Getting started Ghana Country Report

Transcription

1 THIRD EXPERT MEETING Sustainable Public Procurement New York, USA, June 2005 Getting started Ghana Country Report By Philip Acquah, Director, Environmental Protection Agency Ghana

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3 Potential SPP Policy Drivers Ratified Multi Lateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) Adoption of Agenda 21 as the blue print of Sustainable development (Our Common Future) The Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent (PIC) Procedure of certain Pesticides and Chemicals in International Trade (1998); The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal (1989)

4 Potential SPP Policy Drivers Ratified Multi Lateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) FAO International Code of Conduct for the Distribution and Use of Pesticides (as amended in 2003) ILO Convention on the Safety of Chemicals at the Workplace (1990) UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC

5 National Environment Policy on Development Planning Guide development in accordance with quality requirements to prevent, reduce, and as far as possible, eliminate pollution and nuisances; Integrate environmental considerations in sectoral structural and socio-economic planning at the national, regional, district and grass roots levels;

6 NEP Statement on Chemicals The government of Ghana is expected to take appropriate measures, irrespective of the existing levels of environmental pollution and extent of degradation, to control pollution and the importation and use of potentially toxic chemicals. Ensure sound management of natural resources and the environment; adequately protect humans, animals and plants, their biological communities and habitats against harmful impacts and destructive practices, and preserve biological diversity;

7 Ratification of MEAs The UN Convention on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (Vienna Convention) (1985) Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (1987) London Amendment of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (1990) UN Chemicals Weapons Convention (1993) The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Kyoto Protocol to the Framework Convention on Climate Change

8 Institutional arrangements Statutory Roles Relevant to POPs Agency/Organisation/Institution Policy Monitoring or Research Regulatory and /or Enforcement Ministry of Environment and Science Environmental Protection Agency Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Department of Town and Country Planning Ministry of Mines Mines Department Minerals Commission Ministry of Finance Customs, Excise and Preventive Service Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport Ministry of Health/Ghana Health Service Food and Drugs Board Ministry of Food and Agriculture Veterinary Services Department of MoFA Plant Protection and Regulatory Services Directorate (MoFA) Ministry of Trade, Industry and Presidential Special Initiatives Ghana Standards Board Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Ministry of Energy Energy Commission Ghana National Petroleum Company Ministry of Roads and Transport Ministry of Ports, Habours and Railways Ghana Ports and Habours Authority Regional Maritime Academy Ministry of Works and Housing (Hydro Department) Water Resources Commission Ministry of Employment and Manpower Development (Factories Inspectorate Department) Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development Ministry of Justice and Attorney General Ministry of Women and Children s Affairs Attorney-Generals Department Judiciary Ministry of Interior Ghana Police Service Ministry of Defence Ghana Armed Forces Irrigation Development Authority of Ghana Ghana Association of Farmers and Fishermen Cocoa Services Division of Ghana COCOBOD Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana Pharmacy Council Association of Ghana Industries Electricity Company of Ghana Ghana Water Company Limited Volta River Authority Universities (UG, KNUST, UCC, UDS) Service Provider

9 Hazardous Pollutants Legislation The Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1994 (Act 490). seeks among other things to control the volumes, types, constituents and effects of waste discharges, emissions, deposits or other sources of pollutants and/or substances which are hazardous or potentially dangerous to the quality of life, human health and the environment through the issuance of environmental permits and pollution abatement notices.

10 Pesticides Legislation The Pesticides Control and Management Act, 1996 (Act 528) among others: provides rules for registration, manufacturing, use, disposal and non-disclosure of information, classification, licensing, reporting, labelling and inspections of pesticides.

11 12 Banned/Prohibited POPs under Stockholm Convention in Ghana Name of Current status/control Details e.g. reason for control action, remaining allowed Chemical action uses, etc. Aldrin Banned since 1985 Chemical is persistent. Safer alternatives preferred. Chlordane Banned since 1985 Chemical is persistent. Safer alternatives preferred. Dieldrin Banned since 1985 Chemical is persistent. Safer alternatives preferred. DDT Banned since 1985 Chemical is persistent. Other cheaper and safer alternatives such as synthetic pyrethroids for insect control for public health and agriculture are preferred Heptaclor Banned since 1985 Chemical is persistent. Safer alternatives preferred. Hexachlorobenzene Banned since 1985 Chemical is persistent. Safer alternatives preferred. Mirex Banned since 1985 Chemical is persistent. Safer alternatives preferred. Dioxins & Furans (PCDDs/PCDFs) There is limited information on release into the environment - Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Importation is prohibited. Still present in old transformers and capacitors - Toxaphene Banned since 1985 Chemical is persistent. Safer alternatives preferred.

