Ambient Monitoring in Central Texas Quality Assurance Project Plan

Transcription

1 Ambient Monitoring in Central Texas Quality Assurance Project Plan

2 Prepared by Air Quality Solutions, Inc. (512)

3 Section A1 A1.1 Preface This (QAPP) is submitted as part of: a.) Contacts: Rogelio C. Ramon, M.S.E. Project Director Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Mailing Address: Air Quality Solutions, Inc South I-H 35, Suite 107 Austin, TX Page 1 of

4 Section A1 A1.2 Approval Page Monitoring Operations Project Sponsor Monitoring Operations Division (MC 165) Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Division Director Technical Analysis Division Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Contract Manager and Overall Rider Project Coordinator Technical Analysis Division Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Matthew R. Baker, P.E. David Manis Leigh Ann Brunson Date Date Date Project Technical/Quality Support Monitoring Operations Division Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Kenneth Rozacky Date Project Coordinator for Monitoring Operations Related Monitoring Activities Monitoring Operations Division Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Kristin Bourdon Date Page 2 of

5 Section A1 A1.2 Approval Page (Continued) Contract Manager Capital Area Council of Governments Bill Gill Date Page 3 of

6 Section A1 A1.2 Approval Page (Continued) Project Director Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Rogelio C. Ramon, M.S.E. Date Project Engineer Air Quality Solutions, Inc. John L. Shirkey Date If Air Quality Solutions, Inc. subcontracts work, they will distribute copies of this QAPP to their subcontractors and secure written documentation that the contractors are aware of and agree to comply with the QAPP. Page 4 of

7 Section A2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Pages Revision Date PROJECT MANAGEMENT A1 Title and Approval Sheet A1.1 Preface A1.2 Approval Page A2 Table of Contents A2.1 List of Figures A2.2 List of Tables A2.3 List of Appendices A3 Distribution List A4 Project/Task Organization A4.1 Customers A4.2 Project Sponsor A4.3 Project Coordinator A4.4 Field Support A4.5 Quality Assurance and Laboratory Support A4.6 Monitoring Data Management and Validation A4.7 Statistical Support A4.8 Agency Support A5 Problem Definition/Background A5.1 Overview A5.2 Conclusions to be Made A5.3 Uses of Data A5.4 Decision Makers A5.5 Principal Customers for the Results A6 Project/Task Description A6.1 Project Overview A6.2 Sampling Activities A6.3 Standards and Screening Levels A6.3.1 NAAQS A6.4 Assessment Tools A6.4.1 Technical Systems Audits A6.4.2 Performance Evaluations A6.5 Project Reports A7 Data Quality Objectives (DQO) for Measurement Data A7.1 General Project Objectives A7.2 Site Specific Objectives A7.3 Conclusions to be Made A7.4 Uses of Data A7.5 Measurement Quality Objectives Page 1 of

8 Section A2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Pages Revision Date A7.5.1 A7.5.2 A7.5.3 A7.5.4 A7.5.5 A7.5.6 A7.5.7 Detection Limits System Contribution to the Measurement Precision Accuracy Completeness Representativeness Comparability A8 Project Narrative A9 Special Training Requirements/Certification A10 Documentation and Records A10.1 Mechanisms for Documentation of Procedures and Objectives A10.2 Mechanisms for Record Keeping A10.3 Data Reporting Turnaround Time A10.4 Data Storage MEASUREMENT/DATA ACQUISITION B1 Sampling Process Design (Experimental Design) B1.1 Site Design B1.2 Site Design Rationale B1.3 Measurement Validation B2 Sampling Methods Requirements B2.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen B2.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B2.3 Corrective Actions B3 Sample Handling and Custody Requirements B3.1 Sample Handling Procedures B3.1.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen B3.1.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B3.2 Documentation and Custody Requirements B3.2.1 O 3, Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen B3.2.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B4 Analytical Methods Requirements B4.1 Analytical Procedures B4.1.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen B4.1.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B4.2 Corrective Actions Page 2 of

9 Section A2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Pages Revision Date B5 Quality Control (QC) Requirements 3 0 B5.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Oxides of Nitrogen, and Sulfur Dioxide B5.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B6 Instrument/Equipment Testing, Inspection, and Maintenance Requirements B6.1 Instrument Testing/Inspection B6.2 Preventive Maintenance Procedures B6.2.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen B6.2.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B6.3 Corrective Maintenance Procedures B6.3.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen B6.3.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B6.4 Availability of Spare Parts B7 Instrument Calibration and Frequency B7.1 Field Equipment Requiring Calibration B7.1.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen B O 3 Analyzer B SO 2 and Oxides of Nitrogen Analyzers B Calibrator Zero/Span Systems B7.1.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B7.2 TNRCC Central Laboratory Equipment Calibration Requirements B7.2.1 O 3, SO 2, and Oxides of Nitrogen B O 3 B Oxides of Nitrogen B SO 2 B7.2.2 B7.2.3 B7.3 Traceability B7.4 Documentation Meteorological Measurement Systems Technical Support Laboratory Additional Support Standards B8 Inspection/Acceptance Requirements for Supplies and Consumables B9 Data Acquisition Requirements B10 Data Management B10.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen B10.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems B10.3 Acceptability of the Hardware/Software Configuration B10.4 Data to Users Page 3 of

