1. Renewables in Spain Factors affecting the current Paralysis in Renewable Generation Growth 1.- Lack of Finance for Capital intensive Power Plants 2.- Reduced Demand and overabundant Capacity 3.- Retroactive PV Incentives - RD14/2010 In Arbitration 4.- Moratorium on Renewable Incentives - RD1/ New 6% Generation TAX (2013) 6.- Retroactive Pricing Conditions Imposed new Tariffs (2013) 7.- Blocked Net Energy Balance Regulation PV 8.- Finance of outstanding Electricity System Deficit Priority of Access to the Grid still could be a significant advantage of Renewables to compete in the Market Pool.

12 2. Driving European Framework

13 Directives 2. Driving European Framework Clear Objectives 2009/28/EC Directive suporting Renewable Energy Development. (Conceives renewables as integral part of the energy mix for electricity generation, transport, heating and refrigeration) Integration of renewables in building and city planning is also a priority. Compulsory Objectives: 20% of the total energy consumption and 10% in transport should come from renewables by National Renewable Energy Plans should be aligned with the objectives Strict Follow-up defined ( min% required )

14 SET PLAN Renewable Energy Technology Development Roadmap 2. Driving European Framework Renewable Energy Technology Development Support Decisive move towards a fundamental change of the Energy Model of the EU. Renewable Energy Budget in the SET PLAN > M plus additional M for Smart Cities. Opens opportunities for R&D, investment, job creation and regional development. TABLA: Cost estimates of the proposed SET-Plan EIIs and the Smart Cities Iniciative European industrial Initiatives Total (b ) Wind Energy 6 Solar Energy (PV & CSP) 16 Bioenergy 9 Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Electricity grid 2 Sustainable Nuclear Energy 5-10 Smart Cities TOTAL

15 SET PLAN Technical Development Priorities 2. Driving European Framework

16 Aligned Strategic Lines of Research 2. Driving European Framework Design and Optimizing of Components. Blades (structure and aerodynamics). Drive Train (modeling and simulation). New Control Strategies. Development of advanced CFD codes and models for offshore and complex terrain. Development and optimization of Thermochemical applications on Biomass: Solid Bioenergy Carriers by means of Torrefaction Gasification and Gas cleaning processes Development of Lignocellulosic Pretreatment process for bioalcohols production Development and optimization of extraction and valorization processes for Microalgae Design, modeling and characterization of systems and components Novel tower systems concepts Development of new testing methods for components certification Laboratory testing of small to mid-size components and "on the field" testing Development of methodology for testing Concentration Photovoltaics (CPV) Materials and components reliability and CPV plants simulation Development of elements for Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) Innovation on wafer based crystalline silicon PV cells and organic cells (OPV). Energy Efficiency in Buildings Thermal energy storage Renewable energy integration in the build environment Lighting efficiency strategies Microgrids and smart grids development Electric protection and Control systems. Design, characterization and model develpment of energy storage systems.

17 Coherent Electrical Capacity Building Evolution - Europe Driving European Framework

18 Fast Catching Up Rest of the World Driving European Framework Source: REN 21. Renewables status report 2012

19 3. Developments & Technical Challenges

20 Wind Energy 3.1 Developments and Technical Challenges

21 World Wind Energy 3. 1 Developments and Technical Challenges Source: REN status report

22 Spain Wind Energy 3. Developments and Technical Challenges MW ,676 MW RES Plan de Energías Renovables Plan : MW MW 2002 Infrastructures Plan de Infraestructuras Plan 2002: MW MW 1999 RES Promotion Plan de Fomento de las ERs Plan 1999: MW 8974 MW Fuente: IDAE, CNE y AEE Source: IDAE, CNE and AEE Year 2010: 20,676 MW 2Q 2011: 21,150 MW (482 MW)

23 Spain Wind Energy - Rich Ecosystem of Developers and WT Manufacturers 3.1 Developments and Technical Challenges Source: AEE Source AEE

24 Research for Competitive Development 3.1 Developments and Technical Challenges Evaluation And Forecasting Of Wind Resources CFD Tools for advanced wake effects and complex terrain simulations. Multilayer GIS integrated windmaps Remote telemetry systems: SODAR, LIDAR, Intelligent Sequencial Image Processing High Resolution Meteorological Models to account for local effects Sistematic Error Elimination with Statistical Methods Model combinations and Aggregate Performances

25 Research for Competitive Manufacturing 3.1 Developments and Technical Challenges Wind Turbine Technology Develoments High performance Specific Aerodynamic Airfoils for WT Blades. Intelligent Blades (stress, damage, icing). Integrated design tools for offshore Wind Turbines. Deep Water Floating Concepts. Applications for side concepts: 2 blades, vertical WT, downwind. Control Strategies for maximising production and minimising loads New Materials and Automatic Manufacturing Processes.

