Drought Policies and Plans in China

Transcription

1 Drought Policies and Plans in China Zuqiang Zhang National Climate Center, CMA The WMO Expert Meeting on the National Drought Policy Washington DC, Jul 14-15, 2011

2 Background

3 Major weather disasters in China ( in Percentage) Others TCs and Hail Flooding Drought

4 Drought Frequency 全国干旱频率分布图 (%) 年 <= >60

5 Structure of Drought Policies in China

6 Water Law (2002) Meteorology Law (2004) Regulation on Drought Control (2009) Regulation on the Defense against Meteorological Disasters (2010) Regulation on the Administration of Weather Modification (2002) National Flood and Drought Plan (2006) National Contingency Plan for Meteorological Disasters (2010) 中国气象局 Documents of the Central or local governments on Drought preparedness and reduction

7 Basic Principals for Plan on Disaster Mitigation and relief Strategy for Natural Disaster Mitigation and Preparedness Government Leading Role Sectors Interreaction Public Community Efficient mobilization

8 Mechanism for DPM Government Leadership DPM Management Sectors Inter-reaction Community Mobilization Organizing and coordinating disaster preparedness and mitigation Providing fund support for infrastructure and disaster relief Developed the mechanism and platform that ensures intersectors emergency response and interaction based on meteorological disaster warning signals is efficient and valid. Emphasizing the involving of community, NGOs and volunteer Improving training for the community, NGOs and volunteer

9 Monitoring& Outlook Warning Issuance Preparedness National Drought Plan Emergency management Response Recovery 中国气象局 Rescure & Relief

10 Flow Chart for Drought Monitoring, Outlook and Impact Assessment CI Soil moisture 未来 3 天降水预报 未来 7 天降水预报 SPI PDSI 未来 10 天降水预报 未来 30 天降水预报 卫星遥感 Drought Daily Monitoring Climate Prediction Drought rank Mild, Moderate, Severe, Extreme 50 0 中国气象局 受旱耕地面积 ( 万公顷 ) Drought Outlook 2 月 15 日 2 月 8 日 Drought Impact Assessment 甘肃山西陕西宁夏青海山东西藏河南江苏安徽四川湖北重庆湖南江西云南贵州广西海南广东省 ( 区 ) Services to Government and Public Community

11 Drought Outlook Briefing and Discussion NCC have Weekly meeting with National Meteorological satellite Center, National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Science Academy and provincial Meteorological Services About drought monitoring, disasters and assessment.

12 Outlook on the Drought in the next week

13 450 2 月 15 日 2 月 8 日 400 受旱耕地面积 ( 万公顷 ) 甘肃山西陕西宁夏青海山东西藏河南江苏安徽四川湖北重庆湖南江西云南贵州广西海南广东省 ( 区 ) Assessment on the impact of drought on the agriculture area based on the climate outlook

14 Monitoring& Outlook Warning Issuance Preparedness National Drought Plan Emergency management Response Recovery 中国气象局 Rescure & Relief

15 Meteorological Drought Warning Ranks Criteria Rank Severe drought Extreme drought Outlook I More than 5 provinces At least 2 provinces Persistence II 3-5 provinces At least 1 province Persistence III 2 provinces Persistence

16 Warning Info Delivery system Multiple means of warning information delivery Township information terminal Weather China website China Xingnong website Telephone Newspapers Mobile phone Early-warning platform for public emergencies Rural meteorological broadcast Electronic screen for meteorological early warning TV weather forecasting Agromet information and communication

17 TV CCTV: more than 50 programs on 10 channels; local TV channels: More than 3,100 weather programs broadcasted every day; China Weather TV channel

18 Website The highest daily click rate reached million times, ranking the third place among meteorological websites worldwide

19 Mobile phone and telephone Nationwide SMS users reach over 90 million; In 2009, more than 40 million pieces of warning information were released to the public; In 2009, monthly average dialing of expert consulting telephone was over 26 million times

20 Specialized Delivery Network for Rural Areas LCD Screens: over 43,000 LCD screens have been built mostly in rural areas. Early warning loud-speakers: 80 thousand loud-speakers are deployed in villages nationwide. Township information terminal

21 Monitoring& Outlook Warning Issuance Preparedness National Drought Plan Emergency Management Response 中国气象局 Rescure & Relief Recovery

22 Emergency Management Response Agriculture Drought Meteorological Drought Hydrological Drought Socioeconomic Drought

23 Multi-Agency Emergency Management Response State Council Office of Emergency Management China Meteorological Administration Ministry of Agriculture & Forestry State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters 中国气象局 Ministry of Hydrology Ministry of Health Ministry of Civil Affairs

24 Tasks and Actions for Agencies CMA Issue monitoring, outlook product with higher frequency Release warning and mitigation guidance Collect drought impacts Conduct weather modification

25 Tasks and Actions for Agencies Agriculture and Forestry Provide technical guidance to farmer for mitigating drought impacts Enhance wild-fire monitoring and make preparedness for firefighting

26 Tasks and Actions for Agencies Ministry of Hydrology Organize and coordinate the drought relief Enhance the collection of hydrological information Dispatch water supply for drought mitigation

27 Tasks and Actions for Agencies Health Make preparedness to deal with the drought-rising food and water security risk Civil Affairs Provide fund and goods for drought relief Collect drought-inducing loss or damage information

28 Monitoring& Outlook Warning Issuance Preparedness National Drought Plan Emergency management Response Recovery 中国气象局 Rescure & Relief

29 Rescure & relief---water supply

30 Rescure & relief relocate fisherman

31 Rescure & relief release fund and food

32 Monitoring& Outlook Warning Issuance Preparedness National Drought Plan Contingency Response Recovery 中国气象局 Rescure & Relief

33 Recovery---replanting

34 Recovery- Insurance compensation Risk Category I Insurance Index 1.6 II III Insurance Index for Rice Planting Based on Met Disasters Risk Integrated Risk Index for Rice Planting in Zhejiang Province

35 Monitoring& Outlook Warning Issuance Preparedness National Drought Plan Emergency management Response Recovery 中国气象局 Rescure & Relief

36 Preparedness---Drought Mapping analysis Societal Drought Economic Drought Agriculture Drought Comprehensive Drought 干旱综合风险区划

37 Preparedness---Engineering Measures

38 Preparedness---Non-Engineering Measures

39 Preparedness---Non-Engineering Measures Nearly 200 Museums and 117 national-level outreach sites have been set up, visited by 8.5 million visitors in total; 500 thousand books have been published; 1.4 million LCD screens and wall posters have been set up; 4000 exhibitions have been organized; 130 thousand person-times attended scientific outreach activities.

40 Summary Monitoring& Outlook Warning Issuance Emergency anagement Response National Drought Plan Preparedness Government Leading Role Recovery Sectors Interreaction Public Community Efficient mobilization Rescure & Relief

41 Thanks for your attention