10 Section A2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Pages Revision Date ASSESSMENT/OVERSIGHT C1 Assessments and Response Actions C1.1 Technical Systems Audit C1.1.1 Field Technical Systems Audit C Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen C Meteorological Measurement Systems C1.1.2 Laboratory Technical Systems Audit C1.2 Performance Evaluations C1.2.1 Field Assessment C O 3, Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen C Meteorological Measurement Systems C1.3 Data Quality Assessment C1.3.1 Specific Procedures to Assess Data Quality C Data Precision Assessment C Data Accuracy Assessment C Data Completeness Assessment C1.4 Corrective Actions C2 Reports to Management 1 C2.1 Quality Assurance (QA) Status Report C2.2 Annual Project QA Report C2.3 Data Reports C2.3.1 Reports on Criteria Pollutants (Ozone [O 3 ], Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen) C2.4 Reporting Schedule DATA VALIDATION AND USABILITY D1 Data Review, Validation, and Verification Requirements D1.1 Data Validation D1.1.1 O 3, Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen D1.1.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems D1.2 Data Custody D1.2.1 O 3, Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen D1.2.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems D2 Validation and Verification Methods D2.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen D2.1.1 Quality Control Test Results Performed by the MeteoStar Computer D2.1.2 Laboratory Calibration Verification (LCV) D2.1.3 Data Review Page 4 of

11 Section A2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Pages Revision Date D2.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems D3 Reconciliation with Data Quality Objectives D3.1 Detection Limits D3.2 Precision D3.2.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen D3.2.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems D3.3 Accuracy D3.3.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen D3.3.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems D3.4 Completeness Page 5 of

12 Section A2.1 LIST OF FIGURES Section Title Pages Revision Date A4 Figure A4.A TCEQ Organization Figure A4.B Ambient Monitoring in Central Texas Project Organization Ozone Season Page 6 of

13 Section A2.2 LIST OF TABLES Section Title Pages Revision Date A6 Table A6.2.A Overview of Sampling Matrix A6 Table A6.3.A National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) A7 Table A7.5.7.A Reporting Units of Measurements B2 Table B2.1.A Criteria Pollutants Page 7 of

14 Section A2.3 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix Title Pages Revision Date A Table A7 Ambient Monitoring Data Quality Objectives B MeteoStar/LEADS Processing of CAMS QC Data 9/9/ C Table B5 NAMS/SLAMS Network Quality Control Activities D References Page 8 of

15 Section A3 A3 DISTRIBUTION LIST Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Monitoring Operations Matthew R. Baker, P.E., Director, Monitoring Operations Division David Manis, Director, Technical Analysis Division Scott Mgebroff, Ambient Monitoring Section Manager, Monitoring Operations Division Ann Brunson, Contract Manager and Overall Rider Project Coordinator, Technical Analysis Division Kenneth Rozacky, Baylor Aircraft Based Monitoring Project Manager, Monitoring Operations Division Capital Area Council of Governments Bill Gill, Contract Manager Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Rogelio C. Ramon, M.S.E., Project Director, Air Quality Solutions, Inc. John L. Shirkey, Project Engineer, Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Page 1 of

16 A4 PROJECT/TASK ORGANIZATION Section A4 Monitoring for the Austin Area Near Non-Attainment Study is performed by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and its contractors. Air Quality Solutions, Inc. is adopting this TCEQ (QAPP). The organization of the TCEQ is shown in Figure A4.A. The organization of the Austin Area Near Non-Attainment Study is shown in Figure A4.B. The interrelationships and responsibilities of the participants in these projects are listed below: A4.1 Customers Bill Gill, Contract Manager, Capital Area Council of Governments A4.2 Project Sponsor Matthew R. Baker, P.E., Monitoring Operations Project Sponsor, TCEQ Monitoring Operations Division Sets the preliminary objectives for the project. Allocates adequate resources to ensure completion of the project in compliance with the stated objectives. Determines the ultimate use of the data set developed from the project activities. A4.3 Project Coordinator Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Rogelio C. Ramon, M.S.E., President, Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Coordinates the operations of the project and is the primary contact person. Assists in the selection of new monitoring sites. Provides project planning and prepares comments and project status reports. Provide QMPs for TCEQ review and approval, updated annually. Provide QAPPs for TCEQ review and approval, updated annually. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Page 1 of

17 Section A4 Scott Mgebroff, Project Coordinator for Monitoring Operations Related Monitoring Activities, TCEQ Monitoring Operations Division Coordinates the operations of the project and is the primary contact person. Assists in the selection of new monitoring sites. Provides project planning and prepares comments and project status reports. Provide QMPs for TCEQ review and approval, updated annually. Provide QAPPs for TCEQ review and approval, updated annually. A4.4 Field Support Air Quality Solutions, Inc. John L. Shirkey, Field Activities Leader Assists in the selection of new monitoring sites. Trains all Continuous Air Monitoring Station (CAMS) technicians. Provides support to maintain the monitoring equipment. Provides professional engineering services. Repairs and maintains monitoring equipment. Reviews and certifies that all new equipment meets manufacturing specifications. Assist in locating, evaluating, and documenting sites for monitoring stations. Prepare sites for the monitoring activities. Operate and maintain monitoring sites and sampling equipment. Perform scheduled quality control checks on samplers, sampling equipment, and meteorological equipment. Calibrate field samplers and meteorological equipment. Assist the QA personnel with performance evaluations and technical systems audits. Perform EPA NPAP audits. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Ambient Monitoring Section Approves quality management plans (QMPs) from local programs. Approves QAPPs from local programs. Provides overall direction to section activities. Ambient Monitoring Section, Monitoring Coordination Team Page 2 of