26 Integral Prototype Development for Low Cost of Energy and High Reliability 3. Developments and Technical Challenges Testing and Validation Validation of new sensors and of software simulations. Development of efficient cross related methodologies for testing of Systems, Subsystems and Components Integrated laboratory facilities. Compressed and Highly Accelerated Life Testing Contribution to Standards and Inspection procedures Development.

27 Photovoltaic Solar Energy 3.2 Current Developments and Technical Challenges

28 Solar Technologies The Merit of Order Effect 3.2 Developments and Technical Challenges A recent study of Germany s Institute for Future Energy Systems (IZES), has found that, on average, solar power has reduced the price of electricity 10% in Germany (on the EPEX exchange. I thas reduced prices up to 40% in the early afternoon, when electricity demand is peaking and electricity typically costs the most. Customers should not pay more!!! This effect is complemented by wind that blows at both sides of the sun distribution. Similar studies and results have been also verified in Spain making more relative the high costs of PV subsidies.

29 Solar Photovoltaic. Accumulated Capacity in Europe 3.2 Developments and Technical Challenges World MW Source: Global market report EPIA

30 Solar Photovoltaic - Competitive Global Scenario 3.2 Developments and Technical Challenges Low Silicon Usage Thin film, Concentration Cells. Silicon Alternatives Organic Cells Manufacturing Process improvements for Higher Efficiency and Lower Costs of Cristaline Silicon The global PV market will grow more sustainably, driven by the competitiveness of PV solutions rather than mainly by financial support schemes. Grid Parity and Net Balance - OPPORTUNITY

31 Solar Thermal 3.3 Developments and Technical Challenges

32 Solar Thermal Plants in Spain 3.3 Developments and Technical Challenges Construction Targets Matching of the Electricity Demand Curve

33 Solar Thermal - Linear and 3D Concentrators 3.3 Developments and Technical Challenges Parabolic Trough Fresnel Parabolic Dishes Tower Receptors

34 Solar Thermal Matching of the Demand Curve 3.3 Developments and Technical Challenges Key Research Technical Alignment in Spain Scientific facilities PSA, CIEMAT, Technology Centers CENER, CTAER, TEKNIKER Universities Seville, Carlos III, Almeria

35 Biomass 3.4 Developments and Technical Challenges

36 Biomass & 2nd Generation Biofuels Objectives 3.4 Developments and Technical Challenges Increased Variety of Raw Materials Lignocelulosic Residues. Target CO2 Balance up to 80 90% (Ultra Low Emissións Plants) Exploration of improved Thermal and Biochemical Paths (Torrefaction Pretreatment, Supercritical Gasification, BioCathalysis) Hybridation with other renewables through electrolitic Hydrogen Integration of Biorefinery processes that may allow the creation of other chemical products of high added value, specially for Transport applications.

37 Renewable Energy Grid in Integration 3.5 Developments and Technical Challenges

38 MICROGRIDS Optimised Electrical Systems 3.5 Developments and Technical Challenges Displament of Conventional Generation by Renewables requires dynamically balanced Systems Payments for Standby Thermal Capacity and Load Regulation become necessary, but Smart Meters and Microgrid Integration might represent a better and more competitive alternative solution. Microgrids are basically self-contained electrical systems. Power is produced, transmitted, consumed, monitored, and managed at a local scale. They can be coupled to the main grids, but when necessary they can operate independently, disconnected from the whole thanks to their storage or conventional backup generation.

39 MICROGRIDS Electrical Storage Experimental Platforms 3.5 Developments and Technical Challenges

40 MICROGRIDS Flexible architectures for seamless Integration of Energy Technologies 3.5 Developments and Technical Challenges

41 Javier San Miguel Armendáriz Strategy & Business Development Manager Tel: