Present status of the Swedish nuclear waste management programme

Transcription

1 Present status of the Swedish nuclear waste management programme Peter Wikberg, SKB

2 The Swedish system for nuclear waste disposal The Canister Laboratory Nuclear Power Plant (1972) Spent nuclear fuel CLAB (1985) Central Interim Storage m/s Sigyn (1982) Operational waste Encapsulation Plant Medical care, industry and research SFR (1988) Final Repository Operational Waste Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory Deep Repository for Spent Nuclear Fuel

3 Spent Fuel Repository (Swedish Concept KBS 3)

4 Geological repository for spent nuclear fuel Components of the license application Site investigations Site modelling Repository engineering site adapted layout Supporting infrastructure Safety report Assessment of long term safety Assessment of operational safety Programme for construction and detailed characterization Environmental impact assessment Description of waste management system and operational procedures Quality management and control

5 Licensing process Site selection Review Construction Encaps Application according to Nuclear Act Encap+Rep SR-Can SYS-Inka Canisterreport Encap Supplement to appl acc to Nuclear Act Repository Application according to Nuclear Act Encap+Rep Application according to Environmental Code Permissible acc to EC License acc to NA Permit with conditions

6 Long Term Schedule Program start Application Permit to construct Permit test operation Permit regular operation License review Installations Test operation Site investigations & application Construction Excavation of deposition areas

7 The role of P&T in the Swedish nuclear waste management programme

8 Could transmutation affect the nuclear waste programme of Sweden? Perhaps if the development of P&T is successful within the next years and scale P&T facilities are in operation soon afterwards, and if there has been if full a change in the Swedish legislation, accepting new types of reactors and reprocessing, and if there are investors willing to finance the construction of P&T facilities and new reactors in Sweden, THEN or if these services are offered by foreign companies.

9 How would transmutation affect the nuclear waste programme of Sweden? Encapsulation and deposition of spent fuel would end, instead there will be partitioning (P) and some of the product elements introduced to (fast) reactors for transmutation (T) and power production Deposited canisters with their content of spent fuel might become recovered from the repository The spent fuel repository in Forsmark would be transformed into a repository for the high level waste from P&T Safety assessment would have to deal with similar issues as for the spent fuel repository

10 Risk curves from SR-Can

11 Final repository for spent nuclear fuel at Forsmark

12 The future in Forsmark At the same time as the repository for SNF is constructed, there will be an extension made to the repository SFR for low and intermediate level waste at the same place (off shore in the previous picture). Site investigations, modelling and safety assessment for the extended SFR is made in very much the same manner as for the SNF repository. Other safety assessment studies, made for different reasons, are following within the next few years

13 The future in Oskarshamn The encapsulation facility will be constructed wall-to-wall with the interim storage facility (Clab) The canister manufacturing will take place in Oskarshamn The Äspö laboratory will continue to be the research and demonstration facility of SKB

14 Benefits of the P&T research financed by SKB Mainly, it has bridged the generation gap in reactor technology science and, thereby, put Sweden in a good position for possible future expansion of the nuclear power production Methods for partitioning of minor actinides have been developed CHNO chemicals, burnable without ashes, have been developed for partitioning Nitride-fuel is being developed for use in fast reactors and accelerator driven systems, ADS