18 Section A4 Provides project coordination (See Section A4.2). Assists in the selection of new monitoring sites. Ambient Monitoring Section, Systems Planning and Implementation Team Provides equipment and supplies for network operations. Develops the operating procedures. Assists in the selection and development of new monitoring sites. Ambient Monitoring Section, Engineering Support and Development Team Develops and maintains automated data collection, process management, and analysis systems in support of air monitoring activities, data reporting, and data analysis. A4.5 Quality Assurance (QA) and Laboratory Support Air Quality Solutions, Inc. John L. Shirkey, Quality Assurance Officer Coordinates the QA activities for the project. Reviews and approves the QAPP for the project. Coordinates participation in Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Performance Audit Program (NPAP). Prepares project specific QA reports. Establishes procedures to routinely assess data precision, accuracy, and completeness. Prepares audit reports. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Compliance Support Section NAMS/SLAMS QA Officer Reviews and approves the QAPP for the project Coordinates participation in Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Performance Audit Program (NPAP). Performs internal technical systems audits of laboratory activities, data validation, use of data, and data management. Conducts end-of-year quality assurance audits of independently operated local programs. Prepares audit reports. Page 3 of

19 Reviews and participates in the approval of QMPs and QAPPs from the local programs. Reviews quarterly QA reports from the local programs. Section A4 TCEQ, Austin Technical Support Team Provides oversight of all QA activities. Coordinates division quality assurance activities with external agency and nonagency groups. Reviews QAPPs. Reviews audit reports. NCAMS/CAMS Auditors Conduct technical systems audits of field operations for TCEQ and local programs. Prepare performance evaluation and technical systems audits of field operations. Provide technical assistance to program managers. Prepare performance evaluation and technical systems audit reports. Review all CAMS audit and standardization reports. Technical Support Laboratory staff Maintain Monitoring Operations Division primary standards for pollutant gas concentration, temperature, pressure, volume, and flow rate. Calibrate gas and flow standards used to calibrate, audit, and maintain air monitoring systems. A4.6 Monitoring Data Management and Validation Air Quality Solutions, Inc. John L. Shirkey, Field Activities Leader Provides overall coordination of data management and analysis activities within AQSI. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Monitoring Data Management and Validation Approves all Air Monitoring QAPPs Provides technical support as needed. Provides overall coordination of data management and analysis activities within Monitoring Operations. Page 4 of

20 Section A4 Monitoring Data Management and Analysis Section, Air Pollution Meteorology Team The above staff performs the following: Validate meteorological data. Provide technical support as needed. Monitoring Data Management and Analysis Section, Data Management Team The above staff performs the following: Maintain NAMS/SLAMS site files on campus and on the EPA AIRS database. Validate NAMS/SLAMS data using AIRS data screens and reports. Provide technical support on data management issues that may arise. Document all data management activities. Make NAMS/SLAMS data available to users. Receive, process, and sends all networks data to the EPA AIRS database. Prepare NAMS/SLAMS data summaries. Upload quarterly NAMS/SLAMS ambient data directly into the EPA AIRS database. Prepare annual SLAMS certification for EPA. A4.7 Statistical Support Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Rogelio C. Ramon, M.S.E., President, AQSI Provide technical support as needed. Provide statistical evaluation of monitoring data. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Office of Environmental Policy Analysis and Assessment, Technical Analysis Division Provide technical support as needed. Provide statistical evaluation of monitoring data. A4.8 Agency Support Office of Environmental Policy Analysis & Assessment, Technical Analysis Division Provides comments/reports for the Ambient Monitoring in Central Texas Project. Provides overall agency coordination of grant commitments for the Austin Area Near Non-Attainment Study. Page 5 of

21 Section A4 Figure A4.A TCEQ Organization Page 6 of

22 Section A4 Ambient Air Monitoring Sites Customers Capital Area Council of Governments Bill Gill TCEQ Project Technical/Quality Support Ken Rozacky TCEQ Project Sponsor Matthew Baker, P.E., Director Monitoring Operations Division TCEQ Contract/ Management Project Coordination Scott Mgebroff Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Quality Assurance Officer John L. Shirkey Project Coordination Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Project Director Rogelio C. Ramon, M.S.E. Air Quality Solutions, Inc. Field Activities Leader Joe Paredes Figure A4.B Ambient Monitoring in Central Texas Project Organization Season Page 7 of

