Oxfam Water Week. Teachers guide to Learn resources. Oxfam Education Age range: 7-14 years.

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1 Teachers guide to Learn resources In these Learn activities, pupils have the opportunity to understand the meaning of water vulnerability, its causes and symptoms. Pupils can watch videos and slideshows, complete a thinking skills worksheet and add causes and symptoms to a water vulnerability tree. Pupils will add solutions to their water vulnerability trees in the Think activities. Age range: 7-14 years Time: mins Learn film clips: mins. Water vulnerability tree part 1: mins. Learning Objectives Understand some of the main causes of water vulnerability. Name some of the symptoms of water vulnerability. Make links between symptoms and causes. Learn about water vulnerability issues through case studies in several countries. Key questions What does water vulnerability mean? What are some of the symptoms of water vulnerability? What are some of the causes? How are they connected? Resources (note that photocopiable sheets are at the end of this pdf) Learn slideshows 1 and 2* Learn film clips x 5: o Infrastructure and water vulnerability: Niger. o Drought and water vulnerability: Uganda. o Flooding and water vulnerability: Pakistan. o Infrastructure and water vulnerability: Tajikistan. o Conflict and water vulnerability: Sudan/Chad. Learn film clips worksheet one per pupil. Examples of causes and symptoms worksheet (for selected pupils). Water vulnerability tree template enlarged to A3 one per pair of pupils. Learn country information for teachers. *Note that new information will appear on most slides when you click. The blue circle on the bottom left-hand corner indicates the slide is complete. Activity 1: Learn film clips (30-40 mins) Show pupils Learn slideshow 1 This introduces pupils to the idea of being water-vulnerable. Allow time for discussion and for pupils to ask questions.

2 Learn film clips and worksheet Note: you might like to refer to the Learn country information for this activity. 1. Give each pupil a copy of the Learn film clips worksheet and ask them to watch the Learn film clips. These clips cover four issues which make people water-vulnerable: water infrastructure (two clips), drought, flooding and conflict. 2. As pupils witness the different symptoms of water vulnerability in the Learn film clips, ask them to identify the causes of these symptoms. They should tick the box that links these together. 3. Pupils can tick more than one cause. For example, not having enough water to drink may be linked with being displaced due to conflict as is the case in the Sudan/Chad clips and also with not having enough water infrastructure, such as in Tajikistan. 4. This sheet can be used during the film clips, pausing at relevant points, or after pupils have watched the clips. 5. Discuss pupils choices. You might like to refer to the glossary or to the photo-stories on the supplementary resources page. Activity 2: Water vulnerability tree part 1 (30-40 mins) Show pupils Learn slideshow 2 This helps pupils identify causes and symptoms of water vulnerability. Allow time for discussion and for pupils to ask questions. Note: you might like to refer to the Learn country information for this activity. 1. Give pairs of pupils A3 copies of the Water vulnerability tree. Explain that the issue they will be thinking about is water vulnerability, and ask them to write this on the trunk. 2. Explain that the branches represent the symptoms of water vulnerability, such as having to travel a long way to collect water. Ask pupils to fill in as many different symptoms as they can. 3. Explain that the roots of the tree represent the causes of water vulnerability. Ask pupils to fill these in, for example by writing Drought or Climate Change. 4. Ask pupils to add other causes and symptoms of water vulnerability if they can and then rotate pupils around the classroom to view others work. Use pupils observations as the basis of discussion about the links between causes and symptoms. You might like to refer to the country information or photo-stories on the supplementary resources page. 5. You can also explain to pupils that they will be finding out about solutions to add to their water vulnerability trees during the Think activities.

3 Differentiation Make it easier: give pupils the Examples of Causes and Symptoms sheet to help them fill in their Water vulnerability tree (see below). Make it harder: play the Ripples game from the supplementary resources. Fast finishers: complete the comprehension activities in the supplementary resources. Next steps Start the Think slideshow and activities or use some of the supplementary resources.

4 Symptoms of water vulnerability Being displaced due to conflict Being poor Low security Little rain No pipes/wells (infrastructure) Government lacking money Flooding Climate change Untreated Water Little sanitation (toilets and sewers) Women Men Children Oxfam Water Week Learn film clips worksheet As you watch, put a to link the symptoms (i.e. problems) to the causes, and show who is being affected Causes of water vulnerability Anything else? (write below) Who is most affected? Not enough water to drink Walking far for water Waterborne diseases Not being able to wash well (risk of disease) No water to cook Not enough water for crops Feeling helpless Missing school

5 Water vulnerability tree template

6 Examples of causes and symptoms Causes 1. Natural disasters (people lose their homes and water supplies because of natural disasters like earthquakes and tsunamis often it is poorer people who lose these first). 2. Conflict (water infrastructure can be destroyed during fighting and/or people may have to leave their homes in a hurry to find a safer place live). 3. Climate Change (which can result in drought and/or floods). 4. Poverty (governments may not be able to pay to build or maintain water infrastructure). 5. Gender inequality (in many countries women and girls are usually the ones who have to fetch water). Symptoms 1. People may only have access to clean water in displacement camps, where they may have to queue for it. 2. People may be forced to find safety in displacement camps, where they may have to queue for water. 3. Homes and water supplies may be lost. Harvests can fail, resulting in less food for people, especially for poorer farmers. 4. People have to walk to fetch water, which may be dirty and which may take a long time. People may not have access to sufficient water to grow the food they need. 5. Some girls spend so long fetching water that the do not have time to go to school.

7 Glossary for Learn film clips This glossary contains a list of words and phrases that are used during the Learn film clips. Definitions apply to the context in which the words are used in the film clips. Water vulnerability: being at risk or in danger because of something to do with water. Infrastructure and Water Vulnerability learn clip: Niger Water infrastructure: pipes and wells built by the government to provide water. Untreated water: water that has not been cleaned. Waterborne disease: a disease that is passed on through water (for example diarrhoea or cholera). Drought and Water Vulnerability learn clip: Uganda Drought: severe lack of rainfall over a long period of time. Untreated water: water that has not been cleaned. Unpredictable: unexpected, happening without warning. Crops: plants that are grown for food. Cash crop: crops that are grown to be sold for money. Yield: amount of something. Famine: severe lack of food, leading to starvation. Flooding and Water Vulnerability learn clip: Pakistan Flood: a large, dangerous amount of water that has spread onto dry land. Displaced people: people who have been forced to leave their homes. Sanitation: getting rid of dirty water and toilet waste. Contaminated water: dirty water. Climate change: changes in the Earth s temperature and weather patterns over a long period of time. Infrastructure and Water Vulnerability learn clip: Tajikistan Water infrastructure: pipes and wells built by the government to provide water. Untreated water: water that has not been cleaned. Reservoir: a man-made lake used to store water. Waterborne disease: a disease that is passed on through water (for example diarrhoea or cholera). Chlorination: adding chlorine (a chemical) to water to clean it. Sediment: solid material that settles at the bottom of water. Conflict and Water Vulnerability learn clip: Sudan/Chad Conflict: a disagreement between people, which can lead to fighting and war. Displaced people: people who have been forced to leave their homes. Water vulnerability: at risk of not having enough water. Ration: a fixed amount of water, which is used to stop it running out. Security: protection from danger. Humanitarian: saving human lives.