Sustainable Development Planning and Strategy Formulation: An Integrated Systems Approach

Transcription

1 Sustainable Development Planning and Strategy Formulation: An Integrated Systems Approach Jeffrey Crawford Sustainable Development Officer United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN-DESA) Division for Sustainable Development, Policy and Analysis Branch Sustainable Development Planning and Implementation Workshop 28 May 2015, New York, U.S.A. Image Source:

2 Interdependencies and Interconnectedness of SDGs Notes: The numbers on the links indicate the percentage of targets linking the two goals (number of links between two goals divided by the sum of targets under the two goals). SDG17 on means of implementation (which links to all other goals) was excluded from the analysis. The Kamada-Kawai projection minimizes the energy of the network (imagine a network of physical springs) and hence places the most central nodes in the middle. Source: Chapter 2 of the United Nations Global Sustainable Development Report 2015 (forthcoming), adapted from Review of Targets for the Sustainable Development Goals The Science Perspective, 2015 ICSU/ISSC.

3 Source: World Economic Forum, Global Risks 2015, 10 th Edition Global Systems and Risks

4 Sub-systems (biomes) Sub-systems Sub-systems Defining an Integrated Systems Approach Transport System & Sanitation System Rail Waste Distribution Network Road Air Filtration Desalination Energy System Natural System Hydro Gas Freshwater Marine Solar Nuclear Forest Grassland System of Systems

5 Linkages, Dependencies and Feedback Loops Coal Mining Mining System and Ministry Renewable Energy Production (low-water) Coal Energy Production GHG Emissions Climate Change Education System and Ministry Education Energy Demand Energy Efficiency Supply Efficiency Population Growth Energy System and Ministry Demand System and Ministry

6 Selected Tools for Planning CLEW Climate, Land-use, Energy, Uses national accounts data isdg & T21 Inter-sectoral System dynamics Tailored for SDGs (isdg) SoS MHRA All sector infrastructure prioritization Risk-based approach

7 CLEW Model (Climate, Land-use, Energy and ) Source: M. Howells, et al., Integrated analysis of climate change, land-use, energy and water strategies, Nature Climate Change 3, (2013) (

8 isdg & T21 Models System-dynamics based comprehensive development planning model Models cross-sectoral linkages and dependencies Utilized by government departments of planning (Kenya, Jamaica, Senegal, Mongolia) Intervention Impact Logic Indicator Dashboard Select Area of Intervention Source: Millennium Institute,

9 Systems of Systems (SoS) Approach: Critical Infrastructure Failure Prevention Emergency response services Communications & Sanitation Transportation Energy Population First Responders: Fire, Police, Paramedics + schools, hospitals Switching networks, Servers, Control Management Systems, lines, Waste Treatment, Drainage Systems Road systems, Rail systems, Tunnels, Runways Principal power locations: generation stations, hazardous material storage Population Density Rapid and slow onset / man made & natural Hazard Source: Jeffrey Crawford, UNOPS Risk-Sensitive Planning for Resilient Infrastructure Development, Presentation at UNISDR 5 th Africa Regional Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction held in Abuja, Nigeria, 14 May 2014

10 SoS - Interdependencies and Interconnections of Critical Infrastructure Sectors Source: Jeffrey Crawford, UNOPS, Climate-resilient Infrastructure, Presentation at Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Forum (19 March 2013, Incheon, Republic of Korea).

11 Source: Source: Jeffrey Crawford, UNOPS, Climate-resilient Infrastructure, Presentation at Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Forum (19 March 2013, Incheon, Republic of Korea). Adapted from Climate Change, and Infrastructure, Urban Systems and Vulnerabilities: Technical Report to the U.S. Department of Energy. (2012) Interdependencies between infrastructures & resulting disruption on other infrastructures Infrastructure Disrupted Interdependencies between infrastructures, and cascading effect of disruption upon other infrastructures Electric Power Natural Gas Petroleum Communications Distribution Transportation Public Health & Sanitation Infrastructure Impacted Electric Power N/A Natural Gas N/A Petroleum N/A Communication N/A Distribution Transportation N/A N/A Public Health & Sanitation N/A Weak Medium Strong

12 Integrated Governance Systems National & Local Sustainable Development Councils Ministerial Clustering National Infrastructure Coordinating Center High-level Inter-Ministerial Institutions Source: Science-Policy Interface Institutions Energy Agriculture Parliament Executive Devolution and Planning Modeling Team (12- person team) Environment, & NR Modeling Officer Transport and Infrastructure Modeling Officer Ministerial Cluster Environment

13 Towards Integrated Information Systems System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Key Principles for the Data Revolution National Accounts for water, energy, land, ecosystems, agriculture, fisheries and forests Measures stocks and flows Valuation of natural capital (e.g. ecosystem services) Many countries have SEEA programmes, such as Australia, Canada, China, Colombia, Netherlands, Norway, Philippines, South Africa, Sweden, and Uganda Disaggregation Timeliness Transparency & Openness Quality & Integrity Protection & Privacy Usability & Curation Independence Rights Governance Resources & Capacity Key principles for data revolution derived from Independent Expert Advisory Group Secretariat 2014, A World That Counts: Mobilising The Data Revolution For Sustainable Development.

14 From Silo-based to Integrated Systems Approach Silo-based Approach Integrated Systems Approach NDGs Governance Sector-based Planning NSDGs Integrated Governance Integrated Systems Planning Policy Info Data Indicators Energy Policy Info Data Health Policy Info Data Other Info Integrated & Aggregate Indicators (e.g. NSDG indicators) National Accounts SNA & SEEA Data (Economic, Social, Environment)