23 Section A5 A5 PROBLEM DEFINITION/BACKGROUND The goal of this project is to perform ambient air sampling and analysis that will assist the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality and other government agencies in developing strategies for reducing ozone levels in the area. The sampling will be performed during the ozone seasons of 2010 and The specific objectives of the ground level ambient sampling program are: to provide data suitable for verifying the emission inventory of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the region; to estimate the extent to which ozone and ozone precursors are transported into the region. A5.1 Overview Air quality in Central Texas is generally good, however, when cloud cover is negligible and winds are light, the concentrations of some pollutants can reach unhealthful levels. The air pollutant that approaches unhealthful levels over the widest area with the greatest frequency is ozone. Ozone (O 3 ) formed in the lower atmosphere is a concern because it can damage the respiratory system. In addition, as a strong oxidant it can damage materials and harm crops. In order to preserve public health and welfare, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sets standards for the maximum allowable concentrations of air pollutants, such as ozone, in ambient air. On March 12, 2008 the EPA lowered the NAAQS for ground-level ozone, from the 1997 standard of 84 parts per billion (ppb), to 75 ppb. Attainment of the ozone NAAQS is based on the 3-year average of the fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentrations measured annually at each regulatory monitor in a given region. This 3-year average is called the design value. If a region s design value is 75 ppb or higher, that region has exceeded the federal standard and is designated nonattainment by the EPA. Page 1 of

24 Section A5 A5.2 Decisions to be Made. This monitoring data from CAMS: 614, 690, 674, 675, and 684 are currently used as a complement to the existing TCEQ/EPA monitoring conducted at the CAMS 3 and 38 stations located around the Austin area to better understand the chemistry and transport of parameters of interest in large air parcels. A5.3 Uses of Data The potential uses of the data are listed below: Complement the body of information gathered from the existing monitoring in the Central Texas area A5.4 Decision Makers The goal of this project is to perform ambient air sampling and analysis that will assist the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality and other government agencies in developing strategies for reducing ozone levels in the area. No decision makers are currently specified. A5.5 Principal Customers for the Results Capital Area Council of Governments (CAPCOG) Texas (State) Government through the TCEQ Page 2 of

25 Section A6 A6 PROJECT/TASK DESCRIPTION This section provides a description of the work to be done, an overall view of the project objectives, activities, assessments, and outputs of the project, identification of applicable ambient air quality regulations and standards, and an implementation schedule for the project. A6.1 Project Overview The project is designed to determine the ambient airborne air concentrations of continuous criteria pollutants to complement the existing monitoring at the various CAMS (3 and 38) located around the Austin area to better understand the chemistry and transport of parameters of interest in large air parcels. The measurements to be made during the project are identified in Table A6.2.A. Measurements are expected to be made in compliance with the current guidance where it exists. This guidance includes but is not limited to 40 CFR Parts 50, 53, and 58 (PART B), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Quality Assurance Handbook (Volumes I, II, and IV). The project will provide an air quality database of continuous criteria pollutant data to complement the existing monitoring at the various CAMS (3 and 38) located around the Austin area to better understand the chemistry and transport of parameters of interest in large air parcels. The data collection period for this project will begin April 2010 and end October Sampling periods for each method are indicated in Table A6.2.A. A report will be issued on the findings of the pollutant measurements at this site as well as their comparison to other air pollution monitors in Central Texas. A6.2 Sampling Activities The general sampling activities of the project are detailed in Table A6.2.A. Table A6.2.A Overview of Sampling Matrix Target Compound/Group Analytical Method Sampling Period Frequency Ozone (O 3 ) Ultra Violet (UV) Photometry 5 min Continuous Oxides of Nitrogen Nitrogen Oxide (NO) Chemiluminescent 5 min Continuous Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ) Chemiluminescent 5 min Continuous Total Oxides of Nitrogen Chemiluminescent 5 min Continuous Sulfur Dioxide Fluorescence 5 min Continuous Meteorology Wind Direction* Single Potentiometer Vane 5 min Continuous Wind Speed* Cup Anemometer 5 min Continuous * Wind direction and wind speed data outputs from the Zeno datalogger include: vector average wind direction, immediate wind direction, standard deviation of wind direction, vector average wind speed, average wind speed, and immediate wind speed. Page 1 of

26 Section A6 A6.3 Standards and Screening Levels A6.3.1 O 3, NO 2, and SO 2 airborne concentrations are regulated by EPA. NAAQS The NAAQS listed in Table A6.3.A are health-based standards promulgated by the EPA. The levels are established such that concentrations below them are not expected to cause adverse health impacts. Data for pollutants that have NAAQS designation are compared to these standards. Pollutant Parameter Table A6.3.A National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) Standard Averaging Time O 3 (2008 Standard) 75 ppb 8-hour maximum*** O 3 (1997 standard) 84 ppb 8 hour** NO 2 53 ppb Annual arithmetic average SO2 140 ppb 30 ppb 24 hours Annual arithmetic average ** Concentration-based standard, specifically the three-year average of the annual fourth highest daily maximum eight-hour O 3 concentration, effective July 18, *** Concentration-based standard, specifically the three-year average of the annual fourth highest daily maximum eight-hour O3 concentration, effective March 12, A6.4 Assessment Tools A6.4.1 Assessment tools that will be used are described in this section. Technical Systems Audits Technical systems audits are conducted annually, and more frequently if deemed necessary, on all monitoring systems by personnel of the Technical Support Team. These audits are described in Section C1.1 of this plan. A6.4.2 Performance Evaluations Performance evaluations are expected to be performed on critical parts of the monitoring systems in order to assess the accuracy of the data as stated in Section C1.2 of this plan. Performance evaluations of the continuous monitors are expected to be performed at least once a year as stated in 40 CFR Part 58. Page 2 of