12 Food and Drugs Legislation The Food and Drugs Law, 1992 (PNDCL 305B), inter alia, is aimed at controlling the manufacture, import, export, distribution, sale, use and advertisement of foods, drugs, cosmetics, household chemicals and medical devices that may have a negative impact on health and environment

13 Occupational Health and Safety legislation The Law seeks to ensure that measures are instituted and enforced to attain optimum health for workers in all occupations in Ghana.

14 Sustainable Public Procurement driven by socio-economic considerations GREEN POWER 1. Fuel Switching West African Gas Pipeline to replace Light Crude Oil thermal power plants in Ghana, with NG-fired combined cycle plants, which leads to: Increase in thermal efficiency from about 30-35% 35% to 60-70% Lowering of the unit cost of the energy-mix (hydro and thermal) and improves affordability Substitution of high-carbon intensity LCO with low Carbon fuel (NG). Thus reduces carbon dioxide emissions and contribute climate impact mitigation Further reduces emissions of greenhouse gases (Methane, carbon dioxide, NOx) from flaring activities in the Nigerian gas fields

15 Sustainable Public Procurement Programmes driven by socio-economic considerations Green Power (contd.) 2. Implementation of commercial energy efficiency project in 18 government buildings for replication in other sectors of the economy under the UNFCCC AIJ programme 3. Solar PV power demonstration in the Ministry of Energy for the promotion of green power by the Government for off-grid electrification.

16 Sustainable Public Procurement Programmes driven by socio-economic considerations Green Power (contd) 3. Support for the development of low NOx biodiesel production as fuel switching strategy to reduce emissions of greenhouse gasses as CDM project under Kyoto Protocol Promotion of endogenous technologies for biogas generation and technology transfer for biogas capture and use from biological waste streams in public hospitals, schools and abattoirs to address sanitation problems

17 Sustainable Public Procurement Programs driven by socio-economic considerations Investment in leaded fuel phase-out Installation of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) plant for the production of unleaded petrol/gas to meet Ghana s s commitment to organo-metallic lead phase out programme, which improves urban air quality and mitigates health related impacts of vehicular emissions.

18 Sustainable Procurement Policy and Legislation -Emerging Approaches (1) The enactment of the Public Procurement Act, 2003 (ACt663) to control procurement of goods, works, and technical services Establishment of the National Public Procurement Board by an Act of Parliament Adoption of a national policy framework for sustainable consumption and production at a national roundtable on SCP, Feb 2005

19 Sustainable Procurement Policy and Legislation -Emerging Approaches (2) Development of a pilot project (UNEP/EPA/NDPC-2005) on SCP, which will also address sustainable public procurement Integration of the SCP project output into the Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS) in 2006 Development of Regulations to the Public Procurement Act in progress

20 Sustainable Procurement Policy and Legislation -Emerging Approaches (2) NGO s s advocacy role in green purchasing policy development in Ghana Organisation of national Green Purchasing Awareness conference by the Centre for Logistics and Supply-Chain Excellence in collaboration with the Ministry of Environment and Science in August 2005 Influence the development and integration of sustainable procurement policy and guidelines in the Regulations being prepared with the Conference proceeding

21 SPP Policy Development and Implementation-The way forward Development and Integration of sustainable public procurement policy and guidelines in the Regulations to the Public Procurement Act under preparation Effective public information and awareness of the potential benefits of SPP in breaking poverty circles as a barrier removal strategy in the adoption of SPP under the GPRS

22 SPP Policy Development and Implementation-The way forward Packaging information on SPP for adoption in the implementation of Ghana s s obligation under various MEAs that have sustainable bilateral and multi-lateral lateral financial mechanisms. Incorporating sustainable public procurement in Ghana s s environmental performance rating and disclosure methodology to drive private sector participation in greening supply chains