27 Section A6 A6.5 Project Reports The following reports are produced. See Section C2 for more detailed information. Laboratory Control Check reports Quality Assurance reports on data accuracy, precision, and completeness for the study by the Project Director Report on the findings of the sampling period and regional comparison of pollutant findings, including the validated data from the sample period Page 3 of

28 Ambient Monitoring in Central Texas Section A7 A7 Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) For Measurement Data This section presents the quality objectives for the project. A variation of the formal data quality objectives process as described in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) document Guidance for Planning the Data Quality Objectives (DQO) Process, EPA QA/G-4 has been applied to this project. The results of the DQO process serve to: Clarify the intended use of the data; Define the type of data needed to support the decision(s); Identify the conditions under which the data should be collected; and Specify tolerable limits on the probability of making a decision error due to uncertainty in the data. The quantitative objectives for all measurement data parameters are listed in Table A7 in Appendix A. These objectives reflect the overall (total) measurement error expected for measurements made during this project. This includes media preparation, sampling, analysis, data reduction, validation and reporting, etc. The quality control program has been developed with control of the measurement processes within these objectives in mind. A7.1 General Project Objectives Estimate the contributions of emissions from emission sources and geographic areas. Complement the body of information gathered from ground based monitoring sites in Central Texas to help with sampling design for future monitoring. A7.2 Site Specific Objectives Validate the emission inventory for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Estimate the extent to which ozone and ozone precursors are transported into the area. A7.3 Conclusions to be Made Conclusions to be made are presented in Section A5.2. Page 1 of

29 Ambient Monitoring in Central Texas Section A7 A7.4 Uses of Data The potential uses of the data are provided in Section A5.3. A7.5 Measurement Quality Objectives The approaches used to assess data uncertainty and the measurement quality objectives for each type of measurement are addressed in this section. Table A7 in Appendix A presents the quality objectives for each measurement that will be employed. Section D3 details the methods of computation. A7.5.1 Detection Limits Detection limits are expressed in units of concentration and reflect the smallest concentration of a compound that can be measured with a defined degree of certainty. Criteria pollutants are measured using EPA designated reference or equivalent methods. The detection limits for these methods are specified in 40 CFR Part 53. Because of this, no specific measurements of detection limits are made for the criteria pollutants in this project. A7.5.2 System Contribution to the Measurement For O 3, SO 2, NO, NO 2, and NO x (NO 2 is part of the total oxides of nitrogen [NO x ] measurement), the system contribution to the measurement results is determined by analysis of a blank or "zero air" level as part of each calibration and span check. As part of the calibration, this zero level is used along with the upscale concentrations to establish the calibration curve. As part of the span check, this level is used as a quality control check for monitor zero drift. A7.5.3 Precision Precision is a measure of the repeatability of the results. Estimates of precision are assessed in different ways for different measurement technologies. Refer to Table A7 in Appendix A for the DQOs. Specific activities designed to collect precision data are given in Section C1. Precision for measurements from continuous monitors for O 3, SO 2, and NO 2 will be estimated by analysis of a test atmosphere containing the target compound being monitored in accordance with 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix A. Precision for O 3, SO 2, and NO 2 is estimated from precision checks that are done as part of routine span checks of the monitors. This precision check consists of introducing a known concentration of the pollutant into the monitor in the concentration range required by 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix A. The resulting measured concentration is then compared to the known concentration. These measurements are processed into upper and lower 95 percent probability limits each calendar quarter as described in 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix A. These precision estimates are then compared to the precision goals. Page 2 of

30 Section A7 The precision goals in Table A7 of Appendix A are given in terms of upper and lower 95 percent probability intervals where the center of these intervals is assumed to be 0 percent error. These goals represent the expectation that for repeated measurements of the same atmosphere, there should be a 95 percent probability that any single measurement error, expressed as the percent difference from the mean measurement, should fall within the 95 percent probability interval goal. Precision for the meteorological measurements will not be directly evaluated. Attempts to ground truth the meteorological measurements will be made by comparing the aircraft measurements with those from nearby ground sites. A7.5.4 Accuracy Accuracy is the closeness of a measurement to a reference value, and reflects elements of both bias and precision. Specific activities designed to collect accuracy data are given in Section C1. The assessment of accuracy for the continuous monitors, O 3, SO 2, NO, NO 2, and NO x is accomplished by challenging the analyzer with at least one audit gas of known concentration, according to the requirements in 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix A, Section 3.2. Accuracy for O 3, SO 2, NO, NO 2, and NO x is estimated from independent performance audits. A performance audit consists of introducing known concentrations of the pollutant into the monitor in the concentration ranges required by 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix A. The resulting measured concentrations are then compared to the known concentrations. These accuracy estimates are then compared to the accuracy goals. The accuracy goals in Table A7 of Appendix A are given in terms of upper and lower 95 percent probability intervals where the center of these intervals is expected to be 0 percent error. These goals represent the expectation that there should be a 95 percent probability that any single measurement error, expressed as the percent difference from the true value, should fall within the 95 percent probability interval goal. Meteorological measurement accuracy will be assessed by absolute difference with reference signal generators or collocated equipment measurements. For each type of assessment, the measured result is compared to the known reference value and expressed as percent difference and/or absolute difference, depending on the basis of the accuracy objective. A7.5.5 Completeness Data completeness is calculated on the basis of the number of valid samples collected out of the total possible number of measurements. Data completeness is calculated as follows: Page 3 of

31 Section A7 A7.5.6 Representativeness % Completeness = Number of valid measurements x 100 Total possible measurements Representativeness is the extent to which a set of measurements reflects actual conditions for a specific application. The representativeness objective for the data is not stated numerically as a quality objective because quantitation is generally not possible. The extent to which the measurements from these project activities are representative should be reflected in flight documentation files and technical system audit reports. A7.5.7 Comparability Comparability is achieved when the results are reported in standard units to facilitate comparisons between the data from this network and other similar programs. In order to accomplish this objective, the reporting units for the ambient monitoring measurements are listed in Table A7.5.7.A. Wind direction and wind speed data are recorded as one-hour averaged resultant vectors from the start to the end of an hour, with the data being referenced as the hour at which data collection started. The wind direction standard deviation and the wind speed arithmetic average for the hour are also computed. These figures are compared with data received from the National Weather Service that are two-minute averages of wind direction and wind speed taken at an unspecified time within an hour. The difference between the vector average and the arithmetic average is small, with the vector average never exceeding the arithmetic average. Table A7.5.7.A Reporting Units of Measurements Parameter Units* Conditions O 3 ppm and parts per billion (ppb) Ambient SO2 ppm and parts per billion (ppb) Ambient NO ppm and ppb Ambient NO 2 ppm and ppb Ambient NO x ppm and ppb Ambient Wind Direction degrees azimuth Ambient Wind Speed miles per hour Ambient Temperature degrees Fahrenheit Ambient * ppm, ppb on a volume basis Note: The MeteoStar System software produces data in ppm for O 3 ; and ppb for SO 2, NO, NO 2, and NOx. Ozone data are required to be submitted to the EPA Aerometric Information Retrieval System in ppm; however, the other pollutant data are accepted in ppb. Page 4 of

32 Section A8 A8 PROJECT NARRATIVE Not required for this project. Page 1 of

33 Section A9 A9 SPECIAL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS/CERTIFICATION None is required for this project. Page 1 of

34 Section A10 A10 DOCUMENTATION AND RECORDS Each project participant is expected to maintain records that include sufficient information to reconstruct each final reported measurement from the variables originally gathered in the measurement process. This includes but is not limited to information (raw data, electronic files, and/or hard copy printouts) related to media preparation, sampler calibration, sample collection, sample handling (Chain-of-Custody and processing activities), measurement instrument calibration, quality control checks of sampling or measurement equipment, "as collected" measurement values, an audit trail for any modifications made to the "as collected" measurement values and traceability documentation for reference standards. Difficulties encountered during sampling or analysis need to be documented in narratives that clearly indicate the affected measurements. All electronic versions of data sets should reflect the limitations associated with individual measurement values. A10.1 Mechanisms for Documentation of Procedures and Objectives Published guidance (Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], and EPA Quality Assurance Handbook) Method specific standard operating procedures where they exist Instrument manufacturer's technical support manuals A10.2 Mechanisms for Record Keeping Sampling information and chain-of-custody forms Instrument calibration data forms Electronic run logs Electronic and manual daily activity logs Electronic and manual data processing and validation logs Electronic and manual data management activity logs Records of assessment, such as performance evaluation records A10.3 Data Reporting Turnaround Time Data from the monitoring programs, National Air Monitoring Station (NAMS) and State and Local Air Monitoring Station (SLAMS), have a maximum turnaround time of 90 days from the end of the quarter in which collection occurs, including analysis, and validation for all parameters. A final report, including the validated data, will be prepared and available to the Project Sponsor up to six months following the completion of the data collection period. Page 1 of

35 Section A10 A10.4 Data Storage Continuous and quality assurance data from the NAMS/SLAMS programs are available in MeteoStar database after each sampling quarter. Meteorological data downloaded and stored on a personal computer, printed for a hard copy, and in a database of a Hewlett Packard 735, which is backed up on an optical system; handled as part of the MeteoStar data. Difficulties encountered in sampling or analysis will be documented in narratives and all electronic versions of data sets will reflect the limitations associated with measured values. Air Quality Solutions, Inc. will, pursuant to the contract, maintain all related records for a minimum of three years unless otherwise stated in the contract. Page 2 of

36 Section B1 B1 SAMPLING PROCESS DESIGN (RESEARCH MONITORING / EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN) B1.1 Site Design At the fixed sites will be located in Fayette, Williamson, Bastrop, Hays & Travis Counties the sampling will be done in a temperature-controlled trailer or building. Sampling inlets will be placed approximately 2 meters above the roof of the trailer. The samples will be drawn through Teflon tubing into the indoor sampling area, which will house the ozone, sulfur dioxide, and NO x analyzers. Meteorological measurements will be made approximately 10 meters above ground level. The ozone, SO 2, NO x, and meteorological measurements will run continuously from April 2010 through October The monitors in selected counties, CAMS 601, 690, 674, 675, 684 & 614 site will be incorporated into the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) monitoring network continuous and noncontinuous National Air Monitoring Station/State and Local Air Monitoring Station (NAMS/SLAMS) sites. All sites will not be for compliance monitoring for the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, the data will be used for regional research purposes only. All measurements are considered critical to the achievement of either the NAMS/SLAMS or the Border Program objectives. Although the meteorological measurements are not required by Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations [40 CFR] for the NAMS/SLAMS projects, they have multiple program uses; for example, the data may be used in air quality models and analysis of episodes. B1.2 Site Design Rationale The Fayette County site along with all of the TCEQ NAMS, SLAMS, and Border sites, when possible, should meet the siting requirements of 40 CFR 58, Appendices D and E, and follow the procedures in the TCEQ Site Selection and Documentation Procedures Manual, SLAMS/NAMS/PAMS Network Review Guidance, EPA-454/R , Guideline on Ozone Monitoring Site Selection, EPA-454/R With one exception to the Ozone monthly calibrations, thus, the Fayette County site will take the monthly calibration exception, thus should not meet the regulatory guidelines of each continuous air monitoring station and noncontinuous air monitoring station site in the TCEQ network, in that the site is representative of the surrounding area and data from one site in the network are comparable to another when the methodology is the same. B1.3 Measurement Validation Sampling and validation efforts are described in Sections A6, B2, and D1. All data will be reviewed by Air Quality Solutions, Inc. and the TCEQ for acceptable data quality compliance with objectives before inclusion into the appropriate databases. The meteorological data will be Page 1 of

37 Section B1 compared to those obtainable from nearby sites as well as from the National Weather Service. Data submitted by the local programs as a result of their independent monitoring efforts are validated in accordance with their quality assurance project plans. Local program data are entered by the TCEQ into the EPA Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS) database and into TCEQ databases. The AIRS database provides data validation screens that are used for all data entries and updates to the database. Page 2 of

38 Section B2 B2 SAMPLING METHODS REQUIREMENTS This section addresses the approved sampling methods; the specific collection, preparation, and decontamination procedures of the equipment; the sample requirements, specifically the sampling media, sample preservation methods, holding times, field sample handling procedures; and the procedures to follow in case of a failure in the sampling system. The equipment and operating procedures are specified where the sampling method is automated. Every attempt has been made to be as complete as possible. It should be recognized that some of the procedures might change over the course of the program if logistical or quality related difficulties are encountered. B2.1 Ozone (O3), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Criteria pollutant (O 3, SO 2, and nitrogen dioxide [NO 2 ]) sampling procedures used in this monitoring program are consistent with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 40 CFR Part 58, Appendices A through G, the Quality Assurance Handbooks for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volumes I and II, and the reference and equivalent methods designation criteria outlined in 40 CFR Part 53. The criteria pollutant sampling probes are sited in accordance with the EPA Quality Assurance Handbook, Volume II, Section and EPA Ambient Monitoring Guidelines for the Prevention of Significant Deterioration. All materials are constructed of Teflon. Ambient air is supplied to the continuous analyzers through 1/4-inch diameter Teflon tubing equipped with in-line particulate filters. The tubing is equipped with an in-line inverted funnel with a screen at the end to prevent large particles and water from entering the system. The pollutant concentrations are automatically sampled and analyzed by the monitor. The output of the monitor is a voltage proportional to the concentration of the pollutant. The voltage outputs from the instruments are connected and sampled by a data logger once per second to form five-minute averages. These continuous monitors are normally connected to the data logger to preassigned channel numbers. Data are transferred to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) central office by a modem through a regional hub computer connection. The continuous monitors for criteria pollutants are EPA approved equivalent or reference methods. Some of the measurement parameters, instrument model numbers, EPA method codes, and the approved full-scale range(s) of the monitors are identified in Table B2.1.A. Additional information may be obtained from the Geographical Common Table, found in the EPA Aerometric Information Retrieval System Database, Air Quality Systems. Page 1 of

39 Criteria Pollutant Parameter Instrument and Model Number O3 Dasibi 1008-AH Dasibi 1003-AH SO2 Lear Siegler 9850 TECO 43 NO 2 Lear Siegler 9841A TECO 42 Table B2.1.A Criteria Pollutants Designation/ Method Code EQOA /056 EQOA /019 EQSA /092 EQSA /009 RFNA /090 RFNA /074 Method Ultraviolet (UV) Photometry Fluorescence Chemiluminescence Section B2 Operating Range 0.5 parts per million (ppm) 0.5 ppm or 1.0 ppm 0.5 ppm B2.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems Meteorological sampling procedures used in this monitoring program are consistent with EPA Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume IV. The instrumentation used for meteorological monitoring will meet or exceed all prevention of significant deterioration performance criteria. The meteorological sensors at the ground-level sites will be sited in accordance with EPA Ambient Monitoring Guidelines for the Prevention of Significant Deterioration. Meteorological parameters are measured continuously with Young Instruments and Climatronics Model F460 meteorological system, however temperature is also measured with the F460 system. Meteorological system measures wind speed, wind direction, and temperature. These measurements are collected in the data logger system via three analog output voltages. The wind sensors are tower-mounted at a height of 10 meters above the ground. The parameters measured and their ranges are: Parameter Range Wind Speed 0 to 100 miles per hour Wind Direction 0 to 360 degrees ( ) Temperature -22 to +120 Fahrenheit Specific performance requirements for the meteorological systems include: The Climatronics F460 and the Young Instruments meteorological system are oriented to magnetic north with a compass. The wind direction for the meteorological system is corrected to true north by adding a magnetic declination value to the wind channel intercept in the monitoring station data logger. The magnetic declination is entered into the data logger when it is initialized at the time of installation. This task is performed by the Ambient Monitoring personnel who configure data loggers. Magnetic declinations for all sites are obtained from the United States Geological Service via internet at the following address: Telnet://neis.cr.usgs.gov. Page 2 of

40 Section B2 B2.3 Corrective Actions The field technician assigned to a monitoring site is responsible for operating samplers and initiating minor corrective actions on equipment when required. Equipment problems are generally detected through a failed sample run or through performing routine quality control (QC) checks on a routine basis. The QC checks that are performed on the sampling equipment are identified in Section B5. When a major equipment problem is involved, the technician refers it to the Field and Laboratory Activities leader of Air Quality Solutions, Inc., who has the responsibility to follow up on restoring the equipment to its proper operating status. This may be accomplished through telephone consultation with the field technician, which may result in the removal of the equipment from the site for repair. Any equipment problems that can result in the loss of data are addressed with a high priority. All situations requiring corrective action will be documented in site activity logs. Section B4.2 contains additional information on documentation of corrective action. Page 3 of

41 Section B3 B3 SAMPLE HANDLING AND CUSTODY REQUIREMENTS When measurement data are collected electronically, each sampling method is required to have procedures that allow for clear custody record keeping for each transfer of information from the collection point to the final data holding mechanism. All physical samples that require additional handling to generate a measurement will be required to be labeled with a unique identification number. Each sampling method is required to have procedures that will track the transfer of these samples from the media preparation point, to and through the sample collection point, through the analytical process to the final disposal of the sample. The record of sample acquisition activities is required to contain minimum information about the time of sampling, location, sampler operational conditions, and any other descriptive data that may be relevant to support the representativeness of the measurement(s) being made. Procedures are expected that allow for clear custody record keeping for each transfer of information related to the analysis of these samples. At minimum, sample data sheets, bound logbooks, or equivalent electronic mechanisms that provide an audit trail of activities should be employed. B3.1 Sample Handling Procedures B3.1.1 Ozone (O 3 ), Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen There are no discrete samples handled by individuals for this method. B3.1.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems There are no discrete samples handled by individuals for this method. B3.2 Documentation and Custody Requirements This section describes the procedures used in this project for documenting and maintaining sample custody from time of collection until disposal. B3.2.1 O 3, Sulfur Dioxide, and Oxides of Nitrogen There are no discrete samples handled by individuals for this method. The identity and disposition of samples are documented electronically by the run log associated with the instrument support computer and processing software. Instrument calibration information is recorded on standard data forms and maintained in the permanent record. Information regarding instrument maintenance is maintained in the Daily Activities Logbook. B3.2.2 Meteorological Measurement Systems There are no discrete samples handled by individuals for this method. The identity and disposition of sample measurements are documented electronically by the run log associated with the instrument support computer and processing software. Information regarding instrument maintenance and calibration activities is maintained in the Daily Activities Logbook. Page 1 of

42 Ambient Monitoring in Central Texas Section B4 B4 ANALYTICAL METHODS REQUIREMENTS B4.1 Analytical Procedures This section presents information regarding the analytical methods used to develop ambient air measurements for this project. Where published methods exist, the method reference has been specified and only exceptions to the published method are discussed here or in referenced documents. Where no published method exists, the analytical method is described. B4.1.1 B4.1.2 Ozone (O 3 ), Oxides of Nitrogen, and Sulfur Dioxide There are no exceptions to established guidance (see Section B2) for these methods. Meteorological Measurement Systems Meteorological measurement methods are in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Quality Assurance Handbook Volume IV, March 1995, methodology. Exceptions to the quality assurance requirements are noted below. Wind Direction Accuracy (absolute difference): ±3 degrees alignment, ±5 degrees overall. (The 1995 guidance for wind direction is agreement within ±5 degrees azimuth. The guidance for wind direction using direct reading sensors is followed. However, using collocated measurement equipment, the TCEQ accepted range for wind direction is ±30 degrees.) Wind Speed Accuracy (absolute difference): ±0.56 miles per hour (mph) at winds <11.2 mph, ±5 percent at winds >11.2 mph. Maximum allowable error: 5.6 mph (The 1995 guidance specifies a wind speed accuracy of ±0.2 ms percent of observed speed from 0.5 to 50 ms -1. This corresponds to ±0.447 mph +5 percent of the observed speed from 1.12 mph to 112 mph. The current acceptable range for wind speed accuracy response using a direct reading sensor is within 0.56 mph at speeds below 11.2 mph and within ±5 percent at speeds above 11.2 mph; and ±5 mph using collocated wind speed measurement equipment.) There are no discrete samples for meteorological measurements. All measurements are made in the field. B4.2 Corrective Actions It is expected that the individual discovering a problem will initiate corrective action appropriate to the situation. Documentation of the problem using site activity logs should be used. This is consistent with the TCEQ Quality Management Plan. Generally, field technicians are responsible for all minor maintenance of monitoring systems operating in their region. The central office technicians are responsible for all major maintenance in all regions. Cost of repairs and travel may dictate that the field technician undertakes major repairs. The field technicians may contact the central office technicians for assistance and to request parts and materials. The central office technicians have assigned responsibilities and Page